Traditional medicine

The theme of life values in literature. Life values

Do you know that 99 of the 100 richest Russians according to Forbes magazine have children?? I'll tell you more about this below.

Are you satisfied with your work, family relationships, health, internal state?? There are various problems that happen in every person's life, but many difficulties can be avoided if you act in accordance with the right values in life.

Now I will talk about 8 life values and how their satisfaction affects the level of happiness.

8 Life Values

1. Spiritual development. This is your moral state and actions, understanding of life values.

2. Family, loved ones. Your relationship with your significant other, relatives, friends.

3. Health, sports. Your well-being. Regularity in general examinations can also be classified in this section, since many diseases can be asymptomatic until the very last stage.

4. Financial situation. Satisfaction with financial situation.

5. Career. Career and finances are separated because for many, self-realization in a career is more important than income; for others, it’s the other way around.

6. Rest, emotions.

7. Self-development.

8. Environment. People you interact with frequently, at work and in other social settings.

If you want, you can add your other life values.

Priorities in life values

Maximum efficiency and level of experienced happiness is achieved under 2 conditions:

Your life values are correct;

You are as close as possible to equal satisfaction of all life values.

Now let’s analyze these 2 conditions a little and start with the first: Correct life values. Each life value has its own priority.

The main value in life is spiritual development, i.e. your moral state. The importance is that negative actions have a bad effect on everything spheres of life: health, leisure, finance, etc. The reason is that bad actions create a conflict with yourself, or rather, with your conscience. Remember how you felt after the fight. Irritability, headache, stress, etc. are the result of any negative emotions.

All bad deeds conflict with your conscience, resulting in the production of stress hormones, which lower your immunity, worsen your mood, etc. If, from a moral point of view, you do good deeds, then happiness hormones are produced, which strengthen the body’s strength and improve your mood, which, in turn, affects all other areas of life.

Let's designate the main life value from above.

The second most important value is family. Problems in the family, as well as in the value of “spiritual development,” greatly influence all areas of life, the principle is approximately the same.

3rd most important value: health, which also affects everything else. Priorities for other values may vary depending on your personality type.

Supporting facts from forbes about success

Many may have doubts about the above priorities, so I will present the facts. Everyone knows Forbes magazine, which annually publishes lists of the richest people in the world. In one of the magazines I found the following interesting fact: In the list of the 100 richest Russians according to Forbes, I counted only 9 divorced men, 1 unmarried, the rest are all married. But the most interesting thing is that 99 out of 100 have children, even divorced ones, adopted or their own. At the same time, the average data for all married men in Russia is much lower, you understand this yourself.

It turns out that the most successful men are married and have children. This is a statistical fact.

How do you like this arrangement? It seems like it should be the other way around, logically. modern man, the more you work to achieve success, the less time you have for everything else. Why is it so difficult for single men and women to succeed? Why do they have to work harder and achieve less?

So, according to statistics, in marriage you are more likely to realize your desires. But let’s try to understand why this happens, because family and children require time, care, and effort!

We are designed in such a way that When you do good deeds, joy hormones (dopamine, serotonin, etc.) are released into the blood.. Remember how you felt when you provided invaluable help to another person. You can look at the faces of the people who work in charitable foundations, even from photographs it immediately becomes clear that they feel much happier than others.

Caring for others, in particular, for family and children, greatly reduces susceptibility to stress, because our brain cannot think about several situations at once, it works sequentially. What does this mean? And when we want to help someone, positive thoughts of help prevent negative emotions from developing. If there are no thoughts about how to help your neighbor, then the emptiness will be filled by worries and negative emotions.

This is why after a divorce, so often people start drinking and fall into other harmful illnesses, they simply become more susceptible to negativity. And family people, on the contrary, are less proud, offended, and sick; this happens because when a person takes care of someone, his moral state improves.

That's why family can help not only get a release of happy hormones: endorphins, but also reduce the production of stress hormones by replacing negative thoughts with positive ones.

Success and morale

The foundation of success is your morale. Everyone understands that people avoid cooperation with proud, arrogant, evil people and vice versa, they are drawn to interact with calm, polite, and kind people. Therefore the most important value- spiritual development, which improves your morale and reduces negative actions. As a result, there is less conflict with conscience and less negative thoughts, which negatively affect through the release of stress hormones.

I'll share my experience, I go to Orthodox temple, I regularly confess and receive communion. This helps improve morale, remove negative thoughts and feel happier.

The family gives a person the opportunity for faster spiritual development, because caring for one’s neighbor makes a person better, his moral state improves, and his actions become correct. Therefore, family and relationships with loved ones are the 2nd most important value in life.

Priorities allow you to do more accurate analysis and will help you better understand what needs to be done to make your life change for the better. For example, satisfaction financial situation should not be higher than satisfaction with spiritual development. Or career satisfaction should not be higher than satisfaction family relations. That is, on the wheel of life you need to not only tighten up your sagging needs, but also make sure that less priority life values do not rise above higher priority ones.

Often people work where they don't like. And every day an unloved job brings more and more disappointments and a spoiled mood. Often the reason is neither a bad job nor even a bad employee, but the fact that they are not a good fit for each other. If you approach your choice of work and lifestyle in accordance with your life values, then you will be more successful in any field.

How to evaluate life values

The criterion for success in life is the level of happiness experienced. Perhaps everyone wants to be happy. The more you satisfy your values in life, the happier you will feel.. But in order to understand where to start, you need to know at what stage of satisfaction your current life values are.

Now is the time to evaluate your values in life. To start, take a piece of paper and draw a circle, then divide it into 8 parts by drawing 4 lines through the center. Place a zero in the center of the circle - this is your starting point. Divide each of the 8 axes into 10 parts, graduated with marks. There will be a zero in the center of the circle, and 10 at the edges where the lines intersect with the circle.

Label each intersection of the line with the circle described above with the 8 life values.

Ask yourself: Are you satisfied with the work you have done to improve your health, relationships with your family, etc. For each item, rate your level of satisfaction on a 10-point scale and mark on each axis.

It is important to add that the question should be asked not related to satisfaction in general, but to how you worked on each area. It is not the final goal that is important, but your desire and movement towards it.

I'll explain why: Life constantly limits us in some way and there are situations when it is impossible to achieve what we want, but we can achieve satisfaction from the work we put in. For example, a person does not have a leg, of course, everyone would like to have full-fledged limbs, but for now this is impossible, so if such a person always points to the health axis as a low result, this will demotivate him, because he wants to, but cannot .

And if you put your movement towards the goal on the wheel of life, for example, a person without a leg trains every day to feel as natural as possible on an artificial leg and indicates high numbers on the health axis, then this will motivate him to further training. Therefore, 10 points on each axis is the value of the maximum result that you, and not someone else, can achieve in a given life situation.

As a result, you should get a figure similar to a circle. If this did not work out, then look at all the sagging areas of life. First of all, it is necessary to satisfy the most lagging values in life, because... it is always easier to saturate the base level than the higher one, i.e. to get a uniform circle. In addition, balance in life is extremely important for a person. Only a balanced life will bring happiness.

Now you know how much your life values coincide with the real state of affairs and what needs to be changed first.

You need to determine your life values regularly; draw the circle of life at least once a month, preferably once a week.

The figure you need to strive for is a circle. When you determine your life values and the degree of their implementation, it will be much easier to prioritize your activities, your life will become more balanced, and you will feel happier.

P.S. If you have difficulties or questions about the article you read, as well as about the topics: Psychology (bad habits, experiences, etc.), sales, business, time management, etc. ask them to me, I will try to help. Consultation via Skype is also possible.

P.P.S. You can also take the online training “How to get 1 hour of extra time.” Write comments and your additions;)

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Darina Kataeva

Every person has values in life. They are formed in childhood, and in adult life influence people’s actions, their decisions, and personal choices. Values are a reflection of the essence, the driving force that influences worldview and personality formation. What exactly are the values of life and how to choose them for yourself?

Where do life values come from?

Although a person’s values are a stable structure, they change under the influence of external circumstances and internal experiences. The values that are laid down in childhood are of fundamental importance. However, they do not arise instantly; they are formed over the course of life. The older a person becomes, the more stable his values are. For some, money, fame, power and luxury items are essential in life. Others consider spiritual self-improvement, creative development, health, family and children important.

The formation of life values is influenced by:

education and family;
Friends;
classmates;
team at work;
experienced trauma and loss;
economic situation in the country.

Basic values of human life

Although each person is individual, there are values that unite all people:

This has nothing to do with selfishness. Such love helps to achieve happiness in life and self-improvement.
Near. The manifestation of this value lies in respect for every person, his opinion and position in life.
Family. - the highest value for most people.
Spouse. Emotional, spiritual and physical intimacy with a loved one comes first for some.
Love for children.
Motherland. The place where a person was born affects his mentality and attitude towards life.
Job. There are people who strive to dissolve in activity; they are ready to take on any assignment at work to achieve the common good.
Friends. and self-expression in it are of no small importance for any person.
Rest. This area of life allows the individual to concentrate on his feelings, relax and unwind from the endless bustle.
Public mission- activity. Altruists primarily strive to do something for the benefit of society. Satisfying your needs and desires comes second.

It cannot be said that each person identifies one universal value for himself and lives by it. The listed areas are harmoniously intertwined; we simply mark a few for ourselves and put them first in life.

Life values are a complex structure, which is reflected in the setting and method of achievement. As a result, a person anticipates unpleasant situations and possible failures.

List of possible values in human life

In addition to basic life values, each person can have individual, sometimes extraordinary values. Below is only a partial list of possible human values, because it can be continued ad infinitum.

Optimism. “The pessimist sees difficulties at every opportunity; An optimist sees opportunity in every difficulty.” This character trait can undoubtedly be considered a value and you can enjoy the presence of optimism in your life: with it, life becomes brighter and fuller.
Patience. “Patience and work will grind everything down.” Having patience, especially among the modern generation, should definitely be considered a value. Only with patience you can. This is about your personal benefits. But your friends and partners will certainly appreciate this quality.
Honesty. “Honesty is more valuable than anything.” It is important to be honest not only with others, but also with yourself. If for you this value is on par with the basic ones, you are probably a happy person: paradoxically, honest people have an easier life than those who like to lie.
Discipline. “It’s time for business, but time for fun.” Most people are extremely skeptical about this value, because discipline, in their opinion, is equal to restrictions and lack of freedom. And only over the years, many come to the conclusion that if you are a disciplined person, this does not mean that you somehow limit yourself, but rather, you find a path to freedom and happiness with the help of this character trait.

Examples of Life Value

When asking the question: “What is valuable to me?”, many find themselves at a dead end. However, it is very important to give yourself a clear answer so that when a new situation arises, you will be true to your values.

