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Electrophoresis of antibiotics involves the use. Features and nuances of electrophoresis for various diseases in a medical facility and at home

Drug electrophoresis - a method of combined exposure to constant electric shock, which is an active healing factor and a medicinal substance introduced into the body with the help of current.

Irritation of nerve receptors by direct current during the procedure, and subsequently long-term continuous irritation of them by ions of the medicinal substance introduced into the patient’s skin, is transmitted to the higher vegetative centers. Emerging response in the form of a generalized ion reflex is specific to the action of the administered drug. This substance enters into metabolic processes and affects cells and tissues in the affected area. Slowly entering the blood and lymph, the medicinal substance introduced by electrophoresis affects organs and tissues sensitive to it, and the body as a whole.

Drug electrophoresis has the following advantages over other methods of introducing a drug into the body:

The medicinal substance is administered not in molecular form, but in the form of individual ingredients, while its pharmacological activity increases, and ballast substances do not enter the body;

The medicinal substance is injected directly into the tissues of the pathological focus, creating a sufficiently high concentration in it, without saturating the entire body;

The main amount of the medicinal substance is injected into the surface layer of the skin and remains in the form of a “depot” for many days, promoting the formation of ionic reflexes and ensuring prolonged action of the medicinal substance;

The medicinal substance is administered and accumulates in an area of the patient’s body with impaired microcirculation; it can be administered bypassing the blood-brain barrier (for example, with the nasal method of exposure) or the histohematic barrier (with intraorgan electrophoresis techniques);

Unlike oral and parenteral methods of administering drugs into the body, with electrophoresis, negative reactions to the administered drug are less likely to occur and its side effects are less pronounced;

The medicinal substance is administered without damaging the integrity of the skin, so sterilization of the drug is not required.

In electrophoresis, the drug is administered from the pole whose polarity corresponds to the charge of the substance. Some medications are administered from both poles. Solutions are usually prepared with distilled water, the concentration of the drug

1-5%. For substances that are poorly soluble in water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used as a solvent.

Enzyme preparations (trypsin, lidase, deoxyribonuclease) are not split into ions, and their molecules acquire a charge depending on the concentration of hydrogen ions. In alkaline solutions they acquire a negative charge and, therefore, are introduced from the cathode, and in acidic solutions they acquire a positive charge and are introduced from the anode.

The acidified buffer solution consists of 11.4 g of sodium acetate, 0.92 ml of glacial acetic acid and 1 liter of distilled water. A 2% sodium bicarbonate solution is used as an alkaline buffer solution. Buffer and medicinal solutions used for electrophoresis must be freshly prepared and can be stored for no more than seven days.

Typically, only one drug should be administered from one pole. IN in some cases a mixture of two or more medications is used. For example, a mixture of A.P. is most often used for pain relief. Parfenova. It consists of 100 ml of a 0.5% solution of novocaine (lidocaine, trimecaine), 1 ml of a 0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride. Mixture N.I. Strelkova has a ganglion-blocking effect and consists of 500 ml of a 5% solution of novocaine, 0.5 g of diphenhydramine, 0.8 g of pachycarpine and 0.06 g of platyphylline.

Some medicinal substances, under the influence of direct electric current, disintegrate into their component parts, which are administered independently. For example, novocaine breaks down into para-aminobenzoic acid and diethylaminoethanol. During electrophoresis of novocaine, para-aminobenzoic acid is introduced during the first 15 minutes at a low current density, which has an anti-sclerotic, stimulating effect. Then, at a higher current density, diethylaminoethanol is injected, causing anesthesia. Under the influence of galvanic current, the complex heparin molecule also breaks down into its component parts. To introduce a hydrosulfate radical, which has anticoagulant properties, a short-term exposure at a low current density is necessary.

The most commonly used medicinal substances for electrophoresis, the polarity of their ions and the required concentrations of solutions are given in Table. 1.

Table 1

Medicinal substances used for electrophoresis

Injected ion or particle		Polarity
Adrenalin	1 ml of 0.1% solution of adrenaline hydrochloride per 30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Aloe	2 ml liquid aloe extract per 20 ml distilled water	-
Aminocaproic	0.5 ml of 5% solution of aminocaproic acid per 20 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution
Analgin	5% analgin solution	±
Anaprilin	5 ml of 0.1% anaprilin solution	■ь
Antipyrine	1-5% antipyrine solution

Continuation of the table. 1

Injected ion or particle	Drug used and solution concentration	Polarity
Apifor	1-10 tablets of apifor per 20 ml of distilled water	±
Ascorbic	2-5% ascorbic acid solution
Atropine	1 ml of 0.1% atropine sulfate solution per 10 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Acetylsalicylic acid	1 g of acetylsalicylic acid per 30 ml of 25% dimexide solution	-
Baralgin	5 ml of baralgin per 30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	-
Benzohexonium	1-2% benzohexonium solution	+
Bromine	2-5% sodium (potassium) bromide solution	-
Vitamin E	1 ml of 5%, 10%, 30% tocopherol acetate per 30 ml of 25% dimexide solution	+
Gangleron	6 ml of 0.2-0.5% ganglerone solution	+
Heparin	5000 10 000 units of heparin per 30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution
Hyaluronidase	0.2-0.5 g per 20 ml acetate buffer solution	+-
Hydrocortisone	25 mg of hydrocortisone hemisuccinate per 30 ml of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution	-
Glutamic	20 ml 1% glutamic acid solution	-
Humisol	Humisol (extract from silt mud)	±
Delagil	2.5% delagil solution	+
Diazepam	2 ml of 0.5% diazepam solution per 30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Dionin	5-10 ml of 0.1% dionine solution	+
Dibazol	0.5-2% dibazole solution	+
Dicaine	0.3% dicaine solution, 10 ml per pad	+
Diphenhydramine	10-20 ml of 0.5% diphenhydramine solution	+
Ichthyol	5-10% ichthyol solution	-
Iodine	2 -5% potassium iodide solution	-
Cavinton	2 ml of clavinton per 30 ml of 25% dimexide solution	+

Continuation of the table.

Injected ion or particle	Drug used and solution concentration	Polarity
Potassium	2-5% potassium chloride solution	+
Calcium	1 -5% calcium chloride solution	+
Carbacholine	1 ml of 0.1% carbachol solution per 10-20 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Karipazim	100 mg (350 PE) per 20 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution and 2-3 drops of dimexide	+
Codeine	10 ml 0.5% codeine phosphate solution	+
Collalysin	50 KE of collalizine per 30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution ex (Etroge	+
Caffeine	1% solution of caffeine sodium benzonate (prepared with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution)
Contrikal	500-10,000 units of contrical per 20 ml of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution	-
Chime	2 ml of 0.5% solution of chimes per 20 ml of distilled water	+
Lidaza	32-64 units of lidase powder per 30 ml of acetate buffer solution (pH 5-5.2)	+
Lidocaine	0.5% lidocaine solution	+
Lithium	1 5% solution of lithium chloride, iodide, salicylate, citrate	+
Magnesium	2 5% magnesium sulfate solution	+
Mezaton	1 ml of 1% mesatone solution per pad	+
Copper	1 2% copper sulfate solution	+
Monomycin	100-200 thousand units of monomycin sulfate per 20-30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Sodium thiosulfate	1-3% sodium thiosulfate solution
Nicotinic acid	1 2% nicotinic acid solution	-
Novocaine	0.5-2% solution of novocaine	+
No-shpa	4 ml of 1-2% no-spa solution per pad	+
Panangin	1 2% potassium/magnesium aspartate solution	+

