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How is ascorbic acid useful? Ascorbic acid for children. Overdose of ascorbic acid

1 dragee contains ascorbic acid - 50 mg;

excipients: starch syrup, white sugar, yellow wax, mineral oil, talc, orange flavor (contains propylene glycol).

Description

international generic name: ascorbic acid;

basic physical and chemical properties: dragee white or white with a yellowish tint. By appearance must have a spherical shape.

Pharmacological action

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) has pronounced restorative properties. Belongs to a group water-soluble vitamins. Participates in redox reactions, regulation of carbohydrate metabolism, affects the metabolism of aromatic amino acids, thyroxine metabolism, catecholamine biosynthesis, steroid hormones and insulin, is necessary for blood clotting, collagen and procollagen synthesis, connective and bone tissue. Improves capillary penetration. Promotes the absorption of iron in the intestines and takes part in the synthesis of hemoglobin. Increases the body's nonspecific resistance and has antidote properties. A deficiency of vitamin C in food leads to the development of hypo- and avitaminosis C, since this vitamin is not synthesized in the body.

Suction ascorbic acid occurs predominantly in the small intestine. The absorption process may be disrupted by intestinal dyskinesias, enteritis, achylia, helminthic infestation, giardiasis, as well as when consuming alkaline drinks, fresh fruits and vegetable juices. The maximum concentration of the drug in plasma after oral administration is achieved after 4 hours. Easily penetrates into leukocytes, platelets, and then into all tissues; deposited in the posterior part of the pituitary gland, adrenal cortex, ocular epithelium, intermediate cells of the seminal glands, ovaries, liver, brain, spleen, pancreas, lungs, kidneys, intestinal wall, heart, muscles, thyroid gland. Metabolized primarily in the liver into deoxyascorbic acid and further into oxaloacetic and diketogulonic acids. Unchanged ascorbate and metabolites are excreted in urine, feces and excreted in breast milk. When high doses are used, when plasma concentrations reach above 1.4 mg/dL, excretion increases sharply, and increased excretion may persist after discontinuation of use.

Indications for use

Prevention and treatment of vitamin C deficiency in the body.

Prevention and treatment of scurvy, stimulation of tissue regeneration, in complex therapy bleeding (uterine, pulmonary, nasal), with radiation sickness syndrome, bone fractures, hemorrhagic diathesis, intoxications and infections, Addison's disease with an overdose of anticoagulants, during pregnancy and lactation, with increased mental stress and physical overload.

Contraindications

Increased sensitivity to ascorbic acid or to excipient drug. Thrombosis, tendency to thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, diabetes mellitus, severe kidney disease. Urolithiasis - when using doses above 1 g per day. Fructose intolerance, glucose-galactose malabsorption syndrome.

Children's age up to 4 years.

Pregnancy and lactation

A lack of vitamin C in the diet of pregnant women can be dangerous for the fetus, however, its use in high doses can also negatively affect the development of the fetus, therefore, during pregnancy, ascorbic acid is used exclusively as directed and under the supervision of a doctor, strictly adhering to the recommended doses (see section " Directions for use and dosage").

Ascorbic acid passes into breast milk, so during breastfeeding, vitamin C should be taken under the supervision of a doctor, adhering to the recommended doses (see section “Method of administration and dosage”).

Directions for use and doses

Prescribed to adults and children over 4 years of age. Dragees are taken orally after meals. Therapeutic dose for adults and children over 14 years old is 50-100 mg (1-2 tablets) 3-5 times a day.

children aged 4-7 years - 50-100 mg (1-2 tablets), children aged 7-10 years - 100 mg (2 tablets),

children aged 11-14 years - 100-150 mg (2-3 tablets) 2-3 times a day.

For preventive purposes, ascorbic acid is prescribed to adults and children over the age of 14 years in a daily dose of 50-100 mg (1-2 tablets).

For the purpose of preventing hypovitaminosis, children aged 4-14 years are prescribed 50 mg (1 tablet) 1 time per day.

Pregnant women, women after childbirth, and also with low levels of vitamin C in breast milk are prescribed a daily dose of 300 mg (6 tablets) for 10-15 days, after which (for preventive purposes throughout the entire period of breastfeeding) - in a daily dose 100 mg (2 tablets).

The duration of use is determined by the doctor depending on the nature pathological condition and effectiveness of therapy.

Side effect

Ascorbic acid is generally well tolerated, but some problems may occur. adverse reactions:

from the digestive tract: when used in a dose of more than 1 g per day - irritation of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; from the urinary system: damage to the glomerular apparatus of the kidneys, crystalluria, formation of urate, cystine and/or oxalate stones in the kidneys and urinary tract;

allergic reactions: skin rash, Quincke's edema, urticaria; Sometimes - anaphylactic shock in the presence of sensitization;

from the outside endocrine system: damage to the insular apparatus of the pancreas (hyperglycemia, glucosuria) and disruption of glycogen synthesis, leading to the appearance of diabetes mellitus;

from the cardiovascular system: arterial hypertension, myocardial dystrophy; from the side)1s hematopoietic systems s: thrombocytosis, hyperprothrombinemia, erythrocytopenia, neutrophilic leukemia; in patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency blood cells may lead to hemolysis of red blood cells;

from the outside nervous system: increased excitability, sleep disturbance, headache; on the metabolic side: metabolic disorders of zinc and copper.

