The most famous traitors. Heroes and traitors of the Great Patriotic War

In international law, collaborators (from the French collaboration - collaboration) are those who consciously, voluntarily and intentionally collaborate with the enemy, acting in his interests and to the detriment of their state.

Collaboration is considered to be cooperation with the occupiers, and in the criminal legislation of all countries of the world this is classified as high treason. In our country, the word “collaborator” has become widespread only recently, especially in relation to those who collaborated with the fascist occupiers during the Great Patriotic War. Much more often we simply called such people a traitor.

The Great Patriotic War gave our country many heroes, and even more innocent victims. And, unfortunately, there are many traitors.

Andrey Andreevich Vlasov (1901-1946). Soviet general, served in the army since 1919. In 1942 he was captured and agreed to cooperate with the Nazis. He headed the Russian Liberation Army (ROA) and the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia (KONR). Vlasov was proclaimed “the leader of the Russian liberation movement,” and until 1944, his name and the abbreviations of the organizations he headed were a kind of “brand” uniting diverse and disparate Russian collaborationist structures. Only in 1944 did the Nazis, apparently out of desperation, begin to form the ROA as a real military force. The ROA was no longer able to play any serious military role. On May 12, 1945, Vlasov was arrested and taken to Moscow. He was tried and sentenced to death penalty by hanging. In the USSR, the surname Vlasov itself became a household name and served for a long time a symbol of betrayal.

Bronislav Vladislavovich Kaminsky (1899-1944). Before the war, he was repressed, served his sentence in the Tyumen region, then in Shadrinsk. In 1940, he became an NKVD agent under the nickname “Ultramarine” and was involved in the “development” of exiled Trotskyists. At the beginning of 1941, Kaminsky was released and sent to settle in Lokot, Oryol (now Bryansk) region. As you know, the German command embarked on an experiment, creating a self-governing region, the full name of which is “Russian public education- Lokot district self-government." After the partisans killed the first head of Lokot self-government, Bronislav Kaminsky took his place. He formed the RONA (Russian Liberation People's Army) brigades to fight the partisans. RONA soon began to compete with the Vlasov ROA. Later, RONA was transformed into a Waffen-SS division, and Kaminsky himself became an SS brigadefuhrer. After the Germans retreated from Loktya, RONA relocated to the city of Lepel. In both Lokta and Lepel, Kaminsky and RONA fighters committed massacres. In 1944, Kaminsky was sent to suppress the Warsaw Uprising, where he demonstrated cruelty unprecedented even in the SS. In the end, for disobeying orders, looting and killing Germans living in Warsaw, he was sentenced to death by his masters and shot.

Mustafa Edige Kyrymal (1911-1980), Crimean Tatar, from the family of the Mufti of Muslims of Lithuania. In the early 30s, he fled from the USSR to Turkey, from there he moved to Germany. Here he began creating pro-Nazi structures, which were later to become the Kramsko-Tatar government under the protectorate of Germany. At the end of 1942 he arrived in occupied Crimea, in January 1943 he was recognized by the Third Reich as chairman of the Crimean Tatar national center. On March 17, 1945, Kyrymal and his national center were recognized by the German government as the sole official representative Crimean Tatars. After the war he lived in West Germany.
He escaped retribution, and was even honorably reburied in Crimea, despite the fact that the activities of people like Mustafa Edige Kyrymal caused the deportation of the Crimean Tatars in 1944.

Khasan Israilov, also known as Khasan Terloev (1919-1944).
Chechen by nationality, member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) since 1929. He was arrested in 1931 and sentenced to 10 years for anti-Soviet activities, but at the request of the newspaper where he worked, he was released three years later.
When the war began, Israilov launched an anti-Soviet uprising. The Provisional People's Revolutionary Government of Checheno-Ingushetia, created by him, openly supported Hitler. He advocated an independent North Caucasus in alliance with Germany and preached nationalist and extremely Russophobic views. He was killed by NKVD officers in 1944.
The activities of people like Israilov led to the mass deportation of the Chechen people.

Ivan Nikitich Kononov (1900-1967). Born in the village of Novonikolaevskaya, Taganrog district. In 1922 he joined the Red Army, and since 1929 he has been a member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks). For participation in Soviet-Finnish war was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In 1941, he was captured and proposed to form a military unit from USSR citizens to fight the Bolsheviks. Permission was received, and already at the beginning of 1942, a volunteer Cossack battalion under the command of Kononov took part in hostilities against partisans - first near Vyazma, Polotsk, and then near Mogilev. The battalion's fighters demonstrate rare cruelty towards the local population and partisans. The Germans retained Kononov’s rank of major, which he had received in the Red Army, and then promoted him to lieutenant colonel. In 1944, Kononov was promoted to colonel of the Wehrmacht. Awarded the Iron Crosses 1st and 2nd class, the Knight's Cross of Croatia. In 1945, Kononov was promoted to major general, his unit became part of the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia. Thanks to the fact that he ended up in the American occupation zone, Kononov managed to become the only ROA officer to escape retribution after the war. He died in an accident in 1967 in Austria.

History often records not the names of heroes, but the names of traitors and defectors. These people cause great harm to one side and benefit to the other. But all the same, they are despised by both. Naturally, one cannot do without complicated cases when a person’s guilt is difficult to prove. However, history has preserved several of the most obvious and classic cases that do not raise any doubts. Let's talk below about the most famous traitors in history.

Judas Iscariot. The name of this man has been a symbol of betrayal for about two thousand years. At the same time, the nationalities of people do not play a role. Everyone knows the biblical story when Judas Iscariot betrayed his teacher Christ for thirty pieces of silver, dooming him to torment. But then 1 slave cost twice as much! The Kiss of Judas has become a classic image of duplicity, meanness and betrayal. This man was one of the twelve apostles who were present with Jesus at his Last Supper. There were thirteen people and after that this number began to be considered unlucky. There was even a phobia, a fear of this number. The story goes that Judas was born on April 1, also a rather unusual day. But the history of the traitor is rather unclear and full of pitfalls. The fact is that Judas was the keeper of the treasury for the community of Jesus and his disciples. There was much more money there than 30 pieces of silver. Thus, in need of money, Judas could simply steal it without committing betrayal of his teacher. Not long ago, the world learned about the existence of the “Gospel of Judas,” where Iscariot is depicted as the only and faithful disciple of Christ. And the betrayal was committed precisely on the orders of Jesus, and Judas took responsibility for his action. According to legend, Iscariot committed suicide immediately after his deed. The image of this traitor is described many times in books, films, and legends. Different versions of his betrayal and motivation are considered. Today, the name of this person is given to those suspected of treason. For example, Lenin called Trotsky Judas back in 1911. He also found his “plus” in Iscariot - the fight against Christianity. Trotsky even wanted to erect monuments to Judas in several cities of the country.

Marcus Junius Brutus. Everyone knows the legendary phrase of Julius Caesar: “And you, Brutus?” This traitor is known, although not as widely known as Judas, but is also one of the legendary. Moreover, he committed his treason 77 years before the story of Iscariot. What these two traitors have in common is that they both committed suicide. Marcus Brutus was best friend Julius Caesar, according to some data this could even be his illegitimate son. However, it was he who led the conspiracy against the popular politician, taking direct part in his murder. But Caesar showered his favorite with honors and titles, endowing him with power. But Brutus' entourage forced him to participate in a conspiracy against the dictator. Mark was among several conspiratorial senators who pierced Caesar with swords. Seeing Brutus in their ranks, he exclaimed with bitterness his famous phrase, which became his last. Wanting happiness for the people and the government, Brutus made a mistake in his plans - Rome did not support him. After a series of civil wars and defeats, Mark realized that he was left without everything - without family, power, and friend. The betrayal and murder took place in 44 BC, and just two years later Brutus threw himself on his sword.

Wang Jingwei. This traitor is not so well known here, but he has a bad reputation in China. It is often unclear how ordinary and normal people suddenly they become traitors. Wang Jingwei was born in 1883, when he turned 21, he entered a Japanese university. There he met Sun-Yat Sen, the famous revolutionary from China. He influenced so much young man that he had become a real revolutionary fanatic. Together with Sen, Jingwei became a regular participant in anti-government revolutionary protests. It is not surprising that he soon went to prison. There Wang served several years, being released in 1911. All this time, Sen kept in touch with him, providing moral support and care. As a result of the revolutionary struggle, Sen and his comrades won and came to power in 1920. But in 1925, Sun-Yat died, and Jingwei replaced him as the leader of China. But soon the Japanese invaded the country. This is where Jingwei committed the real betrayal. He essentially did not fight for the independence of China, giving it over to the invaders. National interests were trampled in favor of the Japanese. As a result, when a crisis broke out in China, and the country most needed an experienced manager, Jingwei simply left it. Wang clearly joined the conquerors. However, he did not have time to feel the bitterness of defeat, since he died before the fall of Japan. But the name of Wang Jingwei found its way into all Chinese textbooks as a synonym for betrayal of his country.

Hetman Mazepa. This man in modern Russian history is considered the most important traitor, even the church anathematized him. But in modern Ukrainian history, the hetman, on the contrary, acts as a national hero. So what was his betrayal or was it still a feat? The Hetman of the Zaporozhye Army for a long time acted as one of the most loyal allies of Peter I, helping him in the Azov campaigns. However, everything changed when the Swedish king Charles XII spoke out against the Russian Tsar. He, wanting to find an ally, promised Mazepa Ukrainian independence in case of victory in the Northern War. The hetman could not resist such a tasty piece of the pie. In 1708, he went over to the side of the Swedes, but just a year later their united army was defeated near Poltava. For his treason (Mazepa swore allegiance to Peter), the Russian Empire deprived him of all awards and titles and subjected him to civil execution. Mazepa fled to Bendery, which then belonged to the Ottoman Empire, and soon died there in 1709. According to legend, his death was terrible - he was eaten by lice.

