Traditional medicine

Symptoms of acute and chronic laryngitis in children, home treatment and prevention. Why laryngitis is dangerous in a child and how to deal with the disease Treatment of laryngitis in children two years old

Young children get sick very often due to the fact that their immunity cannot yet effectively counteract bacteria and viruses. The respiratory organs are especially affected. One of the most dangerous diseases for a child is laryngitis.

What is the disease?

Laryngitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of one of the sections of the respiratory tract - the larynx. The pathological process involves the vocal folds, therefore one of characteristic features diseases - a specific barking cough and change in voice.

Most often, inflammation of the larynx occurs in children preschool age. The older the child, the less likely he is to get laryngitis. This is due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the respiratory tract of babies - they have a very narrow lumen and a funnel-shaped larynx, as well as a loose mucous membrane prone to swelling and weak respiratory muscles. In addition, young children have weak defenses and babies are very vulnerable to harmful factors environment and pathogenic microorganisms.

The disease in children rarely occurs in isolation; laryngotracheobronchitis or laryngotracheitis is most often diagnosed. Against the background of inflammation, children may develop a condition requiring emergency care - obstruction of the upper respiratory tract. This phenomenon is called false croup or stenosing laryngotracheitis. It is characterized by severe swelling of the mucous membrane, stenosis (narrowing) of the lumen of the larynx and suffocation. If the child is not given medical assistance, he may die.

Classification of laryngitis

Laryngitis can be acute or chronic. Depending on the nature of the course, the disease can be complicated or uncomplicated.

In very young children, especially infants, the disease occurs in acute form, which is characterized by a stormy beginning and bright severe symptoms. Chronic laryngitis most often develops due to untreated acute inflammation of the larynx or constant and prolonged exposure to harmful factors (smoke, fumes, dry air) on the respiratory tract. They occur in older children - junior schoolchildren and teenagers.

Depending on the cause and pathogen, the disease can be:

infectious:
- bacterial;
- viral;
- fungal;
non-infectious:
- allergic;
- traumatic ( mechanical injury larynx, chemical, thermal burns).

Acute laryngitis is divided into the following types:

Catarrhal, in which the laryngeal mucosa becomes inflamed.
Stenotic, also called false croup or subglottic laryngitis - inflammation affects the vocal folds (ligaments) and subglottic area, characterized by attacks of hacking cough, turning into suffocation, which occur at night, often in the morning.
Edema (infiltrative) - spreads to the submucosal layers, vocal folds and surrounding tissues.
Phlegmonous - purulent process can affect not only the larynx and ligaments, but also the muscle layer, perichondrium, and cartilage of the larynx. This type of inflammation is most often a consequence of advanced catarrhal laryngitis. It has a very severe course and requires urgent treatment in a hospital.

Doctor Komarovsky about childhood manifestations of the disease - video

Incompletely treated acute laryngitis can develop into a chronic form, which is characterized by a sluggish course and periodic relapses.

This disease can be of three types:

Catarrhal - symptoms during periods of exacerbation are similar to acute laryngitis;
Hypertrophic (hyperplastic) is very common in children; may be a consequence of insufficient therapy acute inflammation or develop independently due to constant exposure to harmful factors (inhalation of fumes, smoke, dry air), as well as increased vocal stress (screaming, prolonged crying). This type of laryngitis is characterized by so-called screamer nodules - symmetrical formations (thickenings) on vocal folds and hypertrophy (proliferation) of the mucous membrane.
Atrophic - practically never occurs in children. This species is characterized by atrophy (thinning) of the mucous membrane, the formation of mucopurulent crusts that are difficult to separate and viscous sputum.

Therapy and treatment of laryngitis in a child

Treatment tactics depend on the form of the disease and the reasons that caused it. If your baby develops symptoms of laryngitis, you should contact an otolaryngologist. After the examination, the doctor prescribes therapy.

Uncomplicated forms of the disease are treated at home, under the supervision of an ENT specialist or pediatrician.

Inpatient treatment is required in the following cases:

the child is less than three years old - at this age there is a high risk of developing laryngospasm;
the baby has a high temperature for more than a day;
have a tendency to allergies or congenital diseases, especially pathologies nervous system.

If a child has signs of laryngeal stenosis - breathing difficulties, barking cough, restlessness, pale skin and bluishness of the lips and nasolabial triangle, sweating, rapid heartbeat, breathing becomes more and more difficult, then you need to immediately call an ambulance.

Treatment of acute laryngitis on an outpatient basis (at home) includes a set of measures:

general;
medicinal;
diet;
physical therapy;
herbal medicine.

If you start treatment on time and follow all medical instructions, then within 2-3 days the child will feel relief. And you can completely get rid of laryngitis in 7–10 days.

At the initial stage, especially if the baby has a fever, it is important to maintain strict bed rest and rest.

It is necessary to monitor the air condition. The child needs fresh and humidified air, so the room in which the patient is located must be regularly ventilated. Can be used to humidify the air special device or place open containers with water, hang a wet cloth, it is especially important to do these manipulations during the heating season, when the air is especially dry. The room needs to be wet cleaned daily.

Voice rest. The load on the vocal apparatus needs to be reduced as much as possible, this is especially important for young children, because their vocal cords are just forming and damage to them can cause irreversible vocal defects. The child needs to be silent more, no matter how difficult it may be.

Parents should not allow their child to speak in a whisper, as this strains the vocal apparatus much more than during normal speech.

The baby's neck should be kept warm, wrapped in warm flannel or a soft scarf.

Walking during the acute period is prohibited. During the recovery period, on the contrary, it is recommended to walk if the outside temperature is suitable - not too hot and not too cold. For walks, it is better to choose places where there is no dust and gas pollution - away from the roadway.

Medicines - antibiotics, antihistamines, etc.

Antibiotics are used only for bacterial laryngitis, when there is severe intoxication of the body (fever, the child is lethargic, he has no appetite). In this case, laboratory diagnostics are carried out - determination of the pathogen in a smear from the laryngeal mucosa.

Most often used:

penicillin antibacterial agents:
- Augmentin;
- Flemoxin;
- Amoxiclav;
- Ecoclave;
cephalosporins:
- Cefadox;
- Cefix;
- Suprax;
- Ceftriaxone;
macrolides for severe disease:
- Azitrox;
- Macropen;
- Clarithromycin.

During antibacterial therapy and after it, the baby is necessarily prescribed probiotics to prevent dysbiosis - Linex, Bifidumbacterin, Bifiform.

Antihistamines relieve swelling of the larynx and alleviate the baby’s general condition, normalize sleep:

Zyrtec (from six months);
drops Fenistil, Clarisens (can be used from birth);
Zodak, Cetrin - in syrup from 1 year, in tablets from 6 years;
Claritin - from 2 years;
Suprastin (in tablets from 3 years).

Cough medications include antitussives for nonproductive, obsessive coughs and expectorants (mucolytics) for wet coughs.

Antitussives central action for dry, non-productive (without sputum) cough, they can be taken only as prescribed by a pediatrician and in a strictly prescribed dosage, since they can have a depressing effect on respiratory center in the brain and cause respiratory arrest!

Antitussives:

Cofex syrup is prescribed to children from 6 years of age;
Sinekod - in drops from 2 months, in syrup - from 3 years;
Glaucine from 6 years old.

Drugs plant origin with a dry cough and viscous sputum, they help to liquefy and remove it:

Althea syrup;
Gederin;
overslept;
Linkas;
Mukaltin;
Gerbion;
Pectolvan Ivy;
licorice syrup (from 3 years);
Tussin drops (from 2 years);
Stoptussin (drops - dosage is calculated by weight, syrup - from 3 years).

