General ultraviolet irradiation. Ultraviolet irradiation for the prevention of acute respiratory infections
Ultraviolet radiation The sun and artificial sources are a spectrum electromagnetic vibrations in the range of 180-400 nm. According to the biological effect on the body and depending on the wavelength, the UV spectrum is divided into three parts:
A (400-320nm) - long-wave UV radiation (LUV)
B (320-280 nm) - mid-wave (SUV);
C - (280-180 nm) - short-wave (SWF).
The mechanism of action of UV rays is based on the ability of certain atoms and molecules to selectively absorb light energy. As a result, tissue molecules enter an excited state, which triggers photochemical processes in UV-sensitive protein, DNA and RNA molecules.
Photolysis of epidermal cell proteins leads to biological release active substances(histamine, acetylcholine, prostaglandins, etc.), which, when entering the bloodstream, cause vasodilation and migration of leukocytes. Equally important are reflex reactions caused by the activation of numerous receptors by photolysis products and biologically active substances, as well as the humoral effect on the nervous, endocrine, immune and other systems of the body. Naturally, UV radiation causes responses from the human body, which form the basis of physiological and therapeutic effect UV rays.
One of the main components of this therapeutic effect is the effects associated with the formation of ultraviolet (or photochemical) erythema. SUV radiation with a wavelength of 297 nm has the maximum erythema-forming property.
UV erythema has anti-inflammatory, desensitizing, trophic-regenerative, and analgesic effects. The antirachitic effect of UV rays lies in the fact that, under the influence of this radiation, vitamin D is formed in the irradiated skin. Therefore, UV irradiation is a specific therapeutic and preventive procedure for children suffering from rickets.
The bactericidal effect of ultraviolet radiation is widely used. There are direct and indirect bactericidal effects of UV rays. As a result direct action coagulation and denaturation of microorganism proteins occurs on the surface of the wound, mucous membrane, which leads to death bacterial cell. The indirect effect of UV radiation is associated with changes in the immunobiological reactivity of the body under the influence of UV rays.
UV rays actively affect lipid, protein and carbohydrate metabolism. Under the influence of their suberythemal doses, vitamin D3 is synthesized in the skin from cholesterol derivatives, which controls phosphorus-calcium metabolism. They reduce the content of atherogenic blood cholesterol in patients with atherosclerosis.
UV rays in small doses improve the processes of higher nervous activity, improve cerebral circulation, affect tone cerebral vessels, increase the body’s resistance to adverse environmental factors. The tone of the autonomic nervous system changes depending on the dose of UV radiation: large doses reduce the tone sympathetic system, and small ones activate the sympathoadrenal system, the adrenal cortex, the function of the pituitary gland, and the thyroid gland.
Due to its diverse action, ultraviolet irradiation (along with UHF therapy and ultrasound therapy) has found wide application for prevention and treatment wide range diseases.
Determination of biodose
UV radiation is dosed biological method Gorbachev-Dakfeld. The method is simple and is based on the property of UV rays to cause erythema when irradiating the skin. The unit of measurement in this method is one biodose. One biodose is the minimum time of irradiation of a given patient from a certain distance certain source UV rays, which is necessary to obtain a weak, but clearly defined erythema. Time is measured in seconds or minutes.
The biodose is determined in the abdomen, buttocks or on back side forearm of any hand from a distance of 10-50 cm from the emitter to the irradiated part of the body. The biodosimeter is fixed on the body. Alternately after 30-60 seconds. The skin is irradiated through the six holes of the biodosimeter by opening the shutter in front of the windows (previously closed by it). Thus, if each window is opened after 60 seconds, the skin in the area of the first window will be irradiated for 6 minutes, in the area of the second - 5 minutes. etc., in the sixth zone - 1 min.
The result of biodosometry is checked after 24 hours. One biodose will be considered the weakest skin hyperemia. With a change in the distance from the emitted surface to obtain the same biodose, the irradiation time changes in inverse proportion to the square of the distance. For example, if the time to receive one biodose from a distance of 20 cm is 2 minutes, then from a distance of 40 cm it will take 8 minutes. The irradiation time can be selected discretely from 30 seconds. up to 60 seconds, and the distance from the body (its skin) to the emitter is from 10 cm to 50 cm. It all depends on the type of skin, but you need to choose these parameters in such a way as to get a clear picture of skin erythema.
Skin sensitivity to UV rays depends on many reasons, among which the most important are the location of exposure, skin color, time of year, age and initial condition of the patient. The diseases that a person suffers also play a significant role. With photodermatoses, eczema, gout, liver diseases, hyperthyroidism, etc., the sensitivity of the skin to UV rays is increased, with other pathologies (bedsores, frostbite, trophic wounds, gas gangrene, erysipelas, diseases peripheral nerves and the spinal cord below the level of the lesion, etc.) the sensitivity of the skin to ultraviolet radiation, on the contrary, is reduced. In addition, there is a large list of contraindications for treatment with UV rays that you need to know. Therefore, in order to successfully and correctly apply ultraviolet irradiation treatment, it is necessary to consult with your doctor, a specialist in the field of physical methods of treatment.
Indications for UV irradiation
General UFO is used for:
Local ultraviolet radiation has a wider range of indications and is used:
With regard to the differentiated use of UV rays of different wavelengths, the following can be noted. Indications for long-wave ultraviolet irradiation (UV-400 nm * 320 nm) are acute inflammatory diseases internal organs(especially respiratory system), diseases of joints and bones of various etiologies, burns and frostbite, slow-healing wounds and ulcers, psoriasis, eczema, vitiligo, seborrhea. (Equipment: OUFk-01 and OUFk-03 "Solnyshko")
General UFOs are appointed taking into account individual characteristics and skin sensitivity to UV irradiation according to the main or accelerated scheme. To normalize the immune status in chronic sluggish inflammatory processes, as well as for the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections, non-erythema general ultraviolet irradiation is carried out with long and medium waves from a distance of 50-100 cm.
Irradiate sequentially the anterior, posterior and side surfaces bodies. During all procedures, protective glasses are worn over the eyes. UV irradiation using the PUVA therapy method (or photochemotherapy) is carried out as follows. Patients with psoriasis or parapsoriatic diseases are given orally or externally furocoumarin preparations (puvalen, psoralen, beroxan, etc.) in an appropriate dose. The drugs are taken only on the day of the procedure, 1 time 2 hours before irradiation after meals, washed down with milk. The patient's individual photosensitivity is determined in the usual way with a biodosimeter, but also 2 hours after taking the drug. The procedure begins with minimal suberythemal doses.
Medium-wave ultraviolet irradiation is indicated for acute and subacute inflammatory diseases of internal organs, consequences of injuries musculoskeletal system, diseases of the peripheral nervous system of vertebrogenic etiology with severe pain syndrome, rickets, secondary anemias, metabolic disorders, erysipelas. (Equipment: OUFd-01, OUFv-02 “Solnyshko”).
Short-wave ultraviolet irradiation is used for acute and subacute diseases of the skin, nasopharynx, inner ear, and for the treatment of wounds with a risk of attachment anaerobic infection, skin tuberculosis. (Equipment: OUFb-04 "Sun").
Contraindications for local and general UV irradiation are malignant neoplasms, systemic connective tissue diseases, active form of pulmonary tuberculosis, hyperthyroidism, febrile states, tendency to bleeding, circulatory failure of degrees II and III, arterial hypertension III degrees, severe atherosclerosis, kidney and liver diseases with insufficiency of their function, cachexia, malaria, increased sensitivity to UV rays, photodermatoses, myocardial infarction (first 2-3 weeks), acute disorder cerebral circulation.
Some private methods of ultraviolet therapy
Flu.
