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Blood symbol of life school presentation. Presentation "The internal environment of the body


  • Composition and functions of blood. Blood plasma.
  • Red blood cells.
  • Blood clotting.
  • Leukocytes.
  • Immunity.

Composition and functions of blood.

IN THE BODY OF AN ADULT HUMAN

THERE IS ABOUT 5 LITERS OF BLOOD

VI. BLOOD IS ONE OF THE TYPES OF SOI-

DINING TISSUE OF THE ORGANISM. OS-

THE NEW PART OF IT IS THE LIQUID

SOME INTERCELLULAR SUBSTANCE- PLAZ-

THERE ARE BLOOD CELLS IN THE PLASMA –

erythrocytes and leukocytes AND BLOOD-

PLATES – PLATELETS, KO-

WHICH ARE FORMED FROM RED CELLS

BONE MARROW. THEIR MATURATION,

ACCUMULATION AND DESTRUCTION HAPPENED

DIT IN OTHER ORGANS.


Blood functions

  • Transport function.
  • Protective function.
  • Humoral regulation of the body is carried out.

Duration

The lifespan of an erythrocyte is about four months.

Therefore human blood

constantly updated with new ones

red blood cells.


  • When blood vessels are injured, blood clots

melts, forming a clot - a thrombus,

preventing the flow of blood.

The basis of the thrombus is fibrous

fibrin, a fibrin protein formed

from protein dissolved in plasma –

fibrinogen.


LEUKOCYTES.

  • Leukocytes are

colorless blood cells. They all have kernels.

In 1 cu. mm of blood contains 6-8 thousand. leukocytes.


Immunity.

from infectious diseases.


TYPES OF IMMUNITY:

  • INNATE IMMUNITY.
  • ACQUIRED IMMUNITY.
  • NATURAL IMMUNITY.
  • ARTIFICIAL IMMUNITY.

Mechnikov Ilya Ilyich (1845-1916)

  • OUTSTANDING RUSSIAN SCIENTIST,

MADE A GREAT CONTRIBUTION TO VARIOUS

BRANCHES OF BIOLOGY. HONORABLE

MEMBER OF ST. PETERSBURG ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

NOBEL PRIZE WINNER.

IN 1883 HE uttered the famous

WE'RE SPEAKING ABOUT THE HEALING POWERS OF THE ORGANISM,

IN WHICH THE PHAGOCYTE-

THEORY OF IMMUNITY.


PASTER LOUIS (1822-1895)

  • FRENCH SCIENTIST, WORKS OF CO-

WHO LAID THE BEGINNING OF DEVELOPMENT

TIYU MICROBIOLOGY AS SELF-

FIRE SCIENCE. MEMBER SINCE 1962

PARIS ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, LAURE-

AT NOBEL PRIZE.

IN 1879, RESEARCHING MICROBES KU-

RINA CHOLERA, DISCOVERED THAT

INTRODUCTION OF WEAKENED MICROBES

CHICKENS DO NOT CAUSE THEIR DEATH AND IN

THE SAME TIME MAKES THEM PERFECT

BUT IMPERSPECTIVE TO THIS


QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION:

  • WHAT IS BLOOD.
  • NAME THE FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD.
  • TELL US ABOUT THE COMPOSITION OF BLOOD.
  • WHAT IS A THROMBUS.
  • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF ERYTHROCYTES.
  • WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF LEUKOCYTES.
  • WHAT IS IMMUNITY.
  • WHO DISCOVERED IMMUNITY.

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Mechnikov Ilya Ilyich (1845-1916) An outstanding Russian scientist who laid the foundation for many the most important areas in biology and medicine. The author of the famous phagocytic theory of immunity, for which he, the first Russian biologist, was awarded Nobel Prize. I.I. Mechnikov created the theory of inflammation as a protective reaction of the body in the fight against disease. Founded the first Russian bacteriological station. The name of I.I. Mechnikov is world famous.