Life values are not related to the opinions of others and recognition of you as an individual thanks to the heights achieved.

The following sequence of actions helps in determining your values:

Be alone with yourself. To understand what is important to you in life and what is of secondary importance, it is recommended to clear the space of outside influences. Explore your personality completely alone, without the influence of external factors.
Remember important events in your life. It doesn’t have to be only positive situations; think about the negative ones too. Write down your main experiences on a piece of paper, think about what impressed you, what upset you, and what you can’t imagine your life without.
Explore universal human values , because personal needs and views flow from them. Keep track of the relationship between the resulting list and everyday life. Some of the items listed are only a desire, and not an established value in life.
Watch yourself. Set aside at least one day in which you examine yourself, your behavior, your choices and your motives. The decisions we make every day are an indicator of a person’s personal choice and values.
If the list of values is too long, it will have to be shortened. There should be 3 maximum 4 values left. The rest is just additions and subsequent decisions in life.

Conclusion

Some values that are simultaneously important to a person may conflict. After looking at the list, decide what doesn’t fit together. This causes a creative person who is in disharmony with himself. It is important to remember the balance and impact of our values on the lives of others.

Each person is individual, so values differ depending on the character and established guidelines in a person’s life. Although the tendency to reflect and explore oneself is not observed in every person, it is still worth stopping for a moment and thinking about what is valuable to me. Otherwise, you will be a driven person, without your own core. Under new circumstances, you will immediately lose yourself and your personality!

February 26, 2014

(40 words) One of the basic values of any person is time, and it must be used wisely. This is taught in “The Tale of Lost Time” by E. Schwartz. Main character on own experience I learned that slackers will not notice how they grow old - and then it will be too late to achieve something.
(54 words) The hero of the famous myth, King Midas, rendered a service to the god Dionysus, and he promised the king any gift as a reward. Midas asked that everything turn golden at his touch. Greed almost killed him, because food and wine also turned into gold. This shining example that the choice of certain life values determines our destiny.
(39 words) Animals, like people, have their own life values. Let us remember the dog Kashtanka from Chekhov’s story of the same name: she remained faithful to her previous owners, although the new one treated her much better. Not every creature is capable of such devotion to its own detriment.
(55 words) It’s very easy to find out what is most important to a person - just ask. This is what the music teacher did in V. Dragunsky’s story “What Mishka Loves.” One of the boys responded by listing a lot of things – “the whole world”, and the second – only his favorite food. It is clear why the teacher was dissatisfied with his words: an exclusive commitment to material things is especially terrible if the hero is a child.
(54 words) Story by I.S. Turgenev’s “Khor and Kalinich” is an example of the difference in the life guidelines of people belonging to the same class. Khor and Kalinich are both peasants, but for the first the main thing is a strong life, and the second “has his head in the clouds,” but he is a sincere person, close to nature and art. Which is better? According to the author, the heroes complement each other and personify two sides of life.
(43 words) Some values are called “eternal” - they are common to most people and do not change for centuries. For example, friendship. The Fox, the hero of Exupery’s “The Little Prince,” speaks beautifully about it. Thanks to friendship, he explains, a person is saved from boredom and loneliness, feels needed and can experience true happiness.
(55 words) Gleb Kapustin, hero of the story by V.M. Shukshin “Cut”, saw his vital value in “bringing down the arrogance” of noble people who came to their native village to stay. He publicly caught them not knowing something scientific fact and rejoiced at their embarrassment. It is not surprising that no one loved Gleb - he who enjoys humiliating others will sooner or later be left alone.
(50 words) Life values easily reveal someone as an egoist. For example, the Pig from the fable by I.A. Krylov’s “Pig under the Oak” undermined the roots of the Oak tree in search of acorns, not caring at all that this might cause the tree to dry out. Unfortunately, people sometimes don’t think about how their actions can affect others.
(45 words) Home is dear to every person. Its walls are salvation from all life’s hardships. This is allegorically shown in the poem by Ya.P. Polonsky "The Road": lyrical hero is on the road and envies the coachman, who “will find peace, greetings and supper under his roof” and will be happy, even though he lives in a poor shack.
(54 words) It is sad when the importance of something is directly linked to the material value of this thing or even a living being. For example, in the story by A.P. Chekhov's "Chameleon" the dog bit the drunkard Khryukin when he poked a cigar at it. The policeman first orders the dog to be exterminated, but upon learning that its owner is the general’s brother, he blames Khryukin himself for what happened, and treats the dog kindly.

Examples from life, cinema, media

(39 words) 2018 in Russia has been declared the Year of the Volunteer, or Volunteer. Such people are worthy of respect because they selflessly help those who need it. We can say that their value is the well-being of others, for which they are willing to sacrifice their own benefit.
(45 words) Education has always been important to most people, but the true example for me is the stories of my grandparents about how they, as small children, walked to school, which was several kilometers from home! And they didn’t complain, because they understood: without education there is nowhere in life.
(42 words) You can take risks for the sake of true values. The Russian film by D. Kiselyov “The Time of the First” is about this. In the situation of the Cold War between the USSR and the USA, every achievement counted. Soviet cosmonauts were the first to go into outer space, but it could have cost them their lives.
(59 words) “Better a bird in the hand than a pie in the sky” - this means that sometimes you need to be content with what you have. A friend of mine was offered a very lucrative position, but he urgently needed to move to another city. He took the plunge, leaving his previous job and his elderly parents. As a result, things didn’t work out in the new place, and he was no longer accepted back, and his relationship with his family deteriorated for a long time.
(57 words) Many people cannot imagine life without sports. But what about those whose physical capabilities are limited? Don't give up! We all know about the Paralympic Games, where athletes demonstrate real miracles. But not only professionals are capable of this: for example, in my city there is an amateur basketball team for wheelchair users. These people prove that you need to fight for what is important to you.
(43 words) Children are known to internalize the values of adults. There is a popular image on the Internet: a boss yelled at a man; he, having come home, quarreled with his wife; she scolded the child, and the child also “raises” the kitten. The drawing is funny, but instructive: it shows that you need to teach good things by your own example.
(49 words) Everyone chooses their own life guidelines, but big role education plays a role here, including spiritual education. In any religion there are rules that determine what kind of person should be and what to strive for. Usually these are traditional values: respect for elders and care for younger ones, love of work, kindness, honesty and other virtues.
(38 words) One of the main values for me personally is friendship. I can share any experiences with friends, knowing for sure that they will support me and give advice. Communication with these people energizes me, gives me confidence and inspires me to new achievements.
(42 words) In our age, it has become popular to “make a career” - often to the detriment of everything else. The nationwide program “In the Family Circle” is aimed at reminding people of the value of a strong marriage and having children. With the help of television, cinema, and theater, the program organizers show the advantages of a large, friendly family.
(60 words) The life values of even the same person change over time. My brother was greedy as a child, and I was afraid that this quality would remain in him forever. But everything changed when he liked a girl from his classmate - he began to save on entertainment in order to buy her a gift, and in general, he became more attentive to the people around him. Now he is a wonderful, generous person, and that girl is his bride.

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MATERIAL FOR PREPARATION FOR ESSAY 15.3 (OGE)

1. wording of the task;

2. definition of the meaning of the concept;

3. abstracts on the topic;

4. examples of arguments;

5. essays;

6. bank of arguments;

1. Formulation of task 15.3

How do you understand the meaning of the combination " LIFE VALUES" ? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-discussion on the topic "What's happened LIFE VALUES» , taking the definition you gave as a thesis. When arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example- give an argument from the text you read, and second - from your life experience.

2. Working with the concept

Life values - it is what people consider important in their lives. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines not only a person’s fate, but also his relationships with others. Life values are formed in childhood; they lay the foundation for the rest of life.

Abstracts

1.What are Life Values? Life values are goals and priorities that, controlling a person’s life, determine his essence. For some, material well-being is important in life, that is, money, or power, or a career. Others value their family, their homeland... Everyone chooses their own priorities.

2.What are life values? I think these are the values that serve as guidelines in a person’s life, a standard, criteria for the quality of life and the “correctness” of decisions and actions.

3.Each of us strives for something, wants to achieve something. The life values that we adhere to help us with this. After all, what we do and who we become depends on our core values.

4. Life values are our internal compass by which we must check our every step on the road of life. I think that any of us would consider family, love, and friendship to be among our life values. They are the ones who serve as a support for a person.

For some, material values are important: money, food, clothing, housing. For some, spiritual values are a priority: spiritual search, discovery and realization of one’s life purpose, creative self-development, fulfillment of one’s earthly mission. But there are so-called universal values that are important for all people. Among these are the following:

1. Self-love (which has nothing to do with selfishness). Only self-love helps to show love towards other people.

2. Warm relationships with people on whom our whole life is built.

3. A close loved one, a soul mate who holds a special place in your heart. After all, only a couple living in love and harmony is able to realize themselves and leave a mark in life.

4. Creating a home.

5. Love for children.

6. Love for the Motherland - the place where you were born and spent your childhood. This is one of the most important factors personality formation.

7. Work or other social activity. Of course, work is very important. But in the modern world there has been a catastrophic shift in its direction. Many people spend much more time making money than own health, sports, raising children, creating a home combined.

8. Friends and like-minded people. Communication with such people gives joy and self-confidence.

9. Rest. It is rest that allows us to find peace and balance, to concentrate on ourselves.

10. Purpose. Having a true goal is an inevitable condition for a fulfilling human life. Life without a goal is boring, empty and monotonous.

11. Life itself in all the diversity of its manifestations.

Human life values play key role in his fate, because it depends on them decision making, fulfillment of life purpose, relationships with other people.

4. Examples of works.

5. Essays

What are life values?

Every person has their own values in life. There are material values that, unfortunately, are becoming increasingly important in modern society. In my opinion, the most important values are family, love, loyalty, patriotism and much of what is the moral basis of the life of any of us. I will prove this thesis by taking arguments from the proposed fragment of the work of A.A. Aleksin and analyzing his life experience.

I would like to begin the argumentation of the above thesis with an example from the text. The boy's parents surrounded him with excessive care and love, but he did not like the excessive care: he tried to understand this, as it seemed to him, injustice (34-37). This is probably why the narrator did not grow up to be an egoist, but remained a kind and attentive son. Family for him is the main value in life.

In addition, I will refer to my life experience. I am sure that one of the main moral values is memory. We must remember our heroic past... My school is named after Hero of the Soviet Union V.P. Zakharchenko, who died during the Great Patriotic War and was buried in Ukraine. Recent events taking place in the world indicate that people are beginning to forget the feat of our grandfathers and great-grandfathers. However, in our country, Victory Day is a sacred holiday, and Russians will never forget the price at which they got the peaceful sky above their heads. It is important to never forget this.

