East European Shepherd: history, standard, features. East European Shepherd - description and characteristics of the breed East European Shepherd character

One of the few dog breeds bred in our country at one time is the European Shepherd. Today this is an example of a classic. She can often be found next to a policeman or military man; she performs excellent guard duty and is an incorruptible watchman, loyal to only one owner.

Breed Features

Representatives of this breed are distinguished by physical endurance, strength combined with elegance and nobility.

They attract the attention of dog breeders primarily with their working qualities. They are usually used for patrol duty and security. The special physique of the European Shepherd allows it to work productively both in the harsh Russian winter and in the sultry desert.

History of the breed

It was bred from a breed of German shepherds brought to Russia at the beginning of the last century. Then selection work began, as a result of which the first lines of the dog breed were created, which quickly gained recognition as a service dog. From German Shepherd these dogs got the most positive qualities. Therefore, one of its types for a long time was considered eastern european shepherd. Photos and descriptions of dogs of these breeds are quite similar. Only in 1964, Soviet cynologists determined the first standards for the European Shepherd and it was recognized as a separate breed.

Characteristic

The European Shepherd is a brave, courageous dog that is both very attentive and balanced. Remaining outwardly calm, she constantly maintains control environment. This dog is owner-oriented, it gives her great pleasure to serve, follow commands, and is very easy to train. Wariness towards strangers is combined with the absence of causeless aggression. The Shepherd is confident in itself and will never raise the alarm unless there is a special reason for it.

This is a serious dog that requires an appropriate approach to education from a very early age. With proper training, even a child can easily cope with it. The Shepherd never demonstrates its strength; it plays very carefully, trying not to cause harm.

Dogs of this breed need exercise. They need them for the development of intellectual and physical abilities. That's why an important condition Maintaining a dog like a European Shepherd requires visiting training grounds or taking active, long walks.

Description of the breed

Unlike the German Shepherd, these dogs are larger. The height at the withers is 66-76 cm in males and 61-66 cm in females. The length of the body is 12-15 percent greater than the height of the dog. The short and wide loin blends smoothly into the croup. The withers and croup should be at the same level when trotting. The head is massive, slightly elongated, the transition from the forehead to the muzzle is clearly defined. The nose should be black. The ears are medium-sized, set high, with a wide base and tips pointing upward and forward. The strong, muscular neck is at an angle of 45 degrees relative to the line of the back. The saber-shaped tail is lowered down when calm and slightly raised, as if continuing the line of the back, if the dog is excited.

Strong shoulders with a well-defined scapulohumeral angle and well developed. The forelimbs, when viewed from the front, are parallel to each other. The muscular hind legs are set obliquely.

The color may vary among representatives of a breed such as the European Shepherd. Photos of black and black dogs can be found especially often. Zone colors are also allowed - red, gray. The wool is harsh to the touch, dense, medium length, slightly shorter on the head and paws. It protects the dog from cold and overheating thanks to its well-developed undercoat, which has a lighter shade.

Disqualifying faults

A serious fault that disqualifies a dog and excludes it from breeding is unilateral or complete cryptorchidism. Representatives of the breed who have a tail that is too short or curled into a ring, a nose of a color other than black, light eyes, an underbite or underbite, or the absence of one of the fangs are not allowed for breeding.

Other deviations from the standard also significantly reduce the quality of the dog: loose build, weak muscles, too long wool, curvature of the limbs, black and white color combined with red tan.

It is a service dog, so its character and behavior must meet the requirements for this breed. Unprovoked aggression, hysteria, cowardly, indifferent or too fussy behavior of a dog is grounds for disqualification.

and content features

The European Shepherd is considered one of the most unpretentious breeds. Therefore, caring for her is completely easy. During the molting period, the animal needs careful combing. You should periodically examine your pet's eyes, ears and paws, not forgetting about hygiene procedures. You should only wash your dog when necessary. It is important to provide with essential vitamins and minerals. The dog should always have free access to water and the opportunity to hide from direct sunlight.

Animals are perfect for keeping both outdoors and in apartments. Considering that the breed was bred as a working breed, the main thing for these dogs is regular physical activity, jogging, training and just communication. If available sufficient quantity time for walks and activities, then not only experienced owners, but also novice dog breeders can keep a dog like the European Shepherd. Focus on the owner, unpretentiousness and a high degree of trainability contribute to the creation of a real owner-dog tandem.

European Shepherd puppies

You should approach the issue of choosing a puppy very responsibly if you plan to participate in exhibitions and breed the breed in the future. It is first recommended to study information on nurseries, individual breeders, and visit several exhibitions where you can see what requirements apply to a breed such as the European Shepherd. Photos in magazines, which are sometimes used to choose the parents of their future dog, do not provide any guarantee of getting good offspring. If it is not possible to see them live, then it is worth looking at at least the older brothers and sisters from previous litters.

From the first days, the puppy becomes a very devoted member of the family, becoming attached to the owner and happily communicating with children. He requires a lot of attention. You must first adhere to the diet that was in the breeder’s house where the dog was purchased. This will help avoid stomach upset. It is imperative to ensure that the puppy receives all the necessary vitamins and, in combination with active exercises and walks on the fresh air this will allow him to remain healthy and cheerful.

Diseases

This breed is characterized by good health, therefore special problems not observed here. To prevent bites blood-sucking insects, which are very often carriers of some kind of infection, it is necessary to treat them with special preparations for dogs and regularly be examined by a veterinarian.

The European Shepherd is a working dog with a great need for exercise. This breed should not be owned by very busy people who do not have enough free time for walks and activities.

The German Shepherd has left its mark in the creation of many modern breeds. But no one imagined that her heirs would fit so well into our harsh conditions.

The Krasnaya Zvezda nursery, created in 1924, gave a start to life to more than one breed. The East European Shepherd became not just one of them, it turned into one of the symbols of service dog breeding, maintaining its position to this day. The service orientation of the nursery largely predetermined the priority of working qualities and psychological balance over other qualities. This breed is still in demand in law enforcement agencies. Orientals differ in appearance from their ancestors, but their strength lies not only in the size and strength of their jaws. The main advantage is character, inner spirit, if you like. There is no other way to say about this serious dog.

