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Manifestations of diffuse gastritis and methods of treatment. Diagnosis and treatment of diffuse gastritis

Diffuse gastritis is a form of inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Today, most of the world's population is susceptible to the disease. The specificity of the disease lies in the uniform distribution inflammatory process along the lining of the digestive organ.

Gastritis is considered a serious disease that cannot be treated indifferently. As practice shows, in many cases, untreated inflammation provokes the development of stomach ulcers. If a person discovers the first signs of diffuse gastritis, you need to urgently consult a doctor to prescribe an examination and proper therapy.

The success of therapy for diffuse gastritis is largely determined by identifying the cause of the disease and immediately contacting a gastroenterologist.

At first, the patient will have to limit his food intake; only tea and mineral water are allowed among drinks. Further, during therapy, it is necessary to exclude certain foods from the usual diet.

Medicines for the diffuse form of gastritis are prescribed based on the factors that caused the inflammation and the symptoms. Antibacterial, antispasmodic, antiemetic, analgesics, carminative or antidiarrheal drugs are prescribed. Vitamin complexes are prescribed.

Treatment of gastritis continues for 2 months. The duration of treatment is influenced by the form and severity of the disease.

Diet

An important point in the treatment of diffuse gastritis is the maintenance special regime nutrition. If the patient neglects his diet, treatment is exclusively medications will not bring fruitful results.

A diet for inflammation of the gastric mucosa involves avoiding the list of products:

Fried, salty and fatty foods;
Hot spices;
Smoked food;
Strong coffee and tea;
Alcoholic drinks;
Too rough products.

The patient's diet must include porridge, especially buckwheat, rice and oatmeal, meat and fish with the exception of fat. Allowed to use fermented milk drinks. It is advisable to steam or boil food; it is possible to bake it in own juice. During this period, the body will benefit from light soups. You will need to take into account the temperature of the food. Hot or cold food is harmful during the treatment of diffuse gastritis.

As with other inflammations of the mucous membrane, nutrition is divided. The patient should eat frequently, at least 5 times a day, in small portions. This allows you not to feel hungry without overeating at the same time.

Folk remedies

Non-drug medications will have a beneficial effect on the body during treatment. First, you will need to consult with your doctor to make sure whether you should resort to home method therapy.

Traditional medicine has created hundreds of recipes for diseases; many doctors do not hesitate to turn to it when prescribing therapy for a patient. There are remedies against diffuse gastritis. If the patient decides to resort to traditional medicine, it is prohibited to stop treatment traditional methods. Non-drug therapy will be an addition to the diet that a person follows and will contribute to a speedy recovery.

Remember, selected herbs in the recipe can cause allergies in the patient. It's worth checking in advance for availability. allergic reactions. If these are unknown, you will have to exclude recipes that contain questionable components. Treatment is not recommended folk remedies children, adolescents and women during pregnancy due to the risk of developing allergies.

There are a number of recipes that are effective in the treatment of diffuse gastritis:

Recipe for pain and heartburn. If diffuse gastritis is characterized by pain and heartburn, the patient is recommended to resort to a prescription. To cook, you need to pour it into a container. boiled water mint, caraway seeds, calamus root, St. John's wort and plantain. Let it brew for 12 hours. The amount of ingredients is determined by the volume of the container. It is recommended to take the tincture every morning before meals for a month.
A prescription for pain. If the patient is suffering from severe pain, it is possible to try a different recipe. The composition includes licorice root, fennel, linden flowers and mint. To prepare, place the mixture in a saucepan, add water and bring to a boil. Leave for three hours. Use the tincture in the morning before meals and before bed.
Flax seed recipe. Counts in an effective way cure diffuse gastritis, especially the chronic form: used linseed oil. A decoction of flax is effective in suppressing pain symptoms. It is not prohibited to take them together. To prepare the decoction, pour a glass of water into a portion of flax seeds and boil. When the decoction has cooled, you will need to take it immediately. Oil should be prepared in the same way, but with the addition of refined oil. Then the liquid is infused for at least a week. Take a teaspoon of oil before meals for a month. The method is recommended by many doctors.

In addition to the basic recipes, there are special properties potato juice, chamomile and aloe, which speed up treatment.

Prevention

Eliminate the possibility of progression diffuse form stomach inflammation is possible if you follow the recommendations for a healthy diet. The right image life, nutritious and regular meals, and the elimination of destructive habits help reduce the risk. Folk remedies can be used as prevention. They are reducing pain symptoms, protect the body from various disorders. This attitude towards one’s own body will protect a person from possible pathologies.

