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Mineral complexes with calcium and magnesium. Vitamins potassium, calcium, magnesium: what is the power of vitamin-mineral complexes

The popular pharmaceutical phrase “vitamin-mineral complexes” has become firmly established in ordinary life modern people. The drugs are prescribed for the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular, nervous, musculoskeletal system, and for many acute and chronic ailments. Necessary for a person daily in large quantities: calcium, potassium, magnesium are found in every cell of the body. The reserves of macroelements in tissues and blood plasma must be constantly replenished through food or pharmaceuticals.

Why does the human body need potassium, magnesium and calcium?

Mineral salts are part of active metal-containing organic compounds- enzymes and vitamins. The chemical complex calciferol is antirachitic.

Magnesium is known to have:

pronounced anti-inflammatory effect
participates in the transmission of cardiac impulses, restores normal rhythm; in case of its deficiency, arrhythmia develops
an aqueous solution of magnesium stops the loss of ATP molecules by cells as energy sources

At the same time takes part:

in maintaining the balance of the functions of the nervous system, in transmitting oxygen and impulses to neurons (cells) of the brain
together with magnesium in acid-base balance and water-salt metabolism
potassium salts increase urination

And the one we need is capable of the following:

stop bleeding, normalize blood clotting, enhance the effect of vitamin K
be a support and building material For connective tissue(bones), nails, teeth, help absorb vitamin D
participate in transportation nutrients through the cell membrane (shell)

The power of metals lies in their fruitful collaboration. Magnesium helps absorb calcium, and potassium enhances the effect of the former. Depriving the body of the magnificent trio of chemical elements leads the metabolism to an unfavorable destructive direction - increased nervousness, the occurrence and development of diseases of the heart and joints.

An excess of elements is as dangerous as their deficiency.

Too much intake of vitamin-mineral complexes into the body is fraught with complications. Excess of organometallic substances and hypervitaminosis leads to disruption of metabolic processes. Set the excess factor to internal environment one or another chemical compound within the competence of a physician based on the results of a biochemical blood test. When magnesium exceeds more than 2.5 mmol/l, changes are noticeable on the cardiac cardiogram.

Typical reasons for the accumulation of metals in the body are the presence of the following pathologies:

hormonal imbalances endocrine system(for diabetes mellitus, thyroid dysfunction)
drug intoxication
malignant tumors

The main part of unnecessary substances is eliminated from the body through the organs of the urinary system. With her diseases (pyelonephritis, kidney stones), the normal course of events is disrupted. IN serious cases, for chronic renal failure, it is advisable to prescribe a hemodialysis procedure.

Potassium and magnesium preparations for the heart and blood vessels

Asparkam. Cardiologists prescribe a combination drug for coronary insufficiency and arrhythmias. The medicine contains salts - potassium and magnesium aspartates. With treatment there is a decrease oxygen starvation cells muscle tissue hearts.

The drug is dangerous to use when:

initially elevated level potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia)
acute and renal failure
in combination with atrioventricular blockade

The drug is available in the form of tablets and solution for injection. During an exacerbation of the disease in adults, they are prescribed to take 2 tablets 3 times a day for 2 weeks. Then the same period is allocated for taking 1 tablet. A week break is taken, and the monthly course of treatment with Asparkam is repeated, if necessary. More often when intravenous administration patients report side symptoms (nausea and vomiting).

Panangin. In terms of composition, release form and contraindications for use, the medicine is an analogue of Asparkam.

significantly improve metabolism in the heart muscle
fight arrhythmia
help the absorption of other cardiac drugs used in parallel by cardiac patients

With absence side effects and control over the level of potassium in the blood Panangin is often prescribed 1 tablet 3 times a day for preventive purposes to pregnant and lactating women.

Magnesium preparations

Magnerot. The active ingredient in the synthetic tablet preparation is magnesium orotate.

Doctors prescribe it:

in order to compensate for the lack of magnesium in the body
in case of lipid (fat) metabolism disorders

The treatment is long - almost 2 months, and takes place in two stages. From the beginning of the course, during the first week, take 2 tablets three times a day. Then 6 weeks - 1 tablet, possibly twice a day. Magnerot is approved for use by chronic alcoholics and during pregnancy.

Magne B6. The combination drug contains magnesium lactate and pyridoxine hydrochloride (a B vitamin). Available form: tablets and ampoules with injection solution. Oral administration accompanied inside with a sufficiently large amount of water - 1 glass (200 ml).

Contraindications for the use of Magne B6 include:

hypersensitivity to the drug
renal failure
intestinal dysfunction (tendency to diarrhea, with abdominal pain)

Magnesium and potassium for seizures

Neuromuscular disorders in the form of painful muscle twitching are a pronounced symptom of potassium deficiency in the body. Cramps occur when dehydrated due to:

diarrhea, vomiting
taking laxatives or diuretics
colon cleansing with enemas
fasting

Kalinor. Effervescent tablets contain potassium salts (citrate, bicarbonate) and citric acid. When taken orally, the product must be dissolved in a glass of water and drunk in small sips for 15 minutes. You should not take more than 1 tablet at a time, and more than 3 tablets per day. The doctor prescribes a course of treatment, the duration of which varies from several days or weeks. The acid that is part of Kalinor can provoke allergic reactions in the patient. In case of persistent dehydration of the body, the drug is not prescribed.