The face, chest and back are irradiated daily with erythema doses for 2-3 days. For catarrhal symptoms in the pharynx, the pharynx is irradiated for 4 days through a tube. IN the latter case irradiation begins with 1/2 biodose, adding 1-1/2 biodose in subsequent irradiations.
Infectious and allergic diseases.
Application of UV rays to the skin chest using a perforated oilcloth localizer (PCL). The PCL determines the area to be irradiated (prescribed by the attending physician). Dose - 1-3 biodoses. Irradiation every other day, 5-6 procedures.
Acute respiratory diseases.
In the first days of the disease, ultraviolet irradiation of the nasal mucosa in suberythemal doses is prescribed, counting on the bactericidal effect of UV radiation.
Rhinitis is acute.
UV irradiation of the plantar surfaces of the feet is prescribed. Dose 5-6 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 4-5 procedures. UV irradiation through a tube of the nasal mucosa in the stage of attenuation of exudative phenomena. Irradiation begins with one biodose. By adding 1/2 biodose daily, the irradiation intensity is increased to 4 biodoses.
Acute laryngotracheitis.
UV irradiation is carried out on the trachea area and on the skin of the back of the neck. Radiation dose - 1 biodose. Irradiation is carried out every other day, adding 1 biodose each, the course of treatment is 4 procedures. If the disease is prolonged, then after 10 days a UV irradiation of the chest is prescribed through an oilcloth perforated localizer. Dose - 2-3 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
Acute bronchitis (tracheobronchitis).
UV irradiation is prescribed from the first days of the disease on the anterior surface of the neck, sternum, and interscapular region. Dose - 3-4 biodoses. Irradiation alternates every other day on the posterior and anterior surfaces of the chest. Course of treatment 4 procedures.
Chronic catarrhal bronchitis.
UV irradiation of the chest is prescribed 5-6 days from the onset of the disease. UV irradiation is carried out through a localizer. Dose - 2-3 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 5 irradiations. During the period of remission of the disease, general ultraviolet radiation is prescribed according to the basic regimen daily. The course of treatment is 12 procedures.
Bronchial asthma.
Both general and local irradiation can be used. The chest is divided into 10 sections, each measuring 12x5 centimeters. Only one area is irradiated with erythema doses daily, bounded by line connecting the lower corners of the shoulder blades, and on the chest - a line passing 2 cm below the nipples.
Lung abscess
(Carried out in combination with UHF, SMV, infrared and magnetotherapy). IN early stage(before formation purulent cavity) ultraviolet irradiation is prescribed. Dose - 2-3 biodoses. Irradiation every other day. Course of treatment 3 procedures.
Hidradenitis axillary
(In combination with SMV, UHF, infrared, laser and magnetotherapy). In the infiltration stage, ultraviolet irradiation of the axillary area every other day. Radiation dose - 1-2-3 biodoses successively. Treatment course: 3 irradiations.
Purulent wounds.
Irradiation is carried out at a dose of 4-8 biodoses in order to create conditions for the best rejection of disintegrated tissues. In the second phase - in order to stimulate epithelization - irradiation is carried out in small suberythemal (i.e., not causing erythema) doses. The irradiation is repeated after 3-5 days. UFO is carried out after the primary surgical treatment. Dose - 0.5-2 biodoses, course of treatment 5-6 irradiations.
Clean wounds.
Irradiation is used in 2-3 biodoses, and the surface of undamaged skin surrounding the wound is also irradiated at a distance of 3-5 cm. Irradiation is repeated after 2-3 days.
Ligament and muscle ruptures.
UV irradiation is used in the same way as when irradiating clean wounds.
Bone fractures.
UV-bactericidal radiation of the fracture site or segmented zones is carried out after 2-3 days, each time increasing the dose by 2 biodoses, the initial one - 2 biodoses. Treatment course: 3 procedures for each zone.
General ultraviolet radiation is prescribed 10 days after the fracture according to the basic regimen daily. The course of treatment is 20 procedures.
UV irradiation in the postoperative period.
Ultraviolet radiation after tonsillectomy of the tonsil niches is prescribed 2 days after the operation. Irradiation is prescribed with 1/2 biodose on each side. Daily increasing the dose by 1/2 biodose, the irradiation intensity is increased to 3 biodoses. The course of treatment is 6-7 procedures.
Boils, hidradenitis, phlegmon and mastitis.
UFO begins with a suberythemal dose and quickly increases to 5 biodoses. Radiation dose - 2-3 biodoses. The procedures are carried out after 2-3 days. The lesion is protected from healthy areas of the skin using a sheet or towel.
Chronic tonsillitis.
UV irradiation of the tonsils through a tube with a 45% cut bevel begins with 1/2 biodose, daily increased by 1/2 biodose every 2 procedures. Courses are held 2 times a year. A sterile tube is used to press the tongue through the patient’s wide open mouth so that the tonsil becomes accessible to UV irradiation. The right and left tonsils are irradiated alternately.
Otitis externa.
UV irradiation through a tube ear canal. Dose - 1-2 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 6 procedures.
Furuncle of the nose.
UV exposure of the nasal vestibule through a tube. Dose - 2-3 biodoses every other day. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
Tuberculosis of bones.
UV irradiation with the long-wave part of the spectrum is prescribed according to a slow scheme. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
Eczema.
UFO is prescribed according to the basic scheme daily. The course of treatment is 18-20 procedures.
Psoriasis.
Ural irradiation is prescribed as RUVA therapy (photochemotherapy). Long-wave UV irradiation is performed in combination with a photosensitizer (puvalene, aminefurin) taken by the patient 2 hours before irradiation at a dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram of body weight. The dose of radiation is prescribed depending on the sensitivity of the patient’s skin to UV rays. On average, ultraviolet radiation begins with a dose of 2-3 J/cm 2 and is increased to 15 J/cm 2 by the end of the course of treatment. Irradiation is carried out for 2 consecutive days with a rest day. The course of treatment is 20 procedures.
UV irradiation with a mid-wave spectrum (SUV) starts with 1/2 according to an accelerated scheme. The course of treatment is 20-25 irradiations.
Gastritis is chronic.
UV irradiation is prescribed for the anterior abdominal skin and skin of the back. UFO is carried out in zones with an area of 400 cm2. Dose - 2-3 biodoses for each area every other day. The course of treatment is 6 irradiations.
Vulvitis.
Appointed:
1. Ultraviolet irradiation external genitalia. Irradiation is carried out daily or every other day, starting with 1 biodose. Gradually adding 1/2 biodoses, the intensity of the effect is increased to 3 biodoses. The course of treatment is 10 irradiations.
2. General ultraviolet irradiation according to an accelerated scheme. Irradiation is carried out daily, starting with 1/2 biodose. Gradually adding 1/2 biodoses, the intensity of the effect is increased to 3-5 biodoses. The course of treatment is 15-20 irradiations.
Bartholinitis.
Ultraviolet irradiation of the external genitalia is prescribed. Radiation dose - 1-3 biodoses daily or every other day. The course of treatment is 5-6 irradiations.
Colpitis.
Ultraviolet irradiation using a tube is prescribed. Dose - 1/2-2 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 10 procedures. Cervical erosion. Ultraviolet irradiation of the cervical area is prescribed using a tube and a gynecological speculum. Dose - 1/2-2 biodoses daily. Doses are increased every two procedures by 1/2 biodose. The course of treatment is 10-12 procedures.
For inflammation of the uterus, appendages, pelvic peritoneum and tissue
Ultraviolet irradiation is prescribed skin pelvic area along the fields. Dose - 2-5 biodoses for each field. Irradiation is carried out daily. Each field is irradiated 3 times with a break of 2-3 days. The course of treatment is 10-12 procedures.
In the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with various diseases, therapeutic physical factors, both natural and artificially obtained, occupy a large place.