The term “chronic gastritis” should be understood not as one, but as a group of diseases characterized by prolonged inflammation of the gastric mucosa. This pathology occurs in approximately 60-80% of the population and carries with it real threat in the form high risk transformation into malignancy(Cancer).

A common form of the disease is diffuse superficial gastritis: what it is, the causes of its appearance, the main symptoms and treatment methods will be described in this article.

Chronic inflammatory lesion stomach is a multifactorial disease. It was the discovery of Helicobacter (Campylobacter) Pylori that brought chronic gastritis to a higher high level significance, made it possible to improve existing knowledge and develop targeted (eradication) therapy.

The main reasons for the development of pathology are:

In addition, the pathogenesis of the disease includes exposure to occupational hazards(cotton dust, fumes of acids, alkalis), long-term stressful situations, chronic infections, metabolic pathologies, food allergies. Much less often, chronic gastritis is a consequence of congestive heart failure (as a result of tissue hypoxia).

Signs and symptoms

Diffuse superficial gastritis is a persistent inflammation inner shell stomach, which is not accompanied by disruption of the glands (that is, proceeds without disruption secretory function organ). The disease is characterized by a long course with alternating periods of remission and exacerbation.

Diffuse surface form chronic inflammation stomach is a morphological diagnosis, which is established only based on the results endoscopic examination digestive tube - FEGDS. This pathology is often called non-atrophic gastritis or type B gastritis.

The main and most persistent symptom diseases - periodic pain in the upper abdomen. It can be aching or spastic in nature, radiating to subscapular region, upper limbs. It is noteworthy that, unlike peptic ulcer for gastritis pain syndrome common, the patient cannot indicate the exact location of the complaint, which appears 20-30 minutes after eating.

Often the inflammatory process from the stomach spreads to the mucous membrane duodenum, as a result of which gastroduodenitis develops. In that case painful sensations appear at night, often on an empty stomach.

Other, nonspecific, symptoms of diffuse gastritis:

periodic belching of air or sour;
unpleasant burning sensations, discomfort behind the sternum (heartburn);
nausea, extremely rarely - vomiting;
bowel dysfunction in the form of constipation.

At long term inflammation, absorption is impaired necessary for the body microelements and vitamins, resulting in signs of protein deficiency, hypovitaminosis and deficiency anemia (pallor, fatigue, hair loss, brittle nails, burning tongue, sticking in the corners of the mouth).

It is important to understand that in the absence of proper treatment and adequate maintenance of remission against the background advanced inflammation mucosal degeneration develops followed by atrophy. Both of these conditions are considered precancerous.

Treatment of the disease

Only after diagnostic confirmation of the diagnosis (FEGDS, urease test) can treatment begin, which is based on the prescription therapeutic diet, medications and folk remedies to maintain remission.

Diet

At the heart of literate and effective treatment The diffuse form of gastritis involves long-term adherence to a therapeutic diet, the number of which depends on the acid-forming function of the stomach (normal, increased or decreased).

For hyperacid gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, table No. 1, 1a is prescribed. Rich broths made from mushrooms, meat, fish, smoked meats, any marinades, spices and seasonings are completely excluded from the menu. Prohibited fatty varieties meat, spicy, fried foods, fast food, carbonated drinks, confectionery, strong coffee and tea, alcohol.

The diet involves eating steamed or boiled food 5-6 times a day (3 main meals and 2-3 snacks) in small portions. It is recommended to chew food thoroughly and slowly. The last meal should be no later than 3-4 hours before bedtime.

The diet needs to be varied:

vegetable soups with water;
porridge (buckwheat, oatmeal, rice) pureed or boiled;
fermented milk products, cottage cheese casseroles;
vegetable stew, boiled or baked lean meat, fish (hake, pollock);
steam omelet, two soft-boiled eggs per day, day-old bread;
vegetable, mashed potatoes, zrazy, soufflé, meatballs.

The duration of the diet depends on the form of the disease and the body’s response to the treatment. On average it is 1-2 months.

Drug treatment

Drug treatment of diffuse superficial gastritis is a mandatory and integral part of effective therapy, without which it is impossible to achieve recovery.

When it is established that there is an active Helicobacter pylori infection in the body (breathing urease test, FEGDS data), one of the eradication therapy regimens is used (a combination of antibiotics with an antacid):

Clarithromycin (“Klatsid”, “Fromilid”, “Klasine”) with amoxicillin twice a day in combination with an inhibitor proton pump (Rabeprazole, Omeprazole) or dopamine receptor antagonist ( Rennie,Famotidine);
Clarithromycin, Metronidazole(instead of amoxicillin) in combination with Omeprazole or Ranitidine;
Amoxicillin along with Clarithromycin and a proton pump blocker.