If any adverse reactions Consult your doctor regarding further use of the drug!

Overdose

Symptoms: with a single use of excessive doses of the drug, it is possible

the occurrence of nausea, vomiting, bloating and abdominal pain, itching, skin rash, increased excitability.

At long-term use in high doses, it is possible to suppress the insular apparatus of the pancreas (its function must be monitored), develop cystitis, and accelerate the formation of stones (urates, oxalates).

Treatment: discontinuation of the drug, gastric lavage, alkaline drinking, taking activated carbon or other sorbents, symptomatic therapy.

Interaction with other drugs

If you are taking any other medications, be sure to tell your doctor!

Absorption of ascorbic acid is reduced with simultaneous use of oral contraceptives, drinking fruit or vegetable juices, drinking alkaline drinks. Ascorbic acid, when administered orally, increases the absorption of penicillin, tetracycline, iron, reduces the effectiveness of heparin and indirect anticoagulants, increases the risk of developing crystalluria during treatment with salicylates. Concomitant use of vitamin C and deferoxamine increases tissue toxicity of iron, especially in the heart muscle, which can lead to decompensation of the circulatory system. Vitamin C can only be taken 2 hours after the deferoxamine injection.

Long-term use of large doses by persons treated with disulfiramine inhibits the disulfiram-alcohol reaction. Large doses of the drug reduce the effectiveness of tricyclic antidepressants, neuroleptics - phenothiazine derivatives, tubular reabsorption of amphetamine, and interfere with the excretion of mexiletine by the kidneys.

Ascorbic acid increases total clearance ethyl alcohol. Quinoline drugs, calcium chloride, salicylates, and corticosteroids, when used for a long time, reduce the reserves of ascorbic acid in the body.

Features of application

The ability to influence the reaction rate when driving a vehicle or working with other mechanisms. No effect.

Children. The drug is prescribed to children over 4 years of age.

Precautions

Before starting treatment, consult your doctor!

When using the drug, you must adhere to the doses recommended by your doctor!

When taking high doses and long-term use of the drug, it is necessary to monitor kidney function and levels blood pressure, as well as pancreatic function. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of kidney disease.

At urolithiasis daily dose ascorbic acid should not exceed 1 g.

You should not prescribe large doses of the drug to patients with increased blood clotting.

Since ascorbic acid increases the absorption of iron, its use in high doses may be dangerous for patients with hemochromatosis, thalassemia, polycythemia, leukemia and sideroblastic anemia. Patients with high content iron in the body, it is necessary to use the drug in minimal doses.

Simultaneous use with an alkaline drink reduces the absorption of ascorbic acid, so you should not drink alkaline tablets mineral water. Also, the absorption of ascorbic acid may be impaired by intestinal dyskinesias, enteritis and achylia. Use with caution to treat patients with glucose-6-deficiency

phosphate dehydrogenase.

Ascorbic acid as a reducing agent can affect the results laboratory research, for example, when determining blood glucose, bilirubin, transaminase activity, lactate dehydrogenase, etc.

Since Ascorbic acid has a slight stimulating effect, it is not recommended to take the medicine at the end of the day.

Release form

50 tablets with a dosage of 50 mg in containers. 1 container in a cardboard pack.

Storage conditions

Store in original packaging at temperatures above 25 °C.

Included dragee includes ascorbic acid, starch syrup, sugar, talc, light mineral oil, yellow wax, dye E104 (quinoline yellow), orange flavor.

Compound r/ra for IV and IM administration: ascorbic acid (0.05 g/ml or 0.1 g/ml), sodium bicarbonate and sulfite, water saturated with carbon dioxide for injection.

The tablets contain ascorbic acid, dextrose, sugar, potato starch, additive E470 (calcium stearate), flavoring (strawberry/raspberry/cranberry/wild berries).

Chewable tablets contain ascorbic acid, refined sugar, magnesium stearate, , microcrystalline cellulose, orange flavor, hypromellose, yellow E110 (“Sunset”) or beta-carotene.

Release form

Dragees, packaged in 50, 100 or 200 pcs. in bottles made of polymer materials/glass jars or 10 pieces in blister packs, 5 packs in a cardboard box.
R/R for intravenous and intramuscular administration of 5 and 10% in ampoules of 1, 2 and 5 ml, 10 ampoules in a cardboard box.
Lyophilisate for the preparation of solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration. Dosage 0.05 g. The drug is available in ampoules, 5 ampoules in a cardboard pack complete with solvent (water for 2 ml).
Powder for the preparation of oral solution for oral administration. Dosage 1 and 2.5 g; sold in paper bags laminated with PE.
Tablets, packaged in 50 pcs. in glass jars.
Chewable tablets in package No. 30.

Pharmacological action

Vitamin preparation . Ascorbic acid in its pure form.

Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics

The drug has activity vitamin C. Has a metabolic effect, regulates oxidation-reduction reactions and hydrogen transport in large quantities biochemical reactions, improves the use of glucose in the citrate cycle, accelerates tissue regeneration, takes part in the formation of H4-folate, collagen And steroid hormones .