Photo of East European Shepherd

Intelligence and character of the East European Shepherd

She was always trusted with the most valuable thing a person could have: the protection of important objects, law and order, state border. Thanks to its progenitor - the German Shepherd, one of the ten most smart dogs planets, the easterners initially had high chances for success. And any doubts regarding the issue of working qualities, the range of their application were dispelled professional work dog handlers of "Red Star". Even at the dawn of the formation of the new breed, both cowardice and uncontrollable aggressiveness were recognized as disqualifying characteristics.

Due to its youth, the breed has not received recognition from the International Canine Federation. This does not make it possible to comply with all the formalities and take the Orientals their rightful place among the recognized breeds. But, their long service in various structures did this instead of the IFF. In 2002, the Russian Canine Service officially recognized East European Shepherds, and breed standards were established.

An untrained eye may confuse an Oriental with a German Shepherd

By their nature, Eastern Shepherds are balanced; among them there are fewer choleric people than among German Shepherds. They have a later date compared to them psychological formation, closer to three years of age. Easterners require more consistent and persistent education than their closest relatives. If all conditions are met, taking into account the mandatory completion of OKD and ZKS courses, then the owner receives a strong, stress-resistant, well-controlled dog. She finds well common language with other family members, pets living under the same roof with her.

Distrust and wariness towards strangers are in the blood of representatives of this breed. Unlike their German relatives, Easterners were originally created to work in various harsh conditions. The typical working environment of Germans is urban.

Breed standard and main characteristics

Males of this breed reach up to 66 - 76 cm at the withers; for females, a height of 62 - 72 cm is considered normal. This is on average 6 - 8 cm less than that of German shepherds.

The dog handlers of the Krasnaya Zvezda kennel initially created a dog that would have excellent protective and guard qualities. The dog's weight reaches 45 to 60 kg, which gives an advantage over its German counterpart from 5 to 15 kg. This difference gives the Easterners a tangible advantage in the fight against the offender and his successful detention. When training with dogs of this breed, it is advisable not to use light types of training sleeves.

Resistance to dysplasia hip joint due to a less pronounced body fit. This gives an advantage over the Germans in working at long distances and makes them more durable, although it somewhat reduces agility and mobility.

The head of the Orientals is proportional to the body, and has a noticeable transition from the muzzle to the forehead. The nose has a large black lobe. Eyes average size, set askew. The ears are of medium size, stand up by 6 months from birth, and have the shape of an isosceles triangle. The neck is of moderate length, muscular, set at an angle of 45 degrees. The teeth have a scissor bite, where the incisors are located in one line. The number of teeth is 42, all large in size. Any deviation from a scissor bite is a breed disqualifier.

East European Shepherd black color

Shepherd dogs have a thick coat with a thick undercoat, which allows them to feel great Central Asia to the Far East and Kamchatka. She's not afraid sharp changes temperatures during the day. In the spring, during shedding, you need to brush your pet at least twice a week. The predominant color is saddleback; black shepherds are less common.

Training and education

The German Shepherd is often held up as the standard for handling a service dog. But, it turned out to be not so in demand in the Soviet Union, where it was enough for only one owner to be perceived flawlessly. Yes, character development takes longer, but the payoff is also higher. The conditions in which the breed was formed were more complex in terms of climate and the seriousness of the tasks facing it. Initially, she had to successfully work to detain the offender, including doing it independently, without the support of an instructor.

The size of the dog predetermined sufficient physical strength, not only to hold the leash. Young dogs begin to show character and leadership qualities as they approach the age of one year, when their active growth is almost complete. A dog weighing more than 50 kg, with high intelligence and a developing psyche is a serious animal. In order for the owner to be accepted unquestioningly, the makings of a leader and stable knowledge about raising dogs are needed. It is better not to get this breed for beginners, or, in mandatory, take OKD (or IPO-1) courses. An experienced instructor will tell you how to behave in different situations, what to pay attention to will help place the dog owner in the role of undisputed leader.

An experienced trainer is required for the East European Shepherd

Care and maintenance of the East European Shepherd

The recommended type of housing is an aviary. A private property with an internal perimeter is well suited for these dogs. They were specially created for service in the harsh conditions of the vast Soviet state from the Kazakh steppes to the Magadan taiga. Washing is carried out 1-2 times a month, and also as needed. During the shedding period, you need to comb out the loose undercoat 2 times a week.

Feeding is carried out both with dry food and prepared in the kitchen. The diet is based on cereals, vegetables, meat, offal, and dairy products for puppies. Priority should be given home feeding, or the service kitchen.

German Shepherds are more prone to living in apartments. Their smaller size, the focus of training courses on use in urban conditions, and the official recognition of the breed have made these dogs hostage to urban apartment living. They feel good in an enclosure, but they cannot compare in this ability with eastern birds, especially in most climate zones of our country.

This once again confirms that in the Soviet Union it was possible to create a new breed in the shortest possible time, as in the plan physical qualities, and by its nature.

Choosing an East European Shepherd puppy

The criteria are the same as when choosing Germans. The lack of constant activity should not be considered a disadvantage. Easterners differ in character from birth. But, if, upon attracting attention, the puppy stood up and headed towards you, then don’t think twice - he has already made his choice. All that remains is for the owner to make a decision. For protection purposes, use the first born puppies. They are larger than their brothers and sisters, which, with proper care and feeding, will persist into adulthood.

Due to the lack of official recognition, Easterners do not have the opportunity to express themselves at international competitions. If on the territory of the former Soviet republics they have established themselves as a strong, balanced breed, with high abilities to training, it is little known outside of them.

East European Shepherd puppy

The unbridled fashion for German shepherds that began in the 90s led to the fact that they began to disappear from exhibitions and from among competition participants. It was possible to preserve its best representatives only in departmental and some private nurseries. Therefore, you need to turn special attention on the parents of your future ward, be sure to ask “where he is from” and ask to present documents of Russian standard. This will save you from disappointment in the future.

How to dispel doubts when choosing between a German or East European Shepherd

It's easy to choose a German. It has many advantages:

• Compactness for apartment living;
• Recognition of the breed by the FCI, which opens the doors to many exhibitions and competitions;
• The German Shepherd is a wonderful and active companion;
• Excellently trainable.