Thus, I proved that moral values are much more important than material ones, because money, power, connections will not help a person in difficult times, but family, Motherland, native land will always be his support in life.

Orlova Irina

Life values are what people consider important in their lives, what determines the goals and motives of their activities, what they dream about and what they strive for. Life values play a key role in a person’s destiny, because decision-making, the fulfillment of life’s purpose, and relationships with other people depend on them. Each person has his own system of life values, his own priorities. I will prove this with examples from the text I read.

Let's turn to the text A.A. Aleksin a. It tells about one family. All members of this family have their own life values. For example, for the parents of the hero of the text, the main value in life is their late child, whose appearance they have been waiting for 16 years. Parents show great love and care for their son, they are proud of him and constantly praise him. It is clear that the son is the meaning of life for his parents.

But at older sister The hero has other priorities in life: education, career and work. Lyudmila is a PhD candidate and works in an architectural studio. Very for her great value has professional development.

Thus, life values are rules that are internally binding for a person; these are what a person adheres to and cannot change. (173 words)

Life values are what people consider important in their lives, what they dream about and what they strive for. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines a person's destiny. Life values are material and spiritual. I will prove my words with examples from the text I read.

In the text by I.A. Cleandrovatells about three friends. The main value in life for Sophia and Lena was their appearance and expensive things. They strived to look impeccable and glamorous, constantly showed off their stylish outfits, had many fans and chances for a career in modeling business. They liked being loved for their looks. But one day Sophia had a dream that changed her outlook on life; it helped her understand that there are more significant values in the world than bright appearance and fashionable clothes.

But their friend Katya has completely different priorities. Outwardly, she was not as spectacular as Sophia and Lena, but she excelled in her studies and graduated from school with a gold medal. For this girl, one of the main values in life is education. Katya was also very kind and sensitive: she worried about her friends not only in reality, but also in Sophia’s dreams. It was for her kind soul that the girl Masha fell in love with Katya. So, Katya put spiritual values first in her life.
Thus, each person determines for himself what to strive for and what rules to adhere to. It is only very important to determine the right guidelines for yourself, because a person’s life path depends on them. (234 words)

The hero of the text P.S. From the first day, Romanov and Trifon Petrovich managed to win the favor of the hostess, because he turned out to be a simple, cheerful, responsive person. For him, the main values in life are selfless help, good memory and faith in people. It was not difficult for him to repair Polikarpovna’s porch for free and attract other guests. It is clear that Trifon Petrovich in his life is guided exclusively by spiritual guidelines.

At first, Polikarpovna was sympathetic to her guest; she, like him, condemned people who thought only about their own benefit. But then the hostess succumbed to the general mood and she, too, was overcome by the thirst for profit. So, for Polikarpovna, material values turned out to be more important than spiritual ones.

Thus, a person decides for himself what life principles and guidelines he will be guided by. The main thing is to remember that not only the path of life, but also relationships with others depend on them.(170 words)

Life values are what people consider important in their lives. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines not only a person’s fate, but relationships with others. Life values are formed in childhood; they lay the foundation for the rest of life. I will prove my words with specific examples.

Let us turn to the text of the modern Russian prose writer and screenwriter V. Tokarev oh. Her hero, Korolkov, watches with sadness his own sixteen-year-old daughter. He notes that she grew up selfish because she does not take into account the opinion of her own mother and thinks only of herself. Korolkov understands that he himself is to blame for what is happening: it was necessary to form spiritual values in the child from early childhood. Therefore, the hero realizes responsibility for his own daughter and is ready to correct the mistakes he has made.

Another example that confirms my words can be cited from the comedy D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrown". Mrs. Prostakova, just like Korolkov, did not teach her son Mitrofan many things important things: respect your own father and elders, work, study. The main priorities in life for him are to eat well, sleep and be idle. He lacks moral guidelines, so it will be difficult for him to establish relationships with people around him.

Thus, life values must be formed in childhood, otherwise a person will face many difficulties in future life. (185 words)

	Text by V.S. Tokareva about Korolkov, Nadezhda and Oksana.	Life values are formed in childhood; they lay the foundation for the rest of life.	Life values, childhood, foundation of future life	Life values are what people consider important in their lives. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines not only a person’s fate, but relationships with others. Life values are formed in childhood; they lay the foundation for the rest of life.	Comedy heroine *D.I. Fonvizin "Undergrown"* Mrs. Prostakova just like Korolkov, she did not teach her son Mitrofan many important things: respect your father and elders, work, study. The main priorities in life for him are to eat well, sleep and be idle. He lacks moral guidelines, so it will be difficult for him to establish relationships with people around him.
	Text by I.A. Cleandrova about Sophia, Lena and Katya. Text by P.S. Romanov about Trifon Petrovich and Polikarpovna.	Life values are material and spiritual. Which of them are of greater importance to humans?	Life values, material values, spiritual values	Life values are what people consider important in their lives, what they dream about and what they strive for. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines a person's destiny. Life values are material and spiritual. Which of them are of greater importance to humans?	Comedy hero *N.V. Gogol “The Inspector General”* Khlestakov(life values - entertainment, pleasure, fashionable clothes)
			Life values, material values, spiritual values		Hero of the story *N.V. Gogol Chichikov* (life values - profit, material wealth). The main character of the story *I. Bunina “Mr. from San Francisco”* (life values – making money).
	Text by A.G. Aleksin about grandmother.	Each person has his own life values.		Life values are what people consider important in their lives. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines not only a person’s fate, but also relationships with others. Each person has his own life values.	Hero " *Songs about Tsar Ivan Vasilyevich* , the young guardsman and the daring merchant Kalashnikov" Kalashnikov(life values – honor, family).
	Text by A.G. Aleksin about a late child.	Each person has his own system of life values, his own priorities.	Life values, decision making, life purpose, relationships with people, your priorities	Life values are what people consider important in their lives, what determines the goals and motives of their activities, what they dream about and what they strive for. Life values play a key role in a person’s destiny, because decision-making, the fulfillment of life’s purpose, and relationships with other people depend on them. Each person has his own system of life values, his own priorities.	Heroes of the story *N.V. Gogol “Taras Bulba”* : Andriy(the main value in life is love for a woman), Ostap, Taras(the main value in life is love for the homeland, devotion to the common cause, comrades). Hero of the story *M. Gorky "Old Woman Izergil"* Danko(life value is service to the people). Heroes of the story *M. Gorky "Makar Chudra"* Loiko Zobar And Radda(life value is freedom). Hero of the poem M. Lermontova "Mtsyri » (life value is freedom).
Life values, beliefs, principles, guidelines	Life values are what people consider important in their lives. These are their beliefs, principles, guidelines. This is a compass that determines not only a person’s fate, but also relationships with others. In people belonging to different generations, life values may differ.	Hero of the story How to determine your life values? To determine life values today there are quite a large number of techniques and techniques. We will tell you about the simplest option. 1. Write down on a piece of paper everything that you consider important in your life, but so important that you won’t be able to live without it if it doesn’t exist. 2. The list may get quite long, but now it needs to be reviewed. Ask yourself at every point whether this is something you would be absolutely miserable without, or could it be something you could give up? If there is even a slight doubt on any point, feel free to cross it out. 3. Repeat step #2 until there are no more than ten items left on your list. The resulting list can be considered a list of your main life values, based on which you should build your life in the future. Remember that your core values in life will be formed based on everything that has happened in your life, and will include not only your personal opinions, but also the opinions of those people who mean something to you: parents and other members of your family. family, friends and mentors (teachers, professors, etc.), people you admire, etc. In addition, the impact will be exerted by sociocultural characteristics, trends in society, religious institutions and much more. People who are the most effective and optimistic always try to take into account the maximum number of factors that influence their life values and, if possible, cut off the unnecessary ones. For this reason, you should try to rely only on those meanings that are the most important to you, and that over the years have shaped you as a person. If you act in this way, then your life values will become an extremely powerful tool for you that can help you make yourself and your life better and provide support in any difficulties that come your way. IMPORTANT TIP:We understand perfectly well that determining your main life values may not be as easy as it seems at first glance. That is why we suggest you not just make a list of your priorities and choose the most significant ones from it, but conduct a comprehensive assessment of your personality: find out life values, character and temperament traits, advantages and disadvantages, personality type, predispositions and even types of activities that suit you best everything.

Text 1

The doorbell rang. (2) Lively voices and laughter came from the hallway. (3) Guests appeared. (4) Respectable, well-dressed people greeted the owners, approached the table, and put appetizers on plates. (5) The ladies sat in comfortable soft chairs; the men formed groups and talked with each other. (6) Semyon Petrovich lifted me from my seat and introduced me to the guests:

- (7) Here is Ivan, the greatest original of all my daughter’s friends.

(8) Suddenly finding myself in the spotlight, I was very embarrassed and, it seems, blushed. (9) The guests began to smile, looking at me with curiosity, as if expecting me to immediately prove the truth of the professor’s words.

(10) He patted me on the shoulder:

- (11) Yes, young people today are curious. (12) You need to talk to her, you need to communicate!

(13) One interesting lady turned to me:

- (14) Tell me, Vanya. (15) I have a fifteen-year-old daughter, and she listens to some kind of screeching all day long. (16) We have a luxurious library, large, with rare books, but she doesn’t want anything. (17) He’ll come home from school, do his homework somehow, turn on the tape recorder and listen until the evening.

“(18) They call it “goofy,” one of the guests said joyfully.

“(19) The spirit of contradiction,” said another with conviction.

“(20) But in my opinion,” said the fit man, “it’s all about being spoiled.” (21) Today's young people live somehow too easily, without difficulties.

“(22) Oh, that’s an old song,” the lady laughed. - (23) It turns out that if it was hard for us, then let it be the same for them? (24) Stupid!

“(25) Probably stupid,” agreed the smart one. (26) He wanted to add something, but hesitated.

(27) Semyon Petrovich decided to change the topic:

- (28) I hope you won’t mind if my daughter sings something?

“(29) It will be wonderful,” the elderly lady said languidly.

(30) Semyon Petrovich turned to Katya, not noticing her gloomy look:

- (31) Katyusha, let’s go to “The Nightingale” by Alyabyevsky...

- (32) So, “Nightingale”? – Katya asked.

(33) She gently touched the keys with her fingers - the introduction began to sound gently. (34) Katya sang in a thin voice:

- (35) My nightingale, nightingale,

May you die, Barmaley!..

- (36) What? – Mom muttered in confusion.