Aldrich Ames. This high-ranking CIA officer had a brilliant career. Everyone predicted a long and successful career for him, and then a well-paid pension. But his life turned upside down, thanks to love. Ames married a Russian beauty, it turned out that she was a KGB agent. The woman immediately began to demand that her husband provide her with a beautiful life in order to fully comply with the American dream. Although officers in the CIA earn good money, it was not enough to pay for the constantly required new jewelry and cars. As a result, the unfortunate Ames began to drink too much. Under the influence of alcohol, he had no choice but to start selling secrets from his work. A buyer quickly appeared for them - the USSR. As a result, during his betrayal, Ames gave the enemy of his country information about all the secret agents working in the Soviet Union. The USSR also learned about hundreds of secret military operations carried out by the Americans. For this, the officer received about 4.6 million US dollars. However, everything secret someday becomes clear. Ames was discovered and sentenced to life imprisonment. The intelligence services experienced a real shock and scandal; the traitor became their biggest failure in their entire existence. The CIA took a long time to recover from the damage that one the only person. But he just needed funds for his insatiable wife. By the way, when everything became clear, she was simply deported to South America.

Vidkun Quisling. This man's family was one of the most ancient in Norway; his father served as a Lutheran priest. Vidkun himself studied very well and chose a military career. Having risen to the rank of major, Quisling was able to enter the government of his country, holding the post of Minister of Defense there from 1931 to 1933. In 1933, Vidkun founded his own political party, National Accord, where he received a membership card number one. He began to call himself Föhrer, which was very reminiscent of the Fuhrer. In 1936, the party collected quite a lot of votes in the elections, becoming very influential in the country. When the Nazis came to Norway in 1940, Quisling invited local residents to submit to them and not resist. Although the politician himself came from an ancient, respected family, the country immediately dubbed him a traitor. The Norwegians themselves began to wage a fierce struggle against the invaders. Quisling then came up with a plan in response to remove Jews from Norway, sending them directly to the deadly Auschwitz. However, history has given the politician who betrayed his people what he deserved. On May 9, 1945, Quisling was arrested. While in prison, he still managed to declare that he was a martyr and sought to create a great country. But justice thought otherwise, and on October 24, 1945, Quisling was shot for high treason.

Prince Andrei Mikhailovich Kurbsky. This boyar was one of the most faithful companions of Ivan the Terrible. It was Kurbsky who commanded the Russian army in the Livonian War. But with the beginning of the oprichnina of the eccentric tsar, many hitherto loyal boyars fell into disgrace. Kurbsky was among them. Fearing for his fate, he abandoned his family and in 1563 ran to the service of the Polish king Sigismund. And already in September next year he came out with the conquerors against Moscow. Kurbsky knew very well how the Russian defense and army worked. Thanks to the traitor, the Poles were able to win many important battles. They set up ambushes, captured people, bypassing the outposts. Kurbsky began to be considered the first Russian dissident. The Poles consider the boyar a great man, but in Russia he is a traitor. However, we should not talk about treason to the country, but about treason personally to Tsar Ivan the Terrible.

Pavlik Morozov. This boy had a heroic image for a long time in Soviet history and culture. At the same time, he was number one among the child heroes. Pavlik Morozov was even included in the book of honor of the All-Union Pioneer Organization. But this story is not entirely clear-cut. The boy's father, Trofim, was a partisan and fought on the side of the Bolsheviks. However, after returning from the war, the serviceman left his family with four small children and began to live with another woman. Trofim was elected chairman of the village council, but at the same time led a stormy everyday life - he drank and became rowdy. It is quite possible that in the history of heroism and betrayal there are more everyday than political reasons. According to legend, Trofim’s wife accused him of hiding bread, however, they say that the abandoned and humiliated woman demanded to stop issuing fictitious certificates to fellow villagers. During the investigation, 13-year-old Pavel simply confirmed everything his mother said. As a result, the unruly Trofim went to prison, and in revenge, the young pioneer was killed in 1932 by his drunken uncle and godfather. But Soviet propaganda created domestic drama colorful propaganda story. And the hero who betrayed his father was not inspiring.

Genrikh Lyushkov. In 1937, the NKVD was rampant, including in the Far East. At that time, this punitive body was headed by Genrikh Lyushkov. However, a year later, a purge began in the “organs” themselves; many executioners themselves found themselves in the place of their victims. Lyushkov was suddenly summoned to Moscow, supposedly to appoint him as the head of all the camps in the country. But Heinrich suspected that Stalin wanted to remove him. Frightened by reprisals, Lyushkov fled to Japan. In his interview with the local newspaper Yomiuri, the former executioner said that he really recognized himself as a traitor. But only in relation to Stalin. But Lyushkov’s subsequent behavior suggests just the opposite. The general told the Japanese about the entire structure of the NKVD and the residents of the USSR, about where exactly the Soviet troops were located, where and how defensive structures and fortresses were built. Lyushkov transmitted military radio codes to the enemies, actively urging the Japanese to oppose the USSR. The traitor personally tortured the Soviet intelligence officers arrested on Japanese territory, resorting to cruel atrocities. The pinnacle of Lyushkov’s activity was his development of a plan to assassinate Stalin. The general personally set about implementing his project. Today, historians believe that this was the only serious attempt to eliminate the Soviet leader. However, she was not successful. After the defeat of Japan in 1945, Lyushkov was killed by the Japanese themselves, who did not want their secrets to fall into the hands of the USSR.

Andrey Vlasov. This Soviet lieutenant general became known as the most important Soviet traitor during the Great Patriotic War. Back in the winter of 41-42, Vlasov commanded the 20th Army, making a significant contribution to the defeat of the Nazis near Moscow. People called this general the main savior of the capital. In the summer of 1942, Vlasov took the post of deputy commander of the Volkhov Front. However, his troops were soon captured, and the general himself was captured by the Germans. Vlasov was sent to the Vinnitsa military camp for captured senior military officials. There the general agreed to serve the fascists and headed the “Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia” they created. Even the entire “Russian Liberation Army” (ROA) was created on the basis of KONR. It included captured Soviet soldiers. The general showed cowardice; according to rumors, from then on he began to drink a lot. On May 12, Vlasov was captured Soviet troops in an attempt to escape. His trial was closed, since with his words he could inspire people dissatisfied with the authorities. In August 1946, General Vlasov was stripped of his titles and awards, his property was confiscated, and he himself was hanged. At the trial, the accused admitted that he would plead guilty because he had become cowardly in captivity. Already in our time, an attempt was made to justify Vlasov. But only a small part of the charges against him were dropped, while the main ones remained in force.

Friedrich Paulus. There was also a traitor on the part of the Nazis in that war. In the winter of 1943, the German 6th Army under the command of Field Marshal Paulus capitulated at Stalingrad. His subsequent history can be considered mirror in relation to Vlasov. The German officer's captivity was quite comfortable, because he joined the anti-fascist national committee "Free Germany". He ate meat, drank beer, received food and parcels. Paulus signed an appeal “To the prisoners of war of German soldiers and officers and to the entire German people.” There, the field marshal said that he called on all of Germany to eliminate Adolf Hitler. He believes that the country must have new government leadership. It must stop the war and ensure that the people restore friendship with their current opponents. Paulus even made a revealing speech at the Nuremberg trials, which greatly surprised his former comrades. In 1953, grateful for the cooperation, the Soviet government released the traitor, especially since he was beginning to fall into depression. Paulus moved to live in the GDR, where he died in 1957. Not all Germans accepted the field marshal’s action with understanding; even his son did not accept his father’s choice, eventually shooting himself due to mental anguish.

Victor Suvorov. This defector also made a name for himself as a writer. Once upon a time, intelligence officer Vladimir Rezun was a GRU resident in Geneva. But in 1978 he fled to England, where he began writing very scandalous books. In them, an officer who took the pseudonym Suvorov argued quite convincingly that it was the USSR that was preparing to strike Germany in the summer of 1941. The Germans simply forestalled their enemy by several weeks by launching a preemptive strike. Rezun himself says that he was forced to cooperate with British intelligence. They allegedly wanted to make him extreme for failure in the work of the Geneva department. Suvorov himself claims that in his homeland he was sentenced to death in absentia for his treason. However, the Russian side prefers not to comment on this fact. The former intelligence officer lives in Bristol and continues to write books on historical topics. Each of them causes a storm of discussion and personal condemnation of Suvorov.

Victor Belenko. Few lieutenants manage to go down in history. But this military pilot was able to do it. True, at the cost of his betrayal. You could say that he acted as a kind of bad boy who just wants to steal something and sell it to his enemies at a higher price. On September 6, 1976, Belenko flew a top-secret MiG-25 interceptor. Suddenly the senior lieutenant abruptly changed course and landed in Japan. There the plane was disassembled in detail and subjected to careful study. Naturally, it could not have happened without American specialists. The plane was returned to the USSR after careful examination. And for his feat “for the glory of democracy,” Belenko himself received political asylum in the United States. However, there is another version according to which the traitor was not such. He was simply forced to land in Japan. Eyewitnesses say that the lieutenant fired a pistol into the air, not allowing anyone to approach the car and demanding that they cover it. However, the investigation took into account both the pilot’s behavior at home and his flight style. The conclusion was clear - the landing on the territory of an enemy state was deliberate. Belenko himself turned out to be crazy about life in America; he even found canned cat food tastier than what was sold in his homeland. From official statements it is difficult to assess the consequences of that escape; moral and political damage can be ignored, but material damage was estimated at 2 billion rubles. After all, in the USSR they had to quickly change all the equipment of the “friend or foe” recognition system.

Otto Kuusinen. And again the situation is when a traitor for some is a hero for others. Otto was born in 1881 and in 1904 joined the Social Democratic Party of Finland. Soon and leading it. When it became clear that there was no chance for communists in the newly independent Finland, Kuusinen fled to the USSR. There he worked for a long time in the Comintern. When the USSR attacked Finland in 1939, it was Kuusinen who became the head of the country's new puppet government. Only now his power extended to the few lands captured by Soviet troops. It soon became clear that it would not be possible to capture all of Finland and the need for the Kuusinene regime disappeared. He subsequently continued to hold prominent government positions in the USSR, dying in 1964. His ashes are buried near the Kremlin wall.

Kim Philby. This scout lived a long and eventful life. He was born in 1912 in India, in the family of a British official. In 1929, Kim entered Cambridge, where he joined the socialist society. In 1934, Philby was recruited by Soviet intelligence, which, given his views, was not difficult to accomplish. In 1940, Kim joined the British secret service SIS, soon becoming the head of one of its departments. In the 50s, it was Philby who coordinated the actions of England and the United States to fight the communists. Naturally, the USSR received all the information about the work of its agent. Since 1956, Philby has already served in MI6, until in 1963 he was illegally transported to the USSR. Here the traitorous intelligence officer lived for the next 25 years on a personal pension, sometimes giving consultations.

