Angina

What is nicotinic acid in ampoules. Nicotinic acid: instructions for use and what it is needed for, price, reviews, analogues

The drug nicotinic acid belongs to the vitamin derivatives of pharmacological production. This drug has a number of effects on the human body. This allows it to be used effectively for many diseases.

Among positive impacts nicotinic acid on the human body, the following should be noted:

metabolic action leads to normalization metabolic processes, restoration of neural structure;
as vitamin nicotinic acid and instructions for use contain this information, it is responsible for lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the human body;
Also, injections and tablets of nicotinic acid can restore impaired blood supply to some parts of the human body and brain;
vasodilation, which occurs under the influence of nicotinic acid, leads to normalization of oxygen metabolism and oxidative processes;
Nicotinic acid can also have a detoxifying effect, so it can be used for poisoning and alcohol consumption.

These are not all the positive properties of nicotinic acid; the instructions for use that we offer you will help you understand all healing effects. We hope to help you evaluate and use this drug.

Indications and use

The drug nicotinic acid has quite broad indications for use. This drug can be taken either medicinal purposes, and for the prevention of many diseases.

In particular, nicotinic acid is used for medicinal purposes in the following diseases and conditions:

osteochondrosis of the spinal column of various parts;
ischemic stroke;
violation cerebral circulation;
tinnitus;
atherosclerosis;
pellagra;
impaired glucose tolerance;
circulatory disorders in the lower extremities;
haemorrhoids;
lipid metabolism disorders and obesity;
liver diseases;
alcohol intoxication;
drug intoxication;
occupational intoxication;
trophic ulcers lower limbs;
decreased visual acuity.

For prevention, nicotinic acid is used in:

reducing the risk of cancer;
rapid breakdown of fats and reduction in intake levels fatty acids into the human body;
for gastritis with low acidity;
to eliminate the symptoms of hemorrhoids;
to improve memory and vision;
to speed up the process of fat breakdown when losing weight.

The use of nicotinic acid requires careful monitoring by the attending physician. Self-treatment nicotinic acid is not allowed due to the fact that they may develop negative consequences in the human body. Like any other vitamin preparation, if overdosed, it causes irreparable damage to your health.

Application of vitamin niacin

Very often, the vitamin nicotinic acid finds non-standard uses. In particular, this drug is very often used to rejuvenate and renew the skin of the face and body in many beauty salons. In fact, this is a completely justified method only if the treatment is carried out under the supervision of an experienced doctor.

Nicotinic acid The indications in this case are very different. However, the principle of influence is quite simple.

This drug has a unique ability:

on the one hand, expand the vessels of the peripheral circulatory system;
on the other hand, it increases the supply of oxygen to tissues;
on the third hand, it increases the outflow and removal of free radicals and aggressive waste from skin cells.

All together this has a rejuvenating effect on the human body. This is best seen on the skin. The skin becomes smooth, moisturized and receives a pleasant pink tint.

Use of the drug in ampoules

Injections of nicotinic acid help to quickly introduce the drug into the human body and ensure its uniform distribution. Nicotinic acid in injections helps to avoid such negative side effects as irritation to the gastric mucosa. Nicotinic acid in ampoules is prescribed for:

increased acidity gastric juice;
at acute disorders cerebral circulation of ischemic nature;
for pain syndromes in the area trigeminal nerve and spine;
at acute attacks hemorrhoids.

Nicotinic acid is available in ampoules of 1 ml of 1% solution. Usually prescribed 1 ampoule subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously once or twice a day.

How to give injections correctly

Nicotinic acid injections can be given in three ways:

intramuscularly 1 ml of 1% solution;
intradermally to compensate for vitamin deficiency;
intravenously, 1-5 ml of a 1% solution diluted in 5 milliliters of saline.

Intramuscular and intradermal injections of nicotinic acid are quite painful. There is a burning sensation. After intravenous injection niacin may cause heat and redness skin. This is a normal physiological reaction of the body. If redness is not observed, this may indicate that the person has certain problems with blood circulation.

Use of the drug in tablets

Nicotinic acid preparations in tablets can be used for prevention and for the purpose of long-term treatment some diseases. In particular, nicotinic acid tablets are recommended to be used twice a year, in spring and autumn, 1 month each, for people who suffer from problems with blood circulation in the lower extremities. Thrombophlebitis and venous insufficiency– this is a direct indication for the use of nicotinic acid in tablets over a long period of time.