If a wet cough appears, you need to take other medications that help to better remove phlegm:

Lazolvan;
Amroxol;
Ambrobene;
combination drug Ascoril;

For laryngotracheitis or laryngobronchitis, Erespal and Inspiron in syrup are prescribed - anti-inflammatory drugs with antibronchoconstrictor (bronchodilator) properties.

It is important to remember that cough medications cannot be taken at the same time as mucolytics, which thin the mucus, as these medications have the opposite effect. The result of this combination can be the accumulation and stagnation of mucus in the respiratory tract, which causes serious complications.

Antiseptics are used topically in the form of rinses, lozenges, lozenges, and sprays.
Herbal antiseptics Tonsilgon and Tonzipret, which are prescribed to children in drops, are effective for laryngitis.

Throat sprays are not prescribed to children under 3 years of age, as the spray of the drug can cause laryngospasm. Older children may be prescribed:

Hexoral;
Inhalipt;

Lozenges:

Trachisan;
Efizol;
Decathylene.

Otolaryngologists try not to prescribe sprays and tablets to children, as due to sore throat and a dry cough, the child may choke and experience laryngeal spasm. ENT specialists prefer to recommend inhalation for children.

You can gargle:

soda solution;
Rotokan;
Chlorophylliptom;
Furacillin.

Rubbing with anti-inflammatory balms and ointments is used externally:

Dr. Theiss (from 3 years old);
Doctor Mom (from 2 years old).

Antipyretic drugs are given to the child at a temperature above 38 degrees:

Paracetamol in tablets, syrup;
syrups Efferalgan, Panadol, Nurofen;
Viburkol, Tsefekon suppositories.

Naphthyzin;
Otrivin;
Nazol;
Vibrocil;
for moisturizing - Aqua Maris, Aqualor.

In case of airway obstruction (severe swelling, spasm, difficulty breathing), the doctor may prescribe Eufillin or Clenbuterol syrup, as well as inhalation of Berodual or Pulmicort. These drugs can only be used strictly as prescribed by a doctor and in individual dosages.
Some doctors argue that the use of these drugs is inappropriate, since they act selectively (selectively) on bronchial receptors. However, Pulmicort and Clenbuterol cope well with the symptoms of laryngospasm.

At severe forms For laryngitis, laryngospasm, hormonal drugs are used (in a hospital setting):

parenterally (intramuscularly):
- Prednisolone;
- Hydrocortisone;
- Dexamethasone;
inhalation:
- Flunisolide (from 5 years).

These drugs reduce capillary permeability, eliminate swelling and inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa.

For effective therapy chronic inflammation In children, it is necessary first of all to eliminate factors that irritate the larynx. Treatment of this form of the disease includes the use of anti-inflammatory, decongestants in the form of local antiseptics (tablets, rinses), inhalations, homeopathic remedies, immunomodulators, for example:

Derinat in the form of rinses;
Broncho-munal in capsules;
Thymogen-spray (from 1 year);
IRS-19 (from 3 months).

Gallery - syrups, tablets and sprays for the treatment of laryngitis

Prospan syrup is prescribed for dry cough Faringosept - a local anti-inflammatory drug Lazolvan syrup is prescribed for better sputum discharge Zodak - an antihistamine that relieves swelling Homeopathic medicine Homeovox is prescribed to restore voice in laryngitis Suprastin - a strong antihistamine IRS-19 is prescribed for chronic laryngitis to stimulate the immune system Sinecode - an antitussive for debilitating dry cough Doctor Theiss ointment is used for rubbing chest Gederin syrup is used for dry cough Strepsils lozenges are used as a local antiseptic
Lizobakt for resorption is used as a local antiseptic Ambroxol syrup is used for better removal of sputum in wet coughs Panadol syrup is an antipyretic for children Antibiotic Sumamed is prescribed for bacterial laryngitis Pulmicort in the form of inhalations is used to relieve laryngospasm Miramistin is used for irrigating the throat as an antiseptic Broncho-munal used as an immunomodulator for chronic laryngitis Erespal in syrup is used to relieve inflammation, swelling and better expectoration

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy is not used in the acute period of the disease. During the recovery phase and chronic form physiotherapy is prescribed to improve blood supply to the respiratory organs, eliminate swelling and signs of inflammation, restore the functions of the mucous membrane and stimulate local defenses.

At home good effect gives the use of dry heat on the neck, warming (not hot!) compresses, mustard plasters on the chest and on calf muscles, warm foot baths and inhalations.

In hospital and clinic settings, the following procedures are prescribed:

UHF on the larynx area to relieve spasm and inflammation;
electrophoresis with anti-inflammatory and absorbable agents;
magnetic therapy to eliminate symptoms of inflammation and improve blood microcirculation.

Inhalations

One of the most effective methods treatment different forms diseases are inhalation.

Hot steam inhalations for laryngitis are contraindicated, as they can provoke even greater swelling of the mucous membrane or cause swelling of crusts, which can block the lumen of the larynx and cause suffocation. Doctors recommend inhalation using a nebulizer. If there is no such device, children from the age of three can be inhaled with warm steam.

When using an inhaler, you must follow the following rules:

control the temperature of the steam, it should not be very hot;
the child should be calm during inhalation, not talk during it and for another 30 minutes after it;
the procedure cannot be carried out immediately after a meal and you cannot drink or eat food for half an hour after it;
The steam should be inhaled through the mouth and exhaled through the nose.

For inhalation treatment you can use the following:

soda solution(1/3 teaspoon of baking soda per 1 glass of water);
regular 0.9% saline solution;
mineral alkaline waters without gas:
- Borjomi;
- Essentuki;
- Polyana Kvasova;
- Svalyava;
- Luzhanovskaya;
expectorants and mucolytics:
- Lazolvan;
- Sinupret;
herbal antiseptics:
- sage;
- chamomile;
- St. John's wort in the form of decoctions;
essential oils(3 drops per 200 ml of water):
- eucalyptus;
- mint;
- pine trees

The procedures are carried out 2-3 times a day for 5-10 minutes.

A nebulizer is the first assistant in the treatment of respiratory tract inflammation in children. This device is safe and easy to use. For inhalations with a nebulizer, you can use the necessary drugs: antibiotics, antiseptics, antihistamines, expectorants, proteolytic enzymes. In the acute period, as prescribed and under the supervision of a physician, inhalations with hormones - Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Flunisolide, and adrenergic agonists - Adrenaline, Ephedrine can be used.

The medicine in the dosage recommended by the doctor is slightly heated in a water bath, poured into the nebulizer reservoir, diluted with sterile saline or water for injection. The air is inhaled and exhaled through the mouth through the mask for 5–10 minutes.

The disadvantage of nebulizers is that not all models can be used for inhalation with herbal decoctions or oil solutions; ultrasonic models cannot be used for spraying antibiotics or hormonal agents.

Diet

If you have laryngitis, you should remove from your diet any food that irritates the mucous membrane of the larynx. Food should be warm, not too salty, not spicy, rich in vitamins, and low-fat. Sweet soda, spicy snacks, sweets in the form of cakes and chocolate, smoked meats and pickles are excluded.

The child must be provided for sufficient quantity healthy drink:

non-acidic berry fruit drinks, fruit compotes, rosehip decoction:
herbal teas from mint, lemon balm, sage, chamomile, thyme;
mineral waters without gas - Borjomi, Essentuki.

The drink should be warm and not too sweet.

Traditional recipes for sore throat, dry cough and fever

Before starting herbal treatment, you need to make sure that you are not allergic to them.

With herbs you can rinse, inhale, take decoctions and infusions internally.

If your child knows how to gargle, you can cook for him:

rinsing with soda solution - 1/3 teaspoon per glass of warm water;
dilute honey in boiled water (1 small spoon per 200 ml of water);
Use freshly squeezed juice of raw beets, carrots or potatoes to irrigate the throat.