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Formed elements Formed elements Cell structure Place of formation Duration. functioning Place of death Contents. in 1 mm3 of blood Functions Erythrocytes Red Blood Nucleated cells Red bone marrow 3-4 months Liver, spleen 4.5-5 million. The hemoglobin pigment forms fragile compounds with O2 and CO2 and transports them. Leukocytes White blood amoeboid cells with a nucleus. Red bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes. 3-5 days Liver, spleen, as well as places where it goes inflammatory process 6-8 thousand. Protection of the body from pathogenic microbes through phagocytosis. They produce antibodies, creating immunity. Platelets Blood platelets Red bone marrow 2-5 days Liver, spleen. 300-500 thousand. Participate in blood clotting when a blood vessel is damaged, promoting the conversion of fibrinogen protein into fibrin - a fibrous blood clot.

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Blood is an amazing liquid. Since ancient times, she has been credited with powerful strength. Ancient priests sacrificed it to their gods, people sealed their oaths with blood... Blood is special kind connective tissue, cells are located far from each other, there is a lot of intercellular substance.

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Blood functions. Nutritional Respiratory Humoral Excretory Protective Thermoregulatory Homeostatic

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Plasma. Not organic matter: Organic substances: proteins Glucose Fats Carbohydrates Hormones Breakdown products vitamins Sodium, potassium, calcium salts: water

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Erythrocyte hemoglobin Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, are clearly visible under a microscope in a drop of fresh blood. There are a lot of them, so they are clearly visible: in 1 mm3 there are 4.5 – 5.5 million red blood cells. These are small, anucleate, biconcave cells. This form significantly increases the surface of red blood cells. A special protein, hemoglobin, gives reddish color to red blood cells. Thanks to him, red blood cells perform respiratory function blood: hemoglobin easily combines with oxygen and just as easily releases it. Red blood cells also take part in the removal carbon dioxide from fabrics. Red blood cells are formed in the red bone marrow. Their lifespan is short - 100-120 days. Every day, up to 300 billion new red blood cells are formed instead of dead ones.

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Blood transfusion. Blood groups. Blood transfusions treat many diseases. Blood groups were discovered at the beginning of the twentieth century. Since that time, it has become possible to correctly select a donor - a person who gives his blood for transfusion. When receiving a blood transfusion, it is necessary that the blood type of the donor and the recipient - the person receiving part of the blood - be compatible. In 1901, the Austrian researcher K. Landsteiner investigated the problem of blood compatibility during transfusion. By mixing erythrocytes with blood serum in an experiment, he discovered that with some combinations of serum and erythrocytes an agglutination reaction (sticking together) of erythrocytes is observed, while with others - not. The process of agglutination occurs as a result of the interaction of certain proteins: antigens present in erythrocytes - agglutinogens and antibodies contained in plasma - agglutinins. Upon further study of the blood, it turned out that the main agglutinogens of erythrocytes were agglutinogens A and B, and in the blood plasma - agglutinins a and b. There are 4 blood groups.

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Leukocyte Leukocytes (white blood cells; from leuko ... and Greek kytos - container, here - cell), colorless blood cells of humans and animals. All types of leukocytes (lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils) spherical, have a nucleus and are capable of active amoeboid movement. White blood cells play important role in protecting the body from diseases - they produce antibodies and absorb bacteria. 1 micron of blood normally contains 4-9 thousand leukocytes. The number of leukocytes in human blood is subject to fluctuations: it increases towards the end of the day, when physical activity, emotional stress, eating protein foods, sudden changes in ambient temperature. There are two main groups of leukocytes - granulocytes (granular leukocytes) and agranulocytes (non-granular leukocytes). Granulocytes are divided into neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils. All granulocytes have a lobed nucleus and granular cytoplasm. Agranulocytes are divided into two main types: monocytes and lymphocytes.

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Platelet Blood platelets (thrombocytes) are small, non-nuclear formations; 1 mm3 contains up to 400,000 of them. Their lifespan is 5-7 days. They are formed in the red bone marrow. The main function is related to the process of blood clotting.

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Blood clotting. damage (Platelets are destroyed) THROMBOPLASTIN prothrombin thrombin fibrinogen fibrin thrombus + blood cells Blood coagulation is defensive reaction the body, preventing blood loss and the penetration of pathogenic organisms into the body.