The drug nicotinic acid in tablets is used depending on the person’s weight and the severity of the disease, 1-2 tablets 3 times a day. It is advisable at this time to introduce cottage cheese and other foods rich in methionine into your diet. This will help protect liver cells. In case of increased acidity of gastric juice, nicotinic acid tablets should be consumed after meals and washed down a large number mineral water or warm milk.

Contraindications

Vitamin nicotinic acid has minor contraindications. Generally, this drug is not recommended for use if:

individual intolerance to vitamin PP;
at acute diseases liver;
with liver failure;
during exacerbation peptic ulcer stomach;
with high blood pressure.

Also, nicotinic acid may have contraindications in a number of individual cases. Only a doctor can determine the advisability of using nicotinic acid in one form or another.

Electrophoresis for osteochondrosis

The appointment of electrophoresis with nicotinic acid for osteochondrosis helps to quickly remove accumulations of lactic acid from tissues affected by the inflammatory process. This reduces swelling and eliminates pain. Also, electrophoresis with nicotinic acid can ensure faster delivery of other medications to the affected area. This becomes possible due to the fact that blood flow increases and tissues are better supplied with oxygen and nutrients. Accordingly, the healing process goes much faster.

Most often, electrophoresis with nicotinic acid is prescribed once a day for ten days.

Effective treatment with nicotinic acid

To obtain the maximum effect, treatment with nicotinic acid should be started only after full examination health status. Maximum effect is achieved only if a certain condition is associated with a lack of this vitamin in the human body.

Nicotinic acid is one of the components vitamin complex group B. This substance is also called vitamin PP. Nicotinic acid is very necessary for our body, as it takes part in many metabolic processes.

Pharmacological action

Without niacin human body will not be able to function fully. It influences educational and metabolic processes:

dilates blood vessels;
improves liver function;
stimulates the gastrointestinal tract;
restores hematopoietic system in the bone marrow;
promotes healing of ulcers and wounds;
removes toxins from the body;
improves the functioning of the cardiovascular system;
lowers blood sugar levels.

This vitamin is simply irreplaceable in cosmetology, because it helps to cope with skin problems. It also improves the condition of hair and nails. With regular consumption of vitamin PP improves lipid metabolism in the body. In addition, in patients with atherosclerosis, the level of cholesterol in the blood decreases.

Indications for use

Doctors prescribe nicotinic acid for pellagra. After the first course of treatment, patients' condition significantly improves. In addition, it is possible to cure not only the underlying disease, but also get rid of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system. Patients' skin clears after treatment with nicotinic acid. After three weeks of treatment, disorders in the stomach and intestines also disappear. After a month of treatment, a person experiences pellagritic psychoses.

Vitamin PP is useful for those who want to lose weight. After all, this vitamin normalizes metabolism and removes toxins and waste from the body.

Instructions for use

In order for nicotinic acid to benefit the body, it must be taken in correct dosages. Nicotinic acid is available in the form of dragees and tablets, as well as injections. Injections of nicotinic acid can be done subcutaneously, intramuscularly and intravenously. However, injections with vitamin PP are very painful, so doctors prescribe them extremely rarely.

Dosage of the drug

The dosage of vitamins is prescribed based on the disease. As a rule, nicotinic acid should be taken three times a day, 0.1 g at a time. The vitamin is taken after meals and washed down with water. For prevention, nicotinic acid is prescribed in a smaller dosage - 0.020 g at a time, three times a day.

Injections with vitamin PP should be done slowly. It is allowed to administer no more than 0.1 g intramuscularly and 0.01 g intravenously at a time. The course of treatment with this vitamin depends on the disease and its severity. On average, such treatment can last from three to five weeks. After this, you need to take a two-week break and, if necessary, the course of treatment can be repeated. Doctors do not advise exceeding the dosage of the drug. You can take no more than 5 g of the drug per day. If the drug is given as injections, then its daily dose should not exceed 0.3 g.

Benefits for hair

Many cosmetologists use nicotinic acid for hair care. This vitamin is also prescribed for many diseases of the scalp and hair. The thing is that nicotinic acid expands blood vessels. After vitamin PP is rubbed into the hair roots, it is absorbed into the skin and delivered through the blood vessels to the cells of the scalp, enriching them and hair follicles useful substances.