Gargling with oak bark has an anti-inflammatory, softening effect:

Mix crushed oak bark with linden blossom and chamomile inflorescences in equal parts.
Pour a large spoonful of herbs with water, boil for several minutes in a water bath, cool and strain.
Gargle three times a day.

Rinse with expectorant effect:

Brew 1 tbsp boiling water. spoon of marshmallow leaves, 2 tbsp. spoons of oregano herb.
Leave for 2-3 hours.
Strain, gargle 3-4 times a day, you can do inhalations with this decoction.

Inhalations can be done with linden, chamomile, coltsfoot, elderberry, thyme, and yarrow.

For older children, you can prepare a medicinal drink from milk with garlic:

Boil 2-3 cloves of garlic in half a liter of milk.
Drink warm in small sips of half a glass 3 times a day.

Ginger tea has strong anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating properties:

Brew a teaspoon of grated ginger root with boiling water (200 ml), leave for 40 minutes.
Dilute by half with boiled water, add a dessert spoon of honey and a slice of lemon.
Drink 1/4 glass three times a day.

Gallery - how to treat diseases with folk remedies

Linden-chamomile decoction can be used in the form of gargles or inhalations Oregano has antimicrobial, expectorant, antiseptic, antispasmodic properties Ginger with honey and lemon is used as a general tonic, immunostimulating, anti-inflammatory agent Milk-garlic drink helps with dry coughs When laryngitis, it is useful to gargle with fresh beetroot juice

Homeopathy

Homeopathic remedies should not be considered as independent method treatment for laryngitis, its use is possible only at the very beginning of the disease or at the stage of recovery.

The advantage of homeopathy is the absence of side effects.

Most often, the following drugs are used for inflammation of the larynx:

Aconite - can be used by children from 5 years old, the product has an anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effect;
Homeovox is prescribed to children from the age of one year, the drug helps restore their voice.

Help with acute laryngospasm

When a child develops an attack of suffocation, the main thing is not to get confused. First of all, you need to call an emergency team as soon as possible.

You need to calm the child down, place him in a half-sitting position, free him from clothes, give him a warm drink - mineral water still, milk.
Open the window to provide fresh air.
Turn on the humidifier, if you have one; if you have a nebulizer, inhale with soda solution, Borjomi, Pulmicort or Prednisolone.
Give your child one of the following medications:
1. antispasmodic: No-Shpu, Papaverine, Platyfillin;
2. antihistamine: Suprastin, Tavegil, Cetrin.
If you don’t have the necessary medications, you can help the child in this way before the ambulance arrives: pick him up and turn on strong pressure of warm or cold water (not hot!) in the bathroom. The air in a small room will quickly become humidified and the child will breathe easier. A hot (33-38 degrees) foot bath will also help slightly reduce laryngeal swelling.

For young children, laryngitis is dangerous due to its complications, so treatment should be started as early as possible. With the right therapy, you can avoid severe consequences and make the disease quickly recede.

A very common disease in children is laryngitis. The main pathogens are various harmful viruses and bacteria that settle on the mucous membrane oral cavity and throat. Laryngitis is characterized by symptoms of certain infectious diseases - dry frequent cough, hoarseness and hoarseness.

Treatment rules

Laryngitis usually manifests its first symptoms very sharply and unexpectedly. In young children, the infection, after entering the body, can develop very quickly. To relieve swelling and facilitate air access to the lungs, children need drugs with vasoconstrictor and antihistamine properties. They can have an effective effect on swelling of the mucous membrane and facilitate the flow of air into the lungs.

Your child may need to be hospitalized if their muscles spasm and their breathing becomes very rapid. In such a situation, you need to call an ambulance. The doctor must give an injection of a fast-acting drug to temporarily ease breathing. If laryngitis begins to manifest itself in an acute form, then it is better for children to undergo treatment in a hospital.

Treatment methods for laryngitis in children depend on what caused the disease.

There are many methods and approaches to treatment.

To prevent the development of infection in the child’s body, he needs to take antiviral drugs prescribed by the doctor. The products destroy infectious agents and prevent the development of the disease. Inflammation directly depends on how many harmful microorganisms remain on the mucous membrane of the mouth and nose.

Certain antibiotics are often prescribed to treat laryngitis in young children. If the antibiotics are strong and the baby’s body is sensitive to such drugs, doctors prescribe probiotics to normalize the microflora in the digestive system.

For active treatment Children need to regularly drink alkaline solutions. Copious amount Liquid always helps speed up metabolism, and it is also a good way to introduce more nutrients and vitamins into the body.

For laryngitis, inhalations have proven to be very effective. Inhalations can be done with different solutions and medications. You can add soda and sea salt to the solution. The main task of inhalations is to relieve swelling in the child’s larynx and reduce the inflammatory process in the oral cavity. This procedure can help thin the mucus and phlegm in the throat, making it easier to cough up.

For treatment, certain antihistamines and vasoconstrictors are usually prescribed. They are necessary to normalize the microflora of the mucous membranes, relieve swelling and inflammation in the child. If you do not use medications for this purpose, laryngitis can be prolonged and lead to serious consequences.

To treat laryngitis, rinsing the throat and mouth is most often prescribed. This method is used in combination with other medications, as well as as a disease prevention. Gargling can have different medicinal properties. A variety of solutions and recipes from traditional medicine can effectively relieve inflammation on the walls of the larynx, remove swelling, and eliminate the feeling of pain. By rinsing, children will be able to cough up accumulated mucus. Many herbal formulations soothe the throat and help clear the throat.

To alleviate some symptoms of laryngitis, mustard plasters and special foot baths are used. This method improves blood circulation in the legs, which promotes the outflow of blood from the inflamed area.

The child needs supervision. It is necessary for the baby to talk or cry less. If the vocal cords are not constantly tense, this will have a better effect on the treatment process. You can entertain the baby and provide all possible attention.

Sick children need bed rest and a minimum of physical activity.

The room with a sick child should be regularly ventilated. The air must be moist so that the baby can cough normally and the mucous membrane does not dry out.

Children need proper nutrition. Food should not be too hot or cold, so as not to further damage the mucous membrane. Preference should be given to soft or liquid foods. You should not drink carbonated water or too strong drinks.

In folk medicine there is large number recipes aimed at treating children from laryngitis. If the disease is not acute, then even a small child can be treated at home. You must always monitor its general condition. Doctors recommend using not only medical supplies, but also folk remedies. For effective treatment Children at home should be regularly gargled and inhaled.

Before giving medications to children, you should consult a qualified doctor. It is very important that the medicine does not worsen the patient's condition. Each drug has certain contraindications and recommendations for use, this must be taken seriously. It is better to treat a child for laryngitis with the means that will provide the desired result. It is necessary to use drugs for treatment that can eliminate the existing symptoms of the disease. It is imperative to take into account individual susceptibility to allergies and intolerance to certain substances in the composition of the medicine.

If treatment for laryngitis is delayed, the disease may develop into a more severe form – chronic pharyngitis.

Types of medications

To treat laryngitis, many drugs of different properties are produced. They are divided into etiotropic drugs, which act on the main cause of the disease, and symptomatic drugs - to eliminate the consequences. Some drugs are administered by injection, others are needed for gargling, oral administration or inhalation.

All medications that are prescribed to treat children with laryngitis or pharyngitis are divided into types:

Antibacterial

Antibacterial drugs are prescribed for laryngitis primarily to destroy bacteria and fungal formations. For effective treatment, the underlying cause must be addressed. Therapy with such means allows you to calm the child and relieve swelling in the mucous membrane. The most common: Bioparox, Miramistin, Zodak, Clarisens, Parlazin, Claritin, Cetrin and Clarotadine.