The optimal duration of therapy is 7 days; if necessary, the doctor can extend it to two weeks. 14 days after the end of treatment, it is recommended to undergo a control FEGDS, which will confirm positive effect therapy.

In addition to the eradication of H. Pylori, drugs are prescribed that protect and envelop the damaged mucous membrane: Almagel, Phosphalugel. The medicine has proven bactericidal and reparative effects De-Nol(bismuth citrate).

Folk remedies

Recipes and traditional medicine can be used only after the exacerbation has stopped, preferably after consultation with a doctor. They are not the basis of treatment and do not eliminate Helicobacter pylori infection. As a result of their use, some normalization of acidity can be achieved gastric juice and acceleration of reparative processes.

The most popular and effective include:

potato, carrot juice;
olive and sea buckthorn oil;
infusions of flax seeds, chamomile flowers;
a decoction of sea buckthorn berries, calendula, oats, and burdock roots.

Possible complications

TO frequent complications diffuse form chronic gastritis include:

spread of the process to the duodenum - duodenitis;
dystrophy and atrophy of the epithelium followed by its metaplasia (replacement with intestinal epithelium);
the appearance of erosions, the development of gastric ulcers;
malignancy of the inflammatory process (adenocarcinoma).

All persons suffering from chronic gastritis are recommended to perform FEGDS once a year (even without the appearance of signs of exacerbation). This study allows us to identify cancer at the earliest stages.

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Prevention and prognosis

In order to prevent the development of the disease or exacerbations, it is recommended:

modify lifestyle, including diet, exercise;
eliminate bad habits;
minimize the use of NSAIDs, steroids, analgesics (only as prescribed by a doctor);
Seek help promptly if signs of exacerbation appear.

Achieve full recovery with chronic superficial gastritis it is impossible, but it is quite possible to transfer the disease into a stage of stable remission. IN in this case the prognosis is favorable. In addition, the presence of inflammation of the stomach is not a medical reason for military service.

when characteristic complaints it is worth completely limiting heavy physical activity, even running (in this case they negatively affect the secretory and motor functions stomach, inhibit regeneration);
if H. Pylori is detected, check all family members, since the bacterium is easily transmitted by airborne droplets, through household items. The patient needs to allocate separate funds hygiene and dishes.
diversify your diet with dairy products, which effectively “heal” the mucous membrane.

Diffuse gastritis is considered one of the types of disease causing inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Today, the majority of the world's population is increasingly faced with gastritis, the treatment of which must be taken with full responsibility. There are many common cases where, without proper treatment or neglect, a person develops a stomach ulcer.

Basically, diffuse gastritis is a consequence acute gastritis, which over time develops into chronic without timely treatment.

Stages of disease development

Gastritis is one of the common diseases modern society, which spares absolutely no one. The disease can be detected in anyone, but most often it occurs in schoolchildren and students. The development of the disease begins with early stage, and without proper timely treatment the situation gets worse.

The first stage of the disease is the appearance of superficial gastritis. In this case, there is shallow inflammation gastrointestinal tract, which did not have time to spread too deeply. Usually, with superficial gastritis, the patient does not yet suspect the disease and does not carry out treatment, without which gastritis develops to the next stage.

It also has no special symptoms and is discovered by chance. However, it is worth remembering that at this stage the disease requires high-quality treatment, and the patient should be sent for diagnosis to specialists. Without timely treatment, chronic superficial gastritis spreads to the deep layers of the stomach and progresses to the next stage.

Diffuse subatrophic or atrophic gastritis occurs. Both types are characterized by nausea and vomiting, heaviness after eating and pain in the abdominal area. With diffuse gastritis, damaged cells of the gastrointestinal tract are no longer able to recover at the proper speed, and irreversible changes occur - the development of diffuse gastritis.

Causes of the occurrence and development of the disease

The causes of diffuse gastritis can be many factors; usually the disease develops due to their combination. The main factor of the disease is non-compliance with the correct diet or poor quality food. That is why schoolchildren and working people are most susceptible to the disease, whose daily routine often does not allow them to consume healthy food. Various processed foods and food instant cooking, fast foods, fatty and fried foods, as well as copious amount food additives negatively affect stomach health, putting it at risk of disease.

Besides poor quality nutrition, the cause of gastritis can also be an incorrect daily routine or sleep disturbance. Lack of rest or working at night will negatively affect the health of the body, and a large amount of stress and tension will also have a bad effect on the state of the nervous and digestive systems.