Expectant mothers nursing infants Women are often worried about anemia. Fills up the deficiency minerals and vitamins, the proven Materna complex. The pharmaceutical preparation contains 25 mg of magnesium. The calculated dose is not dangerous to the baby's health. Even if the woman consumes foods rich in magnesium. In addition, the medicine contains wide range vitamins, iodine, organic acids, iron and calcium. As well as trace elements: copper, manganese, zinc, chromium, molybdenum. Taken vitamin mineral complex Materna 1 tablet per day.

Potassium, calcium and magnesium preparations

The pharmaceutical industry offers a wide range of similar medicines containing combinations of macroelements and vitamins.

Berocca calcium + magnesium. Coated and effervescent tablets contain 100 mg of magnesium and calcium. The drug, due to its medicinal properties, is also aimed at ensuring the full development of teeth and bone tissue.

The doctor prescribes a multivitamin and mineral complex during the period:

children's body growth
long-term illnesses
before and after chemotherapy
treatment of polyneuritis (alcoholic)

And lactating women will benefit from the drug only if:

control over biochemical indicators blood
no allergic reactions to components
severe diseases of the urinary system

Makrovit. Contains nicotinamide, vitamins A, E, C, D, group B and calcium pantothenate. Release form: lozenges that dissolve in the mouth. Children over 10 years of age and adults are prescribed up to 3 lozenges per day. The drug is recommended for active people who play sports and do not have the opportunity to eat a regular, varied diet. Macrovit, if the specified dosage is observed, has no side effects or contraindications for use by pregnant and lactating women.

They compensate by prescribing medications in tablets, food supplements, and vitamins. A significant lack of macronutrients is compensated with the help of medications. To prevent nutrient deficiency in the body, take nutritional supplements, vitamins with potassium, salt substitutes.

Potassium loss can be compensated by reducing table salt(NaCl) in the diet, using salt substitutes instead of sodium chloride. Salt substitutes contain, in addition to sodium chloride, KCl, MgCl 2. Such nutritional supplements are sold not only in pharmacies, they are on the shelves of regular stores.

With frequent use of salt substitutes, it is necessary to control K in the blood because of the danger of its excess for people with diseased kidneys. People suffering from stomach ulcers, gastritis, acidosis, dehydration, cardiogenic shock, or atrioventricular heart block should not take potassium-containing vitamins and tablets.

Large doses cause a narrowing of the blood vessels of the heart, which disrupts the nutrition of the heart muscle and can trigger a heart attack. An excess of potassium is dangerous with the risk of asymptomatic instant cardiac arrest.

Taking potassium-containing drugs can cause hyperkalemia, as well as side effects such as:

irritation of the mucous membranes of the digestive tract;
ulceration of the mucous membranes, the formation of bleeding ulcers, perforations.

You cannot take drugs with K when treating with potassium-sparing diuretics Amiloride, Veroshpiron, Triampur, Eplerenone, Triampur. This may cause hyperkalemia.

Vitamins with potassium

When choosing vitamins containing potassium, you need to pay attention to the presence of magnesium in the complex. Potassium is poorly absorbed in the body when these macroelements are synergistic, enhancing each other’s effects.

Vitamins with potassium and magnesium

Name	Potassium	Magnesium	Vitamin A	For children	Pregnant	Manufacturer
Vitrum	40	100	5000	from 12	—	USA
Vitrum Plus	40	40	900	from 6 years old	Impact not studied	USA
Centrum	40	100	5000	from 12 years old	—	USA
Vitalux	40	100	7500	from 3 years old	—	Italy
Vitrum Centuri	80	100	6000	—	—	USA
	300	300	—	from 12 years old	—	Germany
Teravit	7,5	100	4000	—	—	USA
Teravit antistress	80	40	1500	from 18 years old	—	USA

Children over 12 years of age are allowed Kudesan vitamins with magnesium and potassium. This complex includes:

ubiquinone – 7.5 mg;
250 mg magnesium aspartate, corresponding to 16 mg elemental magnesium;
450 mg potassium aspartate or 97 mg elemental K.

The presence of ubiquinone (coenzyme Q10) in Kudesan is especially important for children during the off-season, when the risk increases colds, flu. The positive effect of using Kudesan is observed in children suffering from cardiomyopathies and tachyarrhythmias.

Vitamins with potassium and magnesium, which contain high concentrations of vitamin A, are not suitable for women during pregnancy due to the teratogenic effect of this vitamin on the fetus.

The Teravit anti-stress given in the table, although it contains less than the daily requirement of vitamin A, is not suitable for pregnant women due to the presence of ginseng extract and other components in its composition that can cause side effects such as increased blood pressure, insomnia, and tachycardia.

Kvadevit vitamins contain a small dose of K (0.02 mg KCL or 10.5 mg in terms of elemental K). This complex contains the essential amino acid glutamine, which is involved in the energy supply of the brain, which makes the complex useful for older people.