Continuation of the table. 1

Injected ion or particle	Drug used and solution concentration	Polarity
Papaverine	0.5% papaverine hydrochloride solution	+
Pahikarpin	1% pachycarpine hydroiodine solution	+
Papain (lecozyme)	0.01 g papain per 20 mg isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Pilocarpine	0.1-0.5% solution of pilocaprine hydrochloride	+
Penicillin	100,000-200,000 units of penicillin sodium salt per 20 mg of isotonic sodium chloride solution
Platyfillin	1 mg of 0.2% solution of platiphylline hydrotartrate per 20 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Prednisolone	25 mg of prednisolongemisuccinate per 30 ml of 1% sodium bicarbonate solution	-
Prozerin	1 ml of 0.05% proserin solution per 20 ml of 0.2% sodium chloride solution	+
Para-aminosalicylic acid	1-5% sodium paraaminosacylate solution	-
Ronidaza	0.5 g of ronidase per 30 ml of acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0-5.2)	+
Salicylic acid radical	1-5% sodium salicylate solution	+
Saluzid	3-5% saluzide solution	-
Seduxen	2 ml of 0.5% seduxen solution per 30 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	-
Vitreous	2 mg vitreous per 20 mg of 0.2% sodium chloride solution	+
Streptomycin	200,000 units of streptomycin-calcium chloride complex per 20 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	±
Tetracycline	100,000 units of tetracycline per 20 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution	+
Thiamine (vitamin B)	2-5% solution of thiamine chloride (bromide)	+
Trimekain	0.5% trimecaine solution	+
Trental	5 ml of trental per 30 ml of 2% sodium bicarbonate solution

End of table. 1

Injected ion or particle	Drug used and solution concentration	Polarity
Trypsin	10 mg trypsin per 20 ml acetate buffer solution (pH 5.2-5.4)	+
Unithiol	3-5% unithiol solution	+
Fibrinolysin	20 000 units of fibrinolysin per 20 ml of acetate buffer solution	-
Fluorine	2% sodium fluoride solution	+
Furadonin	1% solution of furadonin with 2% solution of sodium bicarbonate (pH 8.0-8.8)	-
Chymotrypsin	5 mg of chymotrypsin per 20 ml of acetate buffer solution (pH 5.2-5.4)	-
Chlorine	3-5% sodium chlorine solution	+
Zinc	0.5-1% solution of zinc sulfite (chloride)	-
Eufillin	0.5-1% solution of zinc aminophylline	±
Ephedrine	0.1-0.5% solution of ephedrine hydrochloride	+

Note: instead of the buffer solutions indicated in the text, you can use a 2-3% solution of hydrochloric acid, acidifying the medium to pH 3.0-3.5, or a 2-3% solution of sodium hydroxide to alkalize the medium to pH 8

Electrophoresis is a physiotherapeutic procedure based on the simultaneous effect of electricity and a drug on body tissue. Electric current has an irritating effect on peripheral nerve fibers, along which impulses spread to the autonomic nervous system. When administered through intact skin, the medicine interacts with the cells of the body. This option of physiotherapy ensures the influence of the pharmacological agent on the entire body due to its uniform intake active substances into the blood and lymph.

The operating principle of electrophoresis is based on the polarity of particles. Under the influence of direct electric current, the molecules of the active substance move along the trajectory of the propagation of electricity from one electrode to another. Some drugs are administered from only one pole, others can be administered from both. In order to perform electrophoresis correctly, strict adherence to the algorithm for performing the physical procedure is necessary. Otherwise, the therapeutic effect will not be achieved.

General principles

Electrophoresis through intact skin is carried out in two versions. In the first option, a pad is moistened with the medicine and placed on the skin at the site where the electrode is applied. There are pads that initially contain a medicinal substance. This greatly simplifies the procedure and is convenient for those who perform electrophoresis at home. The second embodiment differs in that active substance is in a solution with which a special container is filled, and the patient’s arms or legs are placed in it. This method allows you to enter more the drug, since the solution comes into contact with a significant area of the skin.

In medical institutions, electrophoresis is performed through mucous membranes. Cavity organs (stomach, bladder, rectum, vagina) are filled with a drug solution. This method allows you to influence the entire mass of the target organ.

Electrophoresis is the same method of administering medications as intramuscular and intravenous injections.

A complex of substances penetrates into the body and affects metabolic processes in tissues. Subject to availability hypersensitivity or an allergic reaction in the past to the components of the drug, their administration by electrophoresis is contraindicated.

Methodology

The standard electrode for electrophoresis is a metal or fabric plate. To carry out the procedure in the neck area, electrodes in the form of a collar are used. If it is necessary to influence small areas of the body (for example, the nose), then smaller electrodes are used.

Before starting the procedure, the nurse must warn the patient about the sensations that arise during its implementation. A burning or tingling sensation may occur. If the sensations become acute or intense pain appears, then it may be necessary to change the treatment regimen or discontinue it. A correctly done procedure is accompanied by pleasant sensations.

Exists important rule. Electrophoresis is not performed on areas with damaged skin. It also cannot be performed if there are birthmarks or pigmented nevi in the target area.

The technique of applying electrodes depends on the location and size of the affected area and the nature of the disease. If a transverse arrangement is provided, then the electrodes are applied on opposite surfaces of the body (for example, the stomach and back). In a longitudinal position, the electrodes are located on the same surface, but one is somewhat closer to the pathological focus, the other further. This method is suitable for affecting the limbs and spine. The duration of the procedure is 15-30 minutes.

Physiotherapy using electrophoresis is carried out mainly with the following devices: “Potok-1”, “GR-2”, “GK-2”, “Elfor”, “Elfor-Prof”. These devices are small, so it is possible to perform procedures at home. Carrying out procedures on your own is not recommended, as supervision by a specially trained person is required. nursing staff for correct implementation.

Examples of drug electrophoresis

In pulmonology, surgery and orthopedics, the practice of electrophoresis with enzyme preparations and hormones. One of the most commonly used enzymes is hyaluronidase, which is available under trade name"Lidaza". In addition, there is hyaluronidase with the addition of specific components that provide more long action− drug "Longidaza".

To allow large molecules such as enzymes to penetrate the skin, the use of buffer solutions is necessary. Typically, solutions of acids (for lidase) or alkalis (for enzymes such as trypsin, chymotrypsin) are used for this purpose. Also, an alkaline buffer is necessary to ensure efficient electrophoresis of hormones (for example, hydrocortisone).

To achieve greater effect use combined agents. For example, the drug "Karipain" is a complex of papain, chymopapain, collagenase, lysozyme, proteinase and bromelain. Used for diseases of the joints (arthritis, arthrosis, contractures), spine (hernias, osteochondrosis in the lumbar and neck areas).

For pain in the spine, electrophoresis with novocaine is used in neurological practice. No buffer solutions are required for this procedure. It is possible to administer a pure drug. Typically a 0.25-5% solution is used.

In pulmonology, physiotherapeutic treatment is practiced for acute, convalescent and chronic pathologies.

Important! The use of any methods of physiotherapy, including electrophoresis, in the acute phase of the disease is strictly prohibited.

During recovery from pneumonia, exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and bronchitis, electrophoresis with aminophylline, novocaine, and lidase is used.