• Easily tolerates heat and cold;
• Less susceptible to a number of diseases inherent in Germans (for example, colds, hip dysplasia);
• Due to its greater balance, it is resistant to various stressful situations, which makes it more suitable for service;
• Able to successfully resist a serious intruder due to her physical capabilities and character.

Fashion for a certain breed and the possibility of recognition in the show ring plays big role. But, do not forget that the same German Shepherd was bred as a dog with high working qualities. And it is in relation to its representatives that large number questions. Still, Max von Stefanitz wanted a slightly different fate for his pets. He always focused on maintaining performance rather than on appearance. Perhaps during the 90s, the East European Shepherd was able to preserve them better, even taking into account the decrease in the number and the lack of official recognition. And in terms of its adaptability to the conditions of service in our country, it has no equal among service dogs.

In the first photo there is a dog named Taif White Feng. Owner Natalya Polishchuk, Kyiv, Ukraine

Brief characteristics of the East European Shepherd breed

• Other possible names dogs: VEO, East European Shepherd.
• Adult dog height: 63-75 cm.
• Weight: 32-58 kg.
• Characteristic color: black-backed, gray, red, with a darkened “mask” on the muzzle.
• Wool length: medium length, straight and rigid.
• Lifespan: 12 years old.
• Advantages of the breed: brave, strong dog, a good defender. Gets along easily with other animals.
• Difficulties of the breed: Once a dog begins to show aggression, it is almost impossible to correct it.
• What is the price: the price for an East European Shepherd is about $250.

History of the origin of the East European Shepherd

This breed appeared not so long ago - only in the thirties of the 20th century, on the territory of Russia. Initially, the breed was bred as universal service dogs that would be able to serve in a variety of weather and climatic conditions.

The progenitors of this breed are . As a result of long-term selection and competent mixing with other breeds, the East European Shepherd appeared. The breed standard was formed by the seventies. By now, these dogs have already gained well-deserved popularity due to their many advantages.

East European Shepherds have proven themselves well as service dogs. They were specially bred for police and military service. Many years of selection work have led to the appearance of a brave, devoted dog, which is still used to this day for guard duty.

In addition, representatives of this breed can be wonderful companions and even rescuers. They are full of inner confidence and dignity, thanks to which they become not only excellent bodyguards, but also full members of the family.

The main feature of this dog is owner-oriented. At any moment she is ready to give her life for him. She does not trust those around her, but, thanks to her strong nerves and balanced psyche, she treats them calmly and does not show aggression unless necessary. When dangerous situation the dog instantly takes an active defensive position.

The breed is easy to train and demonstrates obedience and willingness to obey its owner. She rarely shows independence. The dog is friendly towards other pets, especially if they grew up together.

East European Shepherds have good character– they are devoted friends of humans, love children and are ready to play with them at any time. These dogs will never hurt a child, even someone else's. The only condition for the formation of all these positive qualities is proper upbringing from puppyhood.

Video review of the East European Shepherd breed

This video talks about the history of the origin of East European Shepherds, their character, advantages and disadvantages. The story reveals the basics of raising a dog of this breed, proper care and maintenance. Any dog ​​breeder will benefit from the information presented in this video review.

According to breeders and veterinarians, you can adopt a puppy of this breed no earlier than 1.5 months of age. By this time, the puppies are no longer so dependent on their mother and can easily become attached to their new owner.

According to the rules, dogs undergo certification for up to 45 days - inspection for the presence of various defects and disqualifying signs. It is allowed to purchase an older puppy, but if he is already 5 months old, it will be quite difficult to accustom him to new habits.

When choosing an East European Shepherd puppy before buying, you should pay attention not only to the presence of all necessary documents, but also on breed standards:

• Head. It should be proportional to the body, massive, wedge-shaped, with slightly rounded cheekbones. The skull is flat, with a small longitudinal groove. The forehead is somewhat rounded when viewed from above and from the front.
• Muzzle. It is wedge-shaped and gradually tapers towards the nose. The length of the muzzle should be equal to or slightly less than ½ the length of the head.
• Lips. Close tightly together, dry, dark in color.
• Teeth. Large size and scissor bite. The incisors are located at the same level.
• Eyes. Dark in color, oval in shape, dry, eyelids tightly touching.
• Ears. Erect, medium length, set high. The shape of the ears is pointed, the tips are pushed up and forward.
• Back. Wide, strong, slightly convex. The withers are well defined, the croup is rounded, wide, with a slight slope towards the beginning of the tail.
• Breast. Oval, medium width.
• Front paws parallel, straight. The hind legs are set slightly back. The paw shape is oval.
• Dog movements well balanced, free. When a shepherd trots, the croup and withers are in line.

Nicknames for the East European Shepherd

Puppies of the same litter of this breed are usually named by the same letter. The nickname is chosen so that it emphasizes the characteristics of the dog. This is a very serious dog and its nickname should be appropriate. Such nicknames as: Arwen, Agat, Palmyra, Tokay, Buran, Versailles, Vyuga are well suited.

For males you should choose a nickname that is not very long, but sonorous, for example: Kim, Asgard, Ruslan, Zeus, Boy, Pirate, Prime.

Females East European Shepherds are much more cunning and smarter than males. Such nicknames are suitable for them: Grace, Agatha, Jasper, Valda, Cora, Montana, Aurelia, Marcy, Tara.

Nicknames can be geographical or fantasy in nature: Tasmania, Narnia, Astana, Tauriel. It is very important that The nickname was liked by all family members and the dog itself.

East European Shepherds not picky about living conditions. They are able to live in enclosures, in a private house, and in an apartment. The only condition is that the dog must have its own place. It is recommended to place bedding that is soft and easy to clean. If you plan to keep your dog outside, you need to build him a kennel with insulation.

Food and water should be given in different bowls, and it is advisable to install the bowls on special stands - this will protect the dog from disturbing the exterior.