Some trichologists recommend rubbing nicotinic acid from ampoules into the scalp. This helps stop hair loss and speed up hair growth. Nicotinic acid also helps get rid of dandruff and hair problems. For a course of treatment you will need 30 ampoules of the vitamin. One ampoule for one use. After opening, the drug must be very quickly applied to the roots of clean hair and rubbed in. Vitamin PP very quickly loses its beneficial properties in the air, so do not leave the ampoules open. During the period of using the drug, you should stop using various shampoos and masks with silicone. It is best to apply the product to slightly damp hair.

To make it more convenient to distribute the vitamin over the head, you can divide your hair into partings. You can apply the vitamin using your finger or a syringe. Even if you have thick hair, one ampoule will be enough. After all, the vitamin penetrates well into blood vessels, and through them into the blood. Thanks to this, nicotinic acid will be evenly distributed over all surfaces of the head.

Some people experience redness and burning of the scalp after applying the drug. This phenomenon is normal. If the redness and burning do not go away, but intensify, severe urticaria appears, headache or itching, you should stop using nicotinic acid. Most likely, these symptoms indicate individual intolerance to the drug.

Nicotinic acid does not pollute the hair, so there is no need to rinse it off. The course of treatment should be a month. The drug must be applied to the hair every day. Then a month-long break is taken and, if necessary, the course of treatment is resumed. After such treatment, not only hair loss stops and scalp problems disappear, but hair growth also increases.

Benefits for the skin

Nicotinic acid takes part in oxygen exchange in skin cells. It dilates blood vessels and improves blood supply, making the skin look healthy and elastic. Nicotinic acid helps remove excess liquid from the body, so it is prescribed for swelling of the body. Almost all decongestant cosmetics contain vitamin PP.

Nicotinic acid takes part in protein metabolism, as well as in the formation of elastin and collagen, which makes the skin elastic, well-groomed and smooth. In addition, this vitamin is very important for women, as it affects the formation of sex hormones. Thanks to this woman’s body, wrinkles do not appear when there is an excess of hormones in her body.

Cosmetologists and doctors recommend using cosmetics with vitamin PP in sunny weather. Preparations containing of this substance reduce the risk of developing melanoma and reduce negative impact ultraviolet rays on the skin.

Nicotinic acid is very useful for wraps. It helps get rid of cellulite. To make an anti-cellulite wrap, you need to take one ampoule of nicotinic acid and dissolve it in water in a ratio of 1:3. After this, you need to moisten a wide bandage in this liquid and wrap it around problem areas. Superimposed on top cling film and a warm blanket. The skin should warm up well.

Side effects

The following side effects may occur from nicotinic acid: dizziness, nausea, burning, nausea, diarrhea, sharp decline blood pressure and increased secretion of gastric juice.

If side effects begin to appear, you should immediately stop using the drug and inform your doctor. Perhaps the doctor will reduce the dosage of nicotinic acid or discontinue the drug.

Contraindications

Nicotinic acid should not be used if:

kidney dysfunction;
tendency to bleed;
gout, glaucoma or low blood pressure;
exacerbation of gastrointestinal diseases, especially with ulcers;
inflammation of the large intestine.

Nicotinic acid, produced in tablets and ampoules for injections, has great benefits for the body. This vitamin replenishes the deficiency of substances, improves health, has a positive effect on metabolic processes and energy production. Familiarize yourself with the indications for its use, dosage, and methods of administration. The amount of product used differs depending on individual characteristics.

What is nicotinic acid

Vitamin PP, B3 or nicotinic acid (name on Latin- nicotinic acidum) is an important substance for the body. Once inside, it breaks down to niacinamide, which is involved in the process of fat metabolism. The main purpose of the vitamin is to convert food into energy. Daily requirement in nicotinic acid it is 5-10 mg, for pregnant women – 15 mg. The attending physician prescribes it if indicated.

Benefits and harms

Nicotinic acid is harmful in the form of allergic reactions and stomach ulcers, which worsen when taking it. The benefits of the drug for women and men are: positive impact on metabolism and the following effects on the body:

reduces cholesterol levels;
removes toxins;
speeds up metabolism;
reduces inflammatory processes;
nicotine for blood vessels dilates them, thins the blood;
prevents atherosclerosis.

Compound

IN medical practice over-the-counter nicotinic acid preparations are used. They are produced in powder, tablet and ampoules formats. It is recommended to store all varieties away from sunlight, without children's access. The composition of the preparations includes pyridinecarboxylic-3-acid. This is crystalline powder white, poorly soluble cold water and alcohol, but highly soluble hot water.