Maintains normal permeability of capillary walls and the colloidal state of the extracellular matrix. Activates proteases, participates in metabolism , pigments and aromatic amino acids, promotes the deposition of glycogen in the liver.

Due to the activation of liver cytochromes, it increases its protein-forming and detoxification activity, as well as synthesis prothrombin . Restores endocrine function schthyroid gland and exocrine - pancreas , stimulates separation bile .

Regulates immunological reactivity (activates the production , antibodies, components of the complement system C3), promotes phagocytosis and strengthening .

Renders antiallergic effect and docks inflammatory processes. Inhibits the production of mediators anaphylaxis and inflammation (including prostaglandins ), inhibits ejection histamine and accelerates its degradation.

Because in the human body vitamin C is not produced, insufficient amounts in food provoke hypo- And vitamin deficiency C .

The daily norm for men is 0.07-0.1 g, for women - 0.08 g. During pregnancy, the need increases to 0.1 g, during lactation - to 0.12 g. Children and adolescents, depending on age, should take from 0.03 to 0.07 g of vitamin C.

Absorbed in the small intestine: when taking less than 0.2 g, about 2/3 of the dose taken is absorbed; with increasing dose, absorption decreases to 50-20%.

The concentration of ascorbic acid when taken orally reaches a maximum after 4 hours.

The substance easily penetrates into And , and subsequently - into all tissues; deposited in cortical layer adrenal glands, posterior lobe , intestinal walls, muscle tissue, brain, ovaries, interstitial cells of the seminal glands, ocular epithelium, spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, pancreas and thyroid glands, heart.

Biotransformed mainly in the liver.

Ascorbate and its metabolites ( diketogulonic And oxaloacetic acid ) are excreted in urine and intestinal contents, and also excreted in breast milk and the secretion of the sweat glands.

Indications for use

The use of the drug is advisable for:

The antioxidant properties of ascorbic acid are used in the treatment , , infectious and alcoholic delirium, diffuse connective tissue lesions (SLE, , scleroderma ), overdose of anticoagulants, intoxication with barbiturates, sulfonamides, benzene, aniline, methyl alcohol, anesthesin, carbon monoxide, dichloroethane, disulfiram, hydrocyanic acid, potassium permanganate, phenols, thallium, arsenic, , aconite.

Taking the drug is also indicated during the recovery period after illnesses and surgical interventions.

Intravenously and intramuscularly Ascorbic acid in ampoules is administered in situations where it is necessary to quickly fill the deficiency vitamin C , as well as in situations where oral administration is not possible.

In particular, parenteral administration required when Addison's disease , a number of gastrointestinal diseases (in conditions after resection of the area small intestine And gastrectomy , persistent diarrhea , peptic ulcer ).

Contraindications

Absolute contraindications:

hypersensitivity;
complicated And thrombophlebitis, venous diseases .

Conditions in which Ascorbic acid is prescribed with caution:

fructose intolerance;
kidney pathologies (in particular, urolithiasis - when using more than 1 g per day);
hemochromatosis ;
thalassemia ;
progressive tumor diseases ;
sideroblastic And sickle cell anemia ;
polycythemia ;
deficiency of the cytosolic enzyme G6PD.

In pediatrics, the restriction on the use of Ascorbic acid tablets is the age of up to 4 years. Tablets are prescribed from the age of six. Chewable tablets in pediatric practice do not use.

Side effects

From the heart, vascular and hematopoietic systems: neutrophilic leukocytosis , thrombocytosis , erythropenia , hyperprothrombinemia .

From the sensory organs and nervous system: weakness and dizziness (with too rapid administration of ascorbic acid intravenously).

From the digestive tract: with orally — (when taking more than 1 g/day), irritation of the mucous membrane of the digestive canal, accompanied by nausea, diarrhea , vomiting, erosion of tooth enamel (with frequent use of chewing tablets or lozenges/tablets).

Metabolic disorders: disruption of metabolic processes, inhibition of production glycogen , overeducation adrenergic steroids , water and Na retention, hypokalemia .

From the urogenital tract: increase , formation of oxalate stones (especially with long-term use more than 1 g per day), damage glomerular apparatus kidney .

When injected into a muscle, pain at the injection site may occur; injection into a vein may be accompanied by a feeling of heat.

The substance is a strong allergen and can provoke hypersensitivity reactions even in cases where the person does not exceed the recommended daily dose.

Reserves vitamin C are depleted with prolonged use of calcium chloride, drugs quinoline series , salicylates , corticosteroids .

Solution A.K. interacts with the majority medicines when mixed in one syringe.

Terms of sale

A prescription is required to purchase the solution. Other forms of release are available without a prescription.

Example of a recipe in Latin for a 5% solution:
Sol. Acidi ascorbinici 5% – 1 ml
D.t.d. N.10 in amp.
S. Intramuscularly, 1 ml 2 times a day.

Recipe in Latin for the tablet form of the drug:
Acidi ascorbinici 0.05
D.t.d. N. 50 in tab.
S. For 2 tables. 3 times a day after meals

Storage conditions

Ascorbic acid should be stored in a light-protected place, inaccessible to children, at a temperature of no more than 25°C.