Therapeutic physical factors have a homeostatic effect on various organs and systems, help increase the body’s resistance to adverse effects, enhance its protective and adaptive mechanisms, have a pronounced sanogenic effect, increase the effectiveness of other therapeutic agents and weaken side effects medicines. Their use is accessible, highly effective and cost-effective.
It is very important to understand that ultraviolet physiotherapy is one of the most important components of the entire complex of physical methods of treatment and rehabilitation of patients. The advantage of therapeutic physical factors is fully realized when they are correct use and combination with other treatment, preventive and rehabilitation measures.
Correct use of the procedure will help cure acute and chronic processes, improve the general condition and help achieve maximum effect in treatment.
Action
What is UV therapy? This is a technique that allows you to treat foci of the inflammatory process using ultraviolet radiation. The manipulation is completely painless; it increases blood flow in injured areas and ensures an active supply of leukocytes to relieve inflammation.
This technique has found wide application in the treatment of ENT pathologies, since it allows you to regulate the length of the waves and the depth of their action. With short and shallow penetration it can have a bactericidal and antiviral effect. Average depth (from 280 nm) helps to activate the work of vitamins and improve the activity of immune processes in the body. Long-wave irradiation can form pigments and stimulate the immune system.
In the treatment of ENT pathologies, the method has the following effects:
- Relieves inflammatory processes.
- Works as a pain reliever.
- Improves or activates regeneration processes on cellular level, thereby accelerating the healing process.
- Bactericidal. Destroys microorganisms on the surface of wound areas or in inflammatory areas.
- Improves and restores metabolic processes.
This physiotherapy procedure is often prescribed to small children for preventive or therapeutic purposes with a lack of vitamin D. Due to its deficiency, rickets can develop, and when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, the vitamin is actively synthesized, preventing the disease from developing.
Indications for use
UV therapy should not be used without apparent reason or without a prescription. Only when it occurs pathological processes in ENT organs, after examination and staging accurate diagnosis, the doctor can make an appointment.
The use of ultraviolet rays is recommended for:
- Acute and chronic tonsillitis.
- Treatment and prevention of bronchitis.
- Sinusitis and sinusitis.
- Enlarged adenoids in children.
- Rhinitis.
- Therapy for ear diseases.
- Pharyngitis.
In some cases, doctors prescribe UV therapy to stimulate or restore the active functioning of the immune system, as well as prophylactic against respiratory viral infections.
Before proceeding with the procedure, it is necessary to accurately establish the diagnosis, since there are a number of contraindications due to which complications may develop.
Contraindications for use
To restore the cell, its regeneration and protective functions In case of injuries or infections, it is recommended to use UV physiotherapy. But despite the effectiveness this method treatment, there are contraindications to its use:
- Any stage of oncology development.
- Autoimmune processes that are accompanied by sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, for example, lupus.
- Acute purulent inflammatory processes.
- Excessive fragility of blood vessels and frequent bleeding.
- Stomach ulcer, tuberculosis and arterial hypertension.
While pregnant or breastfeeding You can undergo physiotherapy only with the permission of your attending physician. The appointment is performed in case of inflammation of the nasal or oral mucosa.
Therapy using ultraviolet irradiation in correct dosages and with the right approach - indispensable assistant, effective remedy in the fight against ENT pathologies.
ENT diseases and ultraviolet treatment
If there are ENT pathologies, the doctor may prescribe radiation in the following cases:
- ARVI. For the purpose of prevention or treatment of respiratory viral infections, daily dosed irradiation of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx and nasal mucosa is carried out. For adults, one minute is enough, for children half a minute.
- For bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma. To carry out irradiation and eliminate foci of inflammation, it is necessary to “treat” 5 fields of the chest. When irradiating zones 1 and 2, the patient lies on his stomach, the manipulation is carried out over half of the posterior surface of the sternum (either side) or where inflammatory process. When treating the lateral surfaces of the chest, the patient takes a “lying on his side” position with his arm thrown behind his head; this is considered the third and fourth area for irradiation. The fifth zone is located on the anterior side of the sternum with right side, V in this case the patient should lie on his back. It is necessary to irradiate each zone separately. In one day, you can perform only one procedure on one of the selected areas. The physiotherapy procedure takes about 5 minutes, each area should be treated 2-3 times.
- Acute rhinitis, pharyngitis and laryngotracheitis. For a runny nose at the initial stage, the lower surface of the feet is irradiated for 4 days for 10 minutes. Also, using a special tube, UV irradiation of the mucous surfaces of the nose and pharynx is carried out starting from 30 seconds to a couple of minutes for 5 days. For pharyngitis and laryngotracheitis, ultraviolet radiation is used on the anterior surface of the chest, trachea and posterior surface of the neck. Rays on the back wall of the pharynx (using a tube) have a good effect. The manipulation takes no more than 10 minutes, therapy is carried out for one week.
- Chronic tonsillitis. For inflammation of the tonsils, use a special tube with a cut ring. It is necessary to open your mouth wide and press your tongue to the bottom as much as possible; the cut side of the tube is directed directly to the affected tonsils. The impact should be alternated on each side for 2–3 minutes. The course of therapy is from a week to 10 days.
The possibilities of physiotherapy are enormous and, with the right approach, have the most positive effect on the body and affected areas, destroying pathogenic microorganisms, improving metabolic processes, accelerating healing and cell regeneration.
Features of the event
So that the treatment is correct and does not harm general condition patient, you should go to a medical institution where you will be provided with proper care using special equipment. However, there are also portable devices that can be used independently at home.
Step-by-step implementation of the physiotherapy technique:
- To irradiate one of the selected zones, it is necessary to select the correct tube. There are several types of them, depending on the area that needs to be treated.
- Before use, the device must be turned on and warmed up.
- The session begins with 30 seconds and gradually increases the time limits to the period specified by the doctor.
- After completing the manipulation, the lamp must be turned off.
- The patient should rest for half an hour.
The duration of the manipulation, the length of ultrasound penetration, the course of therapy - all this is prescribed and selected by the attending physician immediately after making an accurate diagnosis. Self-medication is very dangerous, especially at home.
UV physiotherapy, indications and contraindications, benefits and harms
Thus, short-wave ultraviolet radiation (nm) has bactericidal, mycocidal and antiviral effects, which, however, depend on several circumstances. Short ultraviolet rays (approximately 254 nm) have special sanitizing properties; they are absorbed by nucleic acids, proteins and DNA. The pathogens die from lethal mutations and lose their ability to reproduce and grow. Ultraviolet irradiation leads to the destruction of a number of toxins, including diphtheria, tetanus and dysentery, and also destroys the causative agents of typhoid fever and staphylococcus.
Thus, short-wave ultraviolet radiation helps patients suffering from acute and subacute inflammatory diseases of the skin and nasopharynx (both nose and tonsils). This effect is indicated for inflammation of the inner ear, in the presence of wounds that may suffer from the addition of an anaerobic infection, and for skin tuberculosis.
Methods and techniques for conducting UFO procedures
In medical practice, there are 2 main groups of ultraviolet radiation - general and local.
With general ultraviolet irradiation, the front and back surfaces of the human torso and limbs are exposed, and the slow scheme is used for weakened patients with low nutrition and weakened reactivity, and the accelerated scheme is used for healthy people.
The main group-scheme of ultraviolet radiation is used for patients with sufficiently good reactivity of the body or healthy people for the prevention of influenza, skin diseases, and in some cases - to pregnant women.
With a slow scheme, ultraviolet radiation begins with 1/8 biodose, gradually increasing to 2.5 biodoses with repeated procedures. In this case, ultraviolet irradiation procedures are usually carried out daily, and from 26 to 28 procedures are prescribed for the entire course of treatment.