Pharmacological action

Vitamin B3 plays important role to ensure the vital functions of the body, it is a component of the prosthetic groups of codehydrase enzymes. The latter transfer hydrogen and carry out redox processes. Vitamin B3, entering the body and being broken down into nicotinamide, transports phosphates. Without them, the disease pellagra develops.

Release form

According to pharmacological definitions, there are following forms release of this vitamin preparation:

vitamin B3 in ampoules - 1 ml, glass ampoules, pH solution for injection 5-7;
powder for injection;
tablets (50 pcs.) – a drug to replenish acid deficiency, active content active substance 0.05 g;
sodium nicotinate solution – 0.1% nicotine solution.

Indications for use

According to the instructions in medicine, it finds a place next application nicotinic acid for medicinal purposes:

with nicotinic acid - used in the treatment of osteochondrosis. The method quickly removes lactic acid from tissues affected by inflammation, relieves pain and swelling, and enhances the healing process. To carry out the procedure, a 1% solution is used, a course of 10 days, once a day.
For the treatment of pellagra, improvement carbohydrate metabolism, mild forms of diabetes, liver diseases, heart diseases, ulcers, enterocolitis, poorly healing wounds, myopathy.
Reducing the level of lipoproteins in the blood, lowering the concentration of triglycerides, treating hypercholesterolemia.
Specific remedy for gastritis, vasospasm, brain.
Stimulates hair growth (30-day course, rub 1 ml into the scalp every day), and according to reviews, eliminates dandruff.
To actively lose weight, against cellulite - take 1 g tablets per day, several times a day.
Prevention of diabetes, reduction of pain in osteoarthritis.
Increasing the effectiveness of medications for the treatment of depression and anxiety.
Detoxification of the body, prevention of migraines.

Nicotinic acid preparations

The vitamin is an integral component of the drugs Vitaiodurol, Vicein, Xanthinol Nicotinate, Lipostabil, Nikoverin, Nikoshpan, Spazmokor. It is found in two forms - acid and nicotinamide. Both formats are active ingredients drugs have the same pharmacological purpose, similar therapeutic effect. Nicotinamide is included in the drugs:

tablets and solution for injection Niacinamide;
Nikonatsid;
Nicotinamide tablets and solution;
Apelagrin;
Niacin;
Nikoverin;
Nicotinic acid Bufus or Vial;
Enduracin.

Instructions for use of nicotinic acid

According to the annotation, vitamin PP can be used in the form of tablets (orally after meals) and ampoules (parenterally). As a preventive measure, adults are prescribed 0.015-0.025 g per day. For pellagra, take 0.1 g 2-4 times a day for 15-20 days, or inject a 1% solution of 1 ml twice a day for 10-15 days. For other diseases, adults take up to 0.1 g of the drug per day. If not side effects, in the treatment of atherosclerosis and lipid metabolism disorders single dose can be increased to 1 g, and the daily dose to 4 g.

Pills

Vitamin PP in tablets is used for long-term therapy and disease prevention. In the first case, they are recommended to be taken in autumn and spring for people with circulatory problems in the lower extremities. It is allowed to take 1-2 tablets three times a day, while simultaneously taking methionine preparations to protect the liver. If the patient has increased acidity of gastric juice, the medication is taken after meals, washed down mineral water or warm milk.

If you take pills before meals, it may cause discomfort: burning in the stomach, nausea. Dosage depends on age, weight and disease:

for prevention, up to 25 mg/day is taken;
when pellagra appears, 100 mg 3-4 times a day for 15-20 days;
for atherosclerosis 2-3/day, 3-4 doses;
if fat metabolism is impaired, take 500 mg once in the first week, twice in the second, three times in the third, course 2.5-3 months;
to increase the concentration of high-density lipoproteins, take 1 g/day;
to reduce the risk of heart disease 500-1000 mg/day;
courses of therapy are repeated at monthly intervals.

Injections

Drugs can be administered in the form of subcutaneous, intravenous or intramuscular injections. Injections of nicotinic acid are administered into a vein slowly, in a stream, in a hospital setting due to possible risk severe allergic reactions. Subcutaneous and intramuscular injections approved for independent use at home. They are very painful, so you need to choose the right place.