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Immunity Immunity is the body’s ability to protect itself from pathogenic microbes and viruses, as well as foreign bodies and substances. It comes in several types. Natural immunity is developed as a result of illnesses or is inherited from parents to children (this immunity is called innate immunity). Artificial (acquired) immunity occurs as a result of the introduction of ready-made antibodies into the body. This occurs when a sick person is injected with blood serum from recovered people or animals. Artificial immunity can also be obtained by administering vaccines - cultures of weakened microbes. In this case, the body actively participates in the production of its own antibodies. This immunity remains for many years.

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Test 1). Nuclear-free blood cells containing hemoglobin - Leukocytes, Red blood cells, Platelets

Blood

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Blood. Blood composition. Plasma (intercellular substance). Formed elements: erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets. Formed elements of blood. Red blood cells. Leukocytes. Platelets. Blood functions: Regulation of homeostasis Transport Regulation of body temperature Protective Humoral regulation. The meaning of blood. "Breadwinner". "Regulator of activities." "Defender". "Air conditioner". "Keeper of the Foundations." An adult has 4-5 liters of blood. BLOOD COMPOSITION: Main function red blood cells and hemoglobin - transport of oxygen from the lungs to other organs. By adding oxygen, hemoglobin changes from bluish to scarlet. Immunity. Natural. - Blood.ppt

Blood lesson

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Lesson plan. Terminological warm-up “Finish the phrase” Lesson topic: Summing up. Saline solution. Platelets. Fibrinogen. Thrombus. Rh factor. Fibrin. Blood serum. Donor. Recipient. “Finish the sentence.” Option 1 When injured at the site, vessel damage accumulates and is destroyed……….. Blood plasma without fibrinogen is called………… The second blood group can be transfused to …………… The person to whom the blood is transfused is called……….. Option 2 When a blood clot forms, the soluble protein fibrinogen turns into……… In the fibrin network, blood cells get stuck and form……… In addition to the blood type, for successful transfusion, it is necessary to take into account……….. - Blood lesson.ppt

Blood grade 8

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Think! But millions of ships leave their harbors to sail again.” Basic concepts of the lesson: Plasma; Serum; Thrombus; Fibrin; Fibrinogen; Phagocytosis; Blood clotting; Hemoglobin molecule. Diagram of oxygen transfer by hemoglobin. Hb - hemoglobin hb+o2 hbo2 hbo2 hb+o2 hbco2 hb + CO2 hb + CO2 hbco2. Leukocytes. Phagocytosis is the process of absorption and digestion of microbes and other foreign substances by leukocytes. Mechnikov Ilya Ilyich 1845-1916 Quantitative composition of blood. Red blood cells; 1 cubic mm - 6000 - 8000 leukocytes; 1 cu. - Blood grade 8.ppt

Biology blood

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Blood as the internal environment of the body

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Blood as a component of the internal environment of the body. Internal environment. Internal environment of the body. Human circulatory system. Blood plasma. Red blood cells. Characteristics of blood groups. Blood transfusion. Leukocytes. Platelets. Blood clotting. - Blood as the internal environment of the body.ppt

Blood Information

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Blood. Blood movement. Movement of blood through blood vessels. Explain the drawing. Blood flow speed. We conduct training. Reception at the emergency room. Type of bleeding. What is shown in the picture. Vaccine. Heart attack. - Information about blood.ppt

Human blood

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Presentation for a biology lesson on the topic: “Immunity”, grade 8. Ways of microorganisms and viruses entering the body. Aquatic Airborne With food In contact with animals and plants. Special mechanisms that prevent the penetration of microbes. Natural immunity (innate) is developed as a result of past diseases and is inherited. Blood transfusion. 1638 - the ancient Greeks tried to save the soldiers. 1667 – a lamb blood transfusion was carried out to a sick young man. 1819 – eng. doctor J. Blundell - blood transfusion from person to person. 1832 - G. Wolf saved a woman dying after childbirth. - Human blood.ppt