According to the basic scheme of the general UV procedure, they start with 1/4 biodoses and increase to a maximum of 3 biodoses. For the entire course of treatment, 16 to 20 ultraviolet irradiation procedures are prescribed, carried out every other day or daily.
The accelerated scheme of general ultraviolet irradiation begins with 1/2 biodoses and is increased to 4 biodoses; it is used practically healthy people or young people with good reactivity to bone fractures. If it is necessary to carry out a repeated course of UFO procedures, the interval between them should be at least 2 months.
When carrying out local ultraviolet irradiation procedures on the skin in the area of the pathological focus, erythemal doses are most often used, which are divided into small - ranging from 1 to 2 biodoses, medium intensity - from 3 to 4 biodoses, high intensity - over 8 biodoses.
In turn, the general Ural Federal District is divided into 3 subgroups-schemes:
When performing one procedure, an area of the skin in the area of the pathological focus with an area of no more than 600 cm 2 can be irradiated with erythemal ultraviolet irradiation. As shown by many years medical practice In the Ural Federal District, when intense erythema occurs over large areas of the skin, patients experience such phenomena as increased body temperature, headache, nervous and muscle fatigue (the same phenomena are also observed with prolonged exposure to sunlight on the human body in clear weather in the summer). Repeated ultraviolet irradiation in certain biodoses when affecting the same area of the skin is carried out, as a rule, 1-3 days after the first procedure, when the resulting erythema begins to weaken. The same area of the skin in the area of the pathological focus cannot be irradiated with erythemal doses of UV irradiation more than 3-4 times due to the fact that with repeated UV irradiation procedures in the same area, the sensitivity of the skin decreases. But in some cases intensive care UV irradiation of mucous membranes and wound areas, procedures are carried out in the same place many times - from 10 to 15 procedures or more (in the absence of unforeseen complications).
Erythemal UV irradiation is carried out when:
Impact on the lesion in the form of wounds, boils, areas of erysipelas, etc.;
Field irradiation in the treatment of pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, radiculitis, intercostal neuralgia and other diseases. In this case, the area of the pathological focus to be irradiated is divided into several small areas (from 50 to 200 cm 2), and one or two areas are irradiated in one procedure;
Irradiation of reflexogenic zones: erythemal ultraviolet irradiation procedures are carried out in the following zones: collar, panty, areas of spinal cord segments. Erythemal UV irradiation of the collar zone is usually carried out in the presence of sluggish inflammatory processes of the brain, its membranes, face, as well as vascular disorders upper limbs, some diseases of the chest organs. To carry out erythemal ultraviolet irradiation of the pelvic organs, in case of peripheral circulation disorders in the lower extremities, the effects are carried out on areas of the skin corresponding to the lumbosacral segments and the anterior surface of the thighs;
Fractional erythemal ultraviolet radiation. This method of treating pathological lesions involves the use of a perforated localizer made of medical oilcloth measuring 40x40 cm, in which 160 to 190 holes with a diameter of 2 cm are cut out. When carrying out erythemal ultraviolet irradiation procedures, such an oilcloth with holes is applied to the area of the skin in the area of the pathological focus . This type of erythemal ultraviolet radiation is used, in particular, for certain lung diseases, especially when carrying out procedures in children's medical institutions (for bronchopneumonia, bronchial asthma and other diseases). The skin of children is more sensitive to the effects of any type of ultraviolet radiation, which is why biodose is performed in shorter procedures than in adults; therefore, when determining the biodose, it is recommended to open each window of the biodosimeter after 15-30 s.
When carrying out general ultraviolet irradiation, the maximum dosage of exposure to pathological foci in children under 2 years of age is no more than 2 biodoses, and in older children - no more than 3 biodoses. The area of the resulting pathological foci during local ultraviolet irradiation procedures for children under three years of age should not exceed 60-80 cm2, at 5-7 years of age - from 150 to 200 cm2, and for older children - 300 cm2.
To induce erythema with appropriate ultraviolet radiation, the first effects on pathological foci (or lesions) should not exceed 1.5-2 biodoses. When carrying out repeated UV irradiation procedures, the dose of exposure to certain lesions is increased by 0.5-1 biodose (for children).
Indications. General UFOs apply:
For the prevention of solar deficiency (vitaminosis and hypovitaminosis of vitamin D in adults, pregnant women and children;
In the treatment of rickets in children;
To increase the overall resistance of the body of an adult or child.
Local ultraviolet irradiation (erythemotherapy) is most often used for diseases of internal organs, such as: pneumonia, bronchitis, gastritis, rheumatism, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, bronchial asthma, myositis, myalgia, radiculitis.
General and local ultraviolet radiation is widely used in surgery (after wound surgery, for erysipelas), in traumatology (for bruises, infected wounds, fractures), in dermatology (for psoriasis, pyoderma, eczema, etc.). UFO is effective method in the treatment and prevention of influenza and many infectious diseases(in particular, scarlet fever, whooping cough).
Contraindications for UFO:
Tendency to bleed;
Active pulmonary tuberculosis;
Circulatory failure grade I-II;
Note. In the 1990s. a special method of light therapy was developed - laser therapy using small-sized quantum generators - lasers, in which the laser beam has enormous power, which creates various possibilities for its use in intensive care. Laser light is characterized by coherence, i.e. consists of waves of the same frequency that move and reinforce each other, resulting in the formation of a straight, narrow, far-travelling beam of light. Concentrated in a laser light beam thermal energy significant power. Any substance (including bones and metal) encountered in the path of the laser beam is instantly vaporized.
In these years, attempts were made to treat such pathological foci as precancerous lesions with a laser beam skin tumors. In this case, the laser installation was tuned to a frequency at which its beam was absorbed by dark tissue and reflected by light tissue. Malignant tumors on human skin they often have dark color, otherwise they may be artificially colored (dark) to ensure maximum absorption of laser light.
Since 2000, laser surgery has begun to actively develop, in particular in the treatment of certain eye diseases, such as myopia, farsightedness, and astigmatism. A whole series Damage to the retina is currently eliminated with a laser beam of a certain power.
In addition, the laser beam is used to eliminate pain impulses (for example, for pain due to damage to peripheral nerves).
Treatment of certain diseases with light laser beam has now reached great perfection and is performed even at the molecular level, which is not possible for other methods of light therapy.
Examples of prescriptions for UFO procedures
1. Lumbosacral radiculitis. UV-procedures of the lumbosacral zone and along the sciatic nerve, 1-2 fields per day, starting with 3-4 biodoses daily. During UVR procedures, each field is affected twice.
2. Tonsillitis. The procedures begin with one biodose, then add 1/2 to 1 biodose during repeated irradiations, with a maximum of no more than three biodoses per tonsil, daily. For the entire course of treatment, 10 to 12 procedures are prescribed.
3. Erysipelas of the right leg. Ultraviolet irradiation procedures for the right leg, exposure to four fields (anterior, posterior and 2 lateral), with simultaneous coverage when exposed to 5 to 7 cm of healthy skin around the pathological focus, start with four biodoses and increase to 10 (adding with each subsequent procedure two biodoses each). For the entire course of treatment, 4 to 5 procedures are prescribed with ultraviolet irradiation every other day.
Ultraviolet irradiation (part 2). Mechanism of action.
Mechanism of therapeutic effects
When ultraviolet radiation quanta are absorbed in the skin, the following photochemical and photobiological reactions occur:
Destruction of protein molecules;
Formation of more complex molecules or molecules with new physicochemical properties;
The severity of these reactions with the manifestation of subsequent therapeutic effects is determined by the spectrum of ultraviolet radiation. Based on wavelength, ultraviolet irradiation is divided into long-, medium- and short-wave. From the standpoint of practical physiotherapy, it is important to distinguish the zone of long-wave ultraviolet rays (DUV) and the zone of short-wave ultraviolet rays (SWUV). DUV and AF radiation are combined with medium wave radiation, which is not specially distinguished.