The presence of potassium in Kvadevit contributes to normalization neuromuscular transmission, work of the nervous system, contractility heart muscle.

Medicines with potassium

Medicines containing potassium are available in the form of:

solutions, soluble tablets;
tablets (capsules) of prolonged action;
enteric tablets.

Taking medications in the form of liquids is safer for the intestinal and stomach mucosa. Soluble tablets Before taking, you need to dilute with water or juice and drink in small sips for 5-10 minutes.

A spray containing potassium in ionized form Ionic Kalium (Finland) is available in a convenient form for use and safe for the gastric mucosa. The spray is administered under the tongue, where potassium ions are directly absorbed into the mucous membrane. This allows potassium ions to enter the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive tract.

Tablets, capsules, chewable lozenges containing potassium, when taken continuously, irritate the mucous membranes digestive system, contribute to the occurrence of stomach ulcers.

A more gentle form for the stomach is coated tablets that dissolve in the intestines. However, there is a risk of decomposition of the lining in the stomach, and cases of gastric bleeding have been reported.

Enteric tablets containing K include potassium Normin retard tablets (Hungary). They slowly dissolve layer by layer in digestive tract without creating increased load on the gastric mucosa.

Macroelement K is contained in the drug Potassium Orotate, which is used for protein metabolism disorders to stimulate protein synthesis. The use of potassium orotate provides acceleration of metabolism and an increase, although not too significant, in muscle mass.

To replenish the loss of macronutrients caused by taking diuretic potassium-sparing drugs - Furosemide, Ethacrynic acid, Dicarb, Torsemide, Panangin is predominantly prescribed. This drug is effective for cardiac arrhythmia caused by nutrient deficiency, treatment with cardiac glycosides.

An analogue of Panangin, containing potassium and magnesium in high concentrations, are Panangin Forte tablets. K and Mg are contained in high concentrations in the preparations Asparkam, Pamaton, Asparkad, Aspariginate, Orocamag.

Name	Potassium	Magnesium	For children	Pregnant	Manufacturer
Potassium-Normin	KCl - 524.44	—	from 18 years old	—	Hungary
Panangin	Potassium aspartate – 158	Magnesium aspartate – 140	allowed	except 1st trimester, 2-3rd trimester with caution	Hungary
Panangin Forte	Potassium aspartate – 316	Magnesium aspartate – 280	from 18 years old	except for the 1st trimester, 2-3 trimester under the supervision of a doctor	Hungary
Asparkam	Potassium aspartate – 175	Magnesium aspartate – 175	allowed	carefully	Russia
Pamaton	Potassium aspartate 166	Magnesium aspartate 175	—	prohibited in 1st trimester	Moldova
Potassium orotate	Potassium orotate – 500	—	allowed	carefully	Russia
Orocamage	Potassium orotate – 250	Magnesium orotate – 250	from 18 years old	—	Russia

Most high concentration macroelement K in the drug Potassium-Normin, this drug cannot be used for prevention.

It is used only for the treatment of hypokalemia at a dosage indicated by the doctor, under constant control K content in the blood. This is explained by the severity of possible side effects, among which is cardiac arrest, which can occur asymptomatically and instantly.

Oksana Skitalinskaya, nutritionist, vice-president of the Association of Dietitians of Ukraine Expert NUTRILITE™

Calcium is one of the most abundant macronutrients in the human body. It gives strength to bones and teeth, which are 99% calcium and affects the permeability of cell membranes, muscle contraction, blood clotting, enzyme secretion, intestinal motility, work endocrine glands, reducing inflammation and allergy symptoms. It is important to know that calcium is better absorbed in the presence of magnesium and vitamin D, and its role in the life of the body is colossal.

Protection against osteoporosis

We often hear the word “osteoporosis”, but while we are young, we do not attach it to it. special significance. Osteoporosis is a disease that every woman should know about, since the fair sex suffers from it three times more often than men. Osteoporosis is diagnosed in every third woman in the world after 45 years of age. In addition, it affects unnoticed and can lead to disability. Today in Ukraine, 2.5 million women and 900 thousand men suffer from osteoporosis, 50% of them become disabled as a result of the disease, 20% die from complications of this disease. The risk group includes people over 50 years of age, but the risk of osteoporosis is observed in almost a third of children and adolescents aged 5-16 years. The most common causes of the disease: calcium deficiency in food, hormonal imbalance, lack of physical activity.

Prevention from childhood

You need to know that the prerequisites for the development of osteoporosis are already formed in children, adolescents and young adults. The period of accumulation of bone mass occurs at the age of 11-15 years, therefore, sufficient intake of calcium and vitamin D into the body, as well as physical exercise. Largest quantity bone mass accumulates in prepubertal and puberty, and if at this age the child receives unbalanced diet and low physical activity, the formation of bone mass will be impaired, which in the future will lead to a high risk of developing osteoporosis and related complications. In this regard, children and adolescents are one of the key categories that need to be paid attention in the context of osteoporosis prevention.