Best before date

The solution is considered suitable for use within a year, the dragee - within a year and a half after the date of issue. The shelf life for powder, lyophilisate and chewable tablets is 2 years. Ascorbic acid in tablets retains its pharmacological properties for 3 years.

Special instructions

Wikipedia states that vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is an organic compound related to glucose. Its benefits for human body is huge - the vitamin functions as a coenzyme of the series metabolic processes, antioxidant and reducing agent.

According to the International Pharmacopoeia, the substance appears as a crystalline powder, almost white or white with a sour taste. Easily soluble in water, soluble in ethanol (approximately 750 g/l) TS, practically insoluble in other organic solvents, the powder is practically insoluble. Belongs to the category of antiscorbutic drugs.

Vitamin C in solution it quickly collapses when exposed to air; Even in a light-protected place, it gradually collapses in a humid atmosphere. The rate of destruction increases with increasing temperature.

Ascorbic acid is present in all tissues higher plants and animals. Man, unlike most animals, in the process of evolution due to mutation, lost the ability to independently synthesize vitamin C , and receives it exclusively from food.

OKPD code for ascorbic acid ( vitamin C ) - 24.41.51.180. For the food industry, the substance is obtained in accordance with GOST 4815-76.

Quantitative determination of a substance

Methods quantification A.k. based on its pronounced restorative properties.

The simplest, most objective and accurate method is the determination method based on the ability of A.K. reduce ferric ions into ferrous ions.

The amount of Fe2+ ions formed is equimolar to the amount of A.c. in the analyzed sample (the minimum amount of A.C. in the sample is 10 nmol) and is determined by the color reaction with potassium iron sulfide.

What is ascorbic acid needed for?

The substance participates in the processes of biotransformation of other , education , as well as education and exchange And norepinephrine in the medulla adrenal glands , supplies hydrogen for the formation of nuclear DNA, reduces the body’s need for B vitamins , increases the body’s immunobiological resistance, affects activity leukocytes ; improving the absorption of Fe, thereby enhancing the synthesis hemoglobin and maturation red blood cells , neutralizes toxins released by pathogenic microflora, accelerates wound healing and postoperative sutures and healing of fractures.

Ascorbic acid in urine is an important indicator of the health of the body. Small quantity vitamin C in urine may indicate malfunction internal organs or development tumor process. Elevated concentrations of ascorbic acid may indicate an unbalanced diet and the likelihood of kidney stones.

Daily excretion rate vitamin C urine - 0.03 g. When diagnosing this indicator, we can conclude that the person receives sufficient quantity ascorbic acid, and his body works optimally.

How many calories are in ascorbic acid?

100 grams of product contains 0.1 g of fat, 0.1 g of protein and 95.78 g of carbohydrates. This amount of carbohydrates allows you to compensate for more than a third (namely 35%*) of your daily requirement for them.

*average value is given nutritional value products from different sources. Data may vary depending on the origin of the product. The value is given for a diet that involves consuming 2 thousand kcal per day.

Calorie content of 100 grams of product is 970 kJ or 231.73 kcal.

Why is ascorbic acid useful in cosmetology?

In cosmetology, ascorbic acid is used in preparations that slow down aging, restore protective functions and healing accelerating agents.

The easiest way to use vitamin C for hair - add powder (crushed tablet) or solution to a single portion of shampoo or hair mask. Ascorbic acid should be added to care products immediately before use.

Such simple procedures can restore hair structure, prevent hair loss, and make hair soft and shiny.

For the face, ascorbic acid is most often used in powder. Before the procedure, the powder (or crushed tablets) is mixed with mineral water to form a thick paste. The product is applied to the face for 20 minutes and then washed off.

Daily rubbing with a solution of ascorbic acid diluted with mineral water in a 1:1 ratio is also beneficial for the face. You can also add the solution/powder to homemade masks.

How is ascorbic acid beneficial for athletes?

Vitamin C is a stimulator of anabolism muscle mass, which makes it appropriate to use it in bodybuilding. In addition, scientists were able to prove that by suppressing the process of peroxidation and secretion cortisol he also provides anti-catabolic effect . Thus, the reception vitamin C before training will protect muscles and slow down protein breakdown.

Upon completion of the course anabolic steroids ascorbic acid is taken as a component of PCT (post-cycle therapy).

Ascorbic acid to induce menstruation

High doses vitamin C prevent entry progesterone into the uterus, so Ascorbic acid is often taken when menstruation is late.

However, doctors do not advise abusing this method. Firstly, repeated use of ascorbic acid can cause problems with the gastrointestinal tract. Secondly, taking pills can make it difficult to diagnose the causes of the failure menstrual cycle and further treatment.

Precautions

Too rapid intravenous administration of ascorbic acid solution should be avoided. If long-term use of the drug is necessary, monitoring of blood pressure, renal function, and glucose levels is necessary.

Ascorbic acid alters laboratory test results.

Analogs

Additiva Vitamin C , Asvitol , Ascovit , Vitamin C , Vitamin C-injectopas , Rostvit , Setebe 500 , Cevicap , Celascon Vitamin C , Citravit , (+ Ascorbic acid).

For weight loss

Ascorbic acid does not reduce the amount subcutaneous fat and cannot eliminate the consequences unbalanced diet and a sedentary lifestyle, so using it as an independent means for losing weight is not advisable.