There are local and general effects of UV rays.
The local effect manifests itself in the skin (UV rays penetrate no further than 1 mm). It is noteworthy that UV rays do not have a thermal effect. Externally, their effect is manifested by redness of the irradiation site (with short-wave irradiation after 1.5-2 hours, with long-wave irradiation after 4-6 hours), the skin becomes swollen and even painful, its temperature rises, and redness lasts for several days.
With repeated exposure to the same area of skin, adaptation reactions develop, which is externally manifested by thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin and deposition of melanin pigment. This, in its own way, is a protective-adaptive reaction to UV rays. The pigment is formed under the influence of DUV rays, which are also characterized by an immunostimulating effect.
The rays of the KUF zone have a powerful bactericidal effect. KUV rays are absorbed primarily by proteins contained in the cell nucleus, while DUV rays are absorbed by protoplasmic proteins. With sufficiently intense and prolonged exposure, destruction of the protein structure occurs, and as a consequence of this, the death of epidermal cells with the development of aseptic inflammation. The destroyed protein is broken down by proteolytic enzymes, biologically active substances are formed: histamine, serotonin, acetylcholine and others, and the processes of lipid peroxidation are enhanced.
UV rays stimulate activity cell division in the skin, as a result, wound healing processes are accelerated and the formation of connective tissue is activated. In this regard, they are used to treat slow-healing wounds and ulcers. Neutrophil and macrophage cells are activated, which increases the skin's resistance to infection and is used to treat and prevent inflammatory skin lesions.
Under the influence of erythemal doses of UV rays, the sensitivity of the nerve receptors of the skin decreases, so UV rays are also used to reduce pain.
The general effect, depending on the dosage, consists of humoral, neuro-reflex and vitamin-forming effects.
The general neuro-reflex effect of UV rays is associated with irritation of the extensive receptor apparatus of the skin. The general effect of UV rays is caused by the absorption and entry into the bloodstream of biologically active substances formed in the skin and stimulation of immunobiological processes. As a result of regular general exposure, local protective reactions are strengthened. The effect on the endocrine glands is realized not only by humoral mechanism, but also through reflex effects on the hypothalamus.
The vitamin-forming effect of UV rays is to stimulate the synthesis of vitamin D under the influence of UV rays.
Ultraviolet irradiation also has a desensitizing effect, normalizes blood clotting processes, and improves lipid (fat) metabolism. Functions improve under the influence of ultraviolet rays external respiration, the activity of the adrenal cortex increases, the supply of oxygen to the myocardium increases, and its contractility increases.
Therapeutic effect: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, desensitizing, immunostimulating, restorative.
Suberythemal and erythemal doses of ultraviolet radiation are used in the treatment of diseases such as acute neuritis, acute myositis, bedsores, pustular skin diseases, erysipelas, trophic ulcers, slow-healing wounds, inflammatory and post-traumatic diseases of the joints, bronchial asthma, acute and chronic bronchitis, acute respiratory diseases, chronic tonsillitis, inflammation of the uterine appendages. Also to improve recovery processes - for bone fractures, normalize phosphorus-calcium metabolism
Short-wave ultraviolet irradiation is used for acute and subacute diseases of the skin, nasopharynx, inner ear, respiratory diseases, for the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the skin and wounds, skin tuberculosis, prevention and treatment of rickets in children, pregnant and lactating women, as well as for air disinfection.
Local UV irradiation of the skin is indicated:
in therapy - for the treatment of arthritis of various etiologies, inflammatory diseases of the respiratory system, bronchial asthma;
in surgery - for the treatment of purulent wounds and ulcers, bedsores, burns and frostbite, infiltrates, purulent inflammatory lesions of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, mastitis, osteomyelitis, erysipelas, the initial stages of obliterating lesions of the vessels of the extremities;
in neurology - for the treatment of acute pain syndrome in pathology of the peripheral nervous system, consequences of traumatic brain and spinal injuries, polyradiculoneuritis, multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism, hypertension syndrome, causalgic and phantom pain;
in dentistry - for the treatment of aphthous stomatitis, periodontal disease, gingivitis, infiltrates after tooth extraction;
in gynecology - in the complex treatment of acute and subacute inflammatory processes, with cracked nipples;
in pediatrics - for the treatment of mastitis in newborns, weeping navel, limited forms of staphyloderma and exudative diathesis, atopy, pneumonia;
in dermatology - in the treatment of psoriasis, eczema, pyoderma, herpes zoster, etc.
ENT - for the treatment of rhinitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, peritonsillar abscesses;
in gynecology - for the treatment of colpitis, cervical erosion.
Contraindications to UV irradiation:
Irradiation should not be carried out when elevated temperature bodies. The main contraindications to the procedure: malignant neoplasms, tendency to bleeding, active pulmonary tuberculosis, kidney disease, neurasthenia, thyrotoxicosis, photosensitivity (photodermatoes), cachexia, systemic lupus erythematosus, circulatory failure of II-III degree, hypertension Stage III, malaria, Addison's disease, blood diseases. If headache, nervous irritation, dizziness and other unpleasant symptoms appear during the procedure or after it, you must stop treatment and consult a doctor. If a quartz lamp is used to disinfect premises, then at the time of quartzing there should be no people or animals in it.
Using ultraviolet light, the room is disinfected. You can quartz the room, which is an effective method of control and prevention. various diseases. Quartz lamps are used in medical, preschool institutions and at home. You can irradiate a room, children's toys, dishes, and other household items, which helps in the fight against morbidity during periods of exacerbation of infectious diseases.
Before using a quartz lamp at home, you should definitely consult your doctor about contraindications and appropriate dosage, since there are certain conditions for using special equipment. Ultraviolet rays are biologically active and can cause serious harm if used improperly. The sensitivity of the skin to UV radiation varies among people and depends on many factors: age, skin type and its qualities, general condition of the body and even the time of year.
There are two basic rules for using a quartz lamp: you must wear safety glasses to prevent eye burns and do not exceed the recommended exposure time. Safety glasses, as a rule, come complete with a device for UV irradiation.
Conditions for using a quartz lamp:
Areas of skin that are not irradiated should be covered with a towel;
Before the procedure, it is necessary to let the device work for 5 minutes, during which time a stable operating mode is established;
The device must be located at a distance of half a meter from the irradiated skin area;
The duration of irradiation increases gradually - from 30 seconds to 3 minutes;
One area can be irradiated no more than 5 times, no more than once a day;
At the end of the procedure, the quartz lamp must be turned off; a new session can be carried out 15 minutes after it has cooled;
The lamp is not used for tanning;
Animals and domestic plants should not enter the irradiation zone;
Turning the irradiator on and off must be done wearing light-protective glasses.
Some treatment methods:
For the purpose of prevention viral diseases The mucous membrane of the nose and the posterior wall of the pharynx are irradiated through tubes. Procedures are carried out daily for 1 minute for adults (0.5 minutes for children), for one week.
Acute respiratory diseases, pneumonia, bronchitis, bronchial asthma:
Thus, irradiation of the chest for pneumonia is carried out over 5 fields using a perforated localizer. First and second fields: half of the back surface of the chest - right or left, upper or lower. The patient's position is lying on his stomach. Third and fourth fields: lateral surfaces of the chest. The patient's position is lying on the opposite side, with his arm thrown behind his head. Fifth field: the anterior surface of the chest on the right, with the patient lying on his back. Irradiation time is from 3 to 5 minutes per field. One field is irradiated on one day. Irradiation is carried out daily, each field is irradiated 2-3 times.