(37) Katya stopped playing and turned her heated face towards us:

- (38) I’ve been singing this “Nightingale” since I was five years old. (39) We have guests - here I am with my “Nightingale”! (40) If I had caught him, this nightingale, I would have fried him over low heat!..

(41) The dumbfounded guests could not utter a word.

(According to K. Shakhnazarov)*

* Shakhnazarov Karen Georgievich (born in 1952) – Soviet and Russian film director, screenwriter, producer.

1. Which answer option contains the information needed to justification answer to the question: “Why does Semyon Petrovich call young people “curious”?”

1) Young people are distinguished by curiosity, interest in the world around them and life.

2) Semyon Petrovich wants to show that he is interested in today's youth.

3) Young people often show excessive curiosity, delving into problems that do not concern them.

4) Semyon Petrovich, calling young people this way, seeks to hurt and offend young people.

2. Indicate which means of expressive speech is used in sentence 16: “We have a luxurious library, large, with rare books, but she doesn’t want anything.”.

1) comparative phrase 2) metaphor 3) word conversational style 4) phraseology

3. In what word prefix Is it always spelled the same way, regardless of pronunciation?

1) spoiled 2) fried 3) introduction 4) confused

4 . Which word is spelled? suffix is determined by the rule: “In the short form of an adjective, as many N are written as in full form this adjective"?

1) unexpectedly (sentence 8) 3) with conviction (sentence 19)

2) joyfully (sentence 18) 4) wonderful (sentence 29)

5. Specify the word with alternating vowel in the root.

1) touched 2) blushed 3) say 4) interesting

6. Replace spoken word "current" in sentence 21 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

7. Replace the phrase "pleasedly reported"(sentence 18), built on the basis of adjacency, a synonymous phrase with connection control

8. Write out grammatical basis proposals 14.

9. Among sentences 1–7, find a sentence with a separate distributed application

10. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the number indicating the comma at introductory words .

– I hope, (1) that you won't mind (2) what if my daughter sings something?

– It'll be wonderful (3) – the elderly lady said languidly.

Semyon Petrovich turned to Katya, (4) without noticing her gloomy look:

– Katyusha, (5) come on, “The Nightingale” by Alyabyevsky...

– 3begins, (6) "Nightingale"? – Katya asked.

11. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 23. Write the answer in numbers.

12. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected creative writing communication

I have a fifteen-year-old daughter, (1) and she listens to some kind of screeching all day long. We have a luxurious library, (2) large, (3) with rare books, (4) but she doesn’t want anything. He will come home from school, (5) do some homework, (6) turn on the tape recorder and listen until the evening.

13 . Find among sentences 27–35 complex offer with consistent submission

14. Find among sentences 37–40 complex non-union

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous scientist L.T. Grigoryan: “In non-union complex sentences, different punctuation marks are used because each of them indicates special semantic relationships between the parts.” When justifying your answer, give 2 (two) examples from the text you read.

You can write a paper in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing the topic using linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of L.T. Grigoryan.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded.

15.2 . Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the text fragment:

“Tell me, Vanya. I have a fifteen-year-old daughter, and she listens to some kind of screeching all day long. We have a luxurious library, large, with rare books, but she doesn’t want anything. He’ll come home from school, do his homework somehow, turn on the tape recorder and listen until the evening.

“They call it “goofy,” one of the guests said joyfully.

“The spirit of contradiction,” said another with conviction.

“But in my opinion,” said the fit man, “it’s all about being spoiled.” Today’s young people live somehow too easily, without difficulties.”

Cite 2 (two) in an essay

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

15.3. LIFE VALUES one example- give an argument from the text you read, and second - from your life experience.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

Text 2

1) Mom and father went on business trips very often: together they designed factories that were built somewhere very far from our city. (2) I stayed with my grandmother - my mother’s mother.

(3) In dysfunctional families, parents, having left home, do not send letters at all; in prosperous families, they write about once or twice a week - my grandmother and I received letters every day. (4) My parents followed a strict order: one letter was from my father, the other from my mother. (5) The order was never violated. (6) At the end of the letter there was always a date, and a little lower it was written: “8 o’clock in the morning.” (7) So, father and mother are pussy l both after my morning run and before work.

- (8) Fantastic! - Grandmother once said. - (9) At least once they mixed up the line!..

(10) I couldn’t understand: does she admire my parents or reproach them for something? (11) This was a distinctive feature of my grandmother: it was often impossible to determine from her tone whether she was joking or speaking seriously, praising or ridiculing. (12) I admired them, because we often admire actions that we ourselves are not capable of.

(13) Of course, the grandmother was happy for her daughter, proud of her husband, that is, my father, but she, like me, rarely followed the rules that they tried to teach us to.

(14) For example, mother and father tried to toughen us up. (15) But my grandmother and I did not want to wipe ourselves with ice water or get up on Sundays even earlier than on weekdays to go skiing or hiking. (16) We realized that we were doing gymnastics unclearly.

(17) In general, my parents kept accusing both of us of being unclear: we didn’t clearly communicate who called mom or dad on the phone and when, and we didn’t clearly follow the daily routine.

(18) Having seen off my mother and father on their next business trip, my grandmother and I immediately, like conspirators, gathered for an emergency council. (19) Short, thin, with short-cropped hair, the grandmother resembled a mischievous boy. (20) And this boy, as they said, looked a lot like me. (21) And not only externally.

- (22) Well, how much money do we save for cinema? - asked the grandmother.

- (23) More! - I said.

(24) And my grandmother, who loved going to the cinema, like me, saved more, and then saved money on dinners.

(25) According to my parents, my grandmother and I acted unreasonably and were the wrong people, and this united us.

(According to A. Aleksin)*

* Aleksin Anatoly Georgievich

justification answer to the question: “Why did the hero-narrator admire his parents?”

1) The hero-narrator saw in his parents positive qualities, which he himself did not possess.

2) The narrator’s parents “designed factories that were built somewhere very far away.”

3) After going on a business trip, the narrator’s parents wrote home more often than is customary in prosperous families.

4) The narrator’s parents were people who could teach how to avoid any problems.

2. Indicate what means of expressive speech is used in sentence 18: “Having seen off my mother and father on their next business trip, my grandmother and I immediately, like conspirators, gathered for an emergency council.”

1) metaphor 2) comparative phrase 3) opposition 4) colloquial words

consoles approximation»?

1) send 2) approximately 3) accustom 4) mixed up

suffix

1) emergency 2) trimmed 3) always 4) morning

5.Indicate the word with alternating vowel in the root.

1) was proud 2) hardened 3) wiped off 4) accused

6. Replace spoken word "swiped" in sentence 20 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

7. Replace the phrase "morning run"(sentence 7), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connection adjacency. Write the resulting phrase.

8. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 7.

9. Among sentences 17–20, find a sentence with homogeneous separate definitions . Write the number of this offer.

10. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory design.

Having seen off my mother and father on their next business trip, (1) my grandmother and I immediately, (2) like conspirators, (3) gathered for an emergency council. Short, (4) thin, (5) with short-cropped hair, (6) the grandmother resembled a mischievous boy. And this boy, (7) as they said, (8) looked a lot like me.

11. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 11. Write the answer in numbers.

12. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected creative writing communication

And my grandmother, (1) loved going to the movies, (2) like me, (3) saved more, (4) and then saved money on dinners.

According to my parents, (5) my grandmother and I acted unreasonably and were the wrong people, (6) and this united us.

13. Among sentences 10–13, find complex offer with consistent

14. Among sentences 13–17, find a complex sentence with non-union and allied subordinating

15.1. Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement by linguist V.G. Vetvitsky: “A noun is like the conductor of a grammatical orchestra. The orchestra members watch him vigilantly - the dependent words are similar to him in form, consistent with him.” When justifying your answer, give 2 (two) examples from the text you read.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

You can write a paper in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing the topic using linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of V.G. Vetvitsky.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

15.2. “According to my parents, my grandmother and I acted unreasonably and were the wrong people, and this united us.”.

Bring it in your essay

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

15.3. How do you understand the meaning of the phrase LIFE VALUES? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-discussion on the topic "What are life values", taking the definition you gave as a thesis. When arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example- give an argument from the text you read, and second - from your life experience.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

Text 3

(1) All magicians and other visiting artists who come to our city constantly stop in this house and give their performances. (2) Today there are posters hanging near the entrance: “The miracle artist paints with his feet.” (3) Of course, I plaintively ask:

- (4) Ma-a-ma...

(5) And of course, we go up the stairs. (6) In a large room - this is a performance hall - there are three rows of chairs in front of a small stage. (7) There are not many people. (8) The bell rings. (9) Someone is playing the piano. (10) The audience sits on chairs. (11) A man with a crumpled face comes out onto the stage, where there is a large easel and a chair, he clears his throat loudly and begins to say:

- (12) Dear audience, now you will, without a doubt, see greatest miracle, inexplicable mystery of nature, an artist who lost both arms. (13) This artist learned to paint with his feet, and now you will see for yourself.

(14) A tall, slender man with a handsome face appears on the stage. (15) Both sleeves of his jacket are completely empty from top to bottom, and the ends of the sleeves are tucked into both pockets. (16) This is the armless artist. (17) He bows to the audience without a smile, with dignity. (18) The artist sits on a chair in front of the easel. (19) A man with a crumpled face inserts a piece of coal into the artist’s toes. (20) And the artist begins to draw with his foot. (21) First, something like a winding river appears on the easel. (22) Trees appear on both sides of it. (23) No, this is not a river, but a path in the forest. (24) Then the sun appears from behind the trees. (25) That's it.

- (26) “The road goes into the distance...”, explains the artist, “this is a landscape. (27) Then he draws several more caricatures. (28) The spectators laugh and clap. (29) The artist gets up and feels for his shoes with his feet. (30) The assistant, pointing to the drawings just made by the artist, offers those who wish to purchase them. (31) There are no takers.

- (32) Inexpensive... (33) Buy it! - suggests the artist's assistant.

(34) The artist stands motionless. (35) His eyes are lowered. (36) Lips tightly compressed.

- (37) How much? - I suddenly ask excitedly.

(38) Mom very decisively takes my hand. (39) The assistant rushes to us:

- (40) Cheap...

(41) I look at my mother with pleading eyes.

- (42) Mommy!..

(43) Mom pays thirty kopecks. (44) The artist approaches the edge of the stage, he says very cordially and simply:

- (45) Let the little lady take the drawing “The road goes into the distance...”. (46) When I was still an artist (and I was a real artist, please believe me!), this was my favorite theme: “Everything forward, everything into the distance! If you walk, don’t fall, if you fall, get up, if you hurt yourself, don’t whine. Everyone - go ahead! All away!..”