Human blood

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Internal environment. 1- blood capillary 2 - tissue fluid 3 - lymphatic capillary 4 - cell. Blood: composition and meaning. Homeostasis. Carried out in the kidneys. Removal of waste products from the metabolic process - excretion. Carried out by exocrine organs - kidneys, lungs, sweat glands. Regulation of body temperature. Lowering temperature through sweating, various thermoregulatory reactions. Regulation of blood glucose levels. Mainly carried out by the liver, insulin and glucagon secreted by the pancreas. Regulation of homeostasis. Thermoregulation is another example of negative feedback. - Human blood.ppt

Blood composition

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Internal environment of the body. Lesson objectives. Blood. Tissue fluid. Lymph. Fig. 1 - Internal environment of the body. Homeostasis-. The property of living organisms to maintain the constancy of the internal environment of the body. Respiratory nutritional excretory thermoregulatory protective humoral. The meaning of blood. Blood composition. Fig. 2 - Blood composition. Plasma 60%. Shaped elements 40%. Red blood cells. Leukocytes. Thrombocytes, or blood platelets. Rice. 3 – Blood composition. Blood plasma. Inorganic substances. Organic substances. Water. Mineral salts 0.9%. Squirrels. Glucose. Vitamins. Fatty substances. Decomposition products. - Blood composition.pps

Blood pressure

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Blood pressure. Blood pressure. Blood pressure is one of the most important parameters characterizing work circulatory system. In the same way, the pressure in the large veins and in the right atrium differs slightly. Measurement procedure blood pressure. Blood pressure is the easiest to measure. - Blood pressure.ppt

Blood pressure

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Blood pressure. Blood pressure measurement. Atmospheric pressure. The division price of an aneroid barometer. Experiment. What is blood pressure? Measurement methods. Blood pressure monitoring. What affects blood pressure. Blood pressure indicators. - Blood pressure.ppt

Blood group

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"Four blood groups - four dossiers on humanity." Goal: Objectives: Theoretically substantiate a person’s belonging to four blood groups. O.E. Mandelstam. Where did that come from?! Blood map. The voice of the ancestors. Blood groups and diseases. The oldest is Group I (00). II (AO, AA) appeared later, presumably in the Middle East. The menu and living conditions have changed - that’s what happened genetic mutation. Group III (BB, VO) originated in Central Asia. IV (AB) - the youngest. It appeared only maybe one or two thousand years ago. Obviously, as a result of the sexual activity of nomads. - Blood group.ppt

Human blood groups

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Blood groups modern world. Introduction. History of the evolution of blood groups. Blood group III belongs to the “nomads”. Finally, the youngest is blood group IV. Blood type and character. One of the studies of Russian scientists: Group I. They strive to be a leader and are goal-oriented. They know how to choose the direction to move forward. They believe in themselves and are not devoid of emotion. Group II. They love harmony, calm and order. Work well with other people. III group. Easily adapts to everything, flexible, does not suffer from a lack of imagination. IV group. Blood type and food preferences. - Human blood groups.ppt

Blood donation

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Scientific directions. Donation of plasma, blood cells and bone marrow. Factors negatively affecting the state of the donor movement. Changing the structure of donor personnel. Main questions of the questionnaire (1423 questionnaires were analyzed, including 39 questions). Age composition of donors. Social composition of donors. Regularity of participation in donation. Prevalence bad habits among donors. Donors' assessment of their nutrition. Motives that prompted you to become a donor (%). Reasons preventing participation in donation. Administration's attitude towards donation. The effectiveness of donation promotion. Conclusions based on the results of a sociological survey. - Blood donation.ppt

Blood transfusion

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Blood transfusion. Story. 1628 - English doctor William Harvey makes a discovery about blood circulation in the human body. But in the next ten years, transfusions from animals to people were prohibited by law due to severe negative reactions. 1818 - James Blundell, British obstetrician, performs the first successful transfusion human blood a patient with postpartum hemorrhage. From 1825 to 1830, Blundell performed 10 transfusions, five of which helped patients. Blundell published his results and also invented the first convenient instruments for drawing and transfusing blood. - Blood transfusion.ppt