To make a perforated localizer, you need to use a medical oilcloth measuring 40*40cm and perforate it with 1.0-1.5 cm holes. At the same time, you can irradiate the plantar surfaces of the feet from a distance of 10 cm for 10 minutes.
IN initial period diseases are treated with ultraviolet irradiation of the plantar surfaces of the feet. Distance 10cm for 10 minutes, 3-4 days.
UV irradiation of the mucous membrane of the nose and pharynx is carried out using a tube. Dose from 30 seconds with daily gradual increase to 3 minutes. The course of irradiation is 5-6 procedures.
The area of the external auditory canal is irradiated through a 5mm tube for 3 minutes, the course of irradiation is 5-6 procedures.
Acute pharyngitis, laryngotracheitis:
UV irradiation of the anterior surface of the chest, trachea, and posterior surface of the neck is performed. Dose from a distance of 10 cm for 5-8 minutes; as well as ultraviolet radiation of the posterior pharyngeal wall using a tube. During the procedure, you must pronounce the sound “a-a-a-a”. Dose 1 min. The duration of irradiation increases every 2 days to 3-5 minutes. A course of 5-6 procedures.
Ultraviolet radiation of the palatine tonsils is performed through a tube with a ring cut. The procedure is performed with wide open mouth and the tongue pressed to the bottom, while the tonsils should be clearly visible. The irradiator tube, with a cut towards the tonsil, is inserted into the oral cavity at a distance of 2-3 cm from the surface of the teeth. The UV ray is directed strictly to one tonsil. During the procedure, you must pronounce the sound “a-a-a-a”. After irradiation of one tonsil, the second is irradiated. Start with 1 minute after 1-2 days, then 3 minutes. Course of treatment procedures.
Chronic periodontal disease, acute periodontitis:
UV irradiation of the gum mucosa is carried out through a tube with a diameter of 15 mm. In the irradiation zone, the lip and tongue are moved to the side with a spatula or spoon so that the beam falls on the mucous membrane of the gums. By slowly moving the tube, all mucous membranes of the gums of the upper and lower jaw. Duration of irradiation during one procedure: min. The course of irradiation is 6-8 procedures.
UFO is carried out in turn: the first day is the face, the second day is the front surface of the chest, the third is the scapular area of the back. The cycle is repeated 8-10 times. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of cm, the duration of irradiation is minutes.
After cleansing the purulent wound from necrotic tissue and purulent plaque, to stimulate wound healing, UV irradiation is prescribed immediately after wound treatment. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of 10 cm, time 2-3 minutes, duration 2-3 days.
UFO continues before and after independent or surgical opening of the abscess. Irradiation is carried out from a distance of 10 cm, duration of procedures. Course of treatment procedures.
UFO treatment
A (nm) - long-wave UV radiation (LUV)
V (nm) - mid-wave (SUV);
C - (nm) - short-wave (SWF).
UV radiation is dosed using the Gorbachev-Dakfeld biological method. The method is simple and is based on the property of UV rays to cause erythema when irradiating the skin. The unit of measurement in this method is one biodose. One biodose is taken to be the minimum time of irradiation of a given patient from a certain distance with a certain source of UV rays, which is necessary to obtain a weak, but clearly defined erythema. Time is measured in seconds or minutes.
General UFO is used for:
The face, chest and back are irradiated daily with erythema doses for 2-3 days. For catarrhal symptoms in the pharynx, the pharynx is irradiated for 4 days through a tube. In the latter case, irradiation begins with 1/2 biodose, adding 1-1/2 biodoses in subsequent irradiations.
Application of ultraviolet radiation to the skin of the chest using a perforated oilcloth localizer (PCL). The PCL determines the area to be irradiated (prescribed by the attending physician). Dose - 1-3 biodoses. Irradiation every other day, 5-6 procedures.
In the first days of the disease, ultraviolet irradiation of the nasal mucosa in suberythemal doses is prescribed, counting on the bactericidal effect of UV radiation.
UV irradiation of the plantar surfaces of the feet is prescribed. Dose 5-6 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 4-5 procedures. UV irradiation through a tube of the nasal mucosa in the stage of attenuation of exudative phenomena. Irradiation begins with one biodose. By adding 1/2 biodose daily, the irradiation intensity is increased to 4 biodoses.
UV irradiation is carried out on the trachea area and on the skin of the back of the neck. Radiation dose - 1 biodose. Irradiation is carried out every other day, adding 1 biodose each, the course of treatment is 4 procedures. If the disease is prolonged, then after 10 days a UV irradiation of the chest is prescribed through an oilcloth perforated localizer. Biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
UV irradiation is prescribed from the first days of the disease on the anterior surface of the neck, sternum, and interscapular region. Dosabiodoses. Irradiation alternates every other day on the posterior and anterior surfaces of the chest. Course of treatment 4 procedures.
UV irradiation of the chest is prescribed 5-6 days from the onset of the disease. UV irradiation is carried out through a localizer. Biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 5 irradiations. During the period of remission of the disease, general ultraviolet radiation is prescribed according to the basic regimen daily. The course of treatment is 12 procedures.
Both general and local irradiation can be used. The chest is divided into 10 sections, each measuring 12x5 centimeters. Every day, only one area is irradiated with erythema doses, limited by a line connecting the lower corners of the shoulder blades, and on the chest - by a line passing 2 cm below the nipples.
(Carried out in combination with UHF, SMV, infrared and magnetotherapy). In the early stage (before the formation of a purulent cavity), ultraviolet irradiation is prescribed. Dosabiodoses. Irradiation every other day. Course of treatment 3 procedures.
(In combination with SMV, UHF, infrared, laser and magnetotherapy). In the infiltration stage, ultraviolet irradiation of the axillary area every other day. The radiation dose is sequential biodoses. Treatment course: 3 irradiations.
Irradiation is carried out at a dose of 4-8 biodoses in order to create conditions for the best rejection of disintegrated tissues. In the second phase - in order to stimulate epithelization - irradiation is carried out in small suberythemal (i.e., not causing erythema) doses. The irradiation is repeated after 3-5 days. UV irradiation is carried out after primary surgical treatment. Dose - 0.5-2 biodoses, course of treatment 5-6 irradiations.
Irradiation is used in 2-3 biodoses, and the surface of undamaged skin surrounding the wound is also irradiated at a distance of 3-5 cm. Irradiation is repeated after 2-3 days.
UV irradiation is used in the same way as when irradiating clean wounds.
UV-bactericidal radiation of the fracture site or segmented zones is carried out after 2-3 days, each time increasing the dose by 2 biodoses, the initial one - 2 biodoses. Treatment course: 3 procedures for each zone.
General ultraviolet radiation is prescribed 10 days after the fracture according to the basic regimen daily. The course of treatment is 20 procedures.
Ultraviolet radiation after tonsillectomy of the tonsil niches is prescribed 2 days after the operation. Irradiation is prescribed with 1/2 biodose on each side. Daily increasing the dose by 1/2 biodose, the irradiation intensity is increased to 3 biodoses. The course of treatment is 6-7 procedures.
UFO begins with a suberythemal dose and quickly increases to 5 biodoses. Biodose radiation dose. The procedures are carried out after 2-3 days. The lesion is protected from healthy areas of the skin using a sheet or towel.
UV irradiation of the tonsils through a tube with a 45% cut bevel begins with 1/2 biodose, daily increased by 1/2 biodose every 2 procedures. Courses are held 2 times a year. A sterile tube is used to press the tongue through the patient’s wide open mouth so that the tonsil becomes accessible to UV irradiation. The right and left tonsils are irradiated alternately.
UV irradiation through the ear canal tube. Biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 6 procedures.