Electrophoresis options

Drug electrophoresis using the Vermeule method. The patient is in a prone position. One large electrode is placed on the back between the shoulder blades. Electrodes with opposite poles are fixed in the area of the calf muscles.

The Shcherbak technique is usually used for pathologies of the cervical or lumbar spine. A regular rectangular electrode is applied to the lumbar region. The second, in the form of a collar, wraps around the neck and goes down to the chest.

In complex patient pathology hip joints Electrophoresis of the panty zone according to Shcherbak is used. One of the electrodes, as in the previous version, is on the lower back. The other two are in the projection of the hip joints on the front surface of the thigh.

TO special options include electrophoresis of the face, eyes, wound areas, nose and the area of sympathetic nodes. In gynecological practice, cavity electrophoresis is used, in which one of the electrodes is located in the lumbar region and the other in the vaginal cavity. In proctology and urology, it is possible to use a rectal electrode for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases of the peri-rectal tissue, bladder, and prostate.

Features in children

In pediatrics, electrophoresis is used for the same indications as for adult patients. However, a child's body, to a greater extent than an adult, consists of water, and, therefore, of electrolyte solutions. In addition, a child’s skin has little resistance. The galvanic current used for electrophoresis has a faster and more pronounced effect. Therefore, a separate calculation method is used in dosing procedures.

Before the procedure, it is necessary to carefully examine the child. Presence of diathesis, pustular diseases, skin damage is a contraindication for electrophoresis. After the procedure, it is necessary to treat the application site with Vaseline or baby cream. Parents must monitor the condition and behavior of their child and medical institution, and at home. Loss of appetite, sleep, anxiety or lethargy indicate possible side effects of electrophoresis itself or the drugs administered with it.

Safety

Electrophoresis is a procedure using electric current. Despite the fact that direct current is supplied to the electrodes, in most cases the device is connected to an alternating current network. Any malfunctions in the device may cause electrical injury. Therefore, performing electrophoresis on your own at home is not recommended. If it is impossible to visit medical institutions, it is preferable to contact centers that provide home visiting services.

An incorrectly selected dose of current can cause skin burns. If you experience a burning sensation or intense pain the procedure is stopped. The device turns off. The burn site is treated with a solution of potassium permanganate or alcohol solution tannin.

In the room where electrophoresis is performed, there must be an emergency first aid kit in case of anaphylactic shock.

It contains: 0.1% adrenaline solution, prednisolone or dexamethasone in ampoules, aminophylline, antiallergic drugs (diazolin, loratadine), a bottle with 0.9% sodium chloride solution, syringes, systems, tourniquet. The staff of the physical therapy office must be able to provide assistance with complications of an allergic nature.

Electrophoresis is a therapeutic procedure, one of the main areas of physiotherapy.

The medical effect is achieved through the simultaneous influence of weak currents and pharmaceuticals.

What is it, why is medicinal electrophoresis needed, what is the principle of action, the benefits and harms of the procedure, and what are the indications and contraindications for this technique - we will tell you about this in our article.

The cathode (negative electrode) expands blood vessels, has a beneficial effect on the activity of the glands internal secretion, accelerates metabolic processes in cells.

The anode (positive electrode) helps to activate lymph flow, remove toxins from the body, and also reduce pain sensitivity. In addition to the most common, percutaneous method, medicine also uses the cavity and interstitial method of administering drugs through galvanic current.

The essence of the method

An electrophoresis session is carried out using a hardware method, the technique is as follows: different-pole electrodes with fabric pads impregnated with drugs are fixed on parts of the body.

Under the influence of galvanization, ions of the pharmaceutical solution penetrate under the skin (approximately to a depth of 1.5 cm), accumulating in the cells and in the intercellular space.

The current strength, exposure time and concentration of the medicinal solution are prescribed individually - taking into account the nature of the disease, age, sensitivity skin. When contacting the plates through which the current passes, the patient does not experience pain.

A barely noticeable burning or tingling sensation occurs in the areas where the electrodes are attached. A slight metallic taste may appear in the mouth. Session duration is 10-20 minutes. The number of treatment sessions is from 5 to 20.

Therapeutic effect

Electrophoresis is prescribed after completing a therapeutic course or surgical intervention. The ability to restore the natural structure of tissues is actively used in gynecology (elimination of adhesions in the fallopian tubes), otolaryngology (treatment chronic sinusitis and otitis), dermatology ( skin defects).

Electrophoresis is used in pediatrics (in the treatment of hypertension in infancy), in neurology (relieving inflammation in the area strangulated hernia), in traumatology and other areas of medicine.

When exposed to the body, the following positive effects have been proven:

slowing down inflammatory processes;
reduction in pain intensity (if the facial nerve is pinched);
eliminating excessive muscle tension;
acceleration of recovery processes (tissue regeneration);
calming effect;
improvement of microcirculation in subcutaneous tissues.

Impact in cosmetology

When the skin comes into contact with opposite electrodes, electromagnetic fields, stimulating the formation of new ions in the lymph and intercellular space. Electrode plates are fixed on areas of the skin where there are sebaceous and sweat glands– effective absorption of drugs occurs in this area.

Several processes occur simultaneously under the cathode and anode:

electrodiffusion;
polarization;
electroosmosis.

As a result of the biochemical effect on the nerve endings, a response from the body occurs - pores open, capillary vessels dilate, blood flow increases, metabolic processes are activated (the resorptive effect lasts from 3 to 20 days).

In cosmetology practice, various electrolytes are used that have a healing, healing, regenerating effect (on branded packaging there is a sign of the electrode from which the product should be injected under the skin).

According to their purpose, preparations for electrophoresis can be anti-inflammatory, anti-aging (non-surgical lifting), nourishing, moisturizing.

In medical cosmetology, such drugs as hyaluronic acid, collagen gels, masks based on placental composition, salicylic acid, nicotinic acid, antiseptic emulsions, lidase.

Using electrophoresis (an alternative name for the procedure is iontophoresis), dissolved extracts from medicinal plant materials, vitamins, and active microelements are introduced under the skin.

What problems does it help solve?

Elimination of cosmetic defects

The skin on the face and neck is sensitive and thin. A deep abrasion leaves a red scar that fades after a few years, but never completely disappears. People prone to keloid scarring are left with a lumpy scar that indelibly spoils their appearance.

The defect can be partially (and in some cases completely) eliminated using medicinal iontophoresis. During treatment sessions, drugs are used that actively destroy layers of scar tissue (lidaza, fermenkol).

The new generation drug is longidase, which has antioxidant, immunostimulating and antiseptic properties. Penetrating under the influence of galvanic current under the skin, the medicine restores the structure of the epidermis, restoring natural elasticity to the tissues. Unlike lidase, the new drug does not cause allergic reactions.

Postoperative period

Scar marks remain on the face after surgical operations (defects in the area of the eyes, cheekbones, and eyelids are especially noticeable). It is impossible to eliminate visually noticeable pathology using traditional medicines, but when using electrophoresis it is possible to achieve maximum cosmetic effect. For galvanic administration, the drug collisin is used subcutaneously, which has the following types of effects:

destroys the tissue of keloid scars;
resolves defective skin changes on the eyelids;
breaks down scar tissue of the retina.

Electrophoresis with collalysine is prescribed for injuries in the eye area and healed lesions of the mucous membrane.

The procedure is carried out with great care (the first dosage is minimal) to prevent burn inflammation of the tissues

Advantages and Disadvantages

The main advantages of the procedure include:

non-injection method of drug administration;
the therapeutic activity of drugs is enhanced by galvanic current;
immediate effect on the area of inflammation;
absence of unpleasant sensations;
prolonged therapeutic effect.