Particular attention – women over 45 years old

Another category of the population vulnerable to osteoporosis is pre- and postmenopausal women. Deficiency of female sex hormones in postmenopause contributes to accelerated bone loss. Therefore, almost every Ukrainian woman becomes approximately 7 cm shorter in height 20 years after menopause. In fact, at the age of 60-69, only about 11% of women have normal weight bone tissue, the rest are diagnosed with osteopenia (deficiency) or osteoporosis of varying severity.

"Conductor" is vital necessary functions body

Calcium is not only strong bones and teeth. This is a macronutrient that is most abundant in the human body. Calcium is essential for transmission nerve impulses. With calcium deficiency, a person becomes nervous and mood worsens.

In women, calcium levels in the blood decrease in the week before menstruation and continue to decrease further during menstruation, which may cause painful uterine contractions, especially during pregnancy. adolescence. Therefore, the need for calcium in young women is increased.

Calcium takes part in blood clotting and helps seal the walls of blood vessels, preventing the penetration of allergens and viruses into cells, has anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effect, increases the body's defenses. Therefore, when immunity decreases and allergic reactions occur, it is important to remember calcium and increase its amount in the diet. Calcium normalizes the work of enzymes and hormones, facilitates the secretion of insulin by the pancreas, so the nutrition of people with hormonal disorders, including a tendency to diabetes, must contain the daily calcium intake.

Calcium affects the functioning of muscles, including the heart muscle (myocardium). Prevents nighttime painful spasms in the muscles of the lower extremities. During pregnancy, the ability of calcium to be absorbed by a woman’s body increases.

Best absorption of calcium – together with other nutrients

Calcium is a hard-to-absorb mineral and is therefore better absorbed together with magnesium, phosphorus, vitamin D, proteins and fats. It is worthwhile to dwell on the role of some of them.

Magnesium is an anti-stress mineral

Magnesium is the second most abundant mineral in the human body after calcium. Together with calcium and phosphorus, it is part of human bones and tooth enamel. Most likely, you have repeatedly heard that magnesium reduces stress, helps fight fatigue, and in people over the age of 35 reduces the likelihood of heart attacks.

Improves muscle function, helps get rid of nighttime painful spasms in the leg muscles. Magnesium has detoxifying and choleretic properties, helps cleanse the body of toxic substances and reduces the content of “bad” cholesterol. Together with vitamin B6, it prevents the formation of kidney stones. If only magnesium is missing, kidney stones more often they are phosphate (compounds of calcium with phosphorus), and if only vitamin B6 is missing, oxalate stones are formed (compounds of calcium with oxalic acid).

Magnesium deficiency occurs with diarrhea, kidney disease, treatment with diuretics, taking estrogens and contraceptives, alcohol abuse, stress, fasting, toxicosis and diabetes.
Magnesium is essential for metabolism and energy production in the body.

Modern food products exhibit a pronounced deficiency of magnesium, both as a result of technological processing and as a result of reduced absorption of magnesium from the soil by plants.

Vitamin D

Vitamin D directly affects the formation and strength of bones and teeth. Without it, neither calcium, nor magnesium, nor phosphorus can be absorbed by the body. Vitamin D is called sunshine vitamin", because it is formed in the skin under the influence of sunlight. But in cold period years, when there is little sun and most of the body is under clothing, most people become deficient in vitamin D and, accordingly, its absorption from food deteriorates.

The main sources of calcium are milk and dairy products (kefir, yogurt, hard and soft cheeses), egg yolks, leafy green vegetables (dill, parsley, onion), cabbage, figs, asparagus and sesame seeds. There is a lot of magnesium in whole grains, wholemeal bread, wheat bran, nuts, peas, beef, milk, plums, cereals and legumes.

Vitamin D is formed endogenously in the human body if exposed to the open sun or from products such as fish liver (herring, mackerel, flounder, chum salmon), caviar, yolks, sour cream and butter.

NUTRILITE™ Calcium Magnesium Vitamin D Plus

NUTRILITE™ Calcium Magnesium Vitamin D Plus contains a balanced amount of calcium carbonate from oyster shells and seaweed, magnesium oxide and vitamin D, which ensures optimal absorption and satisfaction basic need organism in these elements.

Recommended for people living in big cities, and especially in environmentally polluted areas, with a lack of sunlight, during the winter season, for those who work night shifts, older and elderly people, diabetics and vegetarians, for active sports , heavy sweating, taking diuretics.

Healthy spine - necessary condition our health. This was known in ancient times. 2.5 thousand years ago, the ancient Greek philosopher Herodotus taught: “Your health is clean air, water and food. Get up in the morning with joy, go to bed with a smile. You are happy, you smile - it means you are healthy. Don’t treat diseases, but take care of your lifestyle, live according to the laws of nature and reason. When there is no health, wisdom is silent, art cannot flourish, strength does not play, wealth is useless and the mind is powerless.”

To be healthy as you age, you need to start taking care of your health at a young age.

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Magnesium preparations: properties, when indicated, contraindications, types and uses

The most important macronutrient, without it most of the biochemical reactions occurring in the human body are impossible. Translated from Latin, “magnesium” means great, and this indicates its indispensability for the normal functioning of organs and systems.