First aid for bleeding

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Types of bleeding. First aid for bleeding. Capillary For small cuts; blood slowly oozes from the wound. Venous Blood is dark cherry in color. It flows from the wound like a stream. Arterial Blood bright scarlet color. It shoots out like a fountain from the wound. First aid for capillary bleeding. Disinfect the wound. Apply a sterile bandage. First aid for venous bleeding. Disinfect the skin around the wound. Apply sterile pressure bandage. Give painkillers Take to hospital. First aid for arterial bleeding. Rules for applying a tourniquet. Fabric must be placed under the tourniquet. -

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Slide captions:

Circulatory system The internal environment of the body. Blood

Internal environment of the body Blood Tissue fluid Lymph

Maintaining a relative constancy of the composition of the internal environment of the body is called homeostasis

The meaning of blood: The relationship of all organs in the body; Movement and distribution nutrients between organs; Ensuring gas exchange between cells and environment; Removal from the body harmful products exchange; Body protection (immunity); Thermoregulation

The human body contains approximately 5-6 liters of blood

Blood Plasma 60% Formed elements Erythrocytes Leukocytes Platelets

Inorganic substances Organic substances Water Mineral salts 0.9% Proteins Glucose Vitamins Hormones Decomposition products Fatty substances Blood plasma

Functions of blood plasma: Distribution of nutrients throughout the body; Removing harmful metabolic products from the body; Participation in blood clotting (fibrinogen protein)

BLOOD PLASMA Formed elements erythrocytes leukocytes PLATELETS

In the microscope eyepiece...

Red blood cells

Formed elements of blood Formed elements Quantity in 1 mm 3 Life expectancy Structure Where they are formed Functions Red blood cells 5 million. 120 days. A biconcave disc, covered with a membrane on the outside, containing hemoglobin inside, no nucleus. Red bone marrow Transfer of oxygen and carbon dioxide

Blood in a test tube

Movement of red blood cells

Effect of the salt composition of the medium on red blood cells 2.0% 0.9% 0.2% 2.0% - hypertonic solution 0.9% - physiological solution 0.2% - hypotonic solution

Platelets

Formed elements of blood Formed elements Quantity In 1mm 3 Life expectancy Structure Where they are formed Functions Platelets 200-400 thousand. 8-10 days. Fragments of large bone marrow cells. Red bone marrow. Blood clotting.

The structure of a blood clot, fibrin threads, erythrocytes, leukocytes, serum

Blood Clotting Conditions Wound blood vessels Fibrin Fibrinogen Thromboplastin + Ca + O 2 Prothrombin Thrombin

Fibrinogen in the blood

Leukocytes

Formed elements of blood Formed elements Quantity In 1mm 3 Life expectancy Structure Where they are formed Functions Leukocytes 4-9 thousand. From several hours to 10 days. The shape is variable; they consist of a nucleus and cytoplasm. Red bone marrow. Protection.

LEUCOCYTES LYMPHOCYTES PHAGOCYTES B - cells T - cells Antibodies Special substances combine with bacteria and make them defenseless against phagocytes cause the death of bacteria and viruses Phagocytosis Immune reaction

Pinocytosis Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis is the absorption of liquid droplets by a cell. Phagocytosis – absorption of solid particles by a cell (possibly bacteria and viruses act as particles)

Mechnikov Ilya Ilyich (1845 - 1926) An outstanding biologist and pathologist. In 1983 Discovered the phenomenon of phagocytosis. In 1901 In his famous work “Immunity in infectious diseases"explained the phagocytotic theory of immunity. He created a theory of the origin of multicellular organisms and studied the problem of human aging. In 1998 Awarded the Nobel Prize.

Lymphocytes LYMPHOCYTES B - cells T - cells Antibodies cause the death of bacteria and viruses Immune reaction combines with bacteria and makes them defenseless against phagocytes Special substances

What does a drop of blood tell? Blood test is one of the most common methods Medical diagnostics. Just a few drops of blood can give you important information about the state of the body. A blood test determines the number of blood cells, hemoglobin content, the concentration of sugar and other substances, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). If there is an inflammatory process in the body, the ESR increases. ESR norm for men 2-10 mm/h, for women 2-15 mm/h. When the number of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood decreases for any reason, a person experiences long-term or short-term anemia.