The optimal areas for injections are upper part shoulder, anterior thigh, anterior abdominal wall subject to absence excess weight, upper outer quadrant of the buttock. When administered subcutaneously, it is better to inject into the area of the forearm and the anterior wall of the abdomen. You can use 1.5 or 2.5% solutions for intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, administered 1-2 times a day. The dosage depends on the type of disease:

for pellagra and deficiency symptoms - 50 mg intravenously or intramuscularly 100 mg 1-2 times a day for a course of 10-15 days;
for ischemic stroke – 100-500 mg intravenously;
For other diseases and for children, tablets are used.

How to inject intramuscularly

After choosing a place, wipe it with an antiseptic, draw a solution into a syringe, release a few drops by lifting it up with a needle to expel air bubbles, give an injection, treat the puncture site with alcohol or chlorhexidine. For each injection, choose a new place, deviating 1-1.5 cm from the previous one. The intramuscular injection is done as follows: insert the needle deeply, slowly press the piston and release the solution.

Nicotinic acid during pregnancy and lactation

If pregnancy proceeds normally, vitamin PP is not prescribed. In cases drug addiction, multiple births, placental dysfunction, liver pathology and biliary tract the drug is indicated for use. When carrying a child, the product eliminates spasms, improves blood circulation, and reduces its viscosity. Vitamin B3 prevents the formation of blood clots, blockage of placental vessels, reduces the risk of fetal death and premature birth. To increase lactation, tablets are indicated, but with caution and monitoring the child’s condition.

Use in children

Children under two years of age are contraindicated in taking vitamin B3 ampoule. The child can only be given the tablet format of the drug, orally after meals with cool drinks or mineral water. The dosage depends on the purpose:

for prevention – 0.005-0.02 g per day;
for pellagra – 0.005-0.05 g 2-3 times a day;
other diseases – 0.005-0.03 g 2-3 times a day.

Nicotinic acid and alcohol

Practicing doctors and scientists note the intoxicating effect of vitamin B3. It helps quickly remove toxic substances from the body, binds free radicals, neutralizes the effect of poisons on cells of organs and tissues. The drug finds wide application when removing hangover syndrome, in the treatment of alcoholism and drug addiction, exposure to harmful substances in production.

Drug interactions

Before prescribing vitamin PP, tell your doctor if you are taking any other medications, as it has the following drug interactions:

when combined with fibrinolytics, cardiac glycosides and antispasmodics, it enhances the effect;
at simultaneous administration barbiturates, neomycin, sulfonamides, anti-tuberculosis drugs are accompanied by an increase in toxic effect;
increases the risks of side effects when used with antihypertensive drugs, anticoagulants;
nicotinic acid develops toxic effect With ;
reduces the severity of the effect of the antidiabetic medication system.

Alcohol compatibility

According to the instructions for use of vitamin B3, it is incompatible with alcohol and drugs that contain ethanol. Dangerous action there is an increase in the toxic effect on the liver, a decrease in the absorption of sequestrants bile acids. You should refrain from drinking alcohol-containing drinks and medications while taking the drug.

Side effects and overdose

If the dose of vitamin PP is incorrectly prescribed, the following may occur: side effects:

redness of the face, upper part of the body (when taken on an empty stomach or by persons with hypersensitivity), fever;
dizziness;
, skin rash;
paresthesia (numbness of the limbs);
lowering blood pressure (with rapid intravenous administration);

Indispensable organic compound, which is involved in blood formation and metabolic processes in our body. This element was discovered relatively recently, but there is already evidence of its benefits and conditions associated with deficiency. The tablet form or injection solution is sold in pharmacies, but many simply do not know about its use. What is nicotinic acid, instructions for use, indications and contraindications - all necessary information our article will give.

Vitamin PP belongs to the group important vitamins. Its deficiency leads to pellagra, a disease associated with insufficient absorption. nutrients(proteins, amino acids and carbohydrates). With a deficiency of nicotinic acid, there is a deterioration in the condition of the skin, indigestion and instability. hormonal levels. For children, a lack of this vitamin is fraught with developmental delays, weak immunity and predisposition to chronic diseases stomach.

Functions of nicotinic acid in the body:

Participates in blood circulation processes.
Helps lower blood cholesterol levels.
Is prophylactic cardiovascular diseases.
Improves metabolic processes.
Promotes the breakdown of fats.
Improves cerebral circulation.
Normalizes high blood pressure.
Positively affects vascular patency.
Stimulates the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
Has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the liver and kidneys.

Most often, vegetarians, as well as people who adhere to strict protein-free diets, suffer from a lack of vitamin PP. To eliminate the possibility, you need to supplement your diet complex vitamins or special preparations of nicotinic acid.