The main disadvantage is the limited use (not all drugs can be administered by electrophoresis).

The inability to create a high concentration of the drug and determine the degree of its accumulation in the body are also disadvantages of the therapeutic method of electrophoresis.

Who can

Electrophoresis is used in medical cosmetology practice for the following purposes:

to restore elasticity and rejuvenate the skin;
to smooth out wrinkles;
to eliminate puffiness (bags under the eyes);
to cleanse skin pores of impurities.

Indications for the use of the electrophoresis procedure are the presence of defects:

dry, aging skin of the face and décolleté;
acne, blackheads;
fine wrinkles, nasolabial folds;
sagging skin in the cheeks and chin area.

Electrophoresis is one of the main methods used in comprehensive program oily treatment acne. Disincrustation (removal of comedones) - galvanization using an alkaline solution, which is introduced from a negatively charged pole.

Since iontophoresis radically improves blood circulation in peripheral vessels and has an anti-inflammatory effect, after just a few sessions the skin acquires an even matte tint, and areas with “oily sheen” and flaking disappear.

Before performing the electrophoresis procedure, you must make sure that the patient is not allergic to the drug and can tolerate the effects of galvanic current.

When to abstain

Contraindications for prescribing electrophoresis are:

neoplasms of a malignant nature;
purulent infections;
viral diseases;
coronary heart disease;
dermatitis in the inflammation stage;
increased body temperature;
renal failure;
the presence of metal dental crowns;
pregnancy and lactation;
mental illness.

How does the session work?

The session is conducted in the following sequence:

The procedure takes 3-4 minutes, frequency – once every 2 weeks. The course of treatment is 6 procedures. Repeated treatment – after 2 months.

And the rejuvenation procedure goes like this:

The cosmetologist impregnates with nutritious or medicinal solution fabric pads and places them on the skin (under the electrodes).
After turning on the device, the ions of the active substance penetrate deep into the skin. By moving the electrodes in a sliding motion, the cosmetologist sequentially treats areas of the face and neck. An iontophoresis session lasts 7-8 minutes.
After the session, a nourishing mask is applied for 10 minutes.

Prescribe from 6 to 10 procedures.

Electrophoresis is a highly effective physiotherapeutic procedure. The achieved therapeutic (or cosmetic) result is maintained long time after completing a course of physiotherapy.

It is important that sessions run qualified specialists, having practical experience in their direction, knowledgeable functionality medical equipment. During the procedure, the specialist must continuously monitor the patient's condition.

Good doctor prescribes sessions only after receiving reliable confirmation that there are no absolute contraindications to the procedure.

Sessions are canceled if severe irritation appears on the skin, or if health deteriorates due to exposure to current or prescribed medication.

In general, the procedure is well tolerated by patients, regardless of age and severity of the disease. For treatment to be effective, it is necessary to punctually follow the recommendations of the attending physician, and also undergo full course prescribed procedures.

Watch a video of how electrophoresis is done for facial skin:

If your doctor has prescribed procedures, never skip or reschedule them without good reason. Try to follow all the specialist’s instructions. After an electrophoresis session, you should not take a bath, sunbathe, or visit a solarium or fitness room.

You should also not use additional cosmetics on the day of the session. If you are taking medications, be sure to inform your cosmetologist about this - this is important!

Requirements for medicinal products

Electrophoresis is one of the ways to introduce drugs into the body. Most are “pure” (i.e. single-component) pharmaceuticals, given by injection, can be absorbed through the skin. These are drugs penicillin series(antiseptics), vitamins, chemical elements(potassium, copper calcium, zinc).

In cosmetology medicine, using the capabilities of innovative equipment, specialists conduct iontophoresis sessions with multicomponent substances.

Regardless of which drug will be used during the session, it is necessary to comply with the requirements for the preparation of formulations. The following solvents are used:

distilled water;
medical ethanol;
dimethyl sulfoxide;
buffer compounds.

The electrodes do not change places during one treatment course. The effectiveness of drug absorption depends on the condition of the skin, age, type of solvent, drug concentration, types of medical equipment, current strength, and session time.

Combination with other cosmetic procedures

Electrophoresis goes well with thalassotherapy, therapeutic massage, mud therapy, etc. It is possible to carry out RF body lifting (), as well as RF face lifting (before and after photos). A day later (it is not recommended to do it on the same day) after the electrophoresis session, to enhance the effect, you can use ultraphonophoresis, with a mineral complex and lymphatic drainage.

The doctor develops an individual skin care program, taking into account the condition of the skin, age, tolerance medicinal components, requirements for aesthetic effect.

Since iontophoresis in combination with other cosmetic procedures radically improves blood circulation in peripheral vessels and has an anti-inflammatory effect, after just a few sessions the skin acquires an even matte tint, and areas with an “oily sheen” and flaking disappear.

Prices

The average cost of a treatment session to remove acne is 1000 rubles. The cost of rejuvenation procedures depends on the status of the clinic, the electrophoresis equipment used, and the quality of the drugs used. The figure ranges from 2 to 5 thousand rubles.

Treatment using various forces of nature, or physiotherapy, is one of the oldest regions medicine. She studies how various natural or artificially created physical factors affect the body and develops methods and means of using them for the treatment and prevention of various diseases. Among the main areas are: balneotherapy, or hydrotherapy heat treatment; treatment by mechanical influences; phototherapy;

Electrotherapy. Largest number methods include electrotherapy. But perhaps the most common is electrophoresis. It occupies a position at the intersection of two areas of medicine, such as physiotherapy and drug treatment, as electric current is used to deliver medicinal substances.

The essence of the method and its advantages

Medicinal electrophoresis is a treatment method that combines the introduction of certain substances into the body with exposure to direct or alternating electric current. The invention of this method was facilitated by a number of scientific discoveries and inventions of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, such as the galvanic cell, the theory of electrolytic dissociation, etc. Electrophoresis has been used in medicine since the beginning of the 19th century, when it was first used for treatment. Since then, the electrophoresis method has been constantly improved, and the scope of its use has expanded. Physiotherapy is the main, but the only place where electrophoresis is used. It is also used in diagnostics and biochemical research. Electrophoresis as a treatment method involves placing a gasket moistened with a medicinal solution between the body and the electrode of the device. Under the influence of current, ions of the substance from the solution are transferred through the ducts skin glands or through the mucous membranes into deeper tissues. From where they are then distributed throughout the body through the blood and lymph flow.

This method of drug administration has a number of very obvious advantages when compared with oral or injection administration:

There is no tissue damage or pain; V digestive tract and the blood does not have an excessively high concentration of the medicinal substance, which can harm them; local administration, in which most of the required component accumulates directly in the treatment area; ions, in the form of which the drug enters the body, are the most active form of the substance; the duration of the effect is much longer than with other treatment methods; On the contrary, the risk of side effects is reduced.

For all these qualities, medicinal electrophoresis has earned the reputation of one of the safest conservative methods treatment. Its effectiveness is obvious to doctors, but many patients tend to doubt it, believing that exposure to electric current can be harmful. Let's try to dispel such prejudices.

Related articles: Electrophoresis for children and adults

How effective is this treatment method?