Miramistin is one of the most the best drugs, which has a complex effect on the body. First of all, Miramistin was intended to effectively eliminate infection and harmful bacteria settled on the mucous membrane. Miramistin began to be used to destroy fungal formations in the oral cavity, as well as in the treatment of otitis media and conjunctivitis. Can be used for inhalation. Miramistin promotes the regeneration of epithelial tissue and gradually relieves inflammation.

Bioparox can be prescribed by a doctor to children over 3 years old. The drug is used to eliminate the feeling of sore throat, suppresses dry cough and runny nose. Can be used for no longer than a week. Bioparox effectively fights pathogens of infectious diseases and fungi, suppressing their reproduction in the body. Bioparox does not disrupt the functioning of the digestive and respiratory systems. There are a number of contraindications to this drug, but it cannot pose a danger to the child.

Immunostimulants

Immunostimulants are intended to passively strengthen the body of children and stimulate the immune system. At strong immunity The body itself resists harmful viruses and infections well.

Among such agents: Imudon, Arbidol, Kagotsl, Amiksin, Cycloferon and Lizobakt.
Some drugs are used for inhalation. Miramistin can also be classified as an immunostimulating drug.

Antitussives and expectorants

Expectorants help to thin the mucus formed in the throat and actively cough up the child. This type of product helps the body remove accumulated microbacteria and viruses.

Drugs that stimulate the body to cough up: Lazolvan, Mucaltin, Gerbion, Libexin, Sinekod. If the baby has a wet cough, then the doctor prescribes expectorant medications: Bronchosan, Solvin, Alteyka, Ambrobene, Fluimucil.

Lazolvan is considered one of the best expectorants of this type of drug. Using Lazolvan, you can achieve a therapeutic effect within a week.

Lazolvan is also intended for cough relief without disturbing respiratory function baby, eliminates spasms and reduces secretion. The drug is considered complex and has no serious contraindications, since it is based on many herbal components. Lazolvan can be used with other drugs for the treatment and prevention of laryngitis.

Vasoconstrictors

Vasoconstrictors are intended for quick fix swelling of the mucous membrane. They can be used for inhalation. They performed very well: Prednisolone, Miramistin. Prednisolone can have its effect very quickly, as it can be administered into the body with an injection. The injection dosage is calculated by the doctor, who takes into account the child’s weight. An injection of the drug is given intramuscularly and in severe condition of the patient.

Prednisolone can also be in tablet form. The drug is prescribed to relieve swelling of the respiratory tract, stop inflammatory processes in the pharynx and thin the sputum. Laryngitis can be treated with Prednisolone if the child does not have hypersensitivity to some components in its composition.

Antihistamines

Antihistamines are prescribed for allergic swelling and false croup. Helps relieve allergy symptoms. Allergic form Laryngitis can cause suffocation and cause severe shortness of breath. To eliminate such symptoms, use Diazolin, Diphenhydramine, Tavegil.

Antipyretics

Antipyretic drugs are necessary to lower a child’s high body temperature to a healthy one and eliminate chills and fever. For children, Nurofen, Panadol, Ibuprofen, Cefekon and Efferalgan are most often prescribed.

Homeopathic

Homeopathic remedies help restore the vocal cords and return the voice to normal sounding. Eliminates wheezing and hoarseness. Homeovox and Dexamethasone among this category are considered affordable and effective.

Sprays

Sprays help effectively treat the walls of the larynx and oral cavity. The medicine in the form of a spray can penetrate into hard to reach places in the throat and cover all areas of inflammation. These drugs are based on substances with complex effects. Prescribed to relieve inflammation and pain, hydration and expectoration.

Sprays are the most common medications. They have proven themselves well: Bioparox, Lugol, Kameton, Miramistin, Lazolvan.

Most often, doctors prescribe Lazolvan and Miramistin in the form of a spray. They have the fewest contraindications and are well suited for treating young children. Miramistin is completely non-toxic and can be used to treat a child as young as 1 year old. Bioparox is a spray with antibiotic properties.

Lozenges

Tablets are usually designed to be dissolved gradually. They have a targeted effect against sore throat, soften irritation, and can partially restore the voice. If the patient cannot stay in bed, then tablets in such a situation - an indispensable tool. Small doses of the drug can alleviate the symptoms of the disease for a short period of time. Such tablets and lozenges include: Strepsils, Septolete.

Video “Cough and cough medicines”

In the video, Dr. Komarovsky will tell you which drugs are most effective in treating laryngitis.

One of the diseases characteristic of childhood and posing a huge health hazard is acute laryngitis: the child’s laryngeal mucosa and vocal cords become inflamed.

Deterioration in health begins with normal hypothermia and is manifested by a runny nose, a slight increase in temperature, redness of the throat and swelling with the presence bloody discharge on the inflamed area.

Causes of the disease

The following factors contribute to the occurrence of acute laryngitis in a child:

colds (ARVI, measles, influenza, adenoviruses);
allergens (varnishes, paints, dust, animal hair);
congested anatomically narrow larynx and nasopharynx, which, when inflammatory process they swell, which provokes an even greater narrowing of them; accordingly, the flow of air into the body becomes significantly more difficult;
in which the contents of the stomach enter the larynx, which significantly irritates this organ;
foreign body ingestion;
mechanical damage;
hot dry air, smoky room, dust, exhaust gases;
singing, talking in loud tones, prolonged screaming - actions that cause overstrain of the vocal cords;
weakened immunity, not always able to protect the baby’s body even from an ordinary draft.

Acute laryngitis: symptoms and treatment in children

The disease described is response young fragile organism on the viral nature of the disease; Acute laryngitis is especially dangerous in children under one year of age, who, due to their small age, are not yet able to explain to their parents what is bothering them.

Often, symptoms indicating the presence of acute laryngitis occur suddenly and are accompanied by:

changes in voice timbre, hoarseness and possible loss vote,
loss of appetite due to pain during swallowing,
dry barking cough, the intensity of which increases during the night and especially in the morning,
rapid or severely difficult breathing,
attacks of suffocation.

Vivid symptoms that characterize acute laryngitis in a child are: severe moodiness of the baby, restlessness, lethargy, barking cough, nasal discharge, screaming accompanied by wheezing. Noise and whistling are heard in the pulmonary area. Blue discoloration of the nasolabial triangle indicates the progression of such dangerous disease like acute laryngitis. Symptoms and treatment in children are particularly worrisome during an attack false croup- narrowing of the lumen of the larynx, leading to difficulty breathing. This symptomatology is a good reason to call emergency help, because the current condition carries a mortal danger.

When laryngitis is diagnosed, most likely, the child will be treated in a hospital, where doctors will be able to objectively assess the baby’s condition and the threat to his health. Therefore, parents should under no circumstances refuse hospitalization.

Acute laryngitis in children: emergency care

Paroxysmal false croup in young children occurs suddenly (often at night) and develops very rapidly, literally in a couple of hours. The child begins to choke, his breathing becomes noisy, his cough becomes barking, his voice becomes hoarse.
With a significant narrowing of the larynx, it is clearly noticeable how, during the process of inhalation, a depression called the “jugular fossa” sinks into the lower part of the neck. Recession of the skin surface between the ribs may also be observed. Typically, acute obstructive laryngitis in children is accompanied by high fever, but during an attack of false croup this indicator may not exceed 37.2 o C. At this moment, the sick baby is extremely scared, so it is very important that his parents remain calm and self-controlled.

First aid for a child

What actions should parents take if their child has an attack of false croup?