However, vitamin C is by no means an unnecessary addition to the diet of those losing weight, because it helps strengthen the immune system and improve overall well-being when chronic diseases and more rapid recovery muscles after physical activity.

Can pregnant women take ascorbic acid?

The minimum requirement for ascorbic acid during pregnancy is approximately 0.06 g/day. (in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters). It is important to consider that the fetus can adapt to increased doses taken by a woman. vitamin C . The consequence of this may be withdrawal syndrome in the newborn.

In accordance with the FDA classification, injectable forms of ascorbic acid belong to group C on the scale of possible risks to the fetus. The administration of the solution can be prescribed to a pregnant woman only if absolutely necessary.

Use of high doses vitamin C for intravenous administration during pregnancy can cause miscarriage.

The minimum requirement during breastfeeding is 0.08 g/day. Theoretically, there are certain risks for the child when a nursing woman uses too high doses vitamin C .

All mothers know about the benefits of vitamin C, so attention is paid to its entry into the child’s body from birth, creating a rational menu for the baby. If it is not possible to provide the child with a sufficient amount of ascorbic acid in food, they resort to vitamin supplements. From what age is it permissible to give pharmaceutical drugs with vitamin C to prevent its deficiency and for what diseases they are needed childhood?

Release form

Ascorbic acid is produced:

In tablets. These round tablets may be white, pink, orange or another color depending on the composition. They include 25 mg or 100 mg of ascorbic acid, but also produce a preparation with 50 mg, 75 mg, 300 mg or 500 mg of this vitamin compound. One pack contains 10, 50 or 100 tablets.
In jelly beans. Often these are small spherical vitamins yellow. Each tablet contains 50 mg of vitamin. One package contains 50, 100, 150 or 200 tablets.
In ampoules. This form of ascorbic acid is intended for injection into a vein or intramuscular injections. This is a 5% or 10% transparent solution, bottled in 1 or 2 ml ampoules. One package includes 5 or 10 ampoules.
In powder. A solution is prepared from it, which must be taken orally. The powder is colorless or white crystals that have no odor. It is packaged in bags of 1 or 2.5 g. One pack contains from 5 to 100 such bags.

Ascorbic acid is available in various flavors and is very popular with children.

Compound

The powder form contains only ascorbic acid. In addition to the main substance, tablets and dragees may contain sucrose, wax, calcium stearate, dye, dextrose, starch, lactose, talc, crospovidone and other auxiliary ingredients. IN injection form in addition to vitamin C, water, sodium sulfite and bicarbonate, cysteine, and disodium edetate may be present.

Operating principle

Once in the body, ascorbic acid has the following effect:

Normalizes the permeability of small vessels.
Protects cells and tissues from toxic substances (antioxidant effect).
Strengthens the defenses, preventing viral infections and colds by activating the formation of antibodies and interferon.
Helps absorb glucose.
Has a positive effect on liver functions.
Regulates blood clotting.
Accelerates skin healing in case of damage.
Participates in the formation of collagen.
Helps absorb iron and folic acid.
Activates digestive enzymes, improves bile secretion, pancreas and thyroid function.
Reduces the manifestations of allergies and inflammation by inhibiting the formation of mediators involved in these pathological processes.

How vitamin C affects the body and what are the indications and contraindications for the use of ascorbic acid - see short video:

Indications

If his diet is unbalanced and there is a risk of hypovitaminosis.
During active growth child's body.
To prevent ARVI. This reason is relevant in autumn, during winter cold and early spring.
If the child has increased emotional or physical stress.
If your baby is recovering from injury or surgery.

WITH therapeutic purpose Vitamin C preparations are prescribed:

With diagnosed hypovitaminosis C.
With hemorrhagic diathesis.
For nosebleeds and other bleeding.
At infectious diseases or intoxication.
With excessive use of iron supplements for a long time.
For acute radiation sickness.
For anemia.
For liver pathologies.
For colitis, peptic ulcer, enteritis or achylia.
For cholecystitis.
With sluggish healing of burns, ulcers or wounds on the skin.
For bone fractures.
With dystrophy.
For helminthiasis.
For chronic dermatoses and some other skin diseases.

At what age can it be given?

Give medications with ascorbic acid one year old child it is forbidden. Tablets containing 25 mg of ascorbic acid are prescribed from 3 years of age. Dragees containing the vitamin in a dose of 50 mg are prescribed for children over 5 years of age.

Such age restrictions associated with difficulty swallowing the drug in early age, as well as the risk of inhaling the pills. If necessary, your doctor can prescribe vitamin C earlier, but you should not do this on your own. Even when the child is already 3 years old or older, you should consult your pediatrician about the use of such a vitamin.

Contraindications

Instructions for use prohibit ascorbic acid in the following cases:

If the patient has an intolerance to such a vitamin.
If there is a tendency to thrombosis or thrombophlebitis is detected.
If the child has diabetes (for forms with sugar).
If the blood test showed too high level hemoglobin.
If a young patient is diagnosed with severe renal pathology.

Child less than a year old cannot take vitamin C in the form of tablets and dragees

Side effects

Sometimes a child’s body reacts to taking ascorbic acid with an allergy. These are often skin changes that manifest themselves as redness, itching, and rashes.