Indications for use

Nicotinic acid is used in treatment and prevention various diseases. There are studies that sufficient intake of vitamin PP can strengthen the body's defenses and also slow down the aging process.

In complex therapy, nicotinic acid preparations are used in the following cases:

Treatment and prevention of pellagra.
Prevention of heart disease and arteriosclerosis.
For diabetes mellitus.
To relieve vascular spasms.
Treatment of skin diseases and hair problems.
Treatment of neuritis facial nerve.
To improve the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.
In the treatment of gastritis and stomach ulcers.
For enterocolitis and liver diseases.
For a long time non-healing wounds and trophic ulcers.

Release form of nicotinic acid

In pharmacy chains you can find many drugs containing nicotinic acid or its derivatives. It is available in the form of tablets and injection solutions. Due to wide range application, can be used orally, intramuscularly and intravenously. Most multivitamin complexes also contain this component. The course of treatment depends on the characteristics of the body, so it must be calculated individually.

Prices and manufacturers of nicotinic acid:

Nicotinic acid “Pharmstandard” (Ufa Vitamin Plant, Russia). Tablets (50 pieces) - price 39 rubles. Ampoules (10 pieces) - 137 rubles.
Nicotinic acid JSC "Biosintez" (Russia). Tablets (50 pieces) - 18.70 rubles. Ampoules (10 pieces) - 140 rubles.
Vitamin RR "Moskhimfarmpreparat" (Russia). Tablets (50 pieces) - 20 rubles. Ampoules (10 pieces) - 125 rubles.
Nicotinic acid “Vial” (China). Tablets (50 pieces) - 23 rubles. Ampoules (10 pieces) - 111 rubles.

The tablet form contains 0.05 grams of active substance. Injection solution (0.1%) includes 10 mg of the active substance nicotinic acid.

What is better to choose: ampoules or tablets?

Absorption of the active substance of the drugs occurs very quickly. The maximum concentration is reached within 45 minutes after taking the tablets, and with intramuscular or intravenous injection - after 10 - 15 minutes.

For the treatment of vascular pathologies, tablets are most often prescribed, because intravenous administration the drug may create additional problems. In addition, it should be borne in mind that nicotinic acid injections are quite painful, so the medicine is best combined with anesthetic substances.

To treat pellagra, tablets and intravenous administration are used; it is permissible to use drugs intramuscularly. To quickly compensate for the lack of vitamin PP, a subcutaneous method of administering the drug is used. In this case, heat and local redness of the skin are felt. These symptoms are not dangerous and go away on their own.

Features of taking pills

How to take vitamin PP in tablets? Nicotinic acid can increase the secretion of gastric juice, which in some cases may be undesirable. Usually the tablets are taken immediately after meals, daily dosage divided into two or three steps.

You cannot combine taking pills with foods that increase stomach acidity, as well as alcohol. Drugs in this group speed up metabolism and are therefore often used for weight loss. To do this, you need to consume at least 1 gram of the active substance per day for a month.

Important! The dosage of nicotinic acid tablets is strictly individual and is prescribed by the attending physician.

How to use by injection

Why are nicotinic acid injections prescribed? " Ambulance"for ischemic stroke consists of administering one ampoule of vitamin PP intravenously. Used to lower blood cholesterol levels standard scheme, at which the initial dosage is from 0.1 to 0.3 g of the drug three times a day. The course of treatment must be carried out in inpatient conditions under the supervision of a doctor. In this case, it is also advisable to carry out laboratory monitoring of blood parameters and monitor the increase in concentration in the urine.

Important! The course of nicotinic acid injections is also strictly individual. Consultation with the attending physician is required.

Features of taking nicotinic acid for children

Taking nicotinic acid in any form contraindicated up to two years. In the future, the recommended dosage depends on the age and weight of the patient. To prevent vitamin deficiency and improve metabolic processes in the body, children are prescribed 5–20 mg of the active substance per day. During treatment, the volume may be increased to 45 mg, divided into three doses. Consultation with a doctor is required.

Can I take it during pregnancy and lactation?

Nicotinic acid preparations are allowed during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but only after consultation with the attending physician. The dosage and duration of treatment depends on the specific disease, age and individual characteristics patients.

Nicotinic acid in cosmetology

Very good result showed the use of niacin for healthy hair and skin. To do this, the solution in its pure form (1 ampoule) is applied to the scalp, rubbing it in. massage movements. You need to wrap your head and wait for at least half an hour. Such procedures must be repeated daily for a course of two weeks, after which a break should be taken. After a short time, you can notice accelerated hair growth, an increase in its thickness, as well as relief from dandruff and other skin diseases.