Traitors and traitors in the Great Patriotic War

The theme of collaboration is betrayal and cooperation of Soviet citizens with the fascist occupiers during the Great Patriotic War- is relevant, because people who betrayed the interests of their Motherland, traitors, are today exalted, monuments are erected to them, they are considered as spokesmen of protest against communism, the “Stalinist regime”, fighters for freedom and independence. All this, naturally, causes bewilderment and a strong protest from every honest person, especially veteransGreat Patriotic War.

Westerners-democrats theme of betrayal, voluntary service to the fascists in the years Great Patriotic Wardoesn't care at all. But betrayal, betrayal of the Motherland always and everywhere evokes feelings of disgust and contempt. Voluntary, even short-term, cooperation with our sworn enemy cannot be justified by anything.

Let's be honest, the collaborationist movement in the territory of the Soviet Union temporarily occupied by the Germans was quite massive. Collaborators from among the dispossessed, convicted, dissatisfied with the Soviet regime, anti-Soviet emigrants, and partly from prisoners of war of the Red Army, in the service of the fascists in the Wehrmacht, police forces, SS and SD, according to various estimates, there were from 1 to 2.5 million people.

Nazi Germany's attack on Soviet Union The white émigré part of the Russian population, officers, landowners and capitalists, who had not been killed and fled abroad, greeted them with great enthusiasm. There was a desire to take revenge for the defeat in civil war, to begin a liberation campaign against the Bolsheviks, now with the help of German bayonets.

A special, rather numerous category of traitors included natives of the Caucasus, the Baltic states, the German Volga region, as well as Russian emigrants in Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. There were many former soldiers of the White Army: Kolchakites, Wrangelites, Denikinites. All of them voluntarily joined the ranks in the service of Hitler, joining hostile military and police formations that acted against the Red Army, Soviet, French, Yugoslav partisans independently or as part of the troops of the Wehrmacht, Abwehr, SS and SD.

All this brethren turned out to be in demand by Hitler, as military force, who had experience in combat during the 1st World War and the fight against Soviet power in subsequent years.

1. The main unifying force in the campaign of Russian traitors against the Soviet Union was Russian All-Military Union (ROVS), which on September 12, 1941 in Belgrade created the Separate Russian Corps (ORC) under the command of the chief of Russian emigration in Serbia, General of the Russian Volunteer Army M.F. Skorodumova. In the corps there were volunteer traitors from the 1st Cossack Regiment, from Bessarabia, Bukovina and even from Odessa. On January 29, 1943, the personnel of the ORK were sworn in: “I swear sacredly before God that in the fight against the Bolsheviks - the enemies of my Fatherland, I will provide unconditional obedience to the Supreme Leader of Germany, Adolf Hitler, and will be ready, like a brave warrior, at all times sacrifice my life for this oath." ORK soldiers wore Wehrmacht uniforms with the "ROA" (Russian Liberation Army) sleeve insignia.. The combat path of the ORK began in early 1944 against the Yugoslav partisans of Broz Tito, and in September 1944 the corps joined the Russian Liberation Army of General Vlasov. The surviving 4.5 thousand ORK soldiers after the defeat by the Red Army capitulated to the British army and, having received the status of “displaced persons,” fled to the USA, Canada, and Australia. Today, the unfinished corps headquarters operates in the United States, has its own organ, the Union of Officials, and publishes the magazine Our News, which is also published in Moscow.

The heavy losses suffered by the Germans on the Soviet-German front forced the German leadership to involve Red Army prisoners of war in the fight against the Soviet Union. Voluntary entry into enemy formations for prisoners of war was the only opportunity to save their lives, to escape from imminent death in a concentration camp, with a view to later, at the first opportunity, in the first battle, to go over to the side of the Red Army or to the partisans.

In March 1942, in the village of Osintorf (Belarus), the formation of the Russian National People's Army (RNNA) began, which initially included prisoners of war from the ZZ-th A, the 1st Cavalry Corps and the 4th Airborne Corps of the Polar Fleet. Mortally exhausted, exhausted Red Army soldiers, after washing and fattening, were recruited into service. By August 1942, the RNNA numbered about 8 thousand people. The command of the army was offered to the commander of the 19th A Polar Fleet, Lieutenant General M.F. Lukin, who was in captivity. But he resolutely refused to cooperate with the Germans. The army was received by the former commander of the 41st SD, Colonel Boyarsky. RNNA units took part in hostilities against the 1st Caucasian Corps of P.A. Belov in May 1942.

The major defeat of the Germans at Stalingrad gave rise to unrest in parts of the RNNA. Soldiers en masse began to go over to the side of the Red Army and the partisans. And at the same time, there were traitors in the Red Army who voluntarily, without any resistance, surrendered to the Germans. These are not white emigrants or prisoners of war, these are the worst enemies of the Soviet government, which raised and educated them, gave them high positions and big military ranks. This is Vlasov and the Vlasovites - the Russian Liberation Army (ROA).

The ROA was headed by a lieutenant general, commander of the 2nd Shock Army of the Volkhov Front, who voluntarily offered his services to the Nazis on July 11, 1942 to fight their own people. A. Vlasov, in 1939 commander of the 99th SD KOVO, was awarded the Order of Lenin. With the beginning Great Patriotic Warhe is already the commander of the 4th MK, then commands the 37th A, which defends Kyiv, and the 20th A, which is fighting near Moscow. Since March 1942, commanded the 2nd Ud. And, where in the village. Tuchowiezy, Leningrad region surrendered. On August 3, he turned to the German command with a proposal to create the ROA. In September 1944, after a meeting with Reichsführer SS Himmler, Vlasov formed two divisions of the ROA: “... the tasks of the divisions can only be solved in alliance and cooperation with Germany.” The divisions entered battle against units of the Red Army on April 13, 1945 near Furstenwalde on the Oder bridgehead, and in May 1945 in Czechoslovakia they were defeated and ceased to exist. The ROA command was caught and arrested on May 11, 1945. On August 1, 1946, 12 traitors and traitors led by Vlasov were hanged. Despite the petition of the Commission for the Rehabilitation of A. Yakovlev in 2001 to reconsider the case of the Vlasovites, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of Russia refused to rehabilitate the traitors to the Motherland.

Vlasov turned out to be a godsend for the Nazis, as the worst enemies of the Soviet people began to concentrate around him. Hitler did not have much confidence in Vlasov and the ROA, as in all Soviet people, believing, not without reason, that under certain circumstances, at the first opportunity, they would break their promises and go over to the side of the Red Army. And it’s true, there were a lot of such cases.

The betrayal of Vlasov and the Vlasovites exposed all the meanness, vanity, careerism, selfishness and cowardice of a small number of military personnel - oathbreakers, who faithfully and truly served the sworn enemy of the Soviet people and all humanity - fascism.

During the Great Patriotic War In each German infantry division, several OST infantry battalions were formed from white emigrants and prisoners of war, which received the number of their division."East battalions" fought against partisans and carried out security service. German officers were appointed battalion commanders, since the Germans did not have much confidence in OST. Later, the battalions were transferred to Europe. The last "East Battalion" was defeated by the Red Army in January 1945.

Larger collaborationist Russian formations there were eastern regiments and brigades. For example, Guderian’s 2nd TA included the Desna volunteer regiment. In the Bobruisk region in June 1942, the 1st Eastern Reserve Regiment operated, in the Vitebsk region - the Kaminsky brigade and others.

At the headquarters of all Army Groups and Wehrmacht Armies on the Eastern Front, special headquarters of special forces commanders were created, which monitored the reliability of the formed units and conducted combat training with them.

In the summer of 1942, Hitler's troops entered the Cossack regions of the Don, Kuban, and Terek. Cossack structures received permission from the German authorities to form battalions, regiments and divisions. The 1st Cossack Division, consisting of 11 regiments, 1200 bayonets each, in the spring of 1944 ended up in Belarus in the region of Baranovichi, Slonim, Novogrudok, where they entered into battle with the partisans, and then with the advanced units of the Red Army. Having suffered significant losses, the division, by order of the atamans of the Cossack Stan, Krasnov and Shkuro, was transferred to Italy, where on May 3 it capitulated to the British. Later, 16 thousand Cossacks were transported to Novorossiysk, where they were tried by the Military Tribunal. Everyone got what they deserved.

Through the efforts of the leadership of the Main Directorate Cossack troops White generals P. Krasnov and A. Shkuro created the XV Cossack Cavalry Corps (KKK) consisting of two divisions and the Plastun brigade. The formations fought with units of the Red Army until the end of the war. Only in May 1945 did they lay down their arms in Yugoslavia.

Special forces units, which were formed only from among Russian emigrants, acted against the partisans and the Red Army. Dressed in the uniform of the Red Army, police or railway workers, having well-prepared documents, the reconnaissance saboteurs were thrown into the rear of the Red Army. Penetrating into the rear, they conducted reconnaissance and committed major sabotage. The 800th Special Purpose Regiment “Brandenburg” occupied a special place in the first days of the war. In the first hours of the war, regiment saboteurs in Kobrin and Brest disabled the power plant and water supply system, interrupted wire communications with the Brest Fortress, and shot in the back the alerted commanders of the Brest garrison.

To create an insurgent movement in the Soviet rear and fight against partisans, as well as for the leadership of intelligence. sabotage activities on the Soviet-German front in June 1941, a headquarters was created in the Abwehr. The White émigré, former officer of the tsarist army, General A. Smyslovsky, also known as Major General of the German Army Arthur Homston, is appointed chief of staff. From this headquarters on the territory of Belarus in Minsk, Mogilev, Orsha, Slutsk, Baranovichi and Polotsk, residencies with a large number of agents began to operate, infiltrating the partisans and underground. With the approach of the Red Army troops, the residencies were ordered to remain in place to continue sabotage and reconnaissance. Those left to settle were selected from among the elderly and disabled who were not subject to mobilization into the army. To communicate with these agents, safe houses and points with radio communications were created. By 1943, the total number of agents had increased more than 40 times. For this, Smyslovsky was awarded the Order of the German Eagle. Later, Smyslovsky became the Commander of the 1st Russian National Army (RNA), which received the status of an ally of the Wehrmacht.