UV exposure of the nasal vestibule through a tube. Biodoses every other day. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
UV irradiation with the long-wave part of the spectrum is prescribed according to a slow scheme. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
UFO is prescribed according to the basic scheme daily. Course of treatment procedures.
Ural irradiation is prescribed as RUVA therapy (photochemotherapy). Long-wave UV irradiation is performed in combination with a photosensitizer (puvalene, aminefurin) taken by the patient 2 hours before irradiation at a dose of 0.6 mg per kilogram of body weight. The dose of radiation is prescribed depending on the sensitivity of the patient’s skin to UV rays. On average, ultraviolet radiation begins with a dose of 2-3 J/cm 2 and is increased to 15 J/cm 2 by the end of the course of treatment. Irradiation is carried out for 2 consecutive days with a rest day. The course of treatment is 20 procedures.
UV irradiation with a mid-wave spectrum (SUV) starts with 1/2 according to an accelerated scheme. Course of radiation treatment.
UV irradiation is prescribed for the anterior abdominal skin and skin of the back. UFO is carried out in zones with an area of 400 cm2. Biodoses for each area every other day. The course of treatment is 6 irradiations.
1. Ultraviolet irradiation of the external genitalia. Irradiation is carried out daily or every other day, starting with 1 biodose. Gradually adding 1/2 biodoses, the intensity of the effect is increased to 3 biodoses. The course of treatment is 10 irradiations.
2. General ultraviolet irradiation according to an accelerated scheme. Irradiation is carried out daily, starting with 1/2 biodose. Gradually adding 1/2 biodoses, the intensity of the effect is increased to 3-5 biodoses. Course of radiation treatment.
Ultraviolet irradiation of the external genitalia is prescribed. Biodose radiation dose daily or every other day. The course of treatment is 5-6 irradiations.
Ultraviolet irradiation using a tube is prescribed. Dose - 1/2-2 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 10 procedures. Cervical erosion. Ultraviolet irradiation of the cervical area is prescribed using a tube and a gynecological speculum. Dose - 1/2-2 biodoses daily. Doses are increased every two procedures by 1/2 biodose. Course of treatment procedures.
Ultraviolet irradiation of the skin of the pelvic area in fields is prescribed. Biodoses for each field. Irradiation is carried out daily. Each field is irradiated 3 times with a break of 2-3 days. Course of treatment procedures.
Therapeutic physical factors have a homeostatic effect on various organs and systems, help increase the body's resistance to adverse effects, enhance its protective and adaptive mechanisms, have a pronounced sanogenic effect, increase the effectiveness of other therapeutic agents and reduce the side effects of drugs. Their use is accessible, highly effective and cost-effective.
Full description
UVR is ultraviolet irradiation, and ultraviolet rays are part of the general electromagnetic spectrum with the shortest wavelength. In the irradiated tissues, light energy is transformed into chemical and other types of energy, and at the same time released large number biologically active substances (histamine, serotonin, etc.), which are carried throughout the body through the bloodstream and cause complex responses in various organs and systems. The therapeutic effect of UFO is analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, immunostimulating and general strengthening effect. UFO also has systemic effects. It is known to reduce blood pressure, affects vitamin D metabolism and calcium metabolism, as well as the population of T cells in the peripheral blood. And finally, ultraviolet radiation provides a certain psychological, distracting, that is, placebo effect. The combination of these effects explains the ability of UV irradiation to significantly reduce the feeling of itching in systemic diseases. In this regard, it is worth noting that in the autumn-winter period, when we lack natural ultraviolet radiation and the body’s immune strength is reduced, it is useful to visit the solarium, but the total time spent in the solarium should not exceed 30-35 minutes per week. Ultraviolet blood irradiation (UFOI) is used for chronic infections, purulent-inflammatory diseases (furunculosis, pyoderma, phlegmon, purulent bronchitis, adnexitis, pyelonephritis, etc.), immunodeficiency conditions, atherosclerosis, bronchial asthma, rheumatoid polyarthritis, peptic ulcer, thrombosis and thrombophlebitis, during rehabilitation postoperative patients. To perform UVOC, the patient’s vein is punctured and the blood from it passes through the system through a device in which it is irradiated with UV rays and then returned back. The procedure consists of numerous phases of blood collection and return and can last up to 1 hour.
Indications for ultraviolet ray therapy
General UV therapy is used to increase the body's resistance to infections, in the treatment and prevention of rickets, for dermatological diseases with common skin lesions (pyoderma, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, etc.), for the correction of solar ultraviolet deficiency, stimulation of hematopoiesis, immunostimulation in low-grade inflammatory diseases . During the procedure, the patient is in a special cabin with mirrored walls and vertically positioned ultraviolet lamps. Local UV therapy Local UV therapy is used in the treatment of bronchitis, bronchial asthma, arthritis, osteomyelitis, burns, bedsores, purulent wounds, neuritis, spinal osteochondrosis, local forms dermatological diseases, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis, aphthous stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontal disease, weeping navel in newborns, etc. The procedure is carried out with devices for local UV irradiation. The distance from the patient to the emitter and the procedure time are selected in accordance with the individual biodose.
Contraindications to UVB therapy
Except general contraindications light therapy, ultraviolet radiation is contraindicated in cases of albinism, precancerous skin lesions, dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, xeroderma pigmentosum.
We take your health very seriously,
That's why before starting the procedures, a mandatory consultation with a physiotherapist
Have with you:
- Passport
- ECG results (no later than 1 year)
- General blood test (no later than 2 months)
- General urine test (no later than 2 months)
- for women, consultation with a gynecologist (no later than 1 year)
Teenager's blood pressure.
The pressure fluctuates due to the fact that physiological growth does not correspond to the growth of internal organs. Consult a doctor - he will prescribe therapy aimed at strengthening blood vessels, vitamin therapy, and moderate physical activity.
Ultraviolet rays are considered very harmful, but sometimes they can help. In autumn, when there is very little sun in the North and central Russia, ultraviolet lamps can help prevent influenza and ARVI.
UV irradiation for prevention
Naturally, the first rule is clear skin, because ultraviolet rays affect the body precisely through it.
Since radiation is harmful to the eyes, you should wear dark glasses. During treatment, you should eat food rich in vitamins and minerals. Particular attention should be paid to products with vitamin C, because during irradiation the kidneys remove it from the body very quickly.
During the procedure, the child is undressed, glasses are put on and placed at a distance of 70-150 cm from the lamp. Ultraviolet rays must strike the skin at a 90-degree angle. If the child's condition allows, he can stand during the procedure. In this case, the emitter should be located in the area of the child's upper abdomen.
The air temperature in the room should not be lower than 22 degrees. After the procedure, the room must be ventilated, because ultraviolet rays contribute to the formation of ozone. Keep in mind that there are now “ozone-free” lamps. They do not allow ozone to appear due to the special flask material (coated quartz glass) or special design. So it makes sense to ask doctors what kind of lamps they have. And traditional mercury-quartz lamps in some cases can be replaced with xenon short-pulse lamps.
Typically, a course of general ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) consists of 15-20 procedures. The duration of one procedure is 10-15 minutes. If 2–3 sessions are missed, irradiation begins with the last dose.
To strengthen the immune system and prevent ARVI, non-erythemal (this means, without redness of the skin) general UV irradiation is carried out with long and medium waves from a distance of 50-100 cm. The front, back and side surfaces of the body are irradiated successively.
You can use ultraviolet radiation for prevention from the first years of a child’s life.
UV irradiation for treatment
In addition to general irradiation, local irradiation can be used to treat specific diseases. Flu. The face, chest and back are irradiated with erythema doses for 2-3 days. Biodose is the time of ultraviolet irradiation during which the weakest, but uniform and clear erythema (redness of the skin) appears on the skin. The dose is determined using a biodosimeter. This is a plate made of aluminum, tin or foil, in which six holes are cut. It is applied to the skin of the abdomen on the side of the navel. The biological dose is established by irradiating the plate area for half a minute from a distance of 50 cm.