Magnesium preparations in last years began to be widely used not only for the treatment of diseases of the heart, nervous system, digestion, and leg cramps, but also for the prevention of the most various diseases, improving well-being, reducing nervousness and increasing stress resistance.

Almost every biochemical reaction is controlled by magnesium; the synthesis of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates is not possible without it; it is part of enzymes, participates in the conduction of nerve impulses, and regulates vascular tone and muscle tone. Magnesium has sedative effect on nervous system, prevents the occurrence of seizures, reduces the severity of allergic and inflammatory reactions, promotes proper operation hemostatic and immune systems.

Figure: foods rich in magnesium (mg/100 g)

The main source of macronutrients is food, and when balanced diet There is usually enough of it, however, physical activity, stress, overwork, and an overly active lifestyle can cause an increase in the need for it, which is difficult to “cover” with nutrition.

Scientists' studies show that almost half of the world's population is deficient in magnesium varying degrees, which inevitably affects general condition health, ability to work, resistance to infections, and with severe deficiency of the element, serious diseases occur.

These data prompted the creation of drugs based on magnesium, where the latter is associated with organic or inorganic acids, other minerals or vitamins, in particular group B. It is not so easy to understand the list of drugs offered today for magnesium deficiency, but to choose a suitable, effective one and affordable - even more difficult.

Specialists come to the aid of patients who offer detailed instructions on certain drugs, and the Internet, flooded with a variety of information, sometimes from people who do not have special knowledge in the field of medicine and biochemistry. If the issue of taking magnesium has become, as they say, an issue, then it is better to entrust the choice and your health to a competent doctor who can recommend the right drug And the right dosage taking into account contraindications, which, by the way, also exist.

When and why are magnesium supplements prescribed?

Some situations or diseases can increase the need for vitamins and minerals, and deficiency can occur even when nutrition is more than adequate. These include:

Surgical interventions;
Diabetes;
Pathology of the digestive system, especially with bleeding, spasms;
Treatment with cytostatics, drugs with antacid properties;
Abuse of laxatives and diuretics;
Use of hormonal contraceptives;
Heavy sweating;
Alcoholism;
Frequent or chronic stress.

Reasons for prescribing magnesium supplements may include:

Magnesium deficiency proven through a biochemical blood test, even if there are no symptoms as such;
Symptoms of magnesium deficiency - nervousness, increased nervous excitability, spasms of the digestive system, tachycardia, weakness, muscle cramps and tingling in the muscles;
Heart pathology (with arrhythmia, myocardial infarction);
Arterial hypertension;
Convulsive syndrome, epilepsy (for children too);
Pregnancy, especially in case of increased uterine tone or threat of miscarriage, with gestosis;
As a laxative - orally for constipation;
Inflammatory changes in the biliary tract;
Poisoning with heavy metals, barium.

As you can see, the indications for the use of Mg preparations are quite diverse, which once again shows the importance of the element and its participation in many biochemical processes. It is believed that an overdose practically does not occur when taking magnesium-containing products, after all, most medications taken orally contain significantly less daily dose macronutrient, however, an overdose is still possible and has characteristic symptoms:

The disappearance of the knee reflex is the most common and earliest manifesting sign of excess magnesium;
Changes in the ECG - a decrease in heart rate, expansion of the ventricular complex, which indicates a slowdown in the conduction of impulses;
When the norm of magnesium in the blood is greatly exceeded, nausea and vomiting appear, hypotension develops, deep reflexes from the tendons disappear, double vision begins, and speech is impaired;
With severe hypermagnesemia, the respiratory center is depressed, conduction in the myocardium sharply slows down, which leads to cardiac arrest and death of the patient.

Before you start using any drug containing magnesium, you need to study the list of contraindications, although it is unlikely that you should prescribe treatment yourself without consulting a doctor. Contraindications include:

Increased individual sensitivity to any component of the drug;
Profound renal failure;
Phenylketonuria and some hereditary metabolic syndromes;
Children under 6 years of age (relative contraindication);
Myasthenia;
Dehydration, heavy sweating;
Intestinal obstruction, acute inflammatory changes in the intestines, bleeding - with oral administration magnesium sulfate;
Rare pulse, atrioventricular heart block.

Review of magnesium-containing drugs and features of their use

Before starting treatment or prevention of magnesium deficiency, it is important to know the rules for taking these medications:

Thus, the combination of magnesium with vitamin B6 is considered very successful, since these substances mutually enhance their effectiveness, and the vitamin improves the absorption of the macronutrient, maintains its intracellular concentration and provides a better therapeutic result.
Given the common routes of absorption in the intestines, magnesium is not recommended to be taken simultaneously with calcium and iron supplements. In this case, there will be an equally low effect from both magnesium and calcium with iron. If such complex treatment is necessary, the doctor will prescribe how best to differentiate between medications and what intervals between doses are best observed.
Magnesium supplements should not be taken on an empty stomach or between meals, as this can cause abdominal pain and stool upset. They should be washed down with water, not milk.