In March 1942, to destabilize the Soviet rear, the Germans created another reconnaissance and sabotage agency, the Zeppelin Enterprise. Zeppelin's front-line agencies operated throughout the entire Soviet-German front. In the same year, the Zeppelin organ created the 1st Russian National SS Brigade in the prisoner of war camp in Suwalki (Poland)., which in May 1943 waged fierce battles with the partisans of the Begoml zone, where it suffered heavy losses. In August 1943 The brigade under the command of Gil (2800 people) went over to the side of the partisans and entered into battle with the German occupiers in Dokshitsy and Krulevshchizna, but already as part of the Zheleznyak brigade of the Polotsk-Lepel partisan zone. For these actions, V. Gil-Rodionov was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

The National Labor Union (NTS) operated in the temporarily occupied territory of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus. NTS was created back in 1930 from Russian emigration. The main goal of the union is to fight Bolshevism by creating internal anti-Soviet underground organizations. The NTS headquarters were located in Berlin. The leadership of the NTS in Berlin entered into an agreement with the Abwehr to conduct joint actions against the Soviet Union in the upcoming armed conflict. With the beginning Great Patriotic WarNTS groups appeared in Orsha, Gomel, Mogilev, Polotsk, Bobruisk, Borisov, Minsk and 72 other cities in Russia and Ukraine. Close cooperation of the NTS was imposed with the traitors of General Vlasov.

In the spring of 1944, in Borisov and Bobruisk, the NTS created two nationalist organizations - the “Union of Struggle against Bolshevism” and the “Union of Belarusian Youth”. The purpose of the created unions is “the fight against Judeo-Bolshevism.” Unstable former members of the CPSU(b) and the Komsomol with probationary period at 6 months. Those who “suffered” from the Soviet regime and those who were repressed were accepted as honorary members. Armed squads were created in the unions. All young people were obliged to join unions and squads, they were given weapons and uniforms. Due to the approach of the Red Army troops, the activities of the NTS and “unions” were stopped in the spring of 1944.

2. In the western occupied regions of Belarus, where there was greatest number nationalists, collaborationist organizations “Self-Defense” (“Samaakhovs”) were created in the cities of Novogrudok, Baranovichi, Vileika, and Bialystok. In 1942, such formations were created throughout Belarus, intended mainly to fight partisans.

A larger formation against the Belarusian partisans was the “Belarusian Regional Defense” (BKA), led by the traitor Franz Kuschel, a former officer of the Polish army. In the spring of 1941, prisoner of war Kushel was sent to Minsk under the supervision of the NKVD. From the first days Great Patriotic War He is a translator for the German field commandant’s office, then, in October 1941, he creates the “Belarusian Samaakhova Corps.” The 1st division of the corps was stationed in Minsk, the 2nd in Baranovichi, and the 3rd in Vileika. The corps personnel took the oath: “I swear that, side by side with a German soldier, I will not let go of my weapon until the last enemy of the Belarusian people is destroyed.” After the German front in Belarus collapsed in June 1944, the corps soldiers abandoned their weapons and fled to their homes.

In the summer of 1942, the German leadership of the Minsk police began the formation of police battalions, sworn enemies of the partisans. A total of 20 battalions of 500 people each were formed, including the 48th battalion in Slonim, the 49th in Minsk, the 60th in Baranovichi, the 36th regiment in Urechye, etc. The battalions took an active part in major anti-partisan operations: “Cottbus” in the Lepel area, “Herman”, “Swamp Fever”, “Hamburg”, etc. The partisans' hatred of these formations was fanatical and immeasurable. On the headdresses of the traitors there was a cockade with the image of “Pursuit”, and on the left sleeve there was a white-red-white bandage.

On January 25, 1942, by order of Hitler, the 1st Belarusian SS Grenadier Brigade “Belarus” was created from among the traitors who fled to Germany. At the end of 1944, from the defeated and retreating police formations and “Samaakh” units, SS Obersturmbannführer Sieglin formed the 30th Belarusian SS Division, which took part in the battles against the Anglo-American troops in Western Front. Having suffered significant losses, the remnants of the division joined Vlasov's ROA. When the Germans allowed the head of the Belarusian Rada, Ostrovsky, to form another Belarusian SS division, the task turned out to be impossible - traitors and traitors from among the dispossessed and criminals, fugitives from justice, selfish people and simply cowards, at the final stage of the Great Patriotic War, hoping to earn rewards for their deeds, in the hundreds and thousands began to join the partisans.

On June 22, 1943, the Commissioner General of Belarus Kube approved the creation of a youth organization and the Charter of the Union of Belarusian Youth. Nobody joined the organization. The Belarusian people had to endure too much grief and suffering during the 3 years of occupation. Punitive operations in Belarus were carried out mainly by police battalions from the Baltics, Ukraine and Poland. Latvian policemen especially committed atrocities in operations: “Winter Magic” - February 1943, “Spring Festival” - April 1943, “Henry” - November 1943, and the 18th Latvian police battalion in Operation Riga.

During these and other punitive operations, thousands, hundreds of thousands of civilians were shot and burned alive. 209 cities and towns were left in ruins, 9,200 villages and villages were burned, including 186 with all their inhabitants. Khatyn is among them. In total, only Latvians left their bloody trail on the territory of Belarus - the 15th division, 4 police regiments, 26 battalions. In Belarus, armed bandits of the Polish legion of Second Lieutenant Milashevsky, the legions of Kmititsa and Mrachkovsky committed atrocities. There were also punishers from Ukraine. The Nachtigal reconnaissance and sabotage battalion operated as part of the German Brandenburg regiment and carried out punitive operations in the Brest and Mogilev regions.

3. On the territory of Ukraine, immediately after the arrival of the Germans, the formation of collaborationist national military units and police units began under different names: “All-Ukrainian Liberation Army” (UA), “Ukrainian Insurgent Army” (UPA), “Ukrainian National Army” (UNA). The formations were used to fight Red Army units and partisans. The creation of military units was led by the leader of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN), Colonel Melnyk, and the famous nationalist Stepan Bandera. The latter, back in the twenties, held the post of leader of Western Ukrainian youth, and in 1932 became deputy chairman of the OUN. For organizing the murder of the Minister of Internal Affairs of Poland, General Peracki, Bandera was sentenced to life imprisonment. But in 1939, with the arrival of the Germans in Warsaw, Bandera returned to Western Ukraine, where he created detachments of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). Units quickly grow into regiments and divisions. Soon the UPA numbered more than 200 thousand people, incl. 15 thousand of the Galicia division. The UPA is waging an armed struggle against Soviet partisans and the Polish Regional Army on the territory of Western Ukraine, Bukovina and in the forests of Pinsk woodland.

The war is being waged for an “independent” Ukraine “without gentlemen landowners, capitalists and Bolshevik commissars.” But Bandera’s UPA members still swore allegiance to Hitler : “I, a Ukrainian volunteer, with this oath, voluntarily place myself at the disposal of the German army. “I swear allegiance to the German leader and Supreme Commander of the German Army, Adolf Hitler, to unfailing loyalty and obedience.” For this obedience, the UPA received severe punishment from the Red Army. The combat formation of the 14th SS Grenadier Division "Galicia", which became part of the 13th AK of the 4th A Army Group "Western Ukraine", was completely defeated in July 1944 in the Lvov-Sandomierz operation near Brody. No more than 1 thousand “Galicians” escaped from the Brodsky cauldron, where 30 thousand died and 17 thousand soldiers and officers were captured. The “Sumy” division of the UPA was defeated even earlier, near Stalingrad. The Vilna Ukraine division fought as part of the AK Hermann Goering and was also completely defeated by the Red Army near Dresden.

On the entire Soviet-German front, a significant number of units and units of Ukrainian nationalists fought with the Red Army, which were united into the “Ukrainian Vizvolna Viysko” or the “Ukrainian National Liberation Army” (UNSO), which by the end of the war numbered more than 80 thousand troops. They had a distinctive sign - a “zhovtnevo-blakit” sleeve patch with a trident.

After the end of the Great Patriotic War, the traitors who surrendered were deported to the Soviet Union and put on trial. Some of them went underground to join the “forest brothers.” Having a large amount of weapons and ammunition, detachments of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) led by Bandera killed Soviet leaders and resisted Soviet power until their suppression and destruction in the early 1950s. Bandera himself fled to Munich, where he was met with just punishment - on October 15, 1959, he was killed by a KGB officer of the USSR.

4. IN dwarf states Baltic - Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia at the end of 1918, under the influence of the Great October Socialist Revolution in Russia, workers and landless peasants came to power. But the internal counter-revolution, united with external forces, drowned the young, fragile Soviet government in blood. As a result of the coups, it is established fascist dictatorship Smetona and Ulmanis. Parliaments are dissolved in all states and all political parties. Despite the fact that in June-July 1940, people's governments were formed in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, the countries voluntarily joined the Soviet Union, the people fully felt the advantages of socialism over capitalism, and the National Armies (29th Lithuanian SC, 24th SK Latvian, 22nd SK Estonian) were retained. From the first days of the German invasion, large property owners, capitalists and the bourgeoisie, together with the national army that had fled to their homes, joined the service of the Germans and began shooting in the backs of the Red Army soldiers, hoping to regain everything they had lost with the help of the German fascists. It was these segments of the population that began active work to create collaborationist, punitive police and armed formations. The German “fifth column” provided enormous assistance in this, its strongholds were numerous German and joint ventures, cultural and other institutions. In Latvia, for example, it was planned a week before the German invasion - on June 15, 1941 - to carry out sabotage by the forces of the “fifth column” with the burning of warehouses, explosions of bridges, and the seizure of important objects. But this plan was exposed. On the night of June 13-14, more than 5 thousand members of the “fifth column” were arrested, and the same number were expelled, including part of the command staff of the 24th Rifle Corps.

The Red Army command knew about the unfavorable situation in the Baltic military formations. On June 21, 1940, the commander of the BOVO troops, General D. Pavlov, addressed the NGO Marshal S. Timoshenko with a proposal to immediately disarm the personnel of the three ICs, as well as the population. For failure to surrender weapons - execution. But the request was not granted.*

5. Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, the “Lithuanian Legion” was created in East Prussia, the goal of which was: “When Germany attacks the USSR, which will occur in the spring of 1941, we Lithuanians must raise an uprising in the rear of the Red Army.” And so it happened. From the first days of the German invasion, the Lithuanian underground came into action. In Kaunas, nationalist armed groups opposed the Red Army and with particular brutality against the Jewish population. Jewish pogroms began in all the Baltic countries.