To understand the effectiveness of electrophoresis, it is important to know exactly what effect it has on the body. It will be comprehensive. The medicinal substance, entering the subcutaneous tissue, causes a local effect, entering into metabolic reactions. Accumulating in a strictly defined area of the body, the active substance forms a so-called depot there, from where it will then slowly spread through the blood or lymph flow, affecting the entire body as a whole. This effect is called humoral or systemic. And the electric current itself exerts positive impact on tissues and the nervous system. Irritation of skin receptors helps to change many processes occurring in tissues, normalizing them and causing not only positive changes in them, but also general reaction body. If we talk about what specific effects electrophoresis causes, we can name the following: helps reduce the inflammatory process by delivering the medicine directly to damaged tissue or focus of inflammation; sanitizes tissue if inflammation is caused by microbial infection; relieves swelling by normalizing lymph flow; relieves pain, both due to the delivery of the appropriate drug and due to the reduction of inflammation or swelling, which can provoke pain; dilates blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, allowing tissues to receive sufficient quantity nutrients and oxygen, as well as remove metabolic products; relieves muscle spasms, including smooth internal organs, ensuring normal blood circulation; normalizes the functioning of the endocrine glands. However, the effectiveness of a procedure such as electrophoresis will not be the same in all patients. All this must be taken into account by the doctor when prescribing electrophoresis to the patient. There are a number of rules that, if followed, will make the treatment effective:

The greatest effect is achieved by using solutions with low concentrations and a high degree of purity;

No more than 10% of the substance applied to the pad enters the body; the amount of the administered substance directly depends on the amount of electricity passing through the tissue, as well as on the size of the molecules and the charge of the ions; the older the patient, the less permeable his skin is to drugs; more ions enter through the mucous membranes than through the skin;

Not all areas of the skin are suitable for electrophoresis.

Related articles: Electrophoresis treatment: effective and safe

Can this procedure be harmful?

Like any medical procedure, electrophoresis can cause harm if contraindications to its use are not observed or the procedure technique is violated. In order to exclude such a situation, you need to follow the doctor’s instructions and follow all his recommendations. Of course, electrophoresis will be harmful and even dangerous if the following diseases and conditions: any malignant neoplasms, regardless of their location; renal and heart failure; acute diseases, inflammatory or purulent; increased body temperature or fever; some mental illnesses; bronchial asthma; skin diseases such as eczema and dermatitis; atherosclerosis, hypertension and some other vascular pathologies; tendency to bleeding; blood clotting disorder; wounds, abrasions or other skin damage at the procedure sites; change in skin sensitivity.

Contraindications for electrophoresis also include pregnancy and menstruation. But sometimes such a procedure does not cause harm, but on the contrary serves as a warning. premature birth or withdrawal severe pain. But the decision about whether to prescribe electrophoresis similar situation only the doctor decides, based on full information about the patient's health.

For pregnant women, there are additional contraindications for electrophoresis: nausea and vomiting caused by toxicosis; fetal condition that prevents the kidney pathology procedure; high risk bleeding;

Eclampsia.

What does non-compliance with procedure technique lead to?

No matter how safe physiotherapy is, we should not forget that electric current, even such a weak one, which is used by medicinal electrophoresis, is a rather dangerous phenomenon. And failure to comply with safety measures and recommendations for conducting a session can lead to sad consequences. One of them is electrophoresis burn. One of the reasons for its appearance is the contact of the skin directly with the electrode. In order to prevent such damage, special gaskets are used. They are made from several layers of hydrophilic material, most often white flannel is used for this purpose. The spacer size must be larger than the electrode surface. It should protrude beyond its edges by at least a centimeter. The purpose of such a gasket is not only to prevent burns, but also to reduce skin resistance and ensure best contact between it and the electrode. The pad is moistened with a solution of the drug or distilled water, depending on how the procedure is performed, and placed on the skin. The liquid must be warm to cause the skin pores to dilate. After this, an electrode is placed on it. When applying the electrode, you must carefully ensure that it does not protrude beyond the edges of the pad and does not come into contact with the skin.

When performing electrophoresis, it is necessary to control the current strength and the sensations that the patient experiences. A slight tingling sensation is allowed, but should not lead to burning or pain. This may be the second cause of a burn. If such sensations appear, it is necessary to turn off the current and find out the reason for such a strong reaction.

Related articles: Osteochondrosis and electrophoresis

Other reasons for negative reactions

As a rule, side effects symptoms that occur after the procedure are associated with individual intolerance to the administered drug or electric current. You should inform your doctor about this in advance, otherwise the harm from such a procedure will be much greater than the expected benefit. An allergic reaction to the drug can be quite serious. Electric eye intolerance most often manifests itself in the appearance of a skin rash. Sometimes the presence of such a reaction is revealed after the procedure. In this case, it is necessary to stop the sessions and choose another method of treatment. In young children, electrophoresis can cause various reactions, including becoming more nervous, irritable, and starting to cry. This may be due not so much to the procedure itself, but to the unusual, frightening environment. But in any case, if such a reaction occurs, it is better to consult a doctor about the advisability of further procedures. Sometimes electrophoresis can cause pain after the procedure. But this phenomenon is also usually associated with intolerance to the drug. Or with an exacerbation of the disease, which may be provoked by the procedure. In such a case, a doctor’s consultation is also necessary. In general, despite such individual manifestations, electrophoresis is one of the safest and least traumatic methods of treatment and prevention of many diseases, injuries and developmental pathologies. To minimize any possible adverse consequences it is necessary to follow the doctor's recommendations, rules safe handling with electrical appliances and hygiene requirements.

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Indications and contraindications for electrophoresis, what it is and how it works

Electrophoresis is a therapeutic procedure, one of the main areas of physiotherapy.

The medical effect is achieved through the simultaneous influence of weak currents and pharmaceuticals.

Electrode properties

The cathode (negative electrode) dilates blood vessels, has a beneficial effect on the activity of the endocrine glands, and accelerates metabolic processes in cells.

The essence of the method

An electrophoresis session is carried out using a hardware method, the technique is as follows: different-pole electrodes with fabric pads impregnated with drugs are fixed on parts of the body.

Under the influence of galvanization, ions of the pharmaceutical solution penetrate under the skin (approximately to a depth of 1.5 cm), accumulating in the cells and in the intercellular space.

The current strength, exposure time and concentration of the medicinal solution are prescribed individually - taking into account the nature of the disease, age, and sensitivity of the skin. When contacting the plates through which the current passes, the patient does not experience pain.

Therapeutic effect

Electrophoresis is prescribed after completion of a therapeutic course or surgery. The ability to restore the natural structure of tissues is actively used in gynecology (elimination of adhesions in the fallopian tubes), otolaryngology (treatment of chronic sinusitis and otitis), dermatology (skin defects).

Electrophoresis is used in pediatrics (for the treatment of hypertension in infancy), in neurology (relieving inflammation in the area of a strangulated hernia), in traumatology and other areas of medicine.

When exposed to the body, the following positive effects have been proven:

slowing down inflammatory processes;
reduction in pain intensity (if the facial nerve is pinched);
eliminating excessive muscle tension;
acceleration of recovery processes (tissue regeneration);
calming effect;
improvement of microcirculation in subcutaneous tissues.

Impact in cosmetology

When the skin comes into contact with opposite electrodes, electromagnetic fields are formed, stimulating the formation of new ions in the lymph and intercellular space. Electrode plates are fixed on areas of the skin where there are outlets of the sebaceous and sweat glands - in this area, effective absorption of drugs occurs.