Products with magnesium are available in tablets, ampoules for intravenous or intramuscular administration, and in powder form for oral administration. The specific dosage form is determined by the indications for treatment. For long-term use tablets are usually prescribed, in acute cases such as a hypertensive crisis, a solution will be used, and in case of digestive problems, before manipulation of the abdominal organs, a powder will be used.

Pharmacies offer quite wide list medications with magnesium as the main component, as well as in combination with vitamin B6 or potassium. They differ not only in bioavailability, composition, dosage, but also in price, which is also considered a significant factor in choice. IN in this case, price often means the quality and effectiveness of the drug, as patients who have tried the medicine can tell different composition from different manufacturers.

Bioavailability, that is, the level of digestibility and, accordingly, effectiveness, depends on the composition of the drug and the element or substance with which magnesium is associated in it. For example, there is inorganic salts magnesium - sulfate, chloride, as well as oxides and hydroxides. Organic include citrate, lactate, magnesium gluconate, compounds with salicylic acid and ascorbic acids and others.

Information regarding the absorption of organic and inorganic magnesium compounds varies and is even contradictory. Thus, some researchers refute the common point of view according to which organic salts are absorbed better, citing weighty arguments; therefore, when choosing, it is not always necessary to rely on the composition. For example, magnesium sulfate is considered the most poorly absorbed, but it can successfully combat constipation when taken orally and hypertensive crises when injected.

The criteria for choosing the best magnesium preparations often include the manufacturer, the composition and concentration of the macroelement in the tablet, and the price. The manufacturing company is important from the point of view that the quality of raw materials, the safety of the drug and its bioavailability depend on it, so it is still worth listening to recommendations regarding a specific company that are perceived by many patients as an advertising ploy.

Not every one of us thinks about the fact that the dosage indicated on the package does not mean the content of pure magnesium in the tablet. Some manufacturers honestly indicate this figure, others do not, and then the buyer should calculate it himself, remembering the school chemistry course and clarifying daily requirement in a macronutrient.

Organic magnesium salts are considered quite effective and have additional positive influence on the body. Among them:

Magnesium citrate - derivative citric acid- has high bioavailability, can improve metabolism in general due to activation respiratory processes and energy production in cells;
Magnesium malate - a salt of malic acid - also boasts high availability for cells, a positive effect on cellular respiration and metabolism;
Magnesium aspartate - a salt of aspartic acid - bioavailability is good, and aspartic acid takes an active part in nitrogen metabolism;
Magnesium orotate is a drug with good bioavailability, orotic acid improves metabolic processes and growth;
Magnesium lactate is a lactic acid derivative with good bioavailability.

Inorganic Mg-based substances include sulfate (sulfuric acid salt) and metal oxide. Sulfate is used in powder form as a remedy for constipation and to cleanse the intestines before operations and studies, during intravenous or intramuscular injection has a hypotensive effect. Not used to eliminate macronutrient deficiency. Magnesium oxide is very poorly absorbed, but is quite effective in combating constipation.

Preparations containing magnesium and calcium at the same time cannot have the desired effect due to the fact that these metals are not absorbed together, therefore, the appropriateness of their use is questionable. If you need to make up for the deficiency of both, then it is better to use the elements separately and drink them at different times.

The so-called magnesium chelate compounds are considered relatively new. which are produced abroad, in particular in the USA. Such magnesium is highly accessible to the body, but is also characterized by the high cost of drugs, since not every pharmaceutical production can create such a compound.

Many pharmacies visitors try to save on medicines by choosing cheap domestic analogues or generic drugs instead of original ones imported medicines. When calculating the number of French or American-made tablets to be taken for a course of treatment, an impressive amount emerges that will have to be spent on the drug. The financial side of the issue often becomes decisive when choosing.

At the same time, a high price is not only a consequence of advertising campaigns, decent salaries for pharmaceutical production workers, the world-famous name of the manufacturing company, etc. For at a high price hiding carried out clinical trials, high dosing accuracy, safe raw materials for the production of medicines. And few can deny that the effects, including side effects, are sometimes very different for cheap analogues and original drugs well-known companies.

Magnesium sulfate (magnesium sulfate)

One of the “oldest” products containing magnesium is considered magnesium sulfate in powder and ampoules. Powders of 10 and 20 grams are used exclusively internally and have a choleretic and laxative effect. In addition, it can be used as an antidote for intoxication with heavy metal salts.

The effect of the drug lasts up to 6 hours, and the onset of the effect occurs already half an hour after administration. The reason for the prescription may be constipation, inflammation of the gallbladder and biliary tract, as well as cases when it is necessary to prepare the digestive organs for probing or other manipulations.

As a laxative, magnesium sulfate is consumed at night or half an hour before meals, dissolved in half a glass of warm water. For chronic constipation, you can do enemas with magnesium. In order to obtain a choleretic effect, use a tablespoon of dissolved magnesia three times a day. When probing the duodenum, the drug is administered through a probe.

Side effects are rare and are more often associated with abdominal discomfort, exacerbation inflammatory processes in the digestive organs, disorders electrolyte balance. In severe cases, bradycardia, hypotension, shortness of breath and vomiting cannot be excluded. To exclude side effects, the drug cannot be taken continuously and systematically, as well as to compensate for magnesium deficiency due to ineffectiveness.