You need to spend a lot of time on your shepherd’s hygiene: brushing his teeth, giving him special rubber bones to chew on, if necessary. It is recommended to wash your dog no more than once every six months. In the warm months, it is advisable to take your dog to rivers or lakes, where he can swim and frolic to his heart's content.

What to feed your East European Shepherd

To keep the dog strong and healthy, her diet should be balanced, corresponding to activity and . The basis of nutrition should be food of animal origin: chicken, duck, beef meat and cartilage, low-fat sea fish, eggs, milk. Food should be given only fresh and always raw.

In the diet of puppies must be present fermented milk products and calcined cottage cheese, as well as cereals, vegetables, herbs and vitamin supplements.

Feeding frequency depends on the age of the dog: up to 2 months – 6 times a day; 2-4 months – 5 times; 4-6 months – 4 times; 6-9 months – 3 times; 10 months and older – 2 times.

It is recommended to feed your dog strictly at the same time. The food should be served warm and thick in consistency. Immediately after eating, you cannot take your dog for walks; he needs to rest for about 2 hours. Access to water the pet must have a permanent one.

Dogs of this breed require, and to deal with it recommended to a professional. East European Shepherds are a very serious breed and need to be raised correctly from a very early age.

In this case, it is necessary to comply with certain rules:

• the puppy should not be allowed to do anything that was not allowed before;
• It is not recommended to scold a dog; you need to talk to it strictly, but without unnecessary emotions;
• if the dog is stubborn, you need to repeat your demands to it again and again - over time, it will understand what the owner wants and that he must obey him;
• We must not forget about rewarding the dog after correct execution commands

If the dog trained to protect the owner, before going for a walk, you must put a muzzle on her and walk with her on a leash. Any careless movement by people around you can be perceived as a threat and provoke an aggressive reaction.

Pros and cons of the East European Shepherd breed

Advantages. Dogs of this breed are loyal protectors and best friends. They are easy to train, get along well with other animals, and love children. For decades, the qualities cultivated in them make East European Shepherds excellent bodyguards and devoted “servants.”

To the disadvantages The only thing that can be attributed to these dogs is that if they are not raised correctly, they will often show their character, listen poorly, and sometimes show aggression. In addition, the standards of this breed are extremely strict and improper care can spoil the dog’s appearance.

She has gained sincere honor and respect from millions of people. The animal is naturally hardy and easily adapts to any conditions. It can live in small “Khrushchev” buildings and in spacious areas intended for keeping animals, in the courtyards of country houses. But don’t forget: this is a working dog that requires long walks and significant physical activity. The strong-willed, balanced, stately shepherd dog has a very interesting “biography”. Many are sincerely curious about the peculiarities of breeding, raising, and caring for these extraordinary animals. In general, there is something to understand.

In the service of man

You may hear that the East European Shepherd is a type of German Shepherd “in the Russian way.” The breed was formed in the USSR as follows. At the end of World War II, those returning from Germany to Soviet Union The winners brought in quite a few trophy large dogs - German Shepherds and their lesser-known relatives. From the late forties of the 20th century, on the basis of the motley four-legged guard, they began to breed animals capable of accompanying military personnel during patrols, serving at security checkpoints (roadblocks), and guarding temporary detention centers for persons under investigation.

Need for countless numbers guard and escort dogs were dictated by the need to unswervingly defend the gains of socialism and strictly control the machinations of external and internal enemies. Selection was aimed at obtaining large, massive individuals. In the course of a painstaking selection of the best representatives, they received such a now widely known breed as the East European Shepherd.

Tall, with a wide body and strong bones, the dog was at home both in the NKVD units and in the Armed Forces (it is impossible to imagine, for example, the border troops without it). In the internal affairs bodies, where every day is associated with patrolling, escorting, searching for criminals, and protecting the territory, she can be said to have become an indispensable employee. VEO is also useful in peaceful life: sensitive, responsive, well-mannered guides are the “eyes” of the visually impaired.

Practical and cute

There is an opinion that modern Fashion for Dogs dictates its own canons. Citizens knowledgeable in cynology today increasingly want to have a pet from among the descendants of “herd” dogs (German shepherd). They are smaller. People who are far from cynology often wonder: what do East European and German shepherds look like in comparison? What is the difference between these breeds? It’s easy to get confused: there are even canine atlases that indicate that they are one breed.

But is this true? VEOs are larger, their back line is not so inclined. As a result, the movements of the animals are not similar: the trot, like crouching “German women”, is smooth; The forward movement of the “Easterns” is sweeping. The latter win when running for a long time and when you need to cover the distance quickly. During the “tedious” path along the trail, the “foreigner” works better.

What about temperament? In this, too, the Eastern European and German Shepherd are different. What is the difference, once comparing the dogs, everyone will understand: the “Eastern” is balanced, thoughtful, the “Western” is choleric, fidgety, sociable. There is an opinion that in the USSR, with its harsh morals, they deliberately “cut off” the dog’s unnecessary “freedom of morals”, selecting the most serious representatives. Russian border guards and other military personnel prefer to have an East European Shepherd dog next to them in military work. During exhibitions and sporting competitions, the easier-to-train “Germans” often shine (another difference is that they mature earlier than VEOs).

For help to the people

If you delve into the distant past, you can find evidence that Russia became acquainted with German shepherds back in one thousand nine hundred and four. Along with people, dumb “orderlies” saved the wounded when it thundered Russo-Japanese War. Since 1907, they mastered service in police stations. In 1924, dogs from the German side filled the enclosures of the Central School of Dog Breeding of the OGPU, the School of Sniffer Dogs of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID) and the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (NKVD).

Pedigree breeding in certain circles was not a problem, so along with representatives of the best factory lines (large individuals, proportional heads, good build), there were unremarkable, but strong and reliable “workhorses”. From the first days, the attempt to breed German Shepherds was accompanied by a number of problems: insufficient cash injections, scant knowledge of the breed, almost complete absence specialists who would be thoroughly aware this breed dogs.

However, the East European Shepherd could not help but appear; no difficulties could interfere with the breeding plans. To get things moving, they appealed to the masses. In the USSR, in order to involve the people in solving pressing issues of defense, army, navy, etc., there was the OSOAVIAKHIM school. In 1927, the doors of the section were opened there, where dog breeders involved in the business were invited en masse. amateur basis. They were asked to provide all possible assistance in increasing the number of trained dogs with good heredity.