If you are interested in using vitamin PP for hair, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with other vitamins in hair ampoules in the article.

Contraindications and possible harm

Side effects of taking medications containing nicotinic acid include: following states: fever, dizziness, numbness of the extremities, redness and rash on the skin, digestive disorders, as well as sharp decline pressure. Especially often such symptoms appear during long-term and uncontrolled treatment, as well as when the required dosage is exceeded.

Nicotinic acid has the following contraindications:

Individual intolerance.
Peptic ulcers of the stomach and duodenum.
Liver failure.
Children under two years of age.
Uncontrolled “jumps” in pressure.
Gout.
Hemorrhages in the brain and internal organs.

Important! You cannot combine taking medications containing vitamin PP with alcohol (increases the toxic effect on the liver), antibiotics, and anti-tuberculosis drugs (reduces effectiveness). Use with caution with antispasmodics, cardiac glycosides, acetylsalicylic acid and anticoagulants.

Nicotinic acid - important element for the body to function. Vitamin PP is necessary for heart function, gastrointestinal tract, internal organs and hormone production. You can compensate for the lack of this element by taking pharmaceutical drugs, but the dosage and duration of treatment must be agreed with the attending physician.

Nicotinic acid is water soluble vitamin, another name for which is PP, niacin or B3. The name R.R. comes from the Latin Preventive Pellagra. It's biological active substance is a direct participant in all redox processes in the body.

Shortage in the body of this vitamin can lead to the development of pellagra. This disease is characterized by a triad of “Three D” symptoms - dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia.

Composition and release form

The pharmaceutical industry produces nicotinic acid in the form of tablets for oral administration and solution for injection. INN of the active substance is nicotinic acid.

The solution for parenteral administration is available in glass ampoules 1 ml. The package contains 10 ampoules. Each milliliter of 0.1% solution contains 10 mg of active ingredient and auxiliary components. The solution is a clear, colorless liquid.

Nicotinic acid tablets contain 50 mg of active ingredient and can be sold in two types of packaging:

Dark glass bottles or polymer material, which contain 50 tablets.
Contour cells of 10 tablets. Each cardboard package contains 5 cells.

Pharmacological and biochemical properties

Niacin is in its own way unique drug. Being a vitamin, it is not classified as a biological active additives, and to medicines.

Vitamin PP is one of the most effective means to reduce blood cholesterol levels.
Under the influence of nicotinic acid, enzymes are activated, which are responsible for the production of energy from lipids and carbohydrates in cells. This energy is necessary for the normal functioning of all cells of a living organism. If the content of vitamin PP is insufficient, energy reserves in tissues and cells are depleted.
Vitamin PP is directly involved in the production of sex hormones - testosterone, progesterone, estrogens. In addition, with the participation of niacin, insulin, thyroxine, and cortisol are produced.
Vasodilator therapeutic effect Vitamin PP is widely used to treat a number of surgical and neurological diseases.
The lipid-lowering effect consists of reducing the level of atherogenic cholesterol fractions in the blood.
Under the influence of nicotinic acid, the balance of lipid fractions is normalized, the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides decreases.
Blood circulation in the microcirculatory system improves, which improves the nutrition of various tissues and organs. This pattern also applies to brain tissue.
The tendency to form blood clots is reduced and the risk of developing thrombosis and thromboembolism is reduced
In patients who have previously had acute heart attack myocardium, the use of this drug significantly increases the survival rate and accelerates recovery time.
Under the influence of nicotinic acid, the main risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases, the level of low-density lipoproteins decreases. The level of high-density lipoproteins increases.
In people suffering from type 1 diabetes, the use of this drug can significantly reduce the dosage of insulin administered. In addition, regular consumption of vitamin PP helps prevent the development of diabetes mellitus. This biologically active substance protects pancreatic cells from damage.
Niacin reduces severity pain syndrome for arthritis and osteoarthritis, improving the mobility of large joints.
The sedative effect of this drug is described. Its use potentiates the effect of taking psychoactive drugs, which is widely used in complex treatment schizophrenia, endogenous depressions, alcohol and drug addiction.
With the help of preparations based on this vitamin, it is possible to carry out detoxification effects for various types of poisoning.
Regular intake of this vitamin reduces the frequency and severity of migraine attacks.
Niacin helps improve the condition of skin and hair.