Magnesia sulfate is not compatible with calcium-containing preparations, ethyl alcohol in large quantities, with some antibiotics and hormones derived from salicylic acid.

Unlike powder, magnesium sulfate in ampoules can be used to eliminate magnesium deficiency or prevent it in patients on parenteral nutrition, as well as those taking contraceptives, some types of diuretics, and severe sweating.

When providing an ambulance and emergency care it is used to restore heart rhythm, prevent arrhythmia during a heart attack, treat hypertensive crises, seizures, late gestosis in pregnant women, and heavy metal intoxication.

Intravenous drip courses are prescribed for cases of threatened miscarriage or increased uterine tone, but only in a hospital setting. The introduction is carried out very slowly, using special devices that allow you to set the required number of magnesium drops per minute. Despite the relative safety of this magnesium drug, it is prescribed to pregnant women with caution, and nursing mothers should stop feeding during the period of treatment.

The introduction of magnesium sulfate should be carried out slowly to avoid unwanted effects in the form of a feeling of heat, hot flashes, dizziness. When injected into a muscle, the drug is painful. Intravenous use carried out at supine position patient, and the drip may last for hours.

For children, indications for prescribing magnesium sulfate may be convulsive syndrome, including against the background of glomerulonephritis. In this case, treatment begins with 20-40 mg per kilogram of body weight intramuscularly. In the first year of a baby’s life, the drug is prescribed with caution and only under the control of the level of magnesium in the blood and tendon reflexes.

An overdose of magnesium causes depression respiratory center and cardiac activity. Calcium chloride injected into a vein acts as an antidote. In case of lung dysfunction, they improve artificial ventilation, according to indications, hemodialysis is performed and symptomatic treatment is prescribed.

Magnesium with Vitamin B6

Perhaps, the best drugs Combinations of Mg with vitamin B6 are considered to be available to a wide range of consumers. In particular, it is widely known in the Russian Federation and has proven itself well Magne B6 French company Sanofi. This original, but relatively expensive drug contains organic magnesium salt (lactate) and vitamin B6, the mass of ionized magnesium is 48 mg per tablet. In ampoules the weight of pure magnesium is one hundred milligrams.

Magnesium with B6 is prescribed for emotional instability, irritability, anxiety syndrome, increased fatigue, sleep disorders. Tachycardia in the absence organic damage organ may also indicate the need for treatment. The drug is used for cramps in the legs and tingling sensation in the muscles, cramps in the abdomen.

The recommended duration of treatment is one month. If there is no improvement during this period, then you should switch from monotherapy to the use of drugs from other groups or start looking for other possible reasons pathology.

Experience with the use of Magne B6 in pregnant women has not shown any negative effects on the growing fetus, so it is considered safe at any stage, however, nursing mothers should refrain from using the medicine or stop feeding.

Magnesium with vitamin B6 is prescribed to adults and children over six years of age. You should take 6 to 8 tablets a day with meals and a large glass of water. If diarrhea, abdominal pain, or an allergic reaction occurs, treatment is stopped.

For the prevention and treatment of mild forms of magnesium deficiency, tablets are prescribed, and in severe cases, injection of a solution of Mg lactate with vitamin B6 into a vein is indicated. Magne B6 forte contains a double dose of the macronutrient.

In the list of analogues of the “French” - Magnefar B6,magwit, Magnerot. Magnefar B6 is produced by the Polish company Biopharm, has similar indications and contraindications, however, the proportion of pure magnesium in the tablet is somewhat lower, as is the cost of the medicine. Magvit is a product of the Minskintercaps plant, which limited itself to indicating only the concentration of magnesium citrate in one capsule. The price of Magvit is more than affordable and almost 10 times lower than its French counterpart.

Magnesium and the heart

Magnesium supplements for the heart are considered panangin And asparkam. The first is a mixture of organic potassium and Mg salts that affect metabolic processes in the heart muscle. The reasons for its use are considered to be heart failure, heart attack, rhythm disorders, and poor tolerance of cardiac glycosides. Due to the low magnesium content in one tablet, the drug is unlikely to be indicated for eliminating magnesium deficiency.

Panangin is available in tablets, which can be bought without a prescription, and ampoules, sold only with a doctor's prescription. Tablets are taken three times a day, 1-2 pieces, after meals, the duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. Panangin is injected into a vein slowly, diluted with a glucose solution.

The list of magnesium preparations includes the well-known asparkam, which has been prescribed to cardiac patients for many years. It contains potassium and magnesium salts of aspartic acid. Indications for treatment include deficiency of macroelements in the body, complex therapy of cardiac ischemia, rhythm disturbances, prevention of poisoning with cardiac glycosides.

Asparkam is used 2 tablets three times a day with therapeutic purpose and one for prevention. The duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. In case of overdose, signs of hypermagnesium and hyperkalemia appear - hypotension, facial flushing, bradycardia, etc.