Call emergency services immediately.
Until the doctors arrive, constantly give the baby something to drink ( in small portions, but often) with warm alkaline liquid: Borjomi water or a 1 liter solution boiled water with soda diluted in it (1 teaspoon). Compotes and juices should not be given.
Immerse in hot water the child’s arms (up to the elbows) and legs (up to the knees). This action It will somewhat alleviate the serious condition and allow the baby to breathe more freely.
Humidify the air in the room: hang wet sheets or place containers of water in the room.
Give the baby an antiallergic drug: Suprastin, Zyrtec, Fenistil or Tavegil.
The use of drugs that relieve spasms is effective: “Drotaverine”, “Papaverine”, “No-shpa”.

Complications of acute laryngitis

Acute in children with untimely or incomplete treatment can result in complications such as:

phlegmon of the neck - inflammation of soft tissues of this body without clear boundaries, purulent in nature,
sepsis - the spread of infection throughout the child’s body through blood vessels,
mediastinitis - inflammation of the middle region of the sternum,
lung abscess - with localization of pus in this organ,
damage to the cartilage of the larynx.

Diagnosis of the disease

If you seek professional medical help in a timely manner, the prognosis for the outcome of the disease is quite favorable.
When prescribing a course of therapy, the doctor will conduct an examination, including:

anamnesis - information about the medical history, previous diseases, living conditions of the small patient, etc.;
analysis of complaints: time of their appearance and factors that contributed to the onset of the disease: voice stress, hypothermia, communication with sick people;
general examination by palpating the larynx to determine the degree of its pain and lymph nodes to determine their enlargement;
laryngoscopy: examination of the larynx with an endoscope and a special mirror;
blood test to determine the etiology of the disease (viral or bacterial);
a smear from the mucous membrane, which allows you to identify the pathogen if the infection is of a bacterial nature.

Information for parents

Acute laryngitis children of the year whose treatment is being carried out by medication, also requires organizing special conditions for a small patient, which is especially important for home therapy. What is it recommended for parents to know?

Helping a child with acute laryngitis involves carrying out activities such as:

Providing bed rest.
Monitoring the air condition, regularly humidifying and ventilating the room.
Plenty of warm and unsweetened drinks (milk, fruit drinks, compotes, herbal decoctions). It is recommended to drink alkaline water (“Polyana Kvasova” or “Borjomi”), which allows you to reduce the degree of poisoning in the body and relieve dry cough. Carbonated drinks are not allowed.
Proper nutrition with dietary foods adjusted for vitamin composition. Food should not be too hot or very cold. To increase the baby's appetite, parents are advised to decorate prepared dishes in an original way.
Limiting the load on the vocal apparatus. The child should be silent a lot and talk little. This recommendation is of particular importance because childhood The formation of the vocal cords is just beginning, and excessive efforts during conversation can provoke irreversible voice defects.
Staying in the fresh air, provided that the child’s condition has improved. It is not advisable to walk in cold and slushy weather, as well as on hot days, when there is likely to be a large accumulation of dust. At first, the duration of walks should not exceed 15-20 minutes. Then the time spent in the fresh air can be gradually increased.

Drugs for the treatment of acute laryngitis

If diagnosed in children, it is complex in nature and is aimed at combating the bacterial environment, increasing immunity, as well as eliminating factors that cause coughing attacks.
Recommended medications, the action of which is aimed at the complete and high-quality recovery of the baby, are:

Antihistamines. They help relieve swelling of the mucous membrane and have a calming effect on the baby. Usually the doctor prescribes Clarisens (for infants), Zyrtec (from 6 months), Clarotadine (from 2 years), Cetrin (in syrup from 1 year), Parlazin (from 6 years).
Antitussives and expectorants. From the large variety presented on pharmaceutical market The doctor chooses the most optimal medications that can help the baby at the current stage of the disease. For paroxysmal cough, the attending physician may prescribe "Gerbion" (from 2 years), "Sinekod", "Libexin", "Erespal". When the cough enters the wet stage, expectorants such as Bronchosan, Ambrobene, Lazolvan, ACC, and Fluimucil help well.
Antipyretics (Panadol, Paracetomol, Ibuprofen). Prescribed at high (more than 38 o C) temperatures.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. For example, Ibufen.

Acute laryngitis in a child is not recommended to be treated with aerosols and lozenges: against the background of a dry cough, the baby may choke on the tablets, and sprays can cause laryngospasm - an allergic reaction that can worsen the child’s condition.

Antibiotics for acute laryngitis

Antibacterial therapy is rarely prescribed - in case bacterial nature diseases and increased intoxication of the body. From penicillin drugs in the treatment of acute laryngitis the following are used: Augmentin, Flemoklav Solutab, Amoxiclav, Ecoclave suspension. Of the cephalosporins, syrups “Cefix”, “Suprax”, “Cefadox”, as well as injections of “Fortum” and “Ceftriaxone” are effective. At severe course diseases are prescribed “Ecomed”, “Sumamed”, “Azitrox”, “Macropen”, “Clarithomycin”. In parallel, during antibiotic treatment and upon its completion, the child should take probiotics that help normalize the microflora: Linex, Laktovit, Bifiform, Bifidobacterin.

Inhalations for acute laryngitis

An obligatory part of the complex treatment of laryngitis is inhalation, which is carried out effectively using a nebulizer. The advantages of this treatment method include safety due to low temperature, ease of use, and high efficiency of increased dispersion (dispersion) of inhaled particles. Mineral water (“Borjomi”, “Esentuki”), soda solution, herbal decoctions (mint, chamomile, sage, thyme), essential oils (eucalyptus, menthol), can be used as medicinal solutions. medicines(“Rotokan”, “Sinupret”, “Lazolvan”, “Tolzingon”). For treatment infants(over 6 months of age) you can use the Pulmicort nebulizer suspension.

Acute laryngitis in children, the symptoms of which indicate the need for professional medical care, is treated in a hospital setting with physiotherapeutic measures: ultraviolet irradiation, UHF, electrophoresis on the larynx. For persistent voice disorders, sessions with a speech therapist are necessary.

Traditional medicine for acute laryngitis

In the treatment of laryngitis, one should not abandon the methods of traditional therapy, the effective component of which is warming compresses. They need to be applied to the cervical area. In the absence of fever, it is recommended to apply mustard plasters to the back area.

Mustard foot baths have a great effect. Potato steam inhalation helps a lot. To prepare a medicinal solution, you need to boil unpeeled potato tubers, drain the water, and place the potatoes on a chamomile, mint or eucalyptus leaf. The baby is recommended to breathe over the generated steam for 10 minutes. It is worth considering that such steam inhalations should be carried out with particular caution in very young children due to existing risk mucosal burn. The number of procedures during the day is two, between meals. During the inhalation process and after its completion, the child should not talk, drink or eat for at least 30 minutes.

Gargling in the treatment of colds is one of the effective measures that helps in a speedy recovery. One of the effective home remedies is boiled beet juice, which is recommended to be used 3 times a day. As effective analogue You can use honey decoction, which requires 1 teaspoon of honey, pour a glass of boiling water and boil for 1 minute. Rinsing should be done 3-4 times during the day.

Folk remedies for acute laryngitis in children are decoctions for gargling a sore throat made from chamomile and sage. In the treatment of laryngitis, the use of dill seeds is effective, which should be poured with boiling water and left for 40 minutes. It is recommended to drink the decoction every day in small portions.

Acute laryngitis in a child can be treated with fresh juice carrots (or cranberries), to which you need to add 2 tbsp. spoons of honey.

Preventive measures

Prevention of acute laryngitis in children should be aimed at strengthening the immune system with the help of vitamins, age-appropriate physical activity, contrast water procedures, as well as complete and timely treatment of all infectious diseases.

To strengthen the immune system, traditional medicine recommends eating a mixture of softened cranberries mixed with ground walnut kernels, finely chopped green apples and sugar (optional). These components should be simmered over low heat, bringing to a boil. It is recommended to drink the healing medicine with herbal tea based on lemon balm, mint and chestnut flowers.