Indications for use

Vitamin PP has a very extensive list of indications for use. You can take tablets and give injections of this drug for both therapeutic and preventive purposes:

Hypovitaminosis and vitamin deficiency RR, which are caused by a lack of its intake into the body with food.
Long-term parenteral nutrition.
Malabsorption syndrome caused by disturbances in the pancreas or intestines.
Hartnup's disease.
Chronic diseases digestive tract accompanied by severe diarrhea.
Condition after gastrectomy ( surgical removal one or two thirds of the stomach).
Chronic diseases of the liver and biliary system.
Diseases thyroid gland accompanied by hyperthyroidism.
Chronic stress.
Oncological diseases.
Chronic infectious processes.
Vascular atherosclerosis, accompanied by hyperlipidemia, triglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia.
Obliterating diseases of the arteries of the lower extremities (Raynaud's disease, etc.).
Cerebrovascular disease with ischemic circulatory disorders, ischemic strokes, visual impairment and tinnitus.
Diseases accompanied by spasm of peripheral vessels, biliary and urinary tracts.
Diabetes and its complications - diabetic angiopathy and polyneuropathy.
Chronic gastritis with decreased secretory function.
Neuritis and neuropathy of the facial nerve.
Colitis or enterocolitis.
Trophic ulcers or wounds that do not heal for a long time.
Osteochondrosis of the spine in various parts.
Chronic hemorrhoids.
Various types of obesity.
Spicy and chronic poisoning alcohol or drugs.

For prophylactic purposes, vitamin PP can be consumed to prevent the development oncological diseases, hemorrhoids, obesity. In addition, this acid improves concentration and improves visual acuity.

Dosage and method of administration

Niacin is medicinal product, which must be taken strictly according to existing schemes. Under no circumstances should you self-medicate or try to drink or inject it yourself. Such self-medication will not only not benefit your body, but may cause significant harm.

If there is a deficiency of vitamin PP in the body, it is prescribed in tablets orally after meals. Take 2 tablets 2 or 3 times a day. The duration of the therapeutic course is 15-20 days.

For the treatment of other diseases not associated with niacin deficiency, it is prescribed 1-2 tablets per day. The maximum single dosage should not exceed 2 tablets, and the daily dosage should not exceed 6. This regimen is used unless the doctor prescribes a dose otherwise.

For the treatment of diseases associated with disorders blood circulation, low acidity of gastric juice, migraine and migraine-like attacks, neuritis of the facial nerve, the drug is prescribed orally, 1-2 tablets 4-5 times a day. The total duration of the therapeutic course should not exceed 30 days.

Injections of this drug are prescribed for therapeutic purposes at the rate of 10 mg of the drug 2-3 times a day. The drug can be administered subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. Full course of injections usually 10−14 days. The instructions for the use of nicotinic acid injections also provide for an administration regimen with a sequential increase in the dose from 1 to 5 ml per day, and then a reduction to 1 ml.

During therapy acute phase ischemic stroke 10 mg of solution is administered intravenously.

For the treatment of other diseases, this dosage is prescribed twice a day. Maximum daily dose for an adult is 300 mg of the drug, and a single dose is 100 mg.

Drug for the treatment of Hartnup disease appointed at a dosage of 40−200 mg per day.

Side effects and symptoms of overdose

If the dosage of the drug and the treatment regimen are calculated incorrectly, the following undesirable side effects may develop:

Severe hyperemia of the skin of the face and upper half of the body. This is possible in patients with hypersensitivity to the drug or when taking the medicine on an empty stomach.
Feeling hot and dizzy.
Hives and itching of the skin.
Paresthesia (loss of sensation in the limbs, numbness).
With rapid introduction into the venous bed, a sharp decrease in blood pressure is possible.
Gout.
Acanthosis.
Increased blood glucose levels.
Increased frequency of arrhythmia attacks.
Swelling of the retina with blurred vision.

Contraindications for use

Severe forms arterial hypertension(for intravenous administration).
Severe form of vascular atherosclerosis (for intravenous administration).
Hypersensitivity and individual intolerance.
Pregnancy and lactation (breastfeeding).
Children under 2 years of age.

It should be taken into account that long-term use this remedy may provoke fatty degeneration liver. To avoid this, you can combine treatment with eating foods rich in methionine. You can consult with your doctor and take medications containing methionine or having a lipotropic effect as prescribed.