Treatment with vitamin C may also lead to:

Thrombocytosis, erythropenia, leukocytosis due to neutrophils.
Weakness and dizziness (if injected into a vein too quickly).
Diarrhea (at high dosage).
Nausea or vomiting.
Damage to tooth enamel (with prolonged absorption in the mouth).
Fluid and sodium retention.
Formation of oxalate stones in the urinary tract (with long-term use of high doses).
Disruption of metabolic processes.
Kidney damage.
Pain at the injection site (if administered intramuscularly).

Sometimes children develop an allergy to vitamin C, which manifests itself as rashes on various parts of the body.

Instructions for use and dosage

Ascorbic acid tablets with glucose or dragees are offered to the child after eating.
Prophylactic dose for children 3-10 years old it is represented by 1 tablet containing 25 mg of vitamin, and over the age of ten years this daily dosage is increased to two tablets (50 mg per day).
Treatment dose is 2 tablets of 25 mg of ascorbic acid per day under the age of 10 years (daily dosage 50 mg) and three to four tablets of the drug over the age of 10 years (daily dosage 75-100 mg).
It is recommended to take ascorbic acid prophylactically from two weeks to two months. The duration of the treatment course is determined by the doctor.
If dosage active substance Each tablet contains 100 mg, then this ascorbic acid is given in a dose of 1/2 tablet per day to children over 6 years of age.
Dragees are given for prevention to children over five years old, 1 piece per day, and for treatment - 1-2 dragees up to 3 times a day.
Only a doctor should prescribe Ascorbic acid in injections to children. Daily dosage is 1-2 ml of the drug, but a more precise dose, route of administration and duration of therapy should be determined by a specialist, taking into account the disease in a particular child.

Overdose

Since ascorbic acid is a water-soluble compound, hypervitaminosis does not develop with an excessive dosage of this vitamin. However, it is unnecessary high doses Such substances can damage the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines, which leads to abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, vomiting and other negative symptoms.

Also, poisoning with a very large amount of vitamin C is manifested by weakness, sweating, hot flashes, insomnia, and headaches. In addition, an excess of this substance will reduce capillary permeability, which will impair tissue nutrition, increase blood pressure and can lead to hypercoagulation.

To prevent ascorbic acid from causing illness, you should be aware of the maximum recommended dosages of this vitamin:

For children under 3 years old this is 400 mg per day.
For a child aged 4 to 8 years maximum dose per day is called 600 mg.
For children 9 to 13 years of age, dosage should not exceed 1200 mg per day.
At the age of over 14 years, the permissible maximum of ascorbic acid per day is 1800 mg of this vitamin.

Look educational video, which tells what can happen if you allow excess vitamin C in the body:

Interaction with other drugs

The use of ascorbic acid will increase the blood levels of penicillin and tetracycline antibiotics, as well as salicylates.
At joint reception vitamin C and acetylsalicylic acid Ascorbic acid absorption deteriorates. The same effect is observed if you drink ascorbic acid with an alkaline liquid or fresh juice.
Simultaneous use with anticoagulants will reduce their therapeutic effect.
Taking vitamin C together with iron supplements promotes better absorption of Fe in the intestines. If you prescribe ascorbic acid and deferoxamine, iron toxicity will increase, which will negatively affect the heart and its function.
It is not recommended to mix the injection form of vitamin C in the same syringe with any medications, since many drugs react chemically with ascorbic acid.
With simultaneous treatment with barbiturates, the excretion of ascorbic acid in the urine increases.

Terms of sale

You do not need a prescription to purchase Ascorbic Acid in pharmacies. The price of 10 ampoules of 2 ml with a 5% solution of ascorbic acid is about 40 rubles. A jar of 50 mg tablets of vitamin C costs 20-25 rubles, and a package of 25 mg tablets, which contain glucose, costs about 10-20 rubles.

Ascorbic acid can be bought not only at the pharmacy, but also often at the checkout in the supermarket

Storage conditions and shelf life

The place where you need to place Ascorbic acid for better preservation should not be very humid, hot or lit. In addition, you need to keep the drug where small children cannot reach it.

The shelf life of tablets with ascorbic acid is 1-3 years. different manufacturers, 5% solution for injections is stored for up to a year, 10% solution and pills - 18 months from the date of release.

Reviews

Parents generally speak well about ascorbic acid preparations. Sweet ascorbic acid is liked by children and is considered by most adults to be a useful supplement, especially during the cold season. Moms are attracted by the ability of this medicine to prevent ARVI, strengthen the immune system and blood vessels. In their reviews, they also praise Ascorbic acid for its pleasant taste, low cost and availability in pharmacies.

Most reviews do not mention any disadvantages of this drug. Only in some children Ascorbic acid causes allergies, but larger number Young patients tolerate the drug well.

Analogs

Ascorbic acid for children in tablets, dragees or injection form can be replaced with other drugs that can compensate for the lack of vitamin C or prevent hypovitaminosis. These include:

Asvitol. The drug is presented with vitamin C in tablets (25-50 mg each) and chewable tablets(200 mg).
Ascovit. This vitamin C is produced in powder (packaged in 1 g bags), from which a drink with green tea and hibiscus flavor or orange flavor is prepared. This drug is also available in effervescent tablets of 500 or 1000 mg of ascorbic acid with orange and lemon flavor.