Walnut kernels, dried apricots and prunes, crushed in a blender, significantly increase immunity.

The prognosis for children who have had laryngitis is favorable. Children “outgrow” this disease. As soon as the nervous system is fully formed, the looseness of the submucosal layer disappears, the child stops suffering from laryngitis.

Laryngitis prognosis

With acute laryngitis, almost all children go through this and only skillful and timely actions of parents can prevent serious complications and cure a dangerous disease.

The prognosis for a child who has had laryngitis is favorable. With the finally formed nervous system and the disappearance of the loose submucosal layer, the baby stops getting laryngitis, “outgrowing” it.

The child’s body is constantly exposed to various tests. The immune system is not yet able to resist the onslaught of pathogenic microorganisms. Most often, the respiratory system suffers in children, which is associated not only with insufficient protection, but also with an incompletely formed nasopharynx. Therefore, inflammation of the mucous membrane often provokes the development of laryngitis, the treatment of which must be timely and competent.

What is laryngitis in childhood?

Laryngitis is a disease of the respiratory system, which is accompanied by damage to the laryngeal mucosa. Develops against the background of ARVI, adenovirus infection, flu, measles. Even a small draft or hypothermia can cause illness.

Laryngitis is manifested by swelling of the larynx, severe cough

Children under 3 years of age, including infants, experience the disease most severely. It is at this age that pathology can lead to a sharp narrowing of the larynx - false croup syndrome.

Viral, acute, catarrhal and other types of pathology

Laryngitis according to its course is classified into:

Spicy. The pathology is characterized by a sudden onset of the disease. The symptoms are pronounced.
Chronic. A sluggish process, accompanied by temporary lulls and outbreaks of the disease.

Acute laryngitis

Acute pathology is divided into the following forms:

Catarrhal. It is most often diagnosed in children. Pathology manifests itself characteristic symptoms: swelling of the larynx, vocal cords, deepening of the voice, cough.
Edema-infiltrative. Inflammation is localized exclusively in the larynx, but spreads into the deep layers of the mucosa. There is a high temperature, severe cough with purulent mucous sputum. Sometimes they increase lymph nodes. Touching them causes pain.
Subglottic. This form is known as false croup. The disease is typical for preschool children. During the day, the disease manifests itself as a sore throat, cough, and a slight increase in temperature. The baby's condition can be considered satisfactory. But at night, attacks of barking cough appear, which turn into suffocation.
Phlegmous. This is a purulent look. Most often, the disease occurs against the background of advanced infiltrative laryngitis.

Chronic laryngitis

If adequate therapy is not used for any type of acute laryngitis, then the pathology enters the chronic stage. In this case, she will constantly make herself known.

In medicine, there are several forms:

Catarrhal chronic laryngitis. Children who constantly experience vocal stress or who live in dusty, chemically polluted areas are susceptible to pathology. Young patients often complain of a feeling of a “lump” in the throat. They periodically experience hoarseness. The throat is almost always a little swollen and red.
Hyperplastic. The mucous membrane is hypertrophied, there may be protrusions on the ligaments. During an exacerbation, symptoms of catarrhal form appear. The main complaint is hoarseness of the voice. Sometimes it disappears completely.
Atrophic. Often a complication of diphtheria or scarlet fever. The pathology is characterized by the appearance of crusts dark color on the mucous membrane. Children are tormented wet cough, the mucus contains streaks of blood.

Depending on the causes of development, laryngitis occurs:

Allergic. The appearance of this form is provoked by a variety of allergens.
Bacterial. Causes a bacterial infection. The nature of the pathology can only be determined after examining the child.
Viral. Common form. Her appearance was dictated by the colds she had suffered.

How to treat a dangerous pathology

Otolaryngologists prescribe therapy that can be easily carried out at home. The disease is almost always treated on an outpatient basis.

The exceptions are:

Children under 3 years old, since such babies have a high risk of complications.
Young patients whose pathology is especially severe and is accompanied by high fever.
Children with chronic diseases of the nervous system, allergies.

The child requires complex treatment of laryngitis, including the following measures:

behavior correction;
dietary nutrition;
drug treatment;
physiotherapeutic procedures;
traditional methods.

General recommendations to help alleviate a child’s condition at home

To speed up the recovery process, it is necessary to create the appropriate conditions for the child:

Bed rest. It is important to follow it at the first stages of the disease, especially if the baby has a fever.
Condition of the air. The patient needs fresh, humidified air. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly ventilate the room.
To moisturize, you can hang wet sheets and place a basin of water in the room.
Limiting conversation. The child is strictly forbidden to strain his vocal cords. The baby should be silent or talk in a whisper.
Walks. Going outside is prohibited during the period of acute illness, during cold or extreme heat. You should not walk in places where dust accumulates. All these points can lead to an exacerbation of the pathology.

Diet food for baby

In case of illness, it is necessary to exclude from the patient’s diet all foods that can provoke irritation of the laryngeal mucosa. You should not feed your baby excessively hot or cold food, salty or spicy foods. Carbonated drinks and chocolate are prohibited.

To reduce the viscosity of sputum and ensure the necessary hydration of the larynx, the child needs to drink plenty of fluids.

Preference is given to:

mineral waters such as Borjomi, Essentuki;
medicinal herbal teas: drinks made from lemon balm, thyme;
berry fruit drinks.

Drug therapy

All medications must be prescribed to the child by a doctor, the dosage is determined by a specialist. Self-medication can lead to extremely negative consequences.

Drug therapy for laryngitis includes the following groups of drugs:

Antihistamines. They perfectly eliminate swelling of the mucous membrane and help calm the child. Recommended:
- Suprastin;
- Claritin;
- Clarisens;
- Zyrtec;
- Cetrin;
- Zodak.
Cough medicines.
1. If your child has a dry, paroxysmal cough, antitussive medications may be recommended:
  - Gerbion;
  - Erespal;
  - Sinecode;
  - Libexin;
  - Mukaltin.
2. When sputum appears, expectorant medications are recommended:
  - Ambrobene;
  - Bronchosan;
  - Ascoril;
  - Fluimucil;
  - Alteyka;
  - Lazolvan;
  - Solvin.
Sprays, throat tablets. Such medications may have contraindications.
1. Aerosols will benefit:
  - Hexoral;
  - Miramistin;
  - Lugol.
2. Effective lozenges are the following:
  - Grammidin;
  - Faringosept;
  - Tonsilgon;
  - Lysobacter;
  - Strepsils;
  - Stopangin;
  - Hexoral tabs.
Gargles. For the procedure use:
- Furacilin;
- Chlorophyllipt;
- Rotokan.
Nasal drops. Vasoconstrictor medications can reduce inflammation in the nasopharynx and reduce swelling of the larynx. Effective drugs:
- Naphthyzin;
- Vibrocil.
Antipyretic medications. Reduce temperature to normal values help:
- Efferalgan;
- Panadol;
- Paracetamol.
Antibiotics. They are prescribed only in the presence of bacterial inflammation in the body. Children may be shown:
- Ecoclave;
Amoxiclav;
Suprax;
Zetamax retard;
Flemoxin solutab;
Augmentin;
Chemomycin;
Azitrox;
Claritomycin;
Ecomed;
Macropen.
Decongestant medications Eufillin or Clenbuterol are used in extreme situations. The steroid medication Prednisolone will help quickly relieve swelling of the larynx. But it can be used only in particularly severe cases and only as prescribed by a doctor.

Medicines, including throat spray, lozenges, antibiotics, injection solutions, lozenges, ointments, cough syrups - gallery

Faringosept softens the throat
Lizobakt for resorption eliminates pain Sinecode is great for coping with coughing attacks
Zodak reduces swelling of the larynx Paracetamol reduces fever Sumamed is used for bacterial laryngitis

Physiotherapy and inhalation treatment using a nebulizer

At chronic course diseases benefit from physical procedures that help reduceinflammation, inflammationimproving blood circulation, increasinglocal immunity. For this purpose, use:

UHF to the larynx;
laryngeal electrophoresis;
phonophoresis;
magnetotherapy.