Laboratory work“Examining human and frog blood under a microscope” Tasks: Examine red blood cells on a frog blood sample. Find out how they differ. Draw the frog's red blood cells in your notebook. Examine a human blood sample and find red blood cells in the field of view of the microscope. Draw these blood cells in your notebooks. Find the differences between human red blood cells and frog red blood cells. Whose blood, human or frog, will carry more oxygen per unit time? Why?

Effect of nicotine

Effect of alcohol

The internal environment of the body is formed by: A – blood, lymph, tissue fluid B – body cavity C – internal organs D – tissues that form internal organs And now - a test!

2. Liquid part blood is called: A – tissue fluid B – plasma C – lymph D – physiological solution 3. All body cells are surrounded by: A – lymph B – solution table salt C – tissue fluid D – blood

4. From tissue fluid is formed: A – lymph B – blood C – blood plasma D – saliva 5. The structure of red blood cells is associated with the function they perform: A – participation in blood clotting B – neutralization of bacteria C – oxygen transfer D – production of antibodies

6. Blood clotting occurs due to: A - narrowing of capillaries B - destruction of red blood cells C - destruction of leukocytes D - formation of fibrin 7. With anemia in the blood, the content of: A - blood plasma B - platelets C - leukocytes D - red blood cells decreases

8. Phagocytosis is the process of: A – absorption and digestion of microbes and foreign particles by leukocytes; B – blood clotting C – reproduction of leukocytes D – movement of phagocytes in tissues 9. Antigens are called: A – proteins that neutralize the harmful effects of foreign bodies and substances B – foreign substances that can cause immune reaction B – blood cells D – a special protein called the Rh factor

10. Antibodies are formed by: A – all lymphocytes B – T-lymphocytes C – phagocytes D – B-lymphocytes

Key to self-test 1 – A 6 – D 2 – B 7 – D 3 – C 8 – A 4 – A 9 – B 5 – C 10 - D

Tissue fluid is a component of the internal environment in which all cells of the body are directly located. Composition of tissue fluid: Water - 95% Mineral salts - 0.9% Proteins and other organic substances - 1.5% O 2 CO 2

Lymph Excess tissue fluid enters the veins and lymphatic vessels. IN lymphatic capillaries it changes its composition and becomes lymph. Lymph moves slowly through the lymphatic vessels and eventually enters the blood again. Lymph first passes through special formations - lymph nodes, where it is filtered and disinfected, enriched with lymphatic cells. Movement of blood and tissue fluid in the body


“The internal environment of the body. Blood" 8th grade

Target: create conditions for the formation of knowledge about the internal environment of the body; introduce students to the composition of blood and the functions of its components; continue to develop the skills to compare, draw conclusions based on comparison; draw up tables, diagrams; show the connection between the material being studied and life; show the importance of a blood test as the most important indicator of health.

Equipment: textbook (pp. 127-135), workbook, electronic supplement to the lesson “Internal environment of the body. Blood"; projector, computer, interactive whiteboard.

Lesson progress

1. Organizational moment.

2. Studying new material. (Slide No. 1)

▪ Introductory conversation.

- What is the environment?

- What environment is our body in?

- In what environment do the cells of our body exist?

- So: internal environment liquid.

▪ Let's get acquainted with the definition of the internal environment of the body. Let's remember: what is homeostasis? (Slide No. 2)

- What components does the internal environment of our body consist of? Using the textbook text and slides, students name the components of the internal environment. (Slide No. 3)

- Where are these components located?

1. Tissue fluid – between cells;

2. Lymph - in lymphatic vessels;

3. Blood – in blood vessels.

(animation on slide 2).

- Which component do you consider the most important? (students' answers).

- There is such an expression "Blood is the river of life" , how can you explain the meaning of this expression? (students' answers).