Several processes occur simultaneously under the cathode and anode:

electrodiffusion;
polarization;
electroosmosis.

According to their purpose, preparations for electrophoresis can be anti-inflammatory, anti-aging (non-surgical lifting), nourishing, moisturizing.

In medical cosmetology, drugs such as hyaluronic acid, collagen gels, masks based on placental composition, salicylic acid, nicotinic acid, antiseptic emulsions, lidase are actively used.

Using electrophoresis (an alternative name for the procedure is iontophoresis), dissolved extracts from medicinal plant materials, vitamins, and active microelements are introduced under the skin.

What problems does it help solve?

Elimination of cosmetic defects

Postoperative period

Scar marks remain on the face after surgical operations (defects in the area of the eyes, cheekbones, and eyelids are especially noticeable). It is impossible to eliminate visually noticeable pathology using traditional medicines, but using electrophoresis it is possible to achieve the maximum cosmetic effect. For galvanic administration, the drug collisin is used subcutaneously, which has the following types of effects:

destroys the tissue of keloid scars;
resolves defective skin changes on the eyelids;
breaks down scar tissue of the retina.

Electrophoresis with collalysine is prescribed for injuries in the eye area and healed lesions of the mucous membrane.

The procedure is carried out with great care (the first dosage is minimal) to prevent burn inflammation of the tissues

Advantages and Disadvantages

The main advantages of the procedure include:

non-injection method of drug administration;
the therapeutic activity of drugs is enhanced by galvanic current;
immediate effect on the area of inflammation;
absence of unpleasant sensations;
prolonged therapeutic effect.

The main disadvantage is the limited use (not all drugs can be administered by electrophoresis).

The inability to create a high concentration of the drug and determine the degree of its accumulation in the body are also disadvantages of the therapeutic method of electrophoresis.

Who can

Electrophoresis is used in medical cosmetology practice for the following purposes:

to restore elasticity and rejuvenate the skin;
to smooth out wrinkles;
to eliminate puffiness (bags under the eyes);
to cleanse skin pores of impurities.

Indications for the use of the electrophoresis procedure are the presence of defects:

dry, aging skin of the face and décolleté;
acne, blackheads;
fine wrinkles, nasolabial folds;
sagging skin in the cheeks and chin area.

Electrophoresis is one of the main methods used in a comprehensive treatment program for oily acne. Disincrustation (removal of comedones) - galvanization using an alkaline solution, which is introduced from a negatively charged pole.

Before performing the electrophoresis procedure, you must make sure that the patient is not allergic to the drug and can tolerate the effects of galvanic current.

When to abstain

Contraindications for prescribing electrophoresis are:

neoplasms of a malignant nature;
purulent infections;
viral diseases;
coronary heart disease;
dermatitis in the inflammation stage;
increased body temperature;
renal failure;
the presence of metal dental crowns;
pregnancy and lactation;
mental illness.

How does the session work?

The session is conducted in the following sequence:

The procedure takes 3-4 minutes, frequency – once every 2 weeks. The course of treatment is 6 procedures. Repeated treatment – after 2 months.

And the rejuvenation procedure goes like this:

The cosmetologist impregnates tissue pads with a nutritious or therapeutic solution and places them on the skin (under the electrodes).
After turning on the device, the ions of the active substance penetrate deep into the skin. By moving the electrodes in a sliding motion, the cosmetologist sequentially treats areas of the face and neck. An iontophoresis session lasts 7-8 minutes.
After the session, a nourishing mask is applied for 10 minutes.

Prescribe from 6 to 10 procedures.

Electrophoresis is a highly effective physiotherapeutic procedure. The achieved therapeutic (or cosmetic) result is maintained for a long time after completing a course of physiotherapy.

It is important that the sessions are performed by qualified specialists who have practical experience in their field and are well aware of the functionality of medical equipment. During the procedure, the specialist must continuously monitor the patient's condition.

A good doctor prescribes sessions only after receiving reliable evidence that there are no absolute contraindications to the procedure.

Sessions are canceled if severe irritation appears on the skin, or if health deteriorates due to exposure to current or prescribed medication.

Watch a video of how electrophoresis is done for facial skin:

You should also not use additional cosmetics on the day of the session. If you are taking medications, be sure to inform your cosmetologist about this - this is important!

Requirements for medicinal products

Electrophoresis is one of the ways to introduce drugs into the body. Most "pure" (i.e., single-component) injectable pharmaceuticals can be absorbed through the skin. These are penicillin drugs (antiseptics), vitamins, chemical elements (potassium, copper, calcium, zinc).

In cosmetology medicine, using the capabilities of innovative equipment, specialists conduct iontophoresis sessions with multicomponent substances.

Regardless of which drug will be used during the session, it is necessary to comply with the requirements for the preparation of formulations. The following solvents are used:

distilled water;
medical ethyl alcohol;
dimethyl sulfoxide;
buffer compounds.

Combination with other cosmetic procedures

Electrophoresis goes well with thalassotherapy, therapeutic massage, mud therapy and non-injection mesotherapy. It is possible to carry out RF body lifting (what is it), as well as RF face lifting (before and after photos here). A day later (it is not recommended to do it on the same day) after the electrophoresis session, to enhance the effect, you can use the procedures of ultraphonophoresis, hydromassage with a mineral complex and lymphatic drainage massage.

The doctor develops an individual skin care program, taking into account the condition of the skin, age, tolerance of medicinal components, and requirements for aesthetic effect.

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Electrophoresis

Medicinal electrophoresis is the effect on the body of a direct electric current in combination with the introduction of various medicinal substances through the skin or mucous membranes. In physiotherapy, electrophoresis is the most popular method, as it has many positive effects on the patient’s body:

reduces intensity inflammatory process;
has an anti-edematous effect;
eliminates pain syndrome;
relaxes increased muscle tone;
produces a calming effect;
improves microcirculation;
accelerates the process of tissue regeneration;
stimulates the production of biologically active substances (for example, vitamins, microelements, hormones);
activates the body's defenses.

The principle of the method is that drugs enter the body through the intercellular spaces, sebaceous and sweat glands in the form of positive or negative particles (ions). Medicinal dose with electrophoresis it is low: only 2-10% of the total volume of the drug contained on the pad.

Most of the drug is retained in the skin and subcutaneous fat, that is, it does not immediately enter the bloodstream, but a day or more after the procedure. This property determines the delayed (prolonged) effect of the physiotherapy procedure: improvement of metabolism and innervation, removal pain syndrome, swelling, etc.

During electrophoresis, active medicinal substances accumulate as much as possible in the pathological focus, since the pad with the medication is applied directly to the “sore spot”, and is several times higher than the dose administered by injection or orally. Therefore efficiency medicinal electrophoresis quite high. Bypassing gastrointestinal tract, the drug practically does not cause side effects on the body.

Indications for electrophoresis in adults

Drug electrophoresis is widely used in complex therapy neurological, therapeutic, surgical, gynecological diseases, as well as in traumatology, pediatrics and dentistry. The physiotherapy procedure can be prescribed more than once, and electrophoresis does not have any specific time limits.