East European Shepherd like your own national breed was still just a dream. In the meantime, caring citizens looked after the “German” pets and raised their puppies: each “growing up” one was included in the sectional mating plan. However, the quality of the resulting livestock left much to be desired. There were no rules for selecting manufacturers. This sharply reduced the efficiency of breeding work.

Father Edu, mother Bine, son Abrek

Not only did a sea of ​​random and trophy dogs take part in the breeding, the quality of whose origin was simply impossible to trace, but the USSR Service Dog Breeding Federation also had a hand. Decrees were issued reducing “breeding requirements.” As a result of this “overlay,” defects in appearance, color, and characteristics of the nervous system were transmitted.

State nurseries helped volunteers as best they could by providing breeders for mating. In order to increase the number of amateur dog breeders, we have developed a system of exhibitions. But the main purpose of the regular introduction of four-legged animals into the world was to select the most thoroughbred representatives of the future “servicemen”. At the same time, they analyzed which manufacturers are better, where the combinational successes and failures lie.

The first Moscow exhibition was the one that delighted participants and spectators in 1925. A sensation was caused by the male Bodo von Teufelsfinkel, exported from Germany, 70 cm tall at the withers. A German specialist of the highest class, V. Katzmair, noted that the elite dog is the best of all producers. To obtain offspring, a number of excellent males with exquisite “baronial” nicknames were selected. The first Soviet line of shepherd dogs was headed by a male with a more down-to-earth name - Abrek - the son of Edu von Geisengoff and his partner Bine von Brigoff. In other variations, none of them succeeded in producing special puppies.

Fog and Kare

Abrek had an expressive look: middle part the back is black (black-and-white color), regular, slightly weighted build, the head in the skull is slightly wider than necessary. There was something to work on: the East European Shepherd, whose ears are an important feature of the breed, had erect hearing organs directed to the sides. They are called suspended, they have weak cartilage. There were also folds under the larynx (“raw” neck). The height of the newcomer to Edu was 69 cm. Representing the most successful example of selection, the handsome man “grabbed” a 1st degree Diploma at the All-Union Agricultural Exhibition (VSKhV). His person was included in the special list (VRKSS) at number one. Large, dry, easy to train, the Abrek is the ancestor of many excellent dogs. It was widely used for propagation. Selection continued: it was necessary to increase the performance of dogs.

Ingul (grandson of the couple Devete von Furstensteg + Dux von Herzoghem) and Degai (their great-grandson) appeared. The appearance and build (the totality of exterior qualities) of the males are close to the norms of such a widely known breed today as the East European Shepherd. The standard seems to have been found. True, Ingul was diagnosed with a defect - undescended testicle into the scrotum, and cryptorchidism has been included in the list of defects that lead to disqualification since 1964.

Males with genetic abnormality, like Ingul's, were still used for mating until 1968. For a long time they turned a blind eye to the fact that some individuals have a defect in the dental system. Until 1974, complete liberalism reigned in color. There were all kinds of colors: straw (fawn), white, reminiscent of brindle... Plus, they unjustifiably raised the height bar, making 72 cm at the withers the standard.

After the Great Patriotic War, political motives were strong. They even affected the breed in which the word “German” sounded. The “Iron Curtain” made it almost impossible to leave such a name (“German Shepherd” was the popular name for all evil and nasty people back then). For a very long time, the phrase was almost synonymous with fascism and evoked negative memories of the horrors fiery years. Public opinion was categorically against the “German evil spirits.”

Well-deserved success

When the breed was renamed Eastern European and made into an independent breed, the situation became completely confused: they did not find their own standards, they had already abandoned the world ones. But the process has begun. First, a subtype of the German Shepherd appeared in our country. It later became a separate breed (officially named VEO in 1951).

Another Soviet line is considered to be the one that starts from a dog named Edi von Blumenduft. A little over eighty years ago (in 1935-1936) we received offspring from him and the daughters of the first Abrek. This offspring became the main, basic one. Son Fog had a classic color (black and tan) without shades, silver or brown spots. His descendant Kare was recognized as an All-Union member in 1940, and in the first post-war year- Moscow leader. Even during the years of the fight against fascism in the occupied areas, dogs were destroyed. The nursery of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture of the USSR, where the selection import was located, was empty. After the Victory canine centers in Russia (Leningrad), in Ukraine (Kyiv), in Belarus (Minsk) and other cities they started from scratch. The East European Shepherd has experienced a rebirth.

They worked in an integrated manner for almost half a century. The titanic work was crowned with success: a new East European type of shepherd dog was killed, noticeably different from the Western European one. The dogs looked large, well-built, strong, and muscular. They were distinguished by their harmonious build, dryness and muscularity. The first standard, which described the breed type in detail, was adopted in 1964, then it was changed more than once, supplemented, and divided into lines.

As for the coat, many are sure: long-haired East European Shepherds are nonsense, this does not happen. Indeed, the description of the axial hair indicates that it is straight and hard, reaches medium length, tightly lying, with a well-developed felt-like undercoat. The front limbs, ears, and head are covered with an even shorter “fur coat.” You can read as many descriptions of lines as you like - nowhere is such a feature officially recognized as “fleece from which you can weave braids.”

Well-fed and well-mannered

And although long-haired East European Shepherds do exist, adherents of strict criteria are convinced that this is a deviation from accepted standards (classified as a defect). The result of the uncontrolled actions of some modern breeders-“inventors”. German Shepherds with “increased shaggyness” are from the same opera. Animals of the 1920s (“old type”) were only semi-longhaired.

A high level of intelligence, especially in animals, is always captivating. This is precisely the quality that distinguishes the smart and beautiful East European Shepherd. Training this dog is a difficult, but rewarding task. Looking at how zealously the four-legged animals carry out the trainer’s orders, we can conclude: they like this activity. Ideal performers, in the name of friendship with the owner, who is considered the unconditional leader, are ready to give themselves without reserve.