A sufficient supply of vitamins to the child’s body is very important for the full development of the child. Among these substances, vitamin C, also called “ascorbic acid,” is considered one of the most important. Why is such a vitamin valuable for children, what is the norm for vitamin C consumption in childhood, and is it possible to obtain such a compound not only from food, but also from vitamin supplements?

The importance of vitamin C for children's bodies

Most known property This vitamin is its effect on the immunity of children.

If the intake of ascorbic acid into the baby’s body is sufficient, this will reduce the incidence of diseases and help the baby resist illness during the season of colds and viral infections.

Others valuable properties Vitamin C can be called:

Acceleration of wound healing. This vitamin helps you recover faster postoperative period or after burns.
Improving the condition of blood vessels, in particular, normalizing capillary permeability. This determines the value of ascorbic acid for frequent bleeding.
Protecting cells from toxic substances and harmful compounds. Thanks to its antioxidant effect, vitamin C can even protect against cancer.
Participation in the synthesis of collagen, a protein that is part of the structure of skin, cartilage and bones.
Participation in the absorption of iron and vitamin B9. Since vitamin C is important for hematopoiesis, a sufficient amount of it in daily diet relevant after blood loss or injury.
Regulation of the blood clotting process.
Influences the synthesis of adrenaline, which improves children's mood and reduces stress levels.
Positive Impact on digestive tract thanks to the activation digestive enzymes. In addition, ascorbic acid has a slight laxative effect.

Vitamin C Plays big role in the making children's immunity

Needs at different ages

The daily dose of ascorbic acid depends on the age of the child. Children should receive vitamin C daily in the following amounts:

In case of illness or signs of ascorbic acid deficiency that have already appeared, daily dosages are increased, but should not exceed the following indicators:

How older child, those more vitamin C should be in his diet

What products contain

Vitamin C is a water-soluble compound that is not produced in the human body. That is why ascorbic acid must be present in the food that a child eats, because food is the main source of this vitamin.

A lot of ascorbic acid is found in:

Rose hips.
Currants.
Sweet pepper.
Spinach.
Strawberries.
Gooseberries.
Sea buckthorn.
Kiwi.
Cabbage.
Green peas.
Citrus fruits.
Pineapple.
Potatoes.
Cherry.

Vitamin C is found in large quantities in berries and fruits

It is important to remember that during long-term storage, some of the vitamin C is destroyed. This vitamin is poorly tolerated and high temperatures, which makes it important to eat fresh fruits and vegetables.

For more information about what foods should be included in your diet to provide yourself with vitamin C, see the program “Live Healthy.”

Vitamin C deficiency - symptoms

If the food a child eats contains too little ascorbic acid, then a deficiency of this vitamin in the body will manifest itself:

Quick fatigue during games.
Falling asleep earlier and sleeping longer.
Pale skin.
Bleeding gums.
The appearance of nosebleeds.
Decreased appetite.
Frequent viral infections.
Blueness of the skin around the nose, ears or lips.

Long-term lack of vitamin C can lead to serious consequences, for example, the formation of pinpoint subcutaneous hemorrhages and the development of scurvy. A doctor should prescribe vitamin C in such situations, selecting a therapeutic dosage.

Vitamin C supplements

Preparations containing vitamin C are especially relevant at a time when there are fewer fresh vegetables or fruits in the children's diet or the concentration of ascorbic acid in them decreases due to long storage. This period is usually winter and early spring.

Vitamin C supplements include:

Single-component. In such preparations, ascorbic acid is the main component. These include vitamin C in dragees or tablets, combined with carbohydrates (glucose, dextrose) for better absorption.

Also popular effervescent tablets, from which a vitamin drink is prepared.

Multicomponent. Such drugs include multivitamin complexes, including vitamin C as one of its many ingredients. A child can get ascorbic acid from such popular poly vitamin complexes, like Multi-tabs, Alphabet, Pikovit, Sana-Sol, Nature’s Plus, Solgar, Biovital gel, Vitamishki, Vitrum and many others.

Doctors' opinions on the need to introduce vitamin complexes into a child's diet differ. Thus, the famous doctor Komarovsky is against such additives, but the Union of Pediatricians of Russia is for it. See the following videos for more details.

Indications

With an unbalanced diet.
During the period of active growth of the child.
During the winter-autumn period.
At increased loads, both physical and emotional.
During the recovery period after surgery or injury.
With hemorrhagic diathesis.
For the prevention of colds.

Contraindications

It is not recommended to take vitamin C supplements if:

Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.
Tendency to develop blood clots.
Elevated level hemoglobin.
Thrombophlebitis.
Diabetes mellitus.
Serious illnesses kidney

Instructions for use of ascorbic acid

Most often, for the prevention of hypovitaminosis C in childhood, sweet tablets are chosen, in which ascorbic acid is combined with glucose. These white round tablets are familiar to every adult. Each tablet contains 25 mg of vitamin C. Here is what is important to know if you want to give ascorbic acid in this form to your child:

The supplement is recommended to be given to children no earlier than 3 years of age.
This vitamin C is offered to children after meals.
Children under 10 years of age are given 1 tablet per day, and children over 10 years of age are given 2 tablets daily.
Duration prophylactic intake ascorbic acid is from 2 to 8 weeks.
For therapeutic purposes, such ascorbic acid is prescribed in double dosage - 2 tablets daily for children 3-10 years old and 3-4 tablets for children 11 years old and older.