24 rifle battalions were formed in Lithuania, some of them are being transferred to Belarus. On October 14, 1941, in just one day they executed more than 2 thousand Belarusians in the village of Smilovichi, in Minsk - 1775 people, in Slutsk 5 thousand civilians. The 3rd Lithuanian battalion was located in Molodechno, another in Mogilev. The 3rd and 24th Lithuanian battalions took part in the operation against the Belarusian partisans “Swamp Fever” in the Baranovichi and Slonim regions. In addition to these battalions, the “Lithuanian Territorial Corps” (LTK) was also formed in Lithuania - 19 thousand people. Lithuanian bourgeois nationalists, who went underground a year ago, crawled out of their holes and, trying to please their new masters, began to commit outrages not only in Belarus, but also on their own land. On August 15-16, 1941, these traitors shot 3,207 old people, women and children in the village of Bayorai. The village of Pirgyupis was burned to the ground on June 3, 1944, along with its 119 inhabitants. During the three years of occupation, the Nazis and their nationalist accomplices destroyed over 700 thousand local residents, a sixth of Lithuania. With the arrival of the Red Army, these henchmen fled with the Nazis to the West, and many, fearing well-deserved punishment, took refuge in remote farmsteads and forests, organizing gangs of bandits. But the renegades received their well-deserved punishment.

6. In Latvia, with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, shelling of military units of the Red Army and the headquarters of the PribVO in Riga began. More than 100 thousand people joined the punitive, police and other Nazi military formations from Latvian nationalists. In 1941 -1943 45 police battalions were formed, with a total number of 15 thousand people, who fought the Belarusian and Ukrainian partisans and destroyed civilians. Some of them fought as part of the German Army Group "North". In Belarus, 15 Latvian battalions were stationed in Stolbtsy, Stankovo, Begoml, Gantsevichi, Minsk and other cities. The battalions took part in Operation Winter Magic against partisans in the Baranovichi, Berezovsky, and Slonim regions. From April 11 to May 4, 1944, the 15th Latvian SS Division and the 2nd and 3rd Latvian Police Regiments fought in Operation Spring Festival in the Ushachi-Lepel partisan zone.

Punishers from Latvia left a bloody trail on the territory of Belarus. The 18th police battalion, which was stationed in Stolbtsy, and the 24th in Stankovo ​​were particularly cruel in exterminating civilian Belarusians and Jews. In February - March 1943, these battalions, in Operation Winter Magic in the Rossony-Osvei partisan zone, destroyed and burned alive 15 thousand local residents, drove more than 2 thousand to hard labor in Germany, and destroyed 158 settlements. On the caps of the traitors there was a cockade with the image of a skull, and on the left sleeve there was a red-white-red flag - “Latvian SS man”.

In Latvia there was the “Latvian Legion”, which united all the police battalions, SS military units and other military formations from traitors serving the fascists. The Legion included the 15th and 19th Latvian volunteer divisions of the SS troops, each with 18 thousand people. Both divisions were united into the VI Latvian SS Volunteer Corps. The 15th Division fought against the Red Army in East Prussia, and the 19th Division fought on the Volkhov Front. The Latvian Riflemen met the end of the Great Patriotic War in captivity of our allies.*

7. Long before the Great Patriotic War, the Estonian top leadership of the state and army established contact with German intelligence, the Abwehr and the Reich. Their common interest was units of the Red Army and Navy. As early as 1935, employees of the German embassy in Tallin intensified their intelligence and agent activities. In 1936 and 1937, Abwehr chief Canaris visited Estonia twice. In 1939, the Triple Alliance of intelligence services of Estonia, Finland, and Germany was formed. A massive deployment of sabotage and reconnaissance groups into the territory of the Soviet Union begins. With the arrival of the Red Army troops on the territory of Estonia in 1940, agents and intelligence officers intensified their work. By July 1940, Estonian agents already numbered more than 60 thousand people. Despite the fact that by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War the Estonian army (22nd Estonian SC) and the country as a whole had been cleared of the “fifth column,” complete success in the fight against enemy agents could not be achieved. During Great Patriotic War On the territory of Estonia, 34 police and 14 infantry battalions were formed, which were used to fight Soviet partisans in the Leningrad region and conduct combat operations on the Baltic and Leningrad fronts. In the spring of 1944 Five more police regiments are being formed. The personnel of the Estonian units were dressed in the uniform of the Estonian army and wore a white armband with the inscription “In the service of the German army.”

At the end of August 1942, the “Estonian Legion” was created, which included the 3rd Estonian SS Volunteer Brigade. In January 1944, the 3rd Brigade was reorganized into the 20th Waffen-Grenadier Division of the SS and sent to the Eastern Front in the Narva region, then to the Volkhov Front against the 2nd Shock Army of the Red Army. The 300th Division also fought near Narva. Special Purpose Estonian collaborators.

Cooperation and subservience to the Germans and their intelligence services in the Baltic countries continued throughout the entire period Great Patriotic War. Even reconnaissance and sabotage groups and agents were sent en masse to the territory already liberated by the Red Army.

8. In preparation for the attack on the Soviet Union, the German command was extremely interested in forming allied troops from the Muslim population. The formation of military units was carried out by the Turkestan National Committee (TNK), located in Wünsdorf (Germany). In 1941, the first 450th Turkic infantry battalion was created, which was the basis for the creation of the “Turkestan Legion”. The Legion included only Uzbeks, Kazakhs, Turkmen, Tajiks, and Kyrgyz. Later, in 1942, in Poland, another 452, 781, 782 infantry battalions were formed from among Turkic prisoners of war. In total, 14 infantry battalions of 1000-1200 people were formed there in everyone. The battalions were sent to Ukraine to fight Soviet partisans. In November 1943, the 1st Eastern Muslim Regiment was formed with a deployment in Minsk. In total, there were 181,402 people in the ranks of the Turkestan Legion, which served in the Wehrmacht. These troops took part in the fight against partisans and combat operations on the Soviet-German front.

9. The Crimean Tatars greeted the Germans with enthusiasm as their liberators. A department for the formation of Crimean Tatar enemy forces is being created at the headquarters of German 11A in Crimea. By January 1942, “Muslim Committees” and “Tatar National Committees” were formed in all cities of Crimea, which in the same 1942 sent 8,684 Crimean Tatars to the German army and another 4 thousand to fight the Crimean partisans. In total, with a population of 200 thousand Tatars, 20 thousand volunteers were sent to serve the Germans. From this number the 1st Tatar Mountain Jaeger Brigade of the SS was formed. On August 15, 1942, the “Tatar Legion” began to operate, which included Tatars and other peoples of the Volga region who spoke the Tatar language. The “Tatar Legion” managed to form 12 field Tatar battalions, of these, the 825th battalion was located in Belynichi, Vitebsk region. Later, on February 23, 1943, on Red Army Day, the battalion in in full force went over to the side of the Belarusian partisans, entered the 1st Vitebsk Brigade of Mikhail Biryulin and fought against the Nazi invaders near Lepel. In Belarus, in the occupied territory, the Tatars, who collaborated with the Germans, grouped around the mufti Yakub Shinkevich.“Tatar committees” were in Minsk, Kletsk, Lyakhovichi. End Great Patriotic Warfor the Tatar traitors and traitors it became as tragic and deserved as for other collaborators. Only a few managed to escape to the Middle East and Turkey. Their plans to achieve victory over the “Bolshevik barbarians”, to create a free Federal Republic failed under the mandate of the German Empire.

On May 10, 1944, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Beria addressed Stalin with a request: “Taking into account the treacherous actions of the Crimean Tatars, I propose to evict them from Crimea.” The operation took place from May 18 to July 4, 1944. About 220 thousand Tatars and other nonresident residents of Crimea were removed without bloodshed or resistance. *

10. The Caucasian highlanders greeted the German troops with joy and presented Hitler with a golden harness - “Allah is above us - Hitler is with us.” The program documents of the “Special Party of Caucasian Fighters,” which united 11 peoples of the Caucasus, set the task of defeating the Bolsheviks, Russian despotism, doing everything to defeat Russia in the war with Germany, and “the Caucasus for the Caucasians.”

In the summer of 1942, as German troops approached the Caucasus, the insurgency intensified everywhere.Soviet power was liquidated, collective and state farms were dissolved, and major uprisings broke out. German saboteurs - paratroopers, about 25 thousand people in total - took part in the preparation and conduct of the uprisings. Chechens, Karachais, Balkars, Dagestanis, etc. began to fight against the Red Army. The only way to suppress the uprisings and the unfolding armed struggle against the Red Army troops and partisans was deportation. But the situation at the front (fierce battles near Stalingrad and Kursk) did not allow an operation to deport the peoples of the North Caucasus. It was brilliantly accomplished in February 1944.

On February 23, the resettlement of Caucasian peoples began. The operation was well prepared and was successful. By the beginning of it, the motives for the eviction were brought to the attention of the entire population - betrayal. Leaders, religious leaders of Chechnya, Ingushetia and other nationalities took a personal part in explaining the reasons for the resettlement. The campaign achieved its goal. Out of 873,000 people. those evicted resisted and only 842 people were arrested. For his success in evicting the traitors, L. Beria was awarded the highest military order of Suvorov, 1st degree. The eviction was forced and justified. Many hundreds of Chechens, Ingush, Balkars, Karachais, Crimean Tatars, etc. went to the side of our worst enemy - the German occupiers, to serve in the German army.

11. In August 1943, a Corps of Kalmyk traitors was created in Kalmykia, which fought near Rostov and Taganrog, then (in the winter of 1944-1945) in Poland, leading heavy fighting with units of the Red Army near Radom.

12. The Wehrmacht drew its personnel from traitors, emigrants and prisoners of war, Azerbaijanis, Georgians and Armenians. From the Azerbaijanis, the Germans formed the Special Purpose Corps “Bergman” (“Highlander”), which participated in the suppression of the uprising in Warsaw. The 314th Azerbaijani Regiment fought as part of the 162nd German Infantry Division.

13. From among the Armenian prisoners of war, the Germans formed eight infantry battalions at the training ground in Pulaw (Poland) and sent them to the Eastern Front.