Children under 3 years of age are not given inhalation. They have a high risk of getting mucosal burns.
The procedure is performed only at rest. After physical exertion, the event is prohibited.
For half an hour after inhalation, the child should not talk, eat or drink.
The procedure involves inhaling air through the mouth and exhaling through the nose.

Solutions for inhalation are:

waters: Borjomi, Essentuki;
medications: Lazolvan, Sinupret, Chlorophyllipt, Ambroxol, Derinat, Tolzingon;
herbal decoctions of chamomile, sage.

In acute cases of the disease, hormonal drugs can be used for inhalation: Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone, Adrenaline. They allow you to quickly eliminate painful symptoms. But medications can only be used on the recommendation of a doctor, who, taking into account the patient’s age, will tell you how to properly dilute the medications with saline.

Effective folk remedies: rinses, healthy drinks based on ginger, honey, herbs

Therapy often includes recipes that have been proven over centuries:

Rinsing:
- add honey (1 tsp) into warm water (1 tbsp);
- Boil the ingredients for 1 minute;
- After cooling, you can gargle with the product;
- It is recommended to repeat the procedure 2-3 times a day.
For steam inhalation, you can use a herbal infusion:
- combine linden and elderflower in equal proportions;
- pour the crushed collection (20 g) with boiling water (200 ml);
- leave for 40 minutes;
- for inhalation, dilute the infusion (50–100 ml) with water.
Medicinal drink:
- add garlic (1–2 cloves) to milk (1 tbsp);
- boil;
- drink warm, in small sips. It is advisable to spread the consumption of this drink over 30–40 minutes;
- the event must be repeated 2-3 times a day.
Ginger drink:
- chop peeled ginger root;
- mix the gruel (2 tbsp) with honey (250 g);
- Boil the product for 5 minutes;
- the resulting mixture must be dissolved in a warm drink and drunk in small sips;
- repeat for 3-4 days.

Additional methods of therapy - mustard plasters, compresses

Can be used at home following methods laryngitis treatment:

However, do not forget that such procedures are contraindicated in elevated temperature body, skin diseases.

Homeopathy

The main advantages of homeopathic therapy:

naturalness;
no side symptoms;
the ability to use medications even for the youngest patients.

However, the disadvantages of therapy should also be taken into account:

homeopathy is incompatible with physiotherapy (and the latter is simply necessary for laryngitis);
treatment is ineffective for severe forms of the disease.

Your doctor may prescribe the following homeopathic medicines:

Tonsipret;
Homeovox;
Aesculus.

Surgical intervention

In particularly severe cases it is necessary surgical treatment, which involves inserting a tube into the trachea (tracheal intubation), which ensures patency of the airway. Sometimes a tracheostomy is used - opening the trachea through the neck and then inserting a breathing device into the hole.

In case of chronic hypertrophic laryngitis, when drug therapy does not have the desired effect, swollen tissue is removed with a scalpel or laser under the control of a videoscope.

The operation is necessary for the phlegmonous form of the disease with the formation of an abscess. It is opened and dead tissue is removed.

First emergency aid for a child during an attack of false croup

Painful stenosing laryngitis occurs at night. His appearance is always sudden. How to help a child in such a situation, protect him from negative consequences and avoid complications?

You need to call an ambulance as quickly as possible. While the medical team is traveling, it is possible to alleviate the baby’s condition using the following methods:

Alkaline warm drink. Borjomi water is best suited. It is allowed to give soda water (for 1 cup of boiled water you will need 1 teaspoon of soda).
Undress your baby completely and wash his face with cool water.
Warm foot bath. After the event, the baby's limbs are well wrapped.
Air humidification. This will make the baby's breathing easier.
Antihistamine. The child can be given the following medications: Tavegil, Suprastin, Fenistil, Zyrtec.
Medicine for spasms. No-shpa, Drotaverine or Papaverine will help stop the attack.

Doctor Komarovsky about stenosing and other types of laryngitis - video

Laryngitis is a common pathology in children, which, if treated inadequately, can lead to serious complications. But if the treatment tactics are chosen correctly, the disease recedes very quickly, leaving no consequences.

In children immune system is not fully formed, so they often develop infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Usually the problem is faced by kids who have just started school. preschool. In this article we will look at how and with what to treat laryngitis in children at home.

Regular viral diseases weaken local protection, resulting in recurrent or chronic pathologies. For example, during one cold season, laryngitis in children may appear several times.

How to help a child with laryngitis, because at such a young age this disease is fraught with complications? Let's talk about the causes, symptoms, treatment and methods of preventing laryngitis - unpleasant infectious disease. Let's start with a definition.

Laryngitis is a disease accompanied by inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx and vocal cords. The muscular and submucosal layers are also exposed to infection.

It is rare in children under 3 years of age, but in lately the disease is sometimes diagnosed even in infants. This is due to the emergence of new strains of viruses and an increase in the frequency of allergic reactions.

The first symptoms of laryngitis in children

The infectious disease discussed in the article manifests itself in children with a number of nonspecific and specific symptoms. The information below will help you right moment identify the disease and begin treatment.

Hoarseness. With laryngitis, the lumen of the larynx narrows, and the vocal cords do not close completely. This leads to a change in the timbre of the child's voice.
Cough. Children's laryngitis at the initial stage is accompanied by a dry, paroxysmal cough, which intensifies in the evening and at night and interferes with sleep. Proper treatment within a few days starts the process of sputum separation, which indicates the beginning of recovery.
Sore throat . Laryngitis in children is accompanied by a sore throat, the intensity of which varies from person to person. special case different. One child simply has a sore throat, and the second suffers from an unbearable burning sensation. Pain syndrome worsens when food is swallowed.
High temperature . In most cases it is about low-grade fever. But in the case of inflammation of the larynx caused by a virus, the temperature often rises to 40 degrees.
Dyspnea. When the disease occurs, the larynx narrows, resulting in respiratory failure.
Feeling worse . The child is capricious, eats poorly, becomes lethargic and inactive.

I think by now you have gotten an idea of the first symptoms of the disease. As you can see, the picture is unpleasant. I wonder why the disease appears.

Causes of laryngitis in a child

Medical practice shows that the development of childhood laryngitis is determined by constitutional, allergic, infectious and other factors. Let's consider the reasons for the appearance of this infectious disease in children.

Allergies contribute to the appearance of laryngitis in a child. The list of allergens is represented by animal hair, food, and odors of paints and varnishes.
Laryngitis also appears due to a bacterial or viral infection entering the respiratory tract. In this case, the baby is contagious.
Laryngitis appears after using medications for the nose or throat in the form of a spray. The impact of the jet causes a spasm. It is not surprising, because in children the tissues of the pharynx are loose and characterized by an immediate reaction.
Often a spasm of the pharynx is the result of emotional shock. This is due to the poor development of the children's nervous system.
The list of causes of the disease also includes individual characteristics of the body, including the presence of lymphatic-hypoplastic diathesis.

Among common reasons the appearance of laryngitis, high dustiness of the room, overstrain of the vocal cords, consumption of hot drinks, passive smoking.

Features of the treatment of acute laryngitis

Treatment of the disease in children is aimed at eliminating inflammation of the throat. The patient is not recommended to talk much. Since it is difficult to explain to young children that talking makes the situation worse, playing the silent game helps.

Home treatment for laryngitis is carried out in accordance with the doctor’s recommendations. Self-treatment unacceptable. Using medications or folk remedies without the approval of a doctor will harm the developing child’s body.