Therefore, when listing the features of developing behavioral skills, the first point mentioned is the friendly, trusting, sincere relationship between the puppy and the owner. In addition, the big-eared teenager must understand what is required of him, then he will complete the task without flaw. And finally, you need to alternate between “task” and affection, but make sure that severity does not border on cruelty (after all, the owner wants to raise a proud daredevil, not a coward or an aggressor).

There is no doubt: many people have a smart and kind East European Shepherd in their home. And the children love her, because due to her “protective” nature, she reminds them of a parent, an older brother. But you shouldn’t delude yourself. The animal is not ready to tolerate any extravagances of the children and is capable of fending off impudence. Teach your child from a young age to treat a pet living in the family with respect. Then you will be able to avoid many problems that cannot be called comic. Subject to the rules of treatment, VEOs are sincere: they carefully “herd” little people, calm them down if they cry, and make friends with the owner’s grown-up cubs.

Where-where?

They say that the East European Shepherd Dog feels great both in Kamchatka and Kazakhstan. In Karaganda, one of regional centers In the Kazakh Republic, traditionally there are many nurseries. A catalog has been compiled that contains not only the names, but also telephone numbers for communication, and the characteristics of the dogs available. The list of achievements is a kind of quality license. Read the data carefully, check how far from the city this or that place of breeding and cultivation is located (if this is important to you).

The first signs to tell if you're about to make a good choice are easy to remember. If the owner has been at the market for a long time, cordially invites you to visit his property to get to know the animals in person, and is not “embarrassed” to present a license, then most likely you are dealing with a reliable partner. Noteworthy: a consistently large number of puppies is not the best signal. As a rule, the number of individuals varies.

Ask how many champions the breeder has raised and how he cares about the health of his charges. All these little things are very important. All animals must be well-groomed and vaccinated, and most importantly, the East European Shepherd. There are many owners in Karaganda who can be called trusted. They won't give you a "mixture of a bulldog with a rhinoceros", they will give you good advice dog care. They say that beginners can register in a single list of breeders. Specialty exhibitions are held in Kazakhstan. This is not a show, but a zootechnical event. Judging is the strictest. It's difficult to win. But successful participation increases the animal’s prestige by several points.

There is a choice

There are other regions where East European Shepherd puppies are raised in nurseries. In Blagoveshchensk, among private advertisements you can see the offer: “I’ll give it to good hands" True, we are talking about crossbred specimens. But if anyone needs a good security guard, you can take it with confidence. Most ads are from detailed description pedigree and appearance of four-legged babies. Many of the puppies sold came from parents from Moscow and other well-known nurseries.

In the south of Russia there are also many kennels where East European Shepherd dogs are bred. There are breeders in Sochi; you can buy pretty decent VEO puppies, even from champions with an elite pedigree. But more often there are advertisements for the sale of German and Caucasian shepherds. The Sochi Kennel Club holds mixed exhibitions.

Despite the breed's formidable past, there are people who doubt: is the East European Shepherd dog suitable as a watchdog? To protect the territory, some people want to adopt a meaner dog with an independent character. But VEO fans are sure: no one can handle the matter better than the calm, vigilant “East”. She acts thoughtfully, which is especially impressive. There is no need to wait for outbreaks of “automatic” aggression, which is present in the character of some other breeds.

A bit of poetry. Exists catchphrase, which happens to sound from the lips of those who have had to deal with human ingratitude, cunning, and adventurism. Recognizing their surroundings from the bad side, someone once again sighs: “Dogs better than people“They don’t betray.” But these are all emotions. When choosing a nickname for a thoroughbred friend, they are guided not by them, but by specific rules. Although there is no consensus on the classification of breeds, it is impossible to call purebreds simply according to the dictates of the heart.

What can you think of, buddy?

The approach to choosing a nickname for an East European Shepherd is as follows: one litter - one letter at the beginning of the newborn's nicknames ( full name made up of letters or syllables borrowed from “F.I.O.” ancestors). Consonance with the obligatory factory prefix is ​​required (how people's first and last names are combined). But the essence is not only in the letter. It is recommended to stay on topic. If “natural phenomena” are chosen, Blizzard, Buran are suitable, if the geography is Venice, Palmyra, etc. For boys it is better to choose short and sonorous nicknames, and for girls - magical, musical nicknames. They say this is a special breed of dog. The East European Shepherd even understands the nickname it is called at home. At shows, a clear, “on point” name is a sign that the owner correctly understands the “policy of the canine party and the government.”

In Moscow Lyubertsy there is a public club for animal lovers “Maximus”. The East European Shepherd is a constant participant in the traditional Charity Exhibition “My Shepherd”. German and Central Asian breeds, represented by various cynological federations, take part in the event. The collection goes to help and support dogs in trouble. During the exhibition, animals left without owners often find another family. The breeding prefix “Maximus” contains the passport data of many eminent VEOs, who confidently won not only all-Russian, but also international competitions.

You can purposefully purchase and simply accept puppies and adults as gifts in St. Petersburg. The East European Shepherd is given to good hands by those who leave the country or move (there are many reasons). As mentioned above, most of these are mestizos or old, sick animals. But those who decide and take them into their home love four-legged friends with a difficult fate no less than prosperous purebreds, receiving in return boundless devotion.

East European Shepherds (VEO) are powerful, strong, hardy dogs. Unpretentious in care. Good protectors and friends for all family members. Main characteristics East European Shepherd breed - boundless devotion to the owner.

Before purchasing a VEO puppy, you need to evaluate the amount of free time for exercising with the dog. Lack of regular exercise causes your puppy to develop bad habits.

Characteristics of the East European Shepherd breed

Tall, powerful dogs are familiar to many from films. Their stately appearance and excellent performance characteristics made them real heroes. Below - detailed description East European Shepherd breed.

• Weight . A female weighs 30−50 kg, a male weighs 35−60 kg.
• Height . The dimensions of an adult East European Shepherd reach 62−72 cm (females), 66−76 cm (males).
• Color. The most common are pure black and black and tan. Less common is the zonal color - red or gray.
• Lifespan. The East European Shepherd lives from ten to 13 years.
• Character . The breed is distinguished by devotion, endurance, and a balanced psyche. Character is formed by constant training - without it, the dog becomes wayward and uncontrollable.
• Intelligence. VEOs are intellectuals - they respond well to training and distinguish the training ground from the real situation. In the event of a threat, they themselves accept right decision without a command.
• Security and guard potential. The East European Shepherd dog breed is a good guard dog. They are balanced and treat strangers with distrust.