Diseases respiratory system

bronchial asthma;
pneumonia;
spicy and chronic bronchitis;
bronchiectasis;
tracheitis;
pleurisy;

Diseases of ENT organs (ear, throat, nose)

rhinitis;
pharyngitis;
tonsillitis;
otitis;
sinusitis;
frontal sinusitis;

Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract

gastritis;
peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum;
cholecystitis;
pancreatitis;
colitis;

Diseases cardiovascular system

hypertension stages 1 and 2;
hypotension;
atherosclerosis;
angina pectoris;
varicose veins;
atrial fibrillation;
endarteritis;

Diseases genitourinary system women and men

pyelonephritis;
cystitis;
urethritis;
prostatitis;
endometriosis;
adnexitis;
endometritis;
cervicitis;
vaginitis;

Nervous system diseases

neuritis;
neuralgia;
radiculitis;
migraine;
neuroses;
intervertebral hernia;
insomnia;
plexitis;
head injuries and spinal cord;
paresis and paralysis;
ganglioneuritis;

Diseases musculoskeletal system

osteochondrosis;
osteoarthritis;
arthritis and polyarthritis;
spondylosis;
dislocations and fractures;
joint contracture;

Diseases endocrine system

Skin diseases

burns;
acne (acne);
seborrhea;
scarring;
psoriasis;
trophic ulcers;
bedsores;
dermatitis;
folliculitis;
furunculosis;

Eye diseases

iridocyclitis;
uveitis;
conjunctivitis;
blepharitis;
keratitis;
optic nerve atrophy.

Dental diseases

stomatitis;
gingivitis;
periodontitis;
periodontal disease;

Postoperative rehabilitation

postoperative wounds;
postoperative scars.

Contraindications

Drug electrophoresis is quite universal and affordable way physiotherapy, but it has a number of contraindications. These include:

tumors of any location and etiology;
heart failure;
presence of an artificial pacemaker (pacemaker);
inflammatory process in the acute phase;
increased body temperature;
bronchial asthma (severe form);
bleeding disorders (increased bleeding, tendency to bleed);
skin pathologies(eczema, dermatitis);
impaired sensitivity of the skin;
mechanical damage in the area where medicinal pads are applied (wounds, cuts, abrasions);
intolerance to electric current;
allergy to a drug that needs to be administered using electrophoresis.

Note: menstrual bleeding is not absolute contraindication to electrophoresis, since it is a natural process not caused by any pathological (inflammatory or infectious) factor. It is not advisable to perform the procedure during menstruation if it is known that the electrodes will be applied to the area of the uterus and ovaries.

Methodology

The essence of the procedure is to position the drug (solution or gel) perpendicular to the movement of the electric current, i.e., between the electrode and the surface of human skin. Depending on the method of applying electrodes and the method of drug administration, several methods of drug electrophoresis are distinguished.

Galvanic (percutaneous) - gauze or filtered paper pads are impregnated with a medicinal solution, which are placed on the patient’s body on opposite sides of the pathological focus to create a field within which the medicinal substance will move. Electrodes are placed inside the gaskets and covered with a protective film on top;

Bath - the required volume of medicinal solution is poured into a special container (bath), which is already equipped with electrodes. The patient immerses the painful part of the body (arm or leg) in the liquid;

Cavity - a solution of a drug is injected into hollow organs (stomach, bladder, rectum, vagina, uterus), one of the electrodes is placed there, and the second is located on the surface of the body;

Interstitial - the drug is administered orally (through the mouth) or by injection, after which electrodes are placed in the area of the pathological focus. Interstitial electrophoresis is most effective in the treatment of respiratory diseases (bronchitis, laryngitis, tracheobronchitis, etc.)

Treatment with electrophoresis

Bath electrophoresis

Effective in the treatment of arthritis, polyarthritis, plexitis, polyneuritis and other diseases of the joints and nervous system.

Electrophoresis with Karipazim

Karipazim is a drug for the treatment of herniated intervertebral discs (the active ingredient is papain). The standard course of treatment with caripazin is 15-20 sessions (to obtain a lasting clinical effect, it is necessary to complete 2-3 courses with breaks of 1-2 months).

Electrophoresis with lidase

Lidase (hyaluronidase) increases tissue and vascular permeability, improves the movement of fluids in the interstitial spaces, and helps soften scars. Therefore, electrophoresis with lidase is very often prescribed in gynecology, traumatology and surgery to resolve adhesions.

Electrophoresis with aminophylline

Eufillin has an analgesic, bronchodilator effect, improves blood circulation and blood supply to internal organs. Therefore, electrophoresis with aminophylline is widely used for the treatment of pulmonary, vascular, neurological and other diseases.

Electrophoresis with calcium

Prescribed for bronchitis, neuralgia, neuritis, myositis. Calcium electrophoresis is most often used in orthopedics to replenish relative and absolute calcium losses. The effect that calcium has on the body:

detoxification;
antiallergic;
hemostatic;
anti-inflammatory;
strengthens blood vessels and reduces their permeability.

Electrophoresis with potassium

Used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases respiratory tract, at bronchial asthma, eye pathologies.

In most cases, electrophoresis is carried out using the galvanic method, i.e. Electrodes with a drug-impregnated pad are simply placed on the skin. But what technique is used (collar, belt, according to Shcherbak or Ratner), depends on the diagnosis and localization of the pathological focus. Typically, the choice of method is determined by the attending physician (or a physical nurse in the absence of a doctor).

The most effective and widely used medicinal electrophoresis techniques:

Ionic reflexes according to Shcherbak

is prescribed for hypertension, neuroses, peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.

Ionic collar

effective in the treatment of traumatic brain injuries, neuroses, hypertension, sleep disorders, etc.

Ionic belt

used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs and various sexual dysfunctions.

General electrophoresis (Vermeule method)

The method is most effective in the treatment of hypertension, atherosclerosis, cardiosclerosis, neurosis, migraine, etc.

Electrophoresis according to Bourguignon (orbital-occipital)

the procedure is prescribed for the treatment of facial or trigeminal nerve, as well as vascular, traumatic and inflammatory processes in the brain.

Nasal electrophoresis

used in the treatment of vascular, inflammatory and traumatic pathologies brain, stomach and duodenal ulcers, metabolic disorders.

Electrophoresis according to Ratner

used for the treatment of circulatory disorders in the cervical spine, in the treatment of children cerebral palsy and to restore normal functioning of organs after birth injuries in children.

Side effects and complications

When performing medicinal electrophoresis, side effects or more serious complications are observed very rarely. Usually this allergic reactions to the administered medicinal substance, which are manifested by redness of the skin, an itchy rash, and slight swelling at the site of application of the electrodes. When canceling the procedure and using antihistamines negative manifestations quickly disappear.

Also, during the 2-3 electrophoresis procedure, a slight increase in pain and an increase in local or general temperature in inflammatory diseases (functional exacerbation) is allowed. By the end of the course of physiotherapy discomfort pass on their own.

Electrophoresis for children and infants

Infants under one year of age are prescribed electrophoresis for the treatment of the following pathologies:

increased or decreased muscle tone;
minor neurological disorders;
diseases of the musculoskeletal system;
diseases accompanied by severe painful sensations;
diathesis;
pathologies of ENT organs;
burns.

Note: Increased tone muscles is a serious obstacle to normal physical development child. Treatment with electrophoresis allows you to replace the injection or oral administration of necessary medications.

Each child tolerates the electrophoresis procedure differently: some calmly and quietly, others nervously and irritably. If the baby’s reaction is sharply negative (cries throughout the entire procedure and after it, sleeps and eats poorly, etc.), then the decision to continue treatment is made only taking into account possible benefits and existing risks.

Children over 1 year of age have no restrictions for treatment with electrophoresis, except for individual intolerance to the drug.