Availability bad habits also puts you at risk of developing the disease. A long history of smoking, alcohol abuse, or even taking medications for empty stomach prevent the regeneration of mucosal tissues, which, together with an already acquired disease, only aggravate the situation.

Symptoms of diffuse gastritis

The symptoms of the disease are very unstable and appear mainly during its development, since the course of the disease occurs asymptomatically. initial stages. On early stage from the symptoms one can distinguish only a temporary weakened state of the patient, excessive sweating, constant drowsiness and fatigue, however, it is impossible to diagnose gastritis based on these signs, and most often everything is attributed to stress or lack of rest.

A feature of the disease is widespread inflammation evenly over the entire surface of the gastrointestinal tract. This gastritis is quite serious illnesses, and you shouldn’t ignore it: it won’t go away on its own. At advanced stage possible growth formation cancerous tumor in the stomach, so treatment should begin as soon as the problem is discovered.

At the early stage of the disease, the gastric mucosa becomes inflamed, which becomes chronic over time. After a short period of time, the mucous membrane begins to atrophy, then the glandular cells die and are replaced by fibrinous tissue. The symptoms of diffuse gastritis are similar to its other types: pain in the body, rapid weight loss, vomiting and nausea.

At first, pain occurs quite rarely, but soon its intensity and frequency of occurrence become more frequent. This is due to the progression of the disease; pain occurs at any time, but most often occurs after eating. Weight loss occurs due to impaired digestive functions in the stomach, due to atrophy of the mucous membrane. And nausea-vomiting reflexes visit a person after eating, usually after vomiting the patient becomes noticeably better. It is worth remembering that when feeling unwell and the presence of at least one of the above symptoms, you should contact your doctor and conduct a diagnostic examination.

How to treat the disease?

If the disease or the first exacerbations are detected, it is recommended to immediately seek help from doctors and carry out necessary tests and examination to treat diffuse gastritis in a timely manner.

In the first days after painful attacks, you should limit the amount of food you eat. Treatment of diffuse gastritis should occur with sufficient quantity vitamins necessary for the body, and medications prescribed by the doctor. In addition, if the cause of the disease is a bacteria, antibiotic treatment should be prescribed.

Diet for diffuse gastritis is of particular importance. It is best to drink easily digestible liquids and avoid solid foods, which can mechanically damage the inflamed mucous membrane. Ideal drink mineral waters and tea from medicinal herbs, you can drink juices with neutral acidity and alkalinity. During treatment, you should completely avoid the use of smoked meats, spices and spicy food, strong tea and coffee, alcoholic drinks, salty, fatty and fried foods. The consumption of instant foods and fast food is absolutely contraindicated. The recommended menu is to eat low-fat boiled food.

Allowed to eat various cereals, suitable low-fat varieties meat and fish, a small intake of fermented milk products is possible, but the latter should be consumed carefully, and if your health worsens, it is better to avoid them. Of particular benefit are light soups and decoctions that will envelop damaged mucous membranes and soothe the stomach. Cooking methods are also limited: steaming, boiling or baking in its own juices is allowed. You can use decoctions and infusions of herbs, not sour compotes. Also, during treatment, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of the food consumed; too hot or cold is contraindicated. It should be remembered that without following a diet, drug treatment may not bring the desired effect.

In the treatment of gastritis, they have gained wide popularity traditional methods, however, it is necessary to remember that this treatment can only alleviate the patient’s condition or relieve the manifestations of the disease, but it is impossible to cure diffuse gastritis in this way. Application folk ways occurs only in the case positive influence on the gastrointestinal tract, as prescribed by the attending physician and in combination with therapy.

Contents of the article:

According to medical statistics There are fewer and fewer people who have no problems in the housing and utilities sector. On at the moment 60% of the population of our planet suffers from certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Among them, one of the most common is gastritis.

Unfortunately, absolutely all people are susceptible to this disease, regardless of age group. Children can get sick preschool age, and so do old people. Gastritis is enough hidden disease, since it can develop without any symptoms for a long time.

There are a great many gastritis, however, in this article we will consider such a phenomenon as diffuse superficial gastritis. This type of gastritis is the consequences of acute and then chronic gastritis, which were not treated for a long time and ended up in a neglected state.

Symptoms

Diffuse gastritis is enough serious illness, which in mandatory must be treated. This disease cannot be started, as it is high probability may cause cancer.

During development of this disease inflammation of the gastric mucosa begins, after which it becomes chronic. After some time (for some people this is a month, and for some a year), which depends on individual factors, the process of atrophy of the gastric mucosa begins. Dying cells begin to be replaced by fibrous tissue.