(47) The artist’s charcoal drawing on paper “The road goes into the distance...”, framed in a glass frame, was hung in my room. (48) For a number of years, when I opened my eyes, I saw the road among the trees from behind which the sun was rising, and I remembered the words of the artist: “If you fell, get up. If you hurt yourself, don't whine. The road goes into the distance, the road goes forward! (49) These were courageous words of a courageous man. (50) The injury did not defeat him; he defeated his injury. (51) He was not at a loss, did not lose heart, he did not beg for alms, as cripples do, he worked as best he could. (52) The artist told me his wonderful words as parting words, and I remembered them for the rest of my life as a testament to the will to resist. (53) Oh, how these words have been useful to me in my life!

(According to A.Ya. Brushtein*)

* Alexandra Yakovlevna Brustein (1884 - 1968) - Russian Soviet writer and playwright.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to substantiate the answer to the question: “Why did the girl want to buy a drawing by a crippled artist?”

1) The girl felt sorry for the artist’s assistant, who did not have money for the basic necessities.

2) The artist asked the girl and her mother about this.

3) This was a drawing of a courageous man who did not submit to fate and continued to fight.

4) The drawing was unusually beautiful and inexpensive.

Phraseologism.

A tall, slender man with a handsome face appears on the stage.

I look at my mother with pleading eyes.

These were courageous words from a courageous man.

He was not confused, did not lose heart, he did not beg for alms, as cripples do, he worked as best he could

3. From sentences 50–53, write down the word in which the spelling of the prefix

4. From sentences 30–36, write down a word in which the spelling of the suffix is determined by the rule: “In short passive past participles, one letter N is written.”

“hurt” in sentence 48 is a stylistically neutral synonym. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase “glass frame” (proposition 47), built on the basis of coordination, with a synonymous phrase with the control connection. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write down the grammatical basis of sentence 47.

8. Among sentences 27–36, find a sentence complicated by a separate common circumstance. Write the number of this offer.

Introductory word.

– Dear audience, (1) now you, (2) no doubt (3) you will see the greatest miracle, (4) (5) artist, (6) who lost both arms. This artist learned to paint with his feet, (7)
and now you will see for yourself.

10. Indicate the number of grammatical bases in sentence 51. Write the answer in numbers.

Subordinating connection.

On the stage, (1) where there is a large easel and a chair, (2) a man comes out with a crumpled face, (3) He clears his throat loudly and begins to say:

– Dear audience, (4) now you, (5) no doubt (6) you will see the greatest miracle, (7) an inexplicable mystery nature, (8) artist, (9) who lost both arms.

12. Among sentences 47–51, find complex sentence
with parallel (heterogeneous) subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 49–53, find a complex sentence with a non-union
and union subordinating connection

Text 4

(1) Grandfather was sleeping. (2) Grandfather’s hands were on the table; they were large, the skin on them became like the bark on a tree, and thick black veins were visible under the skin, these hands plowed a lot of land.

- (3) Grandfather Titus, do you know everything?

- (4) That’s it, Afonya, I know everything.

- (5) Wake up, grandpa, tell me everything!

“(6) Yes, I’ve already woken up, let’s go now to torture the white light,” answered the grandfather.

(7) Old Titus drank the kvass, took Afonya by the hand, and they left the hut outside. (8) There the sun stood high in the sky and illuminated the ripening grain in the fields and the flowers on the road. (9) Grandfather led Afonya along a field road, and they went out to a pasture where sweet clover grew for cows, where grass sprang and flowers bloomed. (10) Grandfather stopped at a blue flower, patiently growing with roots from fine clean sand, pointed it out to Athos, then bent down and carefully touched that flower.

- (11) I know that myself! - Afonya said drawlingly. - (12) But I need that the most important thing happens, you tell me about everything! (13) But this color grows, it’s not everything!

(14) Grandfather Titus became thoughtful and angry with his grandson.

- (15) This is where the most important thing is for you!.. (16) You see: the sand lies dead, it is stone chips, and there is nothing else. (17) A stone does not live and does not breathe, it is dead dust. (18) Do you understand now?

“(19) No, grandfather Titus,” Afonya said confidently, there’s nothing clear here.

- (20) Well, I don’t understand, so what do you want, since you’re slow-witted?..
(21) And the flower is such a pitiful one, but it is alive, and it made its body out of dead dust. (22) Therefore, he turns the dead loose earth into a living body and smells of pure spirit from it. (23) Here you have the most important thing in this world, here you have it, where everything comes from. (24) This flower is the most holy worker, it works life out of death...

- (25) Do grass and rye also do the main thing? - asked Afonya.

“(26) The same,” said grandfather Titus.

- (27) And you and I?

- (28) And you and I, we are plowmen, Afonushka, we help the bread to grow. (29) And this one here yellow It's for medicine and they pick it up at the pharmacy. (30) You would have picked them and demolished them. (31) Your father is at war; suddenly they hurt him or he weakens from illness, so they treat him with medicine.

(32) Afonya thought among the herbs and flowers. (33) He himself, like a flower, now also wanted to make life out of death, he thought about how blue, red, yellow happy flowers were born from loose, boring sand, raising their kind faces to the sky and breathing pure spirit into the white light.

- (34) Now I myself know about everything! - said Afonya.

(35) Grandfather Titus said nothing. (36) He invisibly smiled at his kind grandson and went to sleep in the hut on the stove.

(37) And little Afonya was left alone in the field. (38) He collected as many yellow flowers as he could hold in an armful and took them to the pharmacy for medicine so that his father would not get sick from wounds during the war. (39) At the pharmacy they gave Athos an iron comb for flowers. (40) He brought it to his grandfather and gave it to him: now let grandfather scratch his beard with that comb.

“(41) Thank you, Afonushka,” said the grandfather.

(42) The old man smiled meekly, stroked his grandson’s head and looked at him as if he were a flower growing on the ground. (According to A.P. Platonov*)

* Andrey Platonovich Platonov (1899 - 1951) famous Russian Soviet writer, playwright, poet, publicist and screenwriter.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why did grandfather Titus and Afonya go outdoors?”

1) Grandfather and grandson wanted to take a walk and get some fresh air

2) Grandfather Titus wanted to explain to his grandson what is the most important thing on earth.

3) Afonya wanted to find out from his grandfather medicinal plants to collect them and take them to the pharmacy

2. Indicate a sentence in which the means of expressive speech is personification.

1) The old man smiled meekly, stroked his grandson’s head and looked at him like a flower growing on the ground

2) Old Titus drank the kvass, took Afonya by the hand, and they left the hut outside.

3) He himself, like a flower, now also wanted to make life out of death, he thought about how blue, red, yellow happy flowers were born from loose boring sand, raising their kind faces to the sky and breathing pure spirit into the white light.

4) He smiled invisibly at his kind grandson and went to sleep in the hut on the stove

3. From sentences 1–6, write down the word in which the spelling consoles depends on the voicelessness of the subsequent consonant

4. From sentences 14–20, write down the word in which the spelling suffix is determined by the rule: “In an adjective formed from a noun with a stem in -N, NN is written”

5. Replace spoken word "got angry" in sentence 14 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase "iron comb"(sentence 39), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connection control. Write the resulting phrase

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 3.

8. Among sentences 7–13, find a complicated sentence separate common agreed upon definition. Write the number of this offer.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the number(s) indicating the comma(s) when introductory design.

Well, I don’t understand, (1) so what do you want, (2) since you’re slow-witted?..
And the flower is so pathetic, (3) but it is alive, (4) and it made itself a body from dead dust. Therefore, (5) he turns dead loose earth into a living body and smells of pure spirit from it.

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 38. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected subordinating communication

Grandfather stopped at a blue flower, (1) patiently growing with roots from fine clean sand, (2) pointed it out to Athos, (3) then bent down and carefully touched that flower.

-I know that myself! – Afonya said drawlingly. - And I need, (4) what is most important, (5) you tell me about everything! And this color grows, (6) it’s not everything!

12. Among sentences 7–10, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 11–18, find a complex sentence with non-union
and union coordinating

Text 5

Once upon a time there lived three brothers. (2) One day during an evening conversation they started talking about the Dream.

“(3) A person cannot live without a Dream,” said the Elder.

- (4) A dream is a support. (5) She gives wings, she adds strength, she helps to live.

(6) “A dream is a lighthouse,” replied the Middle One.

- (7) You won’t get lost in life with her, she will always show you the way.

“(8) I don’t agree,” the Elder got excited. - (9) A dream is like faith. (10) If you have it, go wherever you want, everything will be a joy.

(11) How can you walk without seeing the way? - (12) The middle one was more reasonable. -

(13) A dream is more like a hope, because if you don’t have a goal, even faith can be blind!

- (14) And I think, said Junior, lowering his eyes, “that the Dream is salvation.” (15) Without a Dream, the Soul will dry up, like a sprout in the desert.

“(16) The dream must be high,” said the Elder. - (17) The higher the Dream, the more strength it gives to the walker. (18) For example, I dream of making people happy. (19) What could be higher and more joyful?

“(20) The dream must be achievable,” objected the Middle One. - (21) They say that in order for life not to be in vain, you need to build a house, plant a tree and raise a son. (22) This is my Dream.

“(23) And I dream of Perfection,” Junior said quietly, still without raising his eyes. - (24) I dream of being a master and helping others become masters, because mastery dies if it remains in one person.

(25) After a short silence, the Middle one said:

- (26) Well, brothers, isn’t it time for us to go towards our Dream?

- (27) It's time! - the brothers answered warmly.

- (28) Then it’s decided: tomorrow we’ll hit the road!

…(29) The brothers walked for a long time across their native land. (30) And they stopped one day at a fork in three roads.

“(31) This sign from above is not accidental,” said the Elder. - (32) Since each of us has our own Dream, it follows that we are each destined to go our own way. (33) It is getting dark, however. (34) We’ll spend the night here, and until the morning we’ll think about who should go which way. (35) Having woken up, the brothers sat silently for a long time by the burnt out fire. (36) Everyone thought about their own things, but everyone thought about the same thing. (37) Doubts tormented their souls. (38) The brothers hugged goodbye and each went their own way.

(39) Many years have passed since then. (40) And as the brothers then went their separate ways, they never met again.

(41) The elder did not understand that no one can do happy person except himself. (42) Each person is the creator of his own happiness, and until the Elder realizes this, he will continue to live with his unfulfilled dream.

(43) And the middle brother? (44) He has a house, a garden, a family. (45) Didn’t his dream come true? (46) But he drove his innermost Dream into the tight and dusty circle of his home. (47) Once upon a time, his youthful heart responded to ancient wisdom, but a cold mind interpreted its meaning in its own way. (48) But “to build a house” means to find spiritual support, solid life position, immune to storms and hurricanes. (49) “Planting a tree” means sowing seeds of goodness in people, carefully stored in your heart, and “raising a son” means passing on your experience to others, like children reaching out to your light.