A child’s body, which has not yet become stronger, needs ascorbic acid for normal height and development. The organic compound contains an L-isomer called vitamin C, and its deficiency is known to sometimes lead to unwanted complications with the child's health. The body does not produce vitamin C on its own; the need for it is satisfied by consuming foods. It is best absorbed by eating fresh vegetables and fruits. In summer, such products are available, and in winter, its deficiency can be compensated by using pharmaceuticals.

The first place among vitamin-containing products is occupied by rose hips, surpassing even citrus fruits. In second place after rose hips can be called kiwi, and in third place is sweet bell pepper. Of the available products, these three are the leaders.

Based on the amount of vitamin C, you can rank products:

Citrus fruit;
Black and red currants;
Strawberries and strawberries;
Rowan berries, but given their bitterness, the child most likely will not like them;
Fresh green peas, canned are not included in this list;
Onions and green onions;
Fresh cabbage, especially red cabbage;
Fresh apples.

In summer, vegetables and fruits are easy to get, so give your child only fresh foods, since heat treatment destroys the vitamin. Prolonged stay in the refrigerator, especially in the freezer, does not have a beneficial effect on ascorbic acid. Therefore, vitamin C is practically absent in frozen berries and fruits. Children under six years old are recommended to prepare puree from fresh fruits and vegetables with a high content of ascorbic acid. Various mixtures are well received by children, such as apple and strawberry puree.

Allergic reactions are possible in young children. Therefore, it is better to introduce foods containing vitamin C gradually, observing the reaction of the child’s body.

Provide for children fresh products more difficult in the second half of winter and early spring. But precisely in winter period vitamin C is necessary for the normal well-being and growth of children, since it affects many metabolic processes, and also protects against colds.

If there is a lack of vitamin C in a child’s body, it is possible:

The appearance of drowsiness and rapid fatigue;
Frequent infectious and colds;
Bleeding gums;
Blue skin areas;
Unusual pallor and weakness.

In winter, when there is a lack of fresh plant products you can use different vitamin preparations, purchased in pharmacies, for example, safe for children ascorbic acid with glucose in tablets. Glucose serves as a source of energy, and the child likes moderately sweetened tablets more.

If children are given vitamin C regularly and in the right doses, then intensifies general activities immune system, and pathogenic microbes, viruses and bacteria have a less active effect on their body.

Instructions for use recommend: the daily dose should not exceed the age requirement. If your child has taken a large dose of the vitamin, give him more non-sweet drinks. In this case, there is no need to worry; one-time use in large quantities does not threaten anything serious. Acid does not accumulate in the body; in the most severe cases, temporary irritation of the gastric mucosa may occur, allergic reaction according to the type of urticaria.

Instructions for use

At what age are children given medications containing ascorbic acid? The use of vitamin preparations is recommended in cases of: infectious diseases, hypovitaminosis and avitaminosis, diathesis, as well as under increased stress, for the prevention of respiratory diseases and for general strengthening of the body.

According to the instructions for children, depending on age, you can take the following dosage:

Up to 6 months, no more than 30 mg of vitamin C per day;
From six months to a year, no more than 35 mg per day;
From one to three years, no more than 40 mg;
From three to ten – 45 mg;
After ten years - 50 mg.

It is best to take the drug after a meal, since it is absorbed faster with food.

How to take vitamin C supplements?

The drugs are available in the form of tablets, dragees, syrups and injections. It is better not to give pellets to children from one to five years of age, as there is a danger of a small ball getting into the respiratory tract. You can give children's multivitamin syrups. They are very well absorbed by the child's body, allergies and adverse reactions do not occur.

In an alkaline environment, acid is destroyed, so do not allow children to take medications containing vitamin C with mineral water or juices.

It is considered very useful combination ascorbic acid with glucose. They take an active part in metabolic processes. They are even somewhat similar in their own way chemical composition. From 6 to 14 years of age, you can take 50 grams of the drug per day, and up to 18 years, 75 grams. But for children under 6 years of age, this combination is recommended only in case of illness or with severely reduced immunity.

If you need to donate blood for analysis, be sure to warn doctors about taking vitamin C in combination with glucose, since the results may be distorted when taking it.

When purchasing vitamin preparations in pharmacies, carefully study the attached instructions. Remember that your child will be taking these medications. It will be better if a pediatrician recommends a complex of vitamins. When taking vitamins, it is very important not to regularly overdose, as this can affect the functioning of the liver and pancreas.

Contraindications

Ascorbic acid is contraindicated in thrombophlebitis and a tendency to thrombosis, in cases of diabetes mellitus, in case of kidney damage. Vitamin C increases the ability to absorb iron compounds, therefore, when increased hemoglobin There is no need to give your child additional vitamin supplements. There is also no need to use ascorbic acid with a tetracycline group. There are no other contraindications, except in cases where there is an individual reaction to the drug and an allergy to products with vitamin C.