Chelated forms

In Russia, Mg chelate from NSP (USA) is still widely distributed; the manufacturing company is equipped with its own laboratory with high quality standards and has documents confirming this very quality of the drugs. For the production of medicines, plant materials are used, and magnesium is produced in the form of chelated compounds. The drug is sold as a biological food additive.

So, we examined only the most popular drugs containing magnesium. The choice remains with the buyer, but one must remember that a cheap price can turn into a reception useless drugs, and analogues (generics) of known drugs may carry more high risk negative consequences and side effects with lower effectiveness.

When purchasing magnesium drugs at a pharmacy, you should not blindly follow advertising or choose a cheaper analogue, but be guided by the doctor’s opinion and official data on the safety and bioavailability of a particular drug. In some cases, laboratory monitoring of electrolyte metabolism may be necessary, which allows timely detection of excess of normal concentrations of both magnesium and potassium in the body.

Particular care must be taken when purchasing dietary supplements containing macroelements, since there may be neither accurate information about the content of magnesium ions, nor a list of side effects and contraindications, which means that their use may be fraught with various disorders.

Video: magnesium deficiency, nutrition, medications

Everyone hears the term hypovitaminosis, especially during outbreaks of seasonal infections. However, many of us don’t even think about the lack of minerals, but in vain. Their role in maintaining health is no less high than that of other nutrients. In our article we will talk about such important chemicals like potassium and magnesium.

The first mineral is active component water-salt metabolism, normalizes heartbeat, participates in hematopoiesis and ensures the integrity of cellular and tissue structures. Due to the fact that potassium constantly circulates in intercellular fluids, it is especially valuable transport function. The substance is involved in the delivery of oxygen to the brain centers, as well as nerve impulses to the areas where they are processed.

Magnesium in turn, bears great responsibility for the functioning of the muscular system, in particular smooth muscle hearts. The substance helps regulate rhythm, blood pressure, and blood flow in the capillaries. Magnesium is also involved in eliminating cholesterol plaques and other accumulations on the walls of blood vessels. It is difficult to overestimate the importance of the presence of this substance in the regulation nervous processes. Magnesium balances the stages of arousal and relaxation, thereby increasing the body's resistance to stress and anxiety.

Due to the undeniable benefits of the nutrients in question for life and maintaining health, pharmaceutical companies produce vitamins containing potassium and magnesium, taking into account the quantitative characteristics of each of them for the body.

Daily requirements for the nutrients in question can vary significantly depending on age, health status, area of residence and level of physical activity.

So potassium necessary for an adult healthy person from 1800 to 3000 mg. For children the figure is two times lower, for pregnant women it is higher. Need in magnesium in men, pregnant women and breastfeeding women it is in the range between 350-420 mg. For newborn children, the amount of the nutrient is small, about 30 mg; after the first year of life it doubles and then increases by geometric progression according to age.

Vitamins containing potassium and magnesium

There are contraindications, consult a specialist

A balanced diet should meet a person’s needs for macroelements, but this is not always possible for a number of reasons various reasons. In this case, a complex of vitamins with potassium and magnesium will come to the rescue.

Vitamin complexes with potassium and magnesium - comparison table

Complex	Amount of potassium and magnesium in 1 tablet (mg)
Complex	K	Mg
AlfaVit Classic	-	50
Vitrum	40	100
Vitrum Plus	40	40
Vitrum Centuri	80	100
Doppelhertz active L-carnitine + Magnesium	-	175.4
Doppelhertz active Magnesium + B vitamins	-	400
Doppelhertz active Magnesium + Potassium	300	300
Duovit	-	20
Complivit		16.4
Complivit Magnesium		50
Multi-tabs Classic		75
Perfectile		50
Supradin		5
Teravit	7.5	100
Teravit Antistress	80	40

The drug with the highest content of the described mineral substances is Doppelhertz Active magnesium + potassium, produced in Germany. The medicine is presented in two dosage forms: coated and effervescent tablets, each containing 300 mg of potassium and magnesium.

The following vitamins rich in potassium and magnesium are Vitrum Centuri made in the USA. It contains potassium and magnesium in amounts of 80 and 100 mg, respectively. Next comes Vitrum, in which the substances are present in a ratio of 40 and 100 mg. Exactly the same indicators are characteristic of the vitamin-mineral complex Centrum, which is also produced in the USA, but the cost is approximately twice that of the above drugs. We also mention the Vitrum Plus complex, which contains 40 mg of each element.

Vitamins with high magnesium content are produced not only by foreign pharmacological companies, including Duovit, Teravit, Multi-Tabs and Perfectil, but also domestic - Alphabet Classic and Complivit Magnesium, which contain 50 mg of the substance.

Preparations containing potassium and magnesium

If we consider not only vitamin complexes, but two-component specialized drugs, then it is worth mentioning such drugs as Panangin and Panangin Forte. They contain therapeutic dosages potassium and magnesium. Their list of contraindications is wider, use only as directed by a doctor.

Before taking vitamins with potassium and magnesium, you should make sure that the body is experiencing a shortage of these nutrients. As you know, everything is good in moderation. Excess macroelements will not be beneficial, especially since the course of water-salt metabolism may change and the electrolyte balance may be disrupted.