Standard

Compliance with standards is important for representatives of the breed intended for breeding and exhibitions. A pet “for the soul” may have slight deviations from the basic characteristics. The standard parameters are given in the table.

Table - Breed standard East European Shepherd

Criterion	Compliance with standard	Deviations
Head	− Wedge-shaped; − proportional to the body
Facial area	− The nose is black; − lips are black, close fitting; − 42 teeth; − cheekbones stand out moderately; − eyes oval, medium, dark brown	− Light, protruding, round eyes; − the first 2 premolars are missing; − nose partly depigmented
Ears	− Highly placed; − standing, dense; − triangular	Poorly positioned, sluggish
Neck	− Wider to the shoulders; − muscular
Frame	− Stretched format; − the height of the sacrum and withers varies slightly; − back straight, slight inclination to the croup	− The format is square or too stretched; − weak, loose muscles
Tail	− Continues the line of the croup; − saber shape	Crescent or corkscrew-shaped
Limbs	− The front legs are straight; − hind legs wider apart, moderately laid back	− Weakness of ligaments; − paw curvature
Gait	− Sweeping movements; − trot is not low	− Ambling; − imbalance of movements
Wool	- Straight, close-lying guard coat; − abundant, soft undercoat

The following signs of VEO are considered disqualifying:

• disturbed dental formula;
• distorted jaw;
• malocclusion;
• eversion and inversion of the eyelids;
• completely depigmented nose;
• drooping ears;
• short stubby tail;
• low trot;
• staggering gait;
• lack of undercoat;
• long hair;
• curliness.

Differences from the German Shepherd

The breeds are closely related and similar in appearance. The East European Shepherd differs from the German Shepherd in a number of ways. You can see them in the table.

Table - Main differences between VEO and German Shepherd

Indicator		VEO	German shepherd
Height at withers	Bitches	63−72 cm	55−60 cm
	Males	66−76 cm	60−65 cm
Weight	Bitches	30−50 kg	22−32 kg
	Males	40−60 kg	30−40 kg
Back line		The level of the withers and sacrum differs slightly	Sloping, the croup is lower
Gait		Swinging trot	Creeping lynx, squat
Purpose of the breed		− Companion; − security guard	− Watchman; − shepherd; − companion; − athlete

There is a difference in color, but it is only obvious to dog handlers. When determining the breed, you need to focus on the size, the difference in the level of the withers and rump.

Pros and cons

Owning a large dog that needs training is a responsible decision. Before buying a puppy, you need to weigh the advantages and disadvantages and evaluate the real possibility of keeping it. All the pros and cons are given in the table.

Table - Pros and cons of the breed

Origin history and interesting facts

The history of the East European Shepherd breed began with the importation of the first German Shepherds to the USSR. The dogs easily remembered commands and were obedient and balanced. The breed was used for detection and official tasks.

A decade later, dog handlers began to carry out work to improve the characteristics. They sought to adapt the “Germans” to the existing climate, preserving the original qualities. It was only in 1964 that the VEO was approved as an independent breed in the USSR. The International Canine Federation never recognized her.

VEO is perfect for home maintenance. This is not a chain dog, but a friend and companion. Distinctive Features breed - high intelligence, lack of inclination to sort things out with pets. VEOs are not jealous, they are not mischievous - they try to please the owner in everything.

Requirements for maintenance and nutrition

Care and maintenance

The main condition of maintenance is long daily walks, active games. The dog's energy must be released. These conditions are also followed when kept in an enclosure - the breed needs to run and communicate with the owner. Care comes down to the following actions.

Raising a dog for exhibition and breeding comes with inevitable costs. The puppy will need premium food and grooming products. For training you will have to use paid services professional dog handlers.

Feeding rules

The East European Shepherd should be fed according to its age and activity level. Food is given strictly after a walk, the bowl is immediately removed after feeding. The serving size is determined experimentally - the puppy is full if he eats everything and immediately moves away from the bowl.

When using ready-made feed prefer super-premium and premium brands. They are different balanced composition, contain enough protein. Cheap food is harmful digestive system dogs.

At natural feeding pay attention to a balanced diet. The content of animal products is at least 50%, the rest includes cereals, vegetables, and dairy products. Naturally fed puppies should receive calcined cottage cheese daily. Adult dogs are given vitamins in addition to their diet.

Meat is preferred low-fat varieties- beef, veal, chicken, offal. It is not recommended to feed your dog pork, lamb, sausages, or smoked meats. Porridges are made from buckwheat, rice, and oatmeal. Millet, legumes, and pearl barley are poorly absorbed by the body. Finely chopped raw or boiled vegetables and herbs are added to the porridge. Salty, hot, spicy, sweet foods are prohibited.

The frequency of feeding depends on the age of the dog. Dog handlers recommend the following diet:

• up to two months - six times;
• up to four months- five times;
• up to six months - four times;
• up to nine months- three times;
• after ten months- twice.

You should not walk your dog immediately after feeding - this can cause intestinal volvulus. Distributing food over two feedings, in the morning they give light foods - porridge, vegetables, cottage cheese, in the evening - meat.

Training issues

VEO puppies are trained from an early age. They start with socialization - visiting crowded, unfamiliar places with the dog. The goal is that the puppy must learn to calmly react to strangers, dogs, cats, and obey the owner in any environment and situation. During training, six rules are followed.

1. Moderate reps. Repeated repetition of one command tires the puppy and leads to reluctance to obey.
2. Subsequence. Teams are studied according to the principle “from simple to complex.”
3. Punishment . The use of mechanical methods of influence is unacceptable. Dissatisfaction is expressed through the intonation of the voice.
4. Encouragement. For each correctly performed action, the puppy is immediately rewarded with a treat, stroking, and an exclamation of approval.
5. Persistence. They achieve compliance with the command - develop obedience, suppress stubbornness.
6. Gestures. Any command must be accompanied by gestures. For example, with a wave of the hand, or a clap on the thigh.