(50) And only the Younger realized that it is not a dream that serves a person, but a person serves a dream. (51) His Dream can be called in one word - Love. (52) Not for a specific person, but Love for Perfection, for Beauty, Love for people. (53) He became a Master and showed his students the path to happiness, which the elder brother did not achieve, sowed seeds and grew fruits, which the middle brother shied away from, and touched Perfection, which he himself once dreamed of. (54) Only he found the true path.

(According to V.A. Tuzlukov*)

* Viktor Anatolyevich Tuzlukov (born 1964)

modern writer, publicist, literary award winner

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: « Why did each brother go his own way?

The brothers quarreled, arguing about the Dream.

Everyone had their own Dream, therefore, everyone had to go their own way.

It was destined to be so.

The brothers did not know what to do, they argued, it was a compromise solution

2. Indicate the answer option in which the means of expressive speech is epithet.

A dream is like faith. Do you have it? – go wherever you want, everything will be a joy

Without a Dream, the Soul will dry up like a sprout in the desert.

Once upon a time, his youthful heart responded to ancient wisdom, but his cold mind interpreted its meaning in its own way.

He became a Master and showed his students the path to happiness, which the elder brother did not achieve, sowed seeds and grew fruits, which the middle brother shied away from, and touched Perfection, which he himself once dreamed of.

3. From sentences 50–53, write down the word in which the spelling consoles depends on the deafness - the voicedness of the subsequent consonant.

4. From sentences 24–31, write down the word in which the spelling suffix determined by the rule: « In short passive past participles, one letter N is written.”

5. Replace spoken word "once" in sentence 32 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase "youthful heart"(sentence 47), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 11.

8. Among sentences 29–38, find a complicated sentence isolated circumstance. Write the number of this offer.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory words.

The dream must be high (1) - said the Elder. – The higher the Dream, (2) the more strength it gives to the walker. I, (3) For example, (4) I dream of making people happy. What could be higher and more joyful?

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 10. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected subordinating communication

The elder still didn’t understand (1) that no one can make a person happy, (2) except himself. Every person is

creator of your own happiness, (3) And, (4) until the Elder realizes it, (5) he will continue to live with his unfulfilled dream.

12. Among sentences 47–52, find a complex sentence
with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 39–47, find a complex sentence with conjunctive coordinating and subordinating connection between parts. Write the number of this offer

Text 6

I close my eyes and see my alley. (2) First Workers. (3)Two-story wooden house, in which I lived the first ten years of my life. (4) I never see him in the summer, only in the winter. (5) I smell the snow and lick it off my colorful mitten.

(6) In the last preschool winter, I was sent to a “group” - that’s what they called the children who walked in the park in the morning with an “intelligent” teacher. (7) The “group” appeared the perfect way overcome my shyness.

(8) Grandfather brought me to the park as expected: at ten. (9) The teacher, a thin lady from the “former”, said that I look like Malvina, and her name is Vera Grigorievna.

(10) Having made sure that the children were “intelligent”, and there was nothing to say about Vera Grigorievna, the grandfather moved towards the main alley leading from the park to the street (we were walking on a small side one!).
(11) I burst into tears and rushed to catch up with him. (12) Vera Grigorievna rushed after me, the intelligent children threw down their shovels and rushed after Vera Grigorievna.

(13) I was the first to reach my grandfather and, blinded with grief, buried myself in the pocket of his heavy, good-quality coat.

(14) Grandfather gave up: the sound of my sobs, no doubt, worked flawlessly.

(15) Having shaken off the snow from a massive bench with openwork paws sinking into a snowdrift, he sat firmly on it, raised his collar and froze like a statue.

(16) Vera Grigorievna and I and the confused children returned to our side alley. (17) I calmed down: the wide back with the raised astrakhan collar was ten meters away from my eyes.

(18) Dancing in a circle around a huge hollow oak tree and sculpting Easter cakes out of snow, trying to make them no worse than those of the other children, turned out to be much more fun than walking hand in hand with my grandmother, as I did before. (19) Every ten minutes I looked up from my fun and checked whether my motionless back was still in place, slightly covered with slow snow. (20) The back was there and did not move. (21) One time, however, she wasn’t there, and I was about to burst into tears, but I immediately calmed down: my grandfather had not gone anywhere.

(22) Having become numb, he jumped up next to the bench and rubbed his whitened cheeks with his palms.

(23) At exactly one o’clock the festivities ended, and holding hands, my grandfather and I went home.

(24) The trees stood glassy from the frost, and gentle bluish stove smoke rose from the chimneys.

- (25) Aren’t you cold? – my grandfather asked me.

(26) I shook my head negatively. (27) New impressions overwhelmed me.

(28) The winter was long, cold and snowy. (29) Every morning from ten to one I walked in the “group”, and my grandfather sat on a bench with openwork paws buried in the snow.

(30) How could I, six years old, know what it means to sit still and freeze in the name of love?

(According to I.L. Muravyova)∗

∗ Muravyova Irina Lazarevna – contemporary writer, winner of literary awards.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why did grandfather sit on a bench in the park from ten to one every day?”

1) Grandfather took care of his health and therefore regularly spent time on fresh air.

2) Grandfather loved to watch little children play.

3) Grandfather admired the winter nature.

4) The grandfather wanted his granddaughter to know that he was always there and not cry.

2. Indicate a sentence in which the means of expressive speech is epithet.

1) A two-story wooden house in which I lived for the first ten years of my life.

2) The trees stood glassy from the frost, and gentle bluish stove smoke rose from the chimneys.

3) One time, however, she wasn’t there, and I was about to burst into tears, but I immediately calmed down: my grandfather had not gone anywhere.

4) The winter was long, cold and snowy.

3. From sentences 21–23, write down the word in which the spelling consoles depends on the deafness - the voicedness of the subsequent consonant.

4. From sentences 18–21, write down the word in which the spelling suffix is determined by the rule: “In complete passive past participles, NN is written.”

5. Replace spoken word "numb" in sentence 22 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase "stove smoke"(sentence 24), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 4.

8. Among sentences 11–15, find complicated sentences isolated circumstance

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory words.

I was the first to reach my grandfather and, (1) blinded by grief, (2) buried herself in the pocket of his heavy, good-quality coat. Grandfather gave up: the sound of my sobs, (3) no doubt (4) worked flawlessly. Having shaken off the snow from the massive bench with openwork, (5) paws drowning in a snowdrift, (6) he sat firmly on her, (7) raised his collar and froze like a statue.

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 21. Write the answer in numbers

11. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected creative writing communication

Okochenev, (1) he jumped up next to the bench and rubbed his white cheeks with his palms. At exactly one o'clock the party ended, (2) And, (3) holding hands, (4) Grandfather and I went home. The trees stood glass from the frost, (5) and gentle bluish stove smoke rose from the chimneys.

12. Among sentences 3–9, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 1–7, find a complex sentence with non-union and union subordinating connection between parts. Write the number of this offer.

Write an essay-reasoning, revealing the meaning of the statement of the famous French writer P. Merimee: “The Russian language is extraordinarily rich and remarkable mainly for its subtlety of shades”. When justifying your answer, give 2 (two) examples from the text you read.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

You can write a paper in a scientific or journalistic style, revealing the topic using linguistic material. You can start your essay with the words of P. Merimee.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) will not be graded. If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text: “How could I, six years old, know what it means to sit still and freeze in the name of love?”

In your essay, provide 2 (two) arguments from the text you read, confirming your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

How do you understand the meaning of the phrase LIFE VALUES? Formulate and comment on the definition you have given. Write an essay-discussion on the topic "What are life values", taking the definition you gave as a thesis. When arguing your thesis, give 2 (two) examples-arguments that confirm your reasoning: one example- give an argument from the text you read, and second– from your life experience. The essay must be at least 70 words.

If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write your essay neatly and in legible handwriting.

Text 7

One day in early June, a man came to Polikarpovna and asked to rent out a room for the summer. (2) Without haggling, he paid thirty rubles.

(3) His name was Trifon Petrovich. (4) He was a kind of cozy, cheerful and simple person, and the hostess from the very first day got used to him as if she were one of her own.

(5) Once, walking around the log house, Trifon Petrovich said, rubbing his hands:

- (6) Let me fix the porch for you, grandma.

“(7) Thank you, dear,” said Polikarpovna, “it’s just wonderful.” ό something to me: you came, rented a room, didn’t even bargain, and now you’re taking care of my porch, as if we weren’t strangers.

- (8) Well, Polikarpovna, is it really all about money? (9) “I’ll correct you, and then you will remember me with a kind word, so we, as they say, are even,” he said and laughed.

- (10) Now, dear, such people have gone that no one will move their hand for nothing. (11) Now they don’t think about the soul, they live only for the belly. (12) Yes, they look, as if to snatch something from each other’s hands, so as not to miss their profit.

“(13) Well, you and I have nothing to share,” answered Trifon Petrovich, smiling.

“(14) My soul departed right with you,” said Polikarpovna, “otherwise faith in people began to disappear.”

“(15) Faith in a person is the greatest thing,” responded Trifon Petrovich. – (16) When this faith disappears, then it is impossible to live.

(17) One day Trifon Petrovich returned from the city cheerfully and said:

- (18) I told everyone there in the city how good it is here: now the housewives will not fight off the guests, my hand is light.

(19) Starting from Sunday, more and more summer residents began to come to the village. (20) The housewives were seized by the fever of profit, and prices tripled, and since people kept traveling, they began to grab without any conscience.

(21) Once a neighbor came to see Polikarpovna. (22) During the conversation, she casually asked how much she rents out housing for, and when she heard the answer, she opened her eyes in surprise:

- (23) Yes, grandma, you are completely crazy! (24) I have one, it would tear your hands off for a hundred. (25) Now they take one and a half hundred, two hundred!

– (26) How about two hundred?.. – Polikarpovna asked in a barely audible voice. (27) For some reason, her voice suddenly disappeared. - (28) But they used to get everything cheap...

- (29) Not much before! (30) Then there were no people at all, but now there is no end to them. (31) I’ll tell you what: because of a stranger you are missing out on a good price, if you don’t put him up, then you will bitterly regret it! (32) Well, should we negotiate with the new guest?

(33) The old woman looked sadly and worriedly to the side, squinting her eyes, then in a changed voice she hurriedly said:

– (34) It’s decided! (35) Negotiate...

(According to P. Romanov)*

* Romanov Panteleimon Sergeevich (1884–1938) – Russian writer. Romanov's prose is characterized by lyricism and humor, mastery of dialogue, and clear, realistic language.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why did Polikarpovna decide to take on a new guest?”