Electrophoresis during pregnancy and gynecology

For pregnant women, in the absence of contraindications, doctors often prescribe physiotherapeutic procedures as a supportive measure.

Usually this is electrophoresis - a method that is considered not only gentle, but also the most optimal during pregnancy and lactation for improving blood circulation and reducing muscle tone, including the tone of the uterus.

Electrophoresis should not be used during pregnancy. following cases:

vomit;
kidney diseases;
low blood clotting with risk of bleeding;
poor fetal condition;
eclampsia (severe toxicosis in the second half of pregnancy).

In gynecology, electrophoresis is prescribed for the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases (cervicitis, endometritis, endometriosis, etc.).

The most effective method in these cases will be interstitial electrophoresis with antibiotics. For cervical erosion and endometriosis, the procedure is used as one of the methods of delivering medications (iodine, zinc, lidase, amidopyrine) to the affected tissues.

Electrophoresis for uterine fibroids is included in the conservative treatment program and helps to completely eliminate or reduce the clinical manifestations of the disease, restore the function of the ovaries and uterine myometrium.

Electrophoresis at home

Medicinal electrophoresis, as one of the main physiotherapy procedures, is provided by any government agency free of charge. If it is not possible to visit the hospital every day to undergo the procedure, then you can do electrophoresis at home.

To do this you need:

purchase the device and the necessary medications;
get detailed recommendations for home treatment from a physiotherapist;
invite a physical nurse to your home for the first (training) session.

Alternative Methods

Another popular method of introducing drugs into the human body, but not with the help of electric current, but through ultrasonic waves, is phonophoresis. In terms of effectiveness, phonophoresis is not inferior to electrophoresis and has much fewer contraindications for its implementation.

The question of which method to use in a particular case is decided by the attending physician. But as practice shows, electrophoresis is most often prescribed, and only if it is impossible to carry out it, phonophoresis is chosen, since not all medicinal substances that are used in electrophoresis are used for phonophoresis.

This is due to the fact that under the influence of ultrasound these substances are destroyed, lose their activity or change their pharmacological properties. For example, novocaine, platyphylline, atropine, some vitamins ( ascorbic acid, vitamins gr. IN).

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In what cases is electrophoresis prescribed for children and what are the benefits of such procedures? :

What is electrophoresis?

Medicinal electrophoresis is a combination of the effect on the human body of electrical currents and medicinal substances administered with their help. When using this method, a high healing effect is observed that a specific medicinal substance has on the body. The intensity of this effect depends on the degree of mobility of the drug in the electromagnetic field, the method and area of its administration, as well as on the amount of the incoming drug.
Under the influence of current, medicinal solutions disintegrate into ions, after which they form hydrophilic charged complexes. If on the way of dispersed particles there are biological tissues, medicinal ions penetrate into their very thickness, where they exert their healing effect. Similar methods The treatments are practically harmless, so doctors often prescribe electrophoresis even for pregnant women. There are also no contraindications for children; moreover, these procedures very well help cope with residual effects colds. Therefore, pediatricians often recommend electrophoresis as a restorative therapy.

Indications for the use of electrophoresis

1. To treat bronchitis, electrophoresis with calcium is prescribed, which allows for direct action high concentration medications for the inflammation.

2. For arthrosis and osteochondrosis, electrophoresis with novocaine is performed as an anesthetic. In this case, an anode is installed on the area of increased pain, under which a special gauze pad is placed, soaked in a 0.5% solution of novocaine hydrochloride. For intense pain This procedure must be carried out twice a day for 20 minutes for two weeks.

3. For acne, furunculosis and skin cancer, electrophoresis with copper is prescribed, since it is this substance that gives an antitumor effect.

4. With keloid scars on early stage Electrophoresis with lidase (in combination with collagenase) will help cope: the procedure will reduce not only the volume of such formations, but also stop their further growth.

5. Euphylline electrophoresis for children is prescribed for muscle hypertonicity. This medicine promotes the rapid growth of cartilage tissue and improves blood circulation.

6. When gynecological diseases, unsuccessful pregnancies and frequent miscarriages electrophoresis is performed using zinc.

7. Intervertebral hernia at an early stage it is effectively eliminated by electrophoresis with caripazim, which has a softening effect, resulting in relaxation of the nerve and relief of pain.

Application of electrophoresis in pediatrics

Electrophoresis for children infancy is prescribed for hypotonicity or hypertonicity of muscles, as well as musculoskeletal disorders. It is also used to reduce pain during various diseases. This procedure showed itself quite well in the treatment of diathesis rashes in infants. Electrophoresis for older children is often prescribed for such diseases when the action of the medicine must be directed to the center of the inflammatory process. Often this treatment method is used after fractures of the upper and lower limbs, for acne, boils, bronchitis and even for curvature of the spine. As a rule, treatment with electrophoresis is carried out in combination with drug therapy.

Medicinal electrophoresis is a combined physicochemical method of local exposure to direct electric current and drugs administered using current through electrodes and hydrophilic pads moistened with a solution of these agents and contact applied to the skin surface or mucous membranes of certain areas of the patient’s body.

Current density - 0.05-0.1 mA/cm2, voltage - 30-80 V. The list of drugs for electrophoresis, their percentage in the solution, as well as the polarity of their administration are determined by physical and chemical studies.

Features of combined effects and main clinical effects are caused by the influence of direct current and the corresponding drug.

Electrophoresis is that medicinal substances are introduced into tissues in the form of positively and negatively charged particles (ions) through intercellular gaps, sweat ducts and sebaceous glands. The amount of administered medicinal substance is small (2-10% contained on the pad) and depends on the properties of the drugs, their concentration, current strength, duration of exposure, area of the electrodes, and blood supply to the skin. The bulk of drugs settles in the epidermis, small quantity- in the dermis and subcutaneous fat. Deposition of medicinal substances in the skin ensures their long-term reflex or focal effect on the body (for a day or more). Against the background of direct current, the pharmacological activity medicines, since they are introduced into tissues in ionic and chemically pure form. Direct current causes changes in the functional properties of tissues, increasing their sensitivity to drugs. Side effect medications are reduced because they enter the body in small quantities, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract. At the same time, the concentration of the drug in the pathological focus increases and can be several times higher than that achieved with parenteral administration of drugs.

Medicinal substances are introduced into the body according to their polarity: positively charged particles (cations) - from the anode, negatively charged particles (anions) - from the cathode. The optimal solvent for drugs is distilled water, which provides the best electrolytic dissociation and high electrophoretic mobility of drugs. In addition to water, for water-insoluble and slightly soluble substances, ethyl alcohol and a universal solvent - dimethyl sulfoxide (dimexide, DMSO), which is also a good carrier of medicinal substances, are used. For dissolution, 5, 10, 25 and 50% DMSO solutions are used.

Complex substances - proteins and amino acids - are amphoteric compounds that have an isoelectric point. Their electrophoresis is carried out from solutions whose pH differs from the isoelectric point of proteins and amino acids. As a solvent for complex substances acidified (5-8 drops of 5% solution) are used hydrochloric acid) or alkalized (5-8 drops of 5% sodium hydroxide solution) distilled water, as well as buffer solutions (acetate, phosphate buffer, etc.). Due to the presence in the buffer solution large quantity mobile ions, its use is limited, therefore, in practice, acidification or alkalization of aqueous solutions is more often used. When the solution is acidified, proteins and amino acids acquire a positive charge and are introduced with positive pole, when alkalizing, a negative charge is introduced from the negative pole.