14. Volunteer traitors, Georgian emigrants, entered the service of the Germans in the first days of the war. They are used as the vanguard of the German Army Group South. At the beginning of July 1941, the reconnaissance and sabotage group "Tamara - 2" was thrown into the rear of the Red Army in the North Caucasus. Georgian saboteurs took part in Operation Shamil to seize the Grozny oil refinery. At the end of 1941, the “Georgian Legion” of 16 battalions was created in Warsaw. In addition to Georgians, the Legion included Ossetians, Abkhazians, and Circassians. In the spring of 1943, all battalions of the Legion were transferred to Kursk and Kharkov, where they were defeated by units of the Red Army.

After graduation Great Patriotic Warthe fate of the soldiers of the military formations of the Caucasus ended up in the hands of our allies, and later of Soviet justice. Everyone received a well-deserved punishment.

15. All this evil was skillfully processed by anti-Soviet propaganda. Although it was not easy, it was far from simple to justify the reasons for armed action against one’s Motherland, which was waging a holy, just war for independence and freedom. Understanding well that the moral strength of a fighter, his perseverance in battle is drawn from patriotic feelings, our enemies paid great attention to the moral, psychological, and ideological training of the personnel of the newly formed units. That's why Almost all units and formations of collaborators received the names “national”, “liberation”, “people’s”. To carry out the tasks of developing moral and psychological stability and maintaining discipline in the collaborationist units, clergy and German ideologists were involved. Information support was given special attention, because it was necessary to change views on the content and essence of the ongoing armed struggle. These problems were solved, including by numerous media outlets. Almost all military units and formations of traitors had their own press organs. The ROA of General Vlasov, for example, had its own organ, the People's Anti-Bolshevik Committee, which published newspapers in Berlin: For Peace and Freedom, For Freedom, Zarya, Fighter of the ROA, etc. In other military units, collaborators published special newspapers: “Soviet warrior”, “Front-line soldier”, etc., in which events happening at the front were skillfully falsified. For example, on the Leningrad Front, the newspaper “Red Army”, published in Berlin, was distributed under the guise of a newspaper of the front’s political department. On the first page of the newspaper the slogan is printed: “Death to the German occupiers,” and then the Supreme Commander’s Order No. 120, which prescribes: “All former MTS tractor drivers and tractor brigade foremen should be sent to their places of former work to carry out the sowing campaign. All former collective farmers born in 1910 and older must be demobilized from the Red Army.” On the second page of the newspaper there is a heading: “Warriors study the leader’s order.” Here, they say, in the speeches of the soldiers, the mediocrity of Comrade is noted. Stalin, and that “the place of every Red Army soldier has long been in the ranks of the ROA, which, under the leadership of Lieutenant General Vlasov, is preparing for battles with Judeo-Bolshevism.”

In Belarus, a newspaper was published, a copy of Pravda, with the slogan: “Long live the Union of Russia and Great Britain,” and then: “More than 5 million former Red Army soldiers have already surrendered.” Leaflets were sent to the partisans in the same form as the Soviet ones from Moscow, but on the back: “Come to the side of Germany,” “Cooperate with the German army,” “This is a pass for surrender.” The fake newspaper “New Way” was published in Borisov, Bobruisk, Vitebsk, Gomel, Orsha, and Mogilev. An exact copy of the Soviet front-line newspaper “For the Motherland” with anti-Soviet content was published in Bobruisk. In the Caucasus, the newspaper “Dawn of the Caucasus” was published, in Stavropol “Morning of the Caucasus”, “Free Kalmykia” in Elista, the organ of all highlanders of the Caucasus was “Cossack Blade”, etc. In a number of cases, this anti-Soviet propaganda and falsification achieved its goal.

16. Today, conscious and deliberate falsification of the results Great Patriotic Warand World War II in general, historical victories Soviet people and his Red Army grew significantly. The goal is obvious - to take away the Great Victory from us, to consign to oblivion those atrocities and atrocities that were committed by the Nazis and their accomplices, traitors and traitors to their Motherland: Vlasovites, Banderaites, Caucasian and Baltic punitive forces. Today their barbarity is justified by the “struggle for freedom”, “national independence”. It looks blasphemous when the SS men from the Galicia division who were not killed by us are in law, receive additional pensions, and their families are exempt from paying housing and communal services. The day of liberation of Lvov, July 27, was declared “a day of mourning and enslavement by the Moscow regime.” Alexander Nevsky Street was renamed after Andrey Sheptytsky, the metropolitan of the Ukrainian-Greek Catholic Church, who in 1941 blessed the 14th Grenadier Division of the SS “Galicia” to fight the Red Army.

Today, Baltic countries They demand billions of dollars from Russia for the “Soviet occupation.” But have they really forgotten that the Soviet Union did not occupy them, but saved the honor of all three Baltic states from the inevitable fate of being part of the defeated Nazi coalition, and gave them the honor of becoming part of the common system of the countries that defeated fascism. In 1940, Lithuania received back the Vilna region with its capital, Vilnius, which had previously been taken away by Poland. Forgotten! It is also forgotten that the Baltic countries since 1940. By 1991, to create their new infrastructure, they received from the Soviet Union (in today's prices) 220 billion dollars. With the help of the Soviet Union, they created a unique high-tech production, built new power plants, including nuclear, providing 62% of all energy consumed, ports and ferries (3 billion dollars), airfields (Shauliai - 1 billion dollars), created a new merchant fleet, built oil pipelines, and completely gasified their countries. Forgotten! The events of January 1942 were consigned to oblivion, when traitors to the Motherland on June 3, 1944 burned the village of Pirgupis and the village of Raseiniai to the ground along with its residents. The village of Audrini in Latvia, where today there is a NATO air force base, suffered the same fate: 42 courtyards of the village, along with the inhabitants, were literally wiped off the face of the earth. The Rezekne police, led by the beast in the guise of a man, Eichelis, managed to exterminate 5,128 residents of Jewish nationality by July 20, 1942. Latvian “fascist riflemen” from the SS army organize a solemn march every year on March 16th. A marble monument was erected to the executioner Eichelis. For what? Former punitive forces, SS men from the 20th Estonian Division and Estonian policemen, who became famous for the wholesale extermination of Jews, thousands of Belarusians and Soviet partisans, parade around Tallinn every July 6th with banners, and the liberation day of their capital, September 22nd, 1944, is celebrated. as "day of mourning". A granite monument was erected to the former SS colonel Rebana, to which children are brought to lay flowers. Monuments to our commanders and liberators have long been destroyed, the graves of our brothers-in-arms, patriotic front-line soldiers, have been desecrated. In Latvia, in 2005, vandals, infuriated by impunity, had already mocked the graves of fallen Red Army soldiers three times (!). Why, why are the graves of heroic soldiers of the Red Army desecrated, their marble slabs destroyed, and killed a second time? The West, the UN, the Security Council, Israel are silent and are not taking any measures. Meanwhile, Nuremberg trial 20.11.1945-01.10.1946 for carrying out a conspiracy against Peace, humanity and the gravest war crimes, he sentenced Nazi war criminals not to death, but to hanging. The UN General Assembly on December 12, 1946 confirmed the legality of the sentence. Forgotten! Today in some CIS countries there is glorification and praise of criminals, punishers and traitors. May 9 is a historical day, the day of the Great Victory is no longer celebrated - a working day, and even worse, a “day of mourning”.

The time has come to give a decisive rebuff to these acts, not to praise, but to expose all those who, with weapons in their hands, became servants of the fascists, committed atrocities, and destroyed the elderly, women and children. The time has come to tell the truth about collaborators, enemy military, police forces, traitors and traitors to the Motherland.

Betrayal and treason have always and everywhere evoked feelings of disgust and indignation, especially betrayal of a previously given oath, a military oath. These betrayals and oath crimes have no statute of limitations.

17. On the temporarily occupied territory of the Soviet Union in 1941-1944. a truly nationwide struggle unfolded between the Soviet honest people, partisans and underground fighters against numerous military formations from among the white emigrants, traitors and traitors to the Motherland, who became in the service of the fascists. How difficult it was for the Soviet people and the soldiers of the Red Army to fight, fighting, in fact, on two fronts - in front of the German hordes, in the rear - traitors and traitors.

Treason and betrayal during the sacred years Great Patriotic Warwere truly significant. Great human sacrifices, suffering and destruction were made by collaborators, policemen and punitive forces. To betrayal, to traitors to the Motherland, who took up arms on the side of the Nazis, Hitler's Germany, who swore allegiance to Adolf Hitler, the attitude Soviet people was unequivocal - hatred and contempt. The retribution that was deserved was met with popular approval; the criminals were brought to justice.

18. However, repaired over the years Great Patriotic Warthe monstrous atrocities and destruction on the temporarily occupied territory of the Soviet Union cannot be compared with the irretrievable losses and consequences of the betrayal committed during the period of the deliberate and purposeful collapse of the Great Superpower of the USSR.

World history does not know examples of treason and betrayal on such a scale and such consequences as it was in the Soviet Union in the late 80s and early 90s of the last century. During these years, an action unprecedented in its destructiveness took place. Gorbachev's treacherous policy, the notorious perestroika, far-fetched acceleration and new thinking - all this is nothing more than epochal idiocy.

When it became absolutely obvious that the policies of the traitor Gorbachev and his clique represented by the chief architect of perestroika, CIA agent A. Yakovlev, the traitor E. Shevardnadze and others would lead the country to irreparable collapse and collapse - the top communist party and the Soviet government began to save their own skins by taking the path of treason and betrayal of the interests of their country and their people. It was they, and also the leadership of the security forces (KGB, Ministry of Internal Affairs, Ministry of Defense) who allowed the anti-people, anti-socialist forces to run amok and act in a fairly organized manner. These forces, under the false slogans of the struggle for freedom and democracy, for human rights, a developed market and the subsequent “heavenly life”, found support in the mindset of a part of the country’s population, mainly. The connivance and inactivity of the leadership of the party and state, and the security forces, made it possible to quickly create a “fifth column” from among the traitors and changelings, which was immediately headed and financed by the United States and the West. To eliminate its potential enemy and competitor - the Soviet Union, in an effort to rule the whole world in an American way, the United States did not spare trillions of dollars. In the early 90s, the United States still managed to achieve its goal, conceived back in the 50s - to defeat the Soviet Union in the Cold War. The goal was achieved with huge financial injections and ideological war, but at the hands of home-grown traitor democrats.