1)Because Polikarpovna lost faith in people.

2)Because Polikarpovna, like other housewives in the village, was overcome by a thirst for profit.

3)Because Trifon Petrovich became a close person to her, and she was embarrassed to take money from him.

4)Because Trifon Petrovich went to the city.

3. Which word is spelled? consoles determined by its meaning – “ incompleteness of action»?

1) came 2) used to 3) come 4) squinting

4. Which word is spelled? suffix is determined by the rule: “In the short passive past participle, N is written”?

1) wonderful 2) decided 3) sad 4) cozy

6. Replace the phrase "log cabin"(sentence 5), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 11.

8. Among sentences 19–25, find the sentence. Write the number of this offer.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory structure.

– Well then (1) Polikarpovna, (2) Is it really all about money? I'll correct it for you, (3) and then you will remember me with a kind word, (4) here we are (5) as they say, (6) and evens, (7) – he said and laughed.

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 31. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down a number indicating a comma between the parts of a complex sentence connected creative writing communication

He, (1) without haggling, (2) paid thirty rubles.

His name was Trifon Petrovich. He was kind of cozy (3) cheerful and simple person, (4) and the owner got used to him from the very first day, (5) as if it were your own.

12. Among sentences 10–16, find complex offer with homogeneous subordination subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 18–25, find complex offer with non-union And conjunctive subordination between parts. Write the number of this offer.

14. Indicate the word with alternating vowel in the root.

1) paid 2) rubbing 3) sharing 4) surprised

Text 8

They've been waiting for me for sixteen years... (2) It's terrible to be a late child! (3) I have become a precious gift, like a cup that, elegant and clean, stands behind glass, but from which one never drinks tea. (4) They can’t wait for the late child and, when they finally wait, they begin to show him such love, such attention that he wants to run away to the ends of the world.

(5) To be honest, the pride of our family should be sister Lyudmila: she is a candidate of sciences and works in an architectural studio. (6) And everyone in the house is proud of me. (7) This is unfair.

(8) To disguise this injustice, my father praises me as if in jest. (9) Even for C grades brought home from school, they don’t scold me.

- (10) What a capable man! (11) I didn’t study my homework at all yesterday, I was sitting in front of the TV, and I got a C!

(12) Often my father asks me to remind him of the contents of a movie or book that we both read.

- (13) What an outlandish memory, eh! - he says joyfully. - (14) He remembers everything, as if he was reading it yesterday... (15) But I forgot everything, got everything mixed up!

(16) It seems to me that my father is just happy that he forgets and confuses everything.

(17) The next day, after I smeared Kostya’s face, my father said:

- (18) Fighting, of course, is not good. (19) But still, how brave! (20) Two heads lower, but he went on the offensive and made up his mind! (21) Such a one will not burn in fire and will not drown in water!

(22) This is what love can lead to!

(23) But I don’t like it at all that everyone at home praises me.
(24) Is it difficult to answer a three? (25) Or remember the contents of the book? (26) What kind of cretin am I? (27) And why should I be especially happy that I am “two heads” shorter than Kostya? (28) Although in fact it’s only half a head.

(29) Father and mother, it seems to me, are very pleased that I am short. (30) After all, they were expecting a child and want me to stay with them for the rest of my life. (31) But I don’t want to!

(32) I once heard on the radio that if there are several children in a family, it is not good to single out one of them. (33) I told my parents about this.

- (34) Another would be proud to be singled out, but this one thinks about his sister. (35) How kind, eh! - exclaimed the father.

“(36) So, love and care did not make you selfish,” concluded my mother. - (37) We are very happy.

(38) That's all for you! (39) They are very happy. (40) And me?..

(According to A. Aleksin)*

* Aleksin Anatoly Georgievich (born in 1924) – writer, playwright. His works, such as “My Brother Plays the Clarinet”, “Characters and Performers”, “Third in the Fifth Row” and others, tell mainly about the world of youth.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why doesn’t the hero-narrator want to be praised by his family?”

1)Hero-storyteller feels completely unworthy of the love of his parents and older sister.

2)To the hero-storyteller one has to make enormous efforts to justify this attitude of relatives.

3)To the hero-storyteller I want him to be accepted in the family for who he really is.

4)Hero-storyteller feels that praise spoils his character, makes him selfish and callous.

3. Which word is spelled? consoles is determined by the rule: “In prefixes ending in z (s) , before vowels and voiced consonants is written h , and in front of the deaf - With »?

1) run away 2) praise 3) done 4) smeared

4. Which word is spelled? suffix determined by the rule: “In complete passive past participles, NN is written”?

1) precious 2) brought 3) outlandish 4) especially

6. Replace the phrase "speaks joyfully"(sentence 13), built on the basis of adjacency, a synonymous phrase with connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 9.

8. Among sentences 12–17, find all sentences With homogeneous members . Write the numbers of these sentences.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory words.

The next day, (1) after I smeared Kostya’s face, (2) father said:

– Fight, (3) Certainly, (4) bad. But still, how brave (5) A! Two heads lower (6) and went on the offensive, (7) I've decided!

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 32. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected subordinating communication

Father and mother (1) I think, (2) very satisfied (3) that I'm short. They were expecting a child and want (4) so that I remain them for the rest of my life.

12. Among sentences 1–4, find complex offer with homogeneous subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 29–35, find complex offer with conjunctional coordinating and subordinating connection between parts. Write the number of this offer.

14. Indicate the word with alternating vowel in the root.

1) will burn 2) was proud of 3) content 4) highlight

Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text:

“That means love and care did not make you selfish,” my mother concluded. - We are very happy.

That's all for you! They are very happy. And me?..”

In your essay, provide 2 (two) arguments from the text you read, confirming your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

Text 9

Smells and screams floated through the house. (2) Nadezhda was setting the table and arguing with Oksana, who was in the bathroom and answering through the wall. (3) No words were heard, but Korolkov grasped the meaning of the conflict. (4) The conflict was that Nadezhda wanted to sit at the table with the young people, but Oksana did not want this and gave examples of other mothers who not only do not sit at the table, but even leave home. (5) Nadezhda shouted that she spent a week preparing festive table and spent her entire past life raising Oksana and does not intend to sit in the kitchen like a servant. (6) Korolkov was lying on the sofa in his room and thinking that Oksana could not talk to her mother, and Nadezhda could not talk to her daughter. (7) She commands, humiliating her. (8) And they light up against each other, like a match against a box. (9) Korolkov knew from himself: you can also achieve something from him only through flattery. (10) Flattery seemed to raise his capabilities, and he sought to raise himself to this new and pleasant limit.

(11) The door opened and Oksana came in wearing a long new jacket in the “retro” style, or, as she called it, “retrohi.”

“(12) Dad, tell her,” Oksana complained loudly. - (13) Why is she getting on my nerves?

– (14) How do you talk to your mother? – Korolkov retorted.

- (15) Well, dad. (16) Well, why is she sitting with us? (17) I will be tense all the time. (18) She always blurts out something, and everyone is uncomfortable...

- (19) What does “blurt out” mean?

- (20) Well, he won’t blurt out. (21) Will make a toast to world peace. (22) Or he’ll start paying attention to me... (23) Or he’ll start putting food on everyone’s plates, as if he’s hungry...

“(24) It’s quite disgusting to listen to you,” Korolkov announced. - (25) You speak like a complete egoist.

- (26) But it’s my birthday. (27) I’m sixteen years old. (28) Why can’t I do what I want on this day?

(29) Korolkov looked longingly at her clean, brand new face with brand new bright white teeth and thought that she had been overloved in childhood and now she would have to reap what they had sown. (30) He understood that his daughter needed him not when he carried her in his arms and visited her at a children’s health camp. (31) Namely now, at the age of sixteen, when the foundation for the rest of my life is laid. (32) And not on an outpatient basis, as the doctors say - he came, he left. (33)A stationary. (34) Every day. (35) So as not to miss possible complications. (36) And complications, as he understood, were coming.

(37) The doorbell rang. (38) Oksana was blown away like the wind along with her displeasure, and a second later her voice was heard - tight and sonorous, like a stream launched under pressure. (39) Everything was fine with her. (40) There is a holiday ahead, and life is like a holiday.

(According to V. Tokareva)*

* Tokareva Victoria Samoilovna (born in 1937) is a modern Russian prose writer and screenwriter.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why didn’t Korolkov himself intervene in the conflict between his wife and daughter?”

1)Korolkov did not understand the essence of the conflict.

2)Korolkov understood that both sides were to blame for the conflict.

3)Korolkov understood that the mother was to blame for the conflict.

4)Korolkov loved his daughter and indulged her in everything.

2. In which answer option is the means of expressive speech? phraseological unit?

1)Nadezhda shouted that she had spent a week preparing the festive table and her entire past life raising Oksana and did not intend to sit in the kitchen like a servant.

2)And complications, as he understood, were coming.

3)Oksana was blown away by the wind along with her displeasure, and a second later her voice was heard - tight and sonorous, like a stream launched under pressure.

4)There is a holiday ahead, and life is like a holiday.

3. Which word is spelled? consoles determined by its meaning – “ incompleteness of action»?

1) brought 2) preparations 3) raised 4) spent

4. Which word is spelled? suffix is determined by the rule: “In the full passive past participle, NN is written”?

1) bathroom 2) exactly 3) long 4) let out

5. Replace the colloquial word "blurt out" in sentence 18 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase "at the children's camp"(sentence 30), built on the basis of agreement, a synonymous phrase with a connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis sentences 21.

8. Among sentences 6–11, find a sentence with a separate circumstance, expressed participial phrase. Write the number of this offer.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory design.

The door opened (1) and Oksana came in wearing a long new retro style jacket, (2) or, (3) as she called (4) "retruths".

– Dad, (5) well tell her (6) – Oksana complained loudly. – Why is she getting on my nerves?

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 28. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected creative writing communication

No words were heard (1) but Korolkov grasped the meaning of the conflict. The conflict was (2) that Nadezhda wanted to sit at the table with the young people, (3) but Oksana didn’t want exactly this and cited other mothers as an example, (4) who not only do not sit at the table, (5) but they even leave home.

12. Among sentences 5–8, find a complex sentence with homogeneous subordination subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 6–11, find complex offer with non-union communication between parts. Write the number of this offer.

14. Indicate in which meaning the word is used in the text "new"(sentence 29).

1) unprecedented 2) young 3) unfamiliar 4) changed

15. Indicate the word with alternating vowel in the root.

1) humiliating 2) are on fire 3) sorry 4) are coming

Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of a fragment of the text: “He understood that he needed his daughter not when he carried her in his arms and visited her at a children’s health camp. Namely now, at the age of sixteen, when the foundation for the rest of my life is being laid.”