The following symptoms begin to appear:

pain. At the beginning of the development of the disease, pain occurs infrequently, but as it progresses, the pain becomes stronger and stronger. It can occur at any time of the day or night, but, as a rule, most often manifests itself after eating;
nausea, vomiting. Nausea begins to appear at a more serious stage of development of the disease; the more advanced the disease, the stronger it becomes with a gradual transition to vomiting attacks. After vomiting there are moments of relief;
weight loss. The efficiency of the stomach decreases, and due to pain and nausea, a person reduces the number of meals, which together leads to weight loss.

Diagnostics

When diagnosing diffuse superficial gastritis, several methods are used:

inspection. This is the most primary diagnosis, and it does not give specific results, however, if the patient complains of pain, and for this reason can only sit leaning forward, this a clear sign stomach problems. The fact is that sitting in an inclined position reduces pressure on the stomach, and this reduces pain;
inpatient examination. This method consists of feeling abdominal cavity and inspection skin sick. If a person suffers from gastritis, he will complain of pain in the upper right region of the abdomen;
test for the acidity of gastric juice. To perform this, probing is carried out, after which laboratory tests sample taken;
availability determination Helicobacter pylori in the stomach. Done through a stool test or respiratory test;
visual examination of the gastric mucosa. Carried out using a fibrogastroscope, it is the most precise method making a diagnosis. The method consists of introducing oral cavity patient with a thin flexible tube, at the end of which there is a camera that transmits an image to the monitor.

Diet

Treatment of diffuse superficial gastritis is strictly necessary, and the sooner it begins, the more effect it will be possible to obtain. Very important role Diet plays a role in treatment; without strict adherence to it, medications will not help.

The patient is strictly prohibited from eating foods that contain various dyes, flavor enhancers, preservatives, smoked, fried or fatty foods, coffee, carbonated and alcoholic drinks. You should eat a variety of cereals, low-fat meat, lean fish, fermented milk products in limited quantities.

All food should be steamed, boiled or baked in its own juices. Great benefit They will bring soups, for example, rice. The food you eat should not be hot or cold, it should be in a warm state, this reduces the load on the stomach and speeds up its digestion.

Food should be taken in small portions 5-6 times a day. There should be no more than 3 hours between meals. This will provide the stomach with a low-load operating mode, which will enhance the healing effect.

Drug treatment

Together with special diet the patient is assigned an accompanying person drug treatment, which helps eliminate the symptoms of the disease and promotes healing of the mucous membrane.

All offered medications can be divided into:

medicines with the effect of protective coating of the stomach, these are medicines such as “Maalox”, “Almagel”, “Aosfalugen”;
medications that suppress the production of digestive enzymes in the body, such as Famotidine, Omerpazole;
medications that increase gastric motility;
drugs that accelerate the own production of a protective mucous layer, these are “Biogastron”, “Solcoseryl”;
various anbiotics that specialize in the fight against Helicobacter pylori.

Treatment with traditional methods

Of course, the first place in the treatment of any gastritis is to see a doctor and take the medications prescribed by him while following a diet, but you should not neglect traditional treatment, which has many useful recipes in its arsenal. They will be a good addition to the main treatment and will speed up the recovery of the body.

Decoction for pain and constant heartburn

Take one teaspoon peppermint, calamus root with two tablespoons of plantain and St. John's wort and add to this another 1/3 teaspoon of cumin seeds. All this needs to be poured with a couple of glasses of boiling water and allowed to brew for half a day.

The decoction should be taken on an empty stomach, in the morning, two teaspoons at a time. Similar treatment should continue for a month.

Decoction for pain

Take one tablespoon of licorice (root), five fennel fruits, three tablespoons linden color, and ½ teaspoon peppermint. Place the herbs in a saucepan, cover with water and bring to a boil over low heat. Next, wrap the container in rags and let it sit for at least three hours. Then strain and place in a cold place.

You need to take the decoction on an empty stomach in the morning, and half a glass before bed. When taking the decoction, it is necessary to warm it up to warm state. To improve the taste, you can add half a teaspoon of honey to one serving.

Potato juice

Potato juice is considered sufficient effective means from gastritis. The recipe for its preparation is quite simple, you just need to grate pre-peeled potatoes (1 medium-sized potato) on a fine grater, squeeze the juice out of the resulting mass using gauze and take it three times a day (morning, lunch and evening).

At the same time, if you have severe pain, then this juice can be taken every two hours. One course this treatment should last two weeks, after which it is necessary to take a break.