ARVI. In the first days of the disease, ultraviolet irradiation of the nasal mucosa is prescribed in suberythemal doses.
Acute rhinitis. In this case, the soles of the feet are irradiated. The dose for one procedure is 5-6 biodoses. The course of treatment is 4-5 procedures.
Otitis externa. Ultraviolet radiation is performed through the ear canal tube. Dose - 1-2 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 6 procedures.
Acute laryngotracheitis. The tracheal area and the skin of the back of the neck are irradiated. Radiation dose - 1 biodose. Irradiation is carried out every other day, adding 1 biodose each, the course of treatment is 4 procedures.
Acute bronchitis (tracheobronchitis). From the first days of illness, the neck in front, chest and back between the shoulder blades are irradiated. Dose - 3-4 biodoses. During treatment, irradiation of the chest and back is alternated. The course of treatment is 4 procedures.
Chronic bronchitis. UV irradiation of the chest begins 5-6 days after the onset of the disease. Dose - 2-3 biodoses daily. The course of treatment is 5 procedures.
Bronchial asthma. The chest is divided into 10 sections, each measuring 12 x 5 centimeters. Every day, only one area is irradiated with erythema doses, limited by a line connecting the lower corners of the shoulder blades, and on the chest - by a line passing 2 cm below the nipples.
When should UFO not be used?
Sometimes children's skin can react unusually - swelling appears under the eyes, the skin begins to itch. Then the irradiation must be stopped.
This method is contraindicated for diathesis and allergic rhinitis, tuberculosis in active form, nephroso-nephritis and severe exhaustion.
Children should not be irradiated after vaccinations, tuberculin tests, combine irradiation and prophylactic appointment vitamin D
Remember that only a doctor can decide whether it is beneficial to at the moment ultraviolet radiation to your child.
Both small children and adults suffer from diseases of the ENT organs. Cope with negative impact Physiotherapy using ultraviolet irradiation will help with the inflammatory process in the tissues of the ear, nose and throat. Correct use of the procedure will help cure acute and chronic processes, improve the general condition and help achieve maximum effect in treatment.
What is UV therapy? This is a technique that allows you to treat foci of the inflammatory process using ultraviolet radiation. The manipulation is completely painless; it increases blood flow in injured areas and ensures an active supply of leukocytes to relieve inflammation.
This technique has found wide application in the treatment of ENT pathologies, since it allows you to regulate the length of the waves and the depth of their action. With short and shallow penetration it can have a bactericidal and antiviral effect. Average depth (from 280 nm) helps to activate the work of vitamins and improve the activity of immune processes in the body. Long-wave irradiation can form pigments and stimulate the immune system.
In the treatment of ENT pathologies, the method has the following effects:
- Relieves inflammatory processes.
- Works as a pain reliever.
- Improves or activates regeneration processes at the cellular level, thereby accelerating healing processes.
- Bactericidal. Destroys microorganisms on the surface of wound areas or in inflammatory areas.
- Improves and restores metabolic processes.
This physiotherapy procedure is often prescribed to small children for preventive or therapeutic purposes with a lack of vitamin D. Due to its deficiency, rickets can develop, and when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, the vitamin is actively synthesized, preventing the disease from developing.
Indications for use
UV therapy should not be used without apparent reason or without a prescription. Only if pathological processes occur in the ENT organs, after examination and an accurate diagnosis, can the doctor make a prescription.
The use of ultraviolet rays is recommended for:
- Acute and chronic tonsillitis.
- Treatment and prevention of bronchitis.
- Sinusitis and sinusitis.
- Enlarged adenoids in children.
- Rhinitis.
- Therapy for ear diseases.
- Pharyngitis.
In some cases, doctors prescribe UV therapy to stimulate or restore the active functioning of the immune system, and also as a prophylactic against respiratory viral infections.
Before proceeding with the procedure, it is necessary to accurately establish the diagnosis, since there are a number of contraindications due to which complications may develop.
Contraindications for use
To restore the cell, its regenerative and protective functions in case of injury or infection, it is recommended to use UV physiotherapy. But, despite the effectiveness of this treatment method, there are contraindications to its use:
- Any stage of oncology development.
- Autoimmune processes that are accompanied by sensitivity to ultraviolet radiation, for example, lupus.
- Acute purulent inflammatory processes.
- Excessive fragility of blood vessels and frequent bleeding.
- Stomach ulcer, tuberculosis and arterial hypertension.
While carrying a baby or breastfeeding, physiotherapy can only be performed with the permission of the attending physician. The appointment is performed in case of inflammation of the nasal or oral mucosa.
Therapy using ultraviolet irradiation in the right dosages and with the right approach is an indispensable assistant and an effective means in the fight against ENT pathologies.
ENT diseases and ultraviolet treatment
If there are ENT pathologies, the doctor may prescribe radiation in the following cases:
- ARVI. For the purpose of prevention or treatment of respiratory viral infections, daily dosed irradiation of the posterior wall of the nasopharynx and nasal mucosa is carried out. For adults, one minute is enough, for children half a minute.
- For bronchitis, pneumonia and asthma. To carry out irradiation and eliminate foci of inflammation, it is necessary to “treat” 5 fields of the chest. When irradiating zones 1 and 2, the patient lies on his stomach, the manipulation is carried out over half of the posterior surface of the sternum (either side) or where the inflammatory process is located. When treating the lateral surfaces of the chest, the patient takes a “lying on his side” position with his arm thrown behind his head; this is considered the third and fourth area for irradiation. The fifth zone is located on the front side of the sternum on the right side, in this case the patient should lie on his back. It is necessary to irradiate each zone separately. In one day, you can perform only one procedure on one of the selected areas. The physiotherapy procedure takes about 5 minutes, each area should be treated 2-3 times.
- Acute rhinitis, pharyngitis and laryngotracheitis. For a runny nose at the initial stage, the lower surface of the feet is irradiated for 4 days for 10 minutes. Also, using a special tube, UV irradiation of the mucous surfaces of the nose and pharynx is carried out starting from 30 seconds to a couple of minutes for 5 days. For pharyngitis and laryngotracheitis, ultraviolet radiation is used on the anterior surface of the chest, trachea and posterior surface of the neck. Rays on the back wall of the pharynx (using a tube) have a good effect. The manipulation takes no more than 10 minutes, therapy is carried out for one week.
- Chronic tonsillitis. For inflammation of the tonsils, use a special tube with a cut ring. It is necessary to open your mouth wide and press your tongue to the bottom as much as possible; the cut side of the tube is directed directly to the affected tonsils. The impact should be alternated on each side for 2–3 minutes. The course of therapy is from a week to 10 days.
The possibilities of physiotherapy are enormous and, with the right approach, have the most positive effect on the body and affected areas, destroying pathogenic microorganisms, improving metabolic processes, accelerating healing and cell regeneration.
Features of the event
In order for the treatment to be correct and not harm the general condition of the patient, you should go to a medical institution where you will be provided with proper care using special equipment. However, there are also portable devices that can be used independently at home.
Step-by-step implementation of the physiotherapy technique:
- To irradiate one of the selected zones, it is necessary to select the correct tube. There are several types of them, depending on the area that needs to be treated.
- Before use, the device must be turned on and warmed up.
- The session begins with 30 seconds and gradually increases the time limits to the period specified by the doctor.
- After completing the manipulation, the lamp must be turned off.
- The patient should rest for half an hour.
The duration of the manipulation, the length of ultrasound penetration, the course of therapy - all this is prescribed and selected by the attending physician immediately after making an accurate diagnosis. Self-medication is very dangerous, especially at home.