Taking advantage of the amazing inactivity and indecision of President Gorbachev, and then the State Emergency Committee, the United States and the “fifth column” in the person of Yeltsin, Gaidar, Burbulis, Shakhrai and others were able to quickly take the initiative and power into their own hands. Power overnight passed into the hands of capitulators, opportunists, shifters, careerists and simply traitors. It was they who sent the Great Superpower along the path indicated by the United States - devastation, disasters, armed conflicts and even wars. There was complete capitulation and admiration for the United States and the West. Collaborators, traitors and traitors forcefully imposed capitalism on the peoples of the Soviet Union, managed to plunder and appropriate industrial giants, gold, oil, gas and land. But “Selling, trading land is like being a mother,” Leo Tolstoy said long ago.

In Russia, a new class of oligarchs, large owners and businessmen has already been created from those people who, in a cunning and dexterous way, contrived, at a time of great unrest, to loot and steal everything that had been created for thousands of years and rightfully belonged to the entire people. These nouveau riche still form the basis of the new government in Russia.

19. The media played a huge role in these thieves' transformations, being an instrument of manipulation. public consciousness. In the gigantic counter-revolution, in the tragedy of the twentieth century, the corrupt media, pro-Western propaganda and information war, having received dollar funding and the active participation of the “fifth column” (ideological shifters, henchmen and simply scoundrels), managed to deceive the Soviet people with amazing, incomprehensible ease. People believed in the mafia of newspaper lines, false television propaganda, and were simply fooled. The people believed those loud promises to “get on the rails” and other provocative statements that, they say, “if you give us power, we will give you a prosperous life, prosperity, freedom and democracy, but just vote for us, otherwise you will lose.” The country was suddenly gripped by some kind of epidemic of stupidity, servile submission to the media and groveling before the “prosperous West.”

20. The magnitude of the crimes committed by modern traitors is enormous and cannot be measured by anything.

Over the past 15 years, Russia, the successor to the Soviet Union (except for Moscow and St. Petersburg), has found itself in ruin, the country has been economically set back many years. The absolute majority of the population found themselves in the abyss and poverty. Bribery and embezzlement have entangled the entire country. Corruption, robbery and murder still flourish today. Mortality exceeded birth rate. Millions of refugees and street children appeared. This has not happened even in yearsGreat Patriotic War. Drug addiction, prostitution, and human trafficking have emerged and reached unprecedented proportions. The number of gambling houses and brothels is countless. The people are in poverty, and in London, on the Cote d'Azur, there live 800 dollar millionaires who have fled from justice, including Yeltsin's daughter Tatyana. There are 33 dollar billionaires and 88 millionaires in Moscow. This is more than in any other city in the world.

Russia today ranks 62nd out of 177 countries in the world in terms of welfare. In 2005, it dropped another 5 positions. In terms of state budget expenditures per schoolchild, Russia is in penultimate place in the world, ahead of Zimbabwe, but in terms of the number of dollar billionaires, it is in second place after the United States. But the state border and customs are being strengthened and are being depleted at a rapid pace natural resources, international gas conflicts emerged. In general, the Russian economy remains far from the Soviet pre-perestroika level of 1990.

All this did not happen under the Soviet Union, and could not have happened due to the very nature of the progressive socialist way of life. If it were the Soviet Union, things wouldn't be any worse. If my native country lived in friendly family peoples, without wars and refugees, without poverty and in prosperity, as the Chinese live today in their prosperous socialist country under the leadership of the Communist Party.

9. The Germans were greeted with enthusiasm as their liberators. Crimean Tatars. A department for the formation of Crimean Tatar enemy forces is being created at the headquarters of German 11A in Crimea. By January 1942, “Muslim Committees” and “Tatar National Committees” were formed in all cities of Crimea, which in the same 1942 sent 8684 Crimean Tatars to the German army and another 4 thousand to fight the Crimean partisans. In total, with a population of 200 thousand Tatars, 20 thousand volunteers were sent to serve the Germans. From this number the 1st Tatar Mountain Jaeger Brigade of the SS was formed. On August 15, 1942, the “Tatar Legion” began to operate, which included Tatars and other peoples of the Volga region who spoke the Tatar language. The “Tatar Legion” managed to form 12 field Tatar battalions, of which the 825th battalion was located in Belynichi, Vitebsk region. Later, on February 23, 1943, on the day of the Red Army, the battalion in its entirety went over to the side of the Belarusian partisans, entered the 1st Vitebsk brigade of Mikhail Biryulin and fought against the Nazi invaders near Lepel. In Belarus, in the occupied territory, the Tatars, who collaborated with the Germans, grouped around the mufti Yakub Shinkevich. “Tatar committees” were in Minsk, Kletsk, Lyakhovichi. The end of the Second World War for the Tatar traitors and traitors became as tragic and deserved as for other collaborators. Only a few managed to escape to the Middle East and Turkey. Their plans to achieve victory over the “Bolshevik barbarians” and create a free Federal Republic under the mandate of the German Empire failed.

On May 10, 1944, People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Beria turned to Stalin with a request: “Taking into account the treacherous actions of the Crimean Tatars, I propose to evict them from Crimea.” The operation took place from May 18 to July 4, 1944. About 220 thousand Tatars and other nonresident residents of Crimea were removed without bloodshed or resistance. *

10. Caucasian highlanders They greeted the German troops with joy and presented Hitler with a golden harness - “Allah is above us - Hitler is with us.” The program documents of the “Special Party of Caucasian Fighters,” which united 11 peoples of the Caucasus, set the task of defeating the Bolsheviks, Russian despotism, doing everything to defeat Russia in the war with Germany, and “the Caucasus for the Caucasians.”

In the summer of 1942, as German troops approached the Caucasus, the insurgency intensified everywhere. Soviet power was liquidated, collective and state farms were dissolved, and major uprisings broke out. German saboteurs - paratroopers, about 25 thousand people in total - took part in the preparation and conduct of the uprisings. Chechens, Karachais, Balkars, Dagestanis, and others began to fight against the Red Army. The only way to suppress the uprisings and the unfolding armed struggle against the Red Army troops and partisans was deportation. But the situation at the front (fierce battles near Stalingrad and Kursk) did not allow an operation to deport the peoples of the North Caucasus. It was brilliantly implemented in February 1944.

On February 23, the resettlement of Caucasian peoples began. The operation was well prepared and was successful. By the beginning of it, the motives for the eviction were brought to the attention of the entire population - betrayal. Leaders, religious leaders of Chechnya, Ingushetia and other nationalities took a personal part in explaining the reasons for the resettlement. The campaign achieved its goal. Of the 873,000 people evicted, only 842 people resisted and were arrested. For his success in evicting the traitors, L. Beria was awarded the highest military order of Suvorov, 1st degree. The eviction was forced and justified. Many hundreds of Chechens, Ingush, Balkars, Karachais, Crimean Tatars, etc. went to the side of our worst enemy - the German occupiers, to serve in the German army.

11. In August 1943 in Kalmykia A Corps of Kalmyk traitors is created, which fights near Rostov and Taganrog, then (in the winter of 1944 -1945) in Poland, and wages heavy battles with units of the Red Army near Radom.

12. The Wehrmacht drew personnel from traitors, emigrants and prisoners of war Azerbaijanis, Georgians and Armenians. From the Azerbaijanis, the Germans formed the Special Purpose Corps “Bergman” (“Highlander”), which participated in the suppression of the uprising in Warsaw. The 314th Azerbaijani Regiment fought as part of the 162nd German Infantry Division.

13. From among the Armenian prisoners of war, the Germans formed eight infantry battalions at the training ground in Pulaw (Poland) and sent them to the Eastern Front.

14. Volunteer traitors, Georgian emigrants, entered the service of the Germans in the first days of the war. They are used as the vanguard of the German Army Group "South". At the beginning of July 1941, a reconnaissance and sabotage group "Tamara - 2" thrown into the rear of the Red Army in the North Caucasus. Georgian saboteurs took part in Operation Shamil to seize the Grozny oil refinery. At the end of 1941, a "Georgian Legion" from 16 battalions. In addition to Georgians, the Legion included Ossetians, Abkhazians, and Circassians. In the spring of 1943, all battalions of the Legion were transferred to Kursk and Kharkov, where they were defeated by units of the Red Army.

After the end of the Second World War, the fate of the soldiers of the military formations of the Caucasus ended up in the hands of our allies, and later of Soviet justice. Everyone received a well-deserved punishment.

15. All this evil was skillfully processed by anti-Soviet propaganda. Although it was not easy, it was far from simple to justify the reasons for armed action against one’s Motherland, which was waging a holy, just war for independence and freedom. Understanding well that the moral strength of a fighter, his perseverance in battle is drawn from patriotic feelings, our enemies paid great attention to the moral, psychological, and ideological indoctrination of the personnel of the newly formed units. That is why almost all units and formations of collaborators received the names “national”, “liberation”, “people’s”. To carry out the tasks of developing moral and psychological stability and maintaining discipline in the collaborationist units, clergy and German ideologists were involved. Special attention was paid to information support, because it was necessary to change views on the content and essence of the ongoing armed struggle. These problems were solved, including by numerous media outlets. Almost all military units and formations of traitors had their own press organs. The ROA of General Vlasov, for example, had its own organ, the People's Anti-Bolshevik Committee, which published newspapers in Berlin: For Peace and Freedom, For Freedom, Zarya, Fighter of the ROA, etc. In other military units, collaborators published special newspapers: “Soviet warrior”, “Front-line soldier”, etc., in which events happening at the front were skillfully falsified. For example, on the Leningrad Front, the newspaper “Red Army”, published in Berlin, was distributed under the guise of a newspaper of the front’s political department. On the first page of the newspaper the slogan is printed: “Death to the German occupiers,” and then the Supreme Commander’s Order No. 120, which prescribes: “All former MTS tractor drivers and tractor brigade foremen should be sent to their former places of work to carry out the sowing campaign. All former collective farmers born in 1910 and older must be demobilized from the Red Army.” On the second page of the newspaper there is a heading: “Warriors study the leader’s order.” Here, they say, in the speeches of the soldiers, the mediocrity of Comrade is noted. Stalin, and that “the place of every Red Army soldier has long been in the ranks of the ROA, which, under the leadership of Lieutenant General Vlasov, is preparing for battles with Judeo-Bolshevism.”