In your essay, provide 2 (two) arguments from the text you read that support your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

Text 10

Sofia, Lena and Katya were inseparable from kindergarten. (2) We went to school together and graduated from it together: Sophia and Lena - impeccable glamorous girls with tense “backs” beautiful eyes"C grades in physics and mathematics, Katya - with a gold medal, a good ten kilos excess weight and an ineradicable desire to be like your stylish girlfriends in everything. (3) And then, still together, we entered the university, only in different specialties. (4) Lena and Sophia had a whole herd of fans and decent chances for a stellar career in the modeling business, so they went to lectures exclusively to demonstrate new outfits. (5) Katya told them that they would probably be expelled if they did not study, but their friends only laughed at her.

(6) But one day Sophia dreamed that they became dolls in the toy department “ Children's world" (7) Katya had a price tag with a very modest amount stuck on her - matching her unsightly appearance appearance, they asked for much more for Sophia and Lenochka.

(8) So they now began to live - as royally dressed captives of glass display cases and skillfully painted celluloid boxes.

(9) And one fine day they were bought as a gift for the girl Masha.

(10) At night, when their new mistress fell asleep, Lena and Sophia began to discuss their new life.

“(11) You know, Len,” said Sophia, “we are used to considering appearance and outfits to be the most important thing - and now we are dolls.” (12) This is probably even correct.

- (13) And Katya? – Lena asks timidly.

- (14) Katya was never like us. (15) She was interested in rags, but only because you and I couldn’t live without them. (16) You see how the girl loves Katya: she almost never lets go of her, and goes to bed and eats with her, and you and I miss her on the nightstand day and night. (17) And you know what, Len? (18) Of course, I really want to be in her place. (19) But since this is impossible, at least Katya will be fine.

(20) The friends silently look at the bed.

(21) Mashenka sniffles in an embrace with a doll, the clock tirelessly cuts eternity into slices. (22) Elena and Sophia do not notice that Katya, lying on the pillow, is trying with all her might to raise her hand, and she finally succeeds. (23) She awkwardly removes a naughty strand from the girl’s face, gently strokes her cheek and whispers something into her neat ear.

(24) The girl shudders, opens one eye and, without looking, grabs all the dolls from the bedside table.

(25) Having settled comfortably in a cocoon of blankets, Lena and Sonya instantly fall asleep in the warm ring of their master’s arms, and they have the first dream of their lives. (26) They dream that they are loved - not for something, but simply because they exist.

(According to I.A. Cleandrova)*

*Kleandrova Irina Aleksandrovna (genus. in 1981) is a modern Russian writer.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why did Sophia and Elena become dolls?”

1)Sofia and Elena were beautiful and stylishly dressed.

3)Sophia and Elena did poorly both at school and at university.

4)Girls had a chance to get into the modeling business.

2. Indicate a sentence in which the means of expressive speech is metaphor.

Katya told them that they would probably be expelled if they did not study, but their friends only laughed at her.

At night, when their new owner fell asleep, Lena and Sophia began to discuss their new life

Katya was never like us.

Mashenka sniffles in an embrace with a doll, the clock tirelessly cuts eternity into slices.

3. Which word is spelled? consoles determined by its value - "incompleteness of action"?

1) gift 2) dreamed 3) raise 4) got used to

4. Which word is spelled? no suffix determined general rule(is an exception)?

1) fans 2) price tag 3) dressed up 4) glass

5. Replace spoken word "unsightly" in sentence 7 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase "gently strokes"(sentence 23), built on the basis of adjacency, a synonymous phrase with connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 9.

8. Among sentences 21–25, find sentences with a separate circumstance. Write the numbers of these sentences.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers representing commas in introductory words (introductory word).

You see (1) (2) and goes to bed, (3) and eats with her, (4) And you know what, (5) Flax? To me, (6) Certainly, (7) I really want to be in her place.

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 22. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentence below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down a number indicating a comma between the parts of a complex sentence connected creative writing communication

You see (1) how the girl loves Katya: she almost never lets go of her, (2) and goes to bed, (3) and eats with her, (4) and you and I miss you on the nightstand day and night.

12. Among sentences 1–6, find a complex sentence with consistent submission subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer.

13. Among sentences 20–26, find complex non-union offer. Write the number of this offer.

14. Indicate in which meaning the word is used in the text "decent"(sentence 4).

1) worthy 2) good 3) honest 4) acceptable

15. Indicate the word with unstressed vowel in the root, not checked by stress.

1) by the dozen 2) herd 3) notice 4) rakes

Write an argumentative essay. Explain how you understand the meaning of the ending of the text: “They dream that they are loved - not for anything, but simply because they exist”.

In your essay, provide 2 (two) arguments from the text you read, confirming your reasoning.

When giving examples, indicate the numbers of the required sentences or use citations.

The essay must be at least 70 words.

Text 11

(1) The fog has not yet cleared; in it the outlines of a huge ship faded, slowly turning towards the mouth of the river. (2) Its furled sails came to life, hanging in festoons, straightening out and covering the masts with powerless shields of huge folds; Voices and footsteps were heard. (3) The coastal wind, trying to blow, lazily fiddled with the sails. (4)Finally, the heat of the sun produced desired effect; the air pressure intensified, easily dissipated the fog and poured out along the yards into scarlet shapes, full of roses. (5) Pink shadows slid across the white masts
and gear, everything was white, except for the outstretched, smoothly moving sails, the color of deep joy.

(6) While the “Secret” was moving along the riverbed, Gray stood at the helm, not trusting the sailor to take the helm, he was afraid of the shallows. (7) The helmsman sat nearby and still did not feel any connection between the scarlet decoration and Gray’s direct goal.

(8) Now, said Gray, when my sails are red, the wind is good, and there is more happiness in my heart than an elephant at the sight of a small bun, I will try to tune you in with my thoughts, as I promised in Lisse. (9) Note, I don’t think you’re stupid or stubborn, no; you are an exemplary sailor, and that is worth a lot. (10) But you, like the majority, listen to the voices of all simple truths through the thick glass of life. (11) They scream, but you won’t hear. (12) I do what exists as an ancient idea of a beautiful, unrealizable thing, and which, in essence, is as possible as a country walk. (13) Soon you will see the girl Assol, who cannot, should not get married otherwise than in the way that I am developing before your eyes: her lover will come for her on a ship with scarlet sails. (14) She heard such a prediction in childhood from the wizard Egle.

(15) You see how closely fate, will and character traits are intertwined here. (16) I come to the one who is waiting and can only wait for me, but I don’t want anyone else but her, perhaps precisely because thanks to Assol I understood one simple truth. (17) It is to do so-called miracles with your own hands. (18) When the main thing for a person is to receive the dearest nickel, it is easy to give this nickel, but when the soul conceals the seed of a fiery plant of a miracle, give him this miracle, if you are able. (19) He will have a new soul and you will have a new one. (20) When the head of the prison himself releases the prisoner, when the billionaire gives the scribe a villa, an operetta singer and a safe, and the jockey at least once holds his horse for another unlucky horse, then everyone will understand how pleasant it is, how inexpressibly wonderful. (21) But there are no less miracles: a smile, fun, forgiveness, and what was said at the right time, the right word. (22) To own this means to own everything. (23) As for me, our beginning is mine and Assol will remain for us forever in the scarlet reflection of the sails created by the depths of the heart, which knows what love is. (24) Do you understand me?

(25) Gray turned around, looking up; the scarlet sails silently tore above him; the sun at their seams shone with purple smoke. (26) The “Secret” went out to sea, moving away from the shore. (27) There was no doubt in Gray’s sonorous soul, neither the dull sounds of alarm, nor the noise of petty worries. (28) Calmly, like a sail, he rushed towards an amazing goal, full of those thoughts that are ahead of words.

(According to A. Green*)

* Alexander Green (1880

1932) Russian prose writer, poet, creator of the fictional country in which many of his works take place, including the most famous romantic books “Running on the Waves” and “Scarlet Sails”.

1. Which answer option contains the information necessary to justification answer to the question: “Why did Gray feel happy?”

Captain Gray managed to cope with a strong storm; favorable weather gave the hero the opportunity to rest.

The beauty and grandeur of the sea gave birth to more happiness in Gray’s heart than
the elephant at the sight of a small bun.

The captain was one step away from his cherished dream – give a miracle to Assol.

Gray understood that he would soon own all the treasures of the city.

2. Indicate a sentence in which the means of expressive speech is comparison.

As a child, she heard such a prediction from the wizard Egle.

When is the most important thing for a person? – to receive the dearest nickel, it is easy to give this nickel, but when the soul conceals the grain of a fiery plant – miracle, give him this miracle if you are able.

There was no doubt about Gray's sonorous soul – no dull sounds of alarm, no noise of petty worries.

Calmly, like a sail, he rushed towards an amazing goal, full of those thoughts that are ahead of words.

3. From sentences 12–14, write down the word in which the spelling consoles determined by its value - "approximation".

4. From sentences 13–16, write down the word in which the spelling suffix is determined by the rule: “In short passive past participles, one letter N is written.”

5. Replace the book word "eager" in sentence 28 stylistically neutral synonymous. Write this synonym.

6. Replace the phrase "easily dissipated"(sentence 4), built on the basis of adjacency, a synonymous phrase with connection control. Write the resulting phrase.

7. Write it out grammatical basis proposals 27

8. Among sentences 1–5, find complicated sentences separate agreed common definition. Write the numbers of these sentences.

9. In the sentences below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the number indicating the comma at introductory words.

Onshore wind, (1) trying to blow, (2) lazily fiddled with the sails. Finally, (3) the warmth of the sun had the desired effect; (4) the air pressure increased (5) easily dispelled the fog and poured out along the rivers into scarlet forms, (6) full of roses Pink shadows slid across the whiteness of the masts and rigging, (7) everything was white (8) except for the spread out ones, (9) smoothly moving sails the color of deep joy.

10. Specify quantity grammar basics in sentence 18. Write the answer in numbers.

11. In the sentence below from the text read, all commas are numbered. Write down the numbers indicating commas between the parts of a complex sentence connected subordinating communication

Soon you will see a girl (1) which cannot (2) I shouldn't get married otherwise (3) as soon as in this way, (4) which I am developing before your eyes: her lover will sail for her on a ship with scarlet sails.

12. Among sentences 17–21, find a complex sentence
with homogeneous and parallel subordination of subordinate clauses. Write the number of this offer

13. Among sentences 4–8, find a complex sentence with non-union
and conjunctive subordinating connection between parts. Write the number of this offer.