Diseases and treatment

VEO live long, are distinguished by good health and endurance. According to information from canine reference books of the USSR, the breed is susceptible to only two serious diseases.

1. Gastric volvulus. The pathology is typical for all dogs with wide chest. The first sign is swelling of the peritoneum. The pathology develops quickly, and it is not always possible to save the dog.
2. Arthritis. A combined diagnosis indicating joint diseases. Develops due to age-related changes or slow processes of bone tissue regeneration.

IN recent years The list of VEO diseases has expanded. The health of the breed has deteriorated due to chaotic matings and dishonest attitudes of private breeders. Errors in breeding have led to the susceptibility of East European Shepherds to three more diseases.

1. Rickets. Manifests itself in the curvature of the limbs. Most often it is detected before two months, sometimes develops by six months of age. Reason - congenital pathology, improper feeding puppy.
2. Dysplasia. Disease of joint tissues. Common disease large breeds dogs.
3. Enteritis. Viral disease. VEOs are susceptible to infection by viruses. Before vaccination, the puppy can be walked in public areas and contact with animals is prohibited.

VEO's first estrus begins at the age of six months to one year. Mating is planned for the second heat, when the dog’s physical maturation is completely completed. Before mating, they show the bitch to the veterinarian and give anthelmintics. Pregnancy and childbirth usually proceed without complications.

TOP nicknames

For service breeds, the nickname is carefully selected. It should be easy for the dog to remember, be sonorous and correspond to the purpose of the pet. The table shows the most common nicknames of VEO.

Table - TOP nicknames

Alphabetical index	Nicknames for the East European Shepherd “boy”	Nicknames for the East European Shepherd “girl”
A	- Excitement; - Scarlet	- Atlanta; - Arta
B	- Baikal; - Buyan	- Bagheera; - Storm
IN	- Loyal; - Vortex	- Vega; - Wave
G	- Hamlet; - Proud	- Hertha; - Storm
D	- Jack; - Wild	- Dorra; - Delta
E	- Egon; - Huntsman	- Eva; - Europe
AND	- Jacques; - Fever	- Heat; - Julie
Z	- Vigilant; - St. John's wort	- Star; - Xena
AND	- Ideal; - Emerald	- Spark; - Irma
TO	- Killer; - Condor	- Cobra; - Cassie
L	- Leon; - Fierce	- Linda; - Lyme
M	- Morgan; - Milord	- Dream; - Blizzard
N	- Neptune; - Norton	- Note; - Nora
ABOUT	- Olympus; - Orion	- Orchid; - Orsa
P	- Prokhor; - Pirate	- Blizzard; - Pandora
R	- Rocky; - Rambo	- Rainbow; - Rhyme
WITH	- Saturn; - Sultan	- Sparta; - Sarbona
T	- Tyson; - Tornado	- Tessa; - Taiga
U	- Urfin; - Hurricane	- Ursula; - Umka
F	- Ford; - Pharaoh	- Fortune; - Florida
X	- Harley; - Homs	- Hilda; - Hana
C	- Cerberus; - Caesar	- Cera; - Queen
H	- Champion; - Sorcerer	- Chara; - Charlie
Sh	- Sherlock; - Shaman	- Sherry; - Charlotte
E	- Eling; - Ernest	- Ashley; - Elsa

Photo review

If you look closely at the photos of puppies and dogs of the East European Shepherd breed, you will notice differences from its predecessor - the German Shepherd. VEO are larger, harmonious, foldable. Even in photographs, their intelligent and devoted gaze stands out.

Cost and where to buy

Compared to new “fashionable” dog breeds, an East European Shepherd puppy is relatively inexpensive. The price of a purebred representative of the breed in a nursery is about 25-30 thousand rubles (data as of the beginning of 2018). Private owners have lower prices, but there is a possibility of admixture of other breeds, so it is worth contacting a nursery with a good reputation.

Choosing a puppy

To choose the right East European Shepherd puppy, you need to decide on your goals. A show dog that fully complies with all standard criteria can only be found in large nurseries with a good reputation. When choosing a puppy for a home, they are guided by appearance, behavior, health - small deviations from the standard are allowed. In both cases, pay attention to the following criteria.

• Nursery. Good nursery has documents permitting breeding activities. The conditions of keeping the dogs are assessed - cleanliness, nutrition, grooming.
• Parents. At two months of age it is impossible to assess the guarding abilities of a puppy. The chances of raising a good defender increase if the parents have undergone appropriate training and have service experience.
• Appearance . The puppy should look healthy and active in appearance. Its external characteristics, color, and compliance with the standard are assessed.
• Documents. At the time of handing over the puppy to the new owners, the first preventive vaccinations, all necessary documents have been completed.

Small puppies have soft ears. The East European Shepherd's ears stand up after a complete change of teeth - no earlier than four to five months. If parents do not have deviations in the position of their ears, there is no reason to worry.

Nurseries

Kennels of the East European Shepherd breed:

• "Veolar" in the Moscow region- http://veolar.ru/;
• "True Friend" in St. Petersburg- http://vdveo.ru/;
• "Legend of Rus'" in Cherepovets- http://legendarus2007.narod.ru/;
• "Army of Aragorn" in Krymsk- http://voysko-aragorn.wixsite.com/aragorn;
• "Northern Outpost" in St. Petersburg- http://sever-zastava.ru/.

VEO is a faithful friend, a reliable protector, an obedient pet. He will never leave his owner in trouble, nor will he harm his children. If you still have doubts about the correct choice, read the owners' reviews about the East European Shepherd.

Reviews: “Full member of the family”

I found a grown-up puppy VEO this summer. He has DTS. (I live in a 2-room apartment with my husband and 7-year-old child. I have a 2-year-old labrador and 3 cats.) The dog was exhausted and was looking for an owner. Our search for the owner was unsuccessful and we kept the dog for ourselves. I don't regret it at all. The appearance of VEO in our family benefited the Labrador - he built it. All animals are friends. There is no mischief in the apartment, the only negative is a lot of wool. The dog's qualities are amazing, the smartest creature, I'm just delighted!

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