In Belarus, a newspaper was published, a copy of Pravda, with the slogan: “Long live the Union of Russia and Great Britain”, and then: “More than 5 million former Red Army soldiers have already surrendered.” The leaflets sent to the partisans were exactly the same in form as the Soviet ones from Moscow, but on the back: “Come over to the German side,” “Cooperate with the German army,” “This is a pass for surrender.” The fake newspaper “New Way” was published in Borisov, Bobruisk, Vitebsk, Gomel, Orsha, and Mogilev. An exact copy of the Soviet front-line newspaper “For the Motherland” with anti-Soviet content was published in Bobruisk. In the Caucasus, the newspaper “Dawn of the Caucasus” was published, in Stavropol “Morning of the Caucasus”, “Free Kalmykia” in Elista, the organ of all the highlanders of the Caucasus was “Cossack Blade”, etc. In a number of cases, this anti-Soviet propaganda and falsification achieved its goal.

16. Today, the conscious and deliberate falsification of the results of the Second World War and the Second World War in general, the historical victories of the Soviet people and their Red Army has increased significantly. The goal is obvious - to take away the Great Victory from us, to consign to oblivion those atrocities and atrocities that were committed by the Nazis and their accomplices, traitors and traitors to their Motherland: Vlasovites, Banderaites, Caucasian and Baltic punitive forces. Today their barbarity is justified by the “struggle for freedom”, “national independence”. It looks blasphemous when the SS men from the Galicia division who were not killed by us are in law, receive additional pensions, and their families are exempt from paying housing and communal services. The day of liberation of Lvov, July 27, was declared “a day of mourning and enslavement by the Moscow regime.” Alexander Nevsky Street was renamed after Andrey Sheptytsky, the metropolitan of the Ukrainian-Greek Catholic Church, who in 1941 blessed the 14th Grenadier Division of the SS “Galicia” to fight the Red Army.

Today, the Baltic countries are demanding billions of dollars from Russia for the “Soviet occupation.” But have they really forgotten that the Soviet Union did not occupy them, but saved the honor of all three Baltic states from the inevitable fate of being part of the defeated Nazi coalition, and gave them the honor of becoming part of the common system of the countries that defeated fascism. In 1940, Lithuania received back the Vilna region with its capital Vilnius, previously taken away by Poland. Forgotten! It is also forgotten that the Baltic countries since 1940. By 1991, to create their new infrastructure, they received from the Soviet Union (in today's prices) 220 billion dollars. With the help of the Soviet Union, they created a unique high-tech production, built new power plants, incl. and nuclear, providing 62% of all energy consumed, ports and ferries (3 billion dollars), airfields (Shauliai - 1 billion dollars), created a new merchant fleet, built oil pipelines, and completely gasified their countries. Forgotten! The events of January 1942 were consigned to oblivion, when traitors to the Motherland on June 3, 1944, burned to the ground the village of Pirgupis and the village of Raseiniai along with its residents. The village of Audrini in Latvia, where today there is a NATO air force base, suffered the same fate: 42 courtyards of the village, along with the inhabitants, were literally wiped off the face of the earth. The Rezekne police, led by the beast in the guise of a man, Eichelis, managed to exterminate 5,128 residents of Jewish nationality by July 20, 1942. Latvian “fascist riflemen” from the SS army organize a solemn march every year on March 16th. A marble monument was erected to the executioner Eichelis. For what? Former punitive forces, SS men from the 20th Estonian Division and Estonian policemen, who became famous for the wholesale extermination of Jews, thousands of Belarusians and Soviet partisans, annually parade on July 6 with banners along Talin, and the day of the liberation of their capital, September 22, 1944, is celebrated, as a "day of mourning". A granite monument was erected to the former SS colonel Rebana, to which children are brought to lay flowers. Monuments to our commanders and liberators have long been destroyed, the graves of our brothers-in-arms, patriotic front-line soldiers, have been desecrated. In Latvia, in 2005, vandals, infuriated by impunity, had already mocked the graves of fallen Red Army soldiers three times (!). Why, why are the graves of heroic soldiers of the Red Army desecrated, their marble slabs destroyed, and killed a second time? The West, the UN, the Security Council, Israel are silent and are not taking any measures. Meanwhile, the Nuremberg trials 11/20/1945-10/01/1946. for carrying out a conspiracy against Peace, humanity and the gravest war crimes, he sentenced Nazi war criminals not to death, but to hanging. The UN General Assembly on December 12, 1946 confirmed the legality of the sentence. Forgotten! Today in some CIS countries there is glorification and praise of criminals, punishers and traitors. May 9 is a historical day, the day of the Great Victory is no longer celebrated - a working day, and even worse, a “day of mourning”.

The time has come to give a decisive rebuff to these acts, not to praise, but to expose all those who, with weapons in their hands, became servants of the fascists, committed atrocities, and destroyed the elderly, women and children. The time has come to tell the truth about collaborators, enemy military, police forces, traitors and traitors to the Motherland.

Betrayal and treason have always and everywhere evoked feelings of disgust and indignation, especially betrayal of a previously given oath, a military oath. These betrayals and oath crimes have no statute of limitations.

17. On the temporarily occupied territory of the Soviet Union in 1941-1944. A truly nationwide struggle of Soviet honest people, partisans and underground fighters unfolded against numerous military formations from among the White emigrants, traitors and traitors to the Motherland, who became in the service of the fascists. How difficult it was for the Soviet people and the soldiers of the Red Army to fight, fighting, in fact, on two fronts - in front of the German hordes, in the rear - traitors and traitors.

Treason and betrayal during the years of the sacred Second World War were truly on a significant scale. Great human sacrifices, suffering and destruction were made by collaborators, policemen and punitive forces. The attitude of the Soviet people towards betrayal, towards traitors to the Motherland, who took up arms on the side of the Nazis, Hitler’s Germany, who swore allegiance to Adolf Hitler, was unequivocal - hatred and contempt. The retribution that was deserved was met with popular approval; the criminals were brought to justice.

Author: Veteran of the Great Patriotic War and military intelligence, Chairman of the Military Scientific Society at the state cultural and leisure institution "Central House of Officers of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus" (until 2012), retired Major General Vladimir Nikiforovich Vorobiev.

There are collaborators and traitors in every war. World War II was no exception. Some went over to the side of the enemy for ideological reasons, others were attracted by material wealth, and others were forced to help the former enemy in order to save their lives and the lives of loved ones. Among those who changed the flag under which they fought were soviet women.

The first document that dealt with the fight against collaboration was the order of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs, issued on December 12, 1941, “On operational security service in areas liberated from enemy troops.” At the beginning of 1942, an explanation was issued about who should be registered. The list included:

• women who married Germans;
• keepers of brothels and brothels;
• persons who worked in German institutions and provided services to Germans;
• those who voluntarily left with the Nazis and members of their families.

Anyone who found themselves in occupied territory and was forced to work to get a piece of bread was suspected of treason. Such people could then bear the stigma of a potential traitor for the rest of their lives.

Many women who voluntarily or forcedly had sexual relations with the Germans were later shot, often along with their children. According to German documents, about 4 thousand women were shot during the liberation of Eastern Ukraine alone. Another German intelligence report spoke about the fate of the “traitors” in Kharkov: “Among them there are many girls who were friends with German soldiers, and especially those who were pregnant. Three witnesses were enough to eliminate them.”

Vera Pirozhkova

Vera Pirozhkova, who was born in Pskov in 1921, worked in the same newspaper “For the Motherland”. She got a job there immediately after the start of the occupation, first as a translator, then as an author. In her articles she glorified the German way of life under the Nazis and Germany.

In the first text, dedicated to the “Protocols of the Elders of Zion,” Pirozhkova acted as an obvious anti-Semite: “The evil force of Jewry, which for centuries fed only on hatred and acted through intrigue, deception and terror, will not withstand the onslaught of the healthy, creative forces of the people.” This position found approval at the top, and Pirozhkova quickly advanced, becoming practically the political editor of the newspaper.

After the war, she studied in Munich and defended her dissertation. In the 90s she returned to Russia and now lives in St. Petersburg.

Svetlana Gaier

One of the most controversial women who can be categorized as a “traitor” at a stretch. Gaier was a very young girl when she went to work as a translator for the occupation authorities of Kyiv. She and her mother needed money; her father died after being imprisoned in a Soviet prison.

She worked on construction sites, translated for architects and scientists. In 1943 she went to Germany, where she was promised a scholarship. In Germany, she spent some time in a camp for workers from the eastern territories, but was released.

She studied literary criticism in Freiburg and became one of the most famous translators from Russian to German. Translated Dostoevsky's main novels into German.

Antonina Makarova (Tonka the Machine Gunner)

At the beginning of the war, the young nurse Antonina found herself surrounded. With soldier Fedorchuk, they wandered through the forests, trying to survive. After they reached the village, Fedorchuk went to his family, and the woman was left alone.

She again had to look for shelter. She ended up on the territory of the Lokot Republic, where the Germans liked it. Antonina was subjected to violence several times. Once she was forced to shoot prisoners - she knew how to use a machine gun, and she was also drunk. Having carried out such an order, Makarova turned out to be a “regular executioner.” She shot every morning. Quite quickly she even began to like the work.

Rumors about Tonka the Machine Gunner quickly spread throughout the area, but it was not possible to eliminate her. After the Germans retreated, Makarova obtained documents which showed that she had worked as a nurse throughout the war. The KGB was looking for her for several decades, but it was difficult to suspect the former punisher of the war veteran, exemplary wife and mother Antonina Ginzburg.

The KGB workers were helped by chance - Makarova’s brother, Parfenov, was planning to travel abroad. In the questionnaire, he indicated his sister Makarova (Ginsburg).

Her case was the only one in the USSR in which a female punisher appeared. Antonina was found guilty of murdering 168 people and was shot.

Many Soviet women worked as translators, journalists, and secretaries under the Germans. Their fates turned out differently. Some remained in exile forever, others were repatriated back to the Soviet Union, like Evgenia Polskaya, who came from Cossacks. Her husband was an ROA officer, and she herself worked at a newspaper. Some were able to “cross out” their ambiguous past and quietly live to old age.