With laryngitis, cold or hot foods, spicy and salty treats are excluded from the diet. These products are annoying sore throat, which is fraught with complications.

In addition to medications, there are auxiliary procedures which help relieve throat swelling. It's about about hot foot baths and alcohol compresses for the throat. Let's talk about this in more detail below.

First aid for an attack of laryngitis in a child

If your child is having a seizure, call an ambulance. A child who has difficulty breathing has nothing to do at home. Before the doctors arrive, give your baby first aid. This will ease the pain.

Don't panic or make your child nervous. Crying, accompanied by emotional shock, will narrow the larynx and contribute to increased spasm.
Warm water will help relieve swelling alkaline drink. Borjomi will do. If there is no alkaline water, make a solution yourself by dissolving a spoonful of soda in a liter of boiled water. Give your baby a spoon every 15 minutes. It is not recommended to give milk, coffee, juice or compote. These drinks contain many allergens.
Take a steam bath. Take him to the bath, close the drain and turn on the hot water. The room will quickly fill with steam. After 10 minutes in the steam room, the cough will become moisturized.
Foot baths will also help in this situation. After the procedure, wrap your feet and give them warm water.
If the air in the room is dry, humidify it. To do this, wash the floors, hang wet towels around the room, and place a container with liquid.
To prevent an allergic reaction, use antihistamines. Loratadine or Suprastin will do. And No-shpa will help relieve the spasm. When calculating the dosage, consider the age of the child.
For a severe dry cough, a nebulizer with saline solution will help. If the temperature is very high, give an antipyretic.

This is enough to alleviate the child’s suffering until doctors arrive. They know what to do in such a situation and will definitely help. Be patient.

How does Dr. Komarovsky treat laryngitis in children?

Komarovsky is the most famous of doctors with extensive work experience. When treating childhood laryngitis, he advises using common sense as a basis. Parents should know what symptoms the disease has, how to treat it, and what the consequences of inaction are. The doctor recommends focusing treatment not on eliminating the cause of the disease, but on creating comfortable conditions that will contribute to the child’s recovery.

Almost all children experience laryngitis. And causes disease viral infection. As for complications, they are deadly. But if parents know how to help their child, this reduces the likelihood of severe disorders.

In most cases, symptoms of laryngitis appear in daytime, and at night the baby’s condition worsens. To prevent false croup, Komarovsky recommends taking a set of measures.

For treatment, antipyretics are used, including Ibuprofen or Paracetamol.
To alleviate the condition, the patient is given sweet tea, rosehip decoction or compote.
The room creates optimal conditions for recovery. IN summer time Open the windows in the house and humidify the air. The humidity in the room is adjusted to 60%.
To distract the child’s attention from the illness, they read a book, engage him in games, play a cartoon, or give him a drawing set.

These four points are the key to recovery, Komarovsky believes. According to the doctor, the symptoms of the disease have been well studied, and the cause of complications is improper care. The doctor advises that treatment be based on common sense and if signs of difficulty breathing appear, immediately go to the hospital.

Video information

Komarovsky is against the use of antiallergic drugs and antibiotics in the treatment of laryngitis, since in most cases the problem is caused by a viral infection. The doctor does not advise giving expectorants and steam inhalations, since such measures are fraught with deterioration of the condition and subsequent hospitalization.

How to treat laryngitis in children under 3 years of age and older than three

Currently, there are no medications that can instantly eliminate the disease. In order for recovery to occur, comprehensive treatment is carried out, including the use of medications and traditional medicine. And to increase the effect they are performed related procedures.

Folk remedies

Doctors do not deny the effectiveness of folk remedies. Homemade medicines made from natural ingredients used as a supplement speed up the healing process. But before using any such remedy, consultation with an otolaryngologist is required.

And even if the doctor has encouraged the folk remedy, it is recommended to carefully monitor the child, and if the condition worsens at the slightest, call an ambulance. Now let's look at the popular ones folk recipes, used for laryngitis in children.

Pumpkin cake . A piece of pumpkin is peeled and passed through a coarse grater. Rye flour and milk are added to the pumpkin mixture and a thick dough is kneaded. Two cakes are made from the resulting composition, placed on a fabric folded in half and applied to the chest and neck. Warm and keep for 2 hours.
Sea buckthorn decoction . Pour a tablespoon of sea buckthorn berries into two glasses of boiling water, boil for 2 minutes and leave for an hour under the lid. Give the product to the child by spoon 5 times a day or use it to gargle three times a day.
Onion compress . Finely chop a medium onion, place it in a gauze bag and hang it over boiling water in a saucepan. After heating, the bag with onions is applied to the child’s neck. It is important that the compress warms and does not burn.
Carrot juice and milk . Fresh carrot juice is mixed in equal quantities with warm milk and given at least 5 times a day. The dosage for children under two years old is equal to a teaspoon, and older children are given a tablespoon.
Cranberry and honey . Cranberries are doused hot water, put in cheesecloth and squeeze out the juice. Half a glass of juice is mixed with the same amount of honey and given a small spoon once every half hour throughout the day.
Gargling. For children's laryngitis, use an infusion of violet, chamomile or linden color. A spoonful of raw materials is poured with two glasses of boiling water and left for 2 hours. It is recommended to gargle with warm infusion up to 6 times a day. Upon completion of the procedure, the child should not drink for at least half an hour.
Inhalations. Steam inhalations soften the mucous membrane and make breathing free. The solution used is mineral water without gas, a solution consisting of water and a few drops of eucalyptus oil. Carry out the procedure 3 times a day for 15 minutes.
Foot baths . The procedure is most effective at the initial stage of the disease. The child’s feet are lowered into a basin with water heated to 40 degrees for 20 minutes. After the procedure, the child is put on warm socks and placed in a crib.
Peace. If symptoms of the disease manifest themselves, it is recommended not to talk, because during conversation the larynx along with the vocal cords become tense. When treating an illness, rest is required.

When using folk remedies to combat laryngitis at home, be careful. Remedies, including milk, honey, lemon, sage and St. John's wort, can cause allergies, which can lead to dangerous swelling of the throat mucosa. The listed products cannot be used to treat illness in a child under three years of age. For older children they are given in small doses.

Pharmacy products

Used to treat childhood laryngitis medications prescribed by a doctor. Usage pharmaceuticals at will is unacceptable. Medicines prescribed by doctors are divided into six types.

Antihistamines . Medicines are good for calming and relieving swelling. Among such drugs are Zodak, Cetrin, Parlazin and others.
Expectorants . Pharmacies offer an assortment of expectorants, but only a doctor can choose the best option. The drugs soothe the larynx, eliminate coughing and help you sleep. Before bedtime, the child is given Libexin or Sinekod. In the case of wet cough Bronhosan or Alteyka is prescribed.
Absorbable . A list of the most effective remedies that help eliminate throat swelling is presented by Strepsils, Faringosept and Stopangin.
Rinse. Among medications, used for gargling, most often used by Evcar and Ingafitol.
Antipyretics . They come to the rescue when the temperature rises above 38 degrees. In this case, the doctor prescribes Paracetamol, Efferalgan or Panadol. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like Ibufen have also been used.
Physiotherapy . Used in severe cases after the baby is admitted to the hospital. The doctor usually prescribes microwave therapy, ultraviolet irradiation or laryngeal electrophoresis.

As for antibiotics, their use in cases of illness is not always justified. Such drugs are used if the disease is caused by a bacterial infection or there is intoxication of the body. Antibiotics are often used as a measure to help prevent complications.

Bacteria rarely cause laryngitis. More often the causative agent is an infection. Therefore, antibiotic treatment is ineffective. But if their use is justified, the doctor prescribes Augmentin, Suprax, Fartum or Azitrox.