- Think about these facts:

1. A person wounded in the leg or arm dies from large loss of blood, even if all internal organs are intact and healthy.

2. Transfusion of blood from another person to a wounded person saves him from death. (Slide No. 4)

▪ During the conversation, students formulate the conclusion that blood is the most important fluid in the body.

- “Blood” and “Life” are synonymous words. Blood was animated and idolized. They swore their blood to brotherhood, friendship and love. There are such expressions as “Blood for blood”, “Blood brothers”.

▪ Watch a video of what human blood looks like under a microscope immediately after collection. (Slide No. 5)

▪ Using a video fragment, we will highlight what functions blood performs. (Slide No. 6)

▪ Students name the functions of blood, complete in their workbook task No. 1 .

▪Checking the assignment on the slide. (Slide No. 7)

▪With the help of a reference note, students once again repeat and generalize the functions of blood. (Slide No. 8)

- Who knows how much blood is in the human body? (Slide No. 9)

- Blood performs many functions, which means its structure must be complex, what does blood consist of?

▪ Study of blood composition.

-When blood settles, or centrifuges, the blood is divided into layers. (Slide No. 10)

- Name the fractions into which blood is divided.

▪ Students draw up a diagram of “Blood Composition” (task No. 2 in the workbook) , checking the task by slide number 11.

- The first component is blood plasma.

Study of the composition of blood plasma. (Slide No. 12)

▪ Study of the formed elements of blood. Watch the video fragment “Blood Elements”. (Slide No. 13)

- So, the first formed element is red blood cells, erythrocytes. (Slide number 15)

- Watch a video about how red blood cells move through blood vessels. (Slide No. 16)

- What allows red blood cells to move through blood vessels? Thanks to what property can they pass through the narrowest vessels? (student answers).

- Where are red blood cells formed? (Slide No. 17)

▪ During the conversation, students find out that the structure of red blood cells ideally matches the function they perform. (Slide No. 18)

- How do red blood cells attach oxygen to themselves?

▪ Introduction to hemoglobin. Brief information about anemia and foods rich in iron.

(Slide No. 19)

- What do we call a bruise? How is it formed? (Slide number 20)

▪Afterwards, students are given a little more time and the results of filling out the table on red blood cells are checked.

- The next formed element of blood is leukocytes . Let's watch a short video about what leukocytes look like under a microscope. (Slide No. 21)

▪ Introduction to leukocytes, their structural features and functions . (Slide No. 22)

- Who can answer the question of where leukocytes are formed in our body? Watching a video clip. (Slide No. 23)

- So, we already know that the scope of action of leukocytes is protection, let’s see how this happens. (Slide No. 24)

▪ Introduction to the phenomenon of phagocytosis and the history of its discovery . (Slide No. 25, 26).

▪ Introduction to platelets, their structural features and functions. (Slide No. 27)

- Name the main function of platelets, let's see how this happens. (Slide No. 28-29)

- Now let's try to restore correct sequence process of blood clotting using an interactive diagram (one student completes the task on interactive whiteboard, by dragging the labels, the rest help). (Slide number 30)

▪ Doing a short virtual lab " Microscopic structure blood" (Slide No. 31)

If your class has computers, all students can complete a similar lab using the website.

- How do you understand the expression “Blood is the mirror of health”? (students' answers).

The blood composition is important characteristic state of the body. Who has never had a blood test? What is a blood test? (Slide No. 32)

- Let's get acquainted with the norms of some indicators general analysis blood. (Slide No. 33)

▪ Students are then given some kind of blood test. Using normal values Some blood test indicators allow students to determine whether the patient whose blood test they examined is sick and what deviations from the norm were revealed.

- Look at the animation, what process are you observing? (students' answers) (Slide No. 35-36)

3. Lesson summary.

When conducting a lesson, it is not necessary to use all the proposed material. You can adapt it depending on conditions, time, you can use it partially.

The electronic application is demonstrated on an interactive whiteboard, which allows the teacher to concentrate students' attention while standing at the board rather than sitting at the computer. Laboratory work and simulators are also performed by students on an interactive whiteboard, which is more visual.