Runny nose

A friend of my harsh days, an old woman. Friend of my harsh days, my decrepit dove

From childhood, little Sasha - the future great Russian poet A.S. Pushkin - was brought up under the supervision of his nanny Arina Rodionovna. Parents devoted little time to raising their children, placing all worries on the shoulders of a simple peasant woman. It was the nanny who looked after Sashenka, walked with him, told him stories, sang lullabies, putting him to bed. Thanks to her sayings and legends, Sasha became acquainted with folk art, which subsequently had a huge influence on his works. It was to her that he dedicated lines of charm and gratitude in his poems.

Full text of the poem to Pushkin's Nanny

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
Looking in forgotten gate
On a black distant path;
Melancholy, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.
It seems to you. . .

(A.S. Pushkin “Nanny” 1826)

Arina Rodionovna was born in 1758 into a large family of serfs raising seven children. She had to experience a hungry, joyless childhood, poverty peasant life. The girl asked to look after the children of her owners. She was taken as a nanny to the Pushkin family for their daughter Olga. After Sasha's birth, she begins to look after both children. She placed all her worries, all the affection and love of a simple peasant heart on the altar of raising children. The nanny is constantly with the children, accompanies them on trips from Mikhailovsky to St. Petersburg, where they spend every winter.

Arina became very attached to the boy and loved him with all her heart. She gave all the tenderness, warmth and generosity to her “angel,” which could not but evoke a reciprocal feeling of gratitude. The nanny became everything for the future poet: a friend, a guardian angel, a muse. Alexander Sergeevich confided his thoughts and dreams to her, shared secrets, sought consolation from her. Everything that he could not get from his parents, he found from his “mother”.

After entering the service, meetings between the matured Alexander and his nanny became rare; the young man could not often visit Mikhailovskoye. Only in 1824, Alexander Sergeevich, having arrived at the estate as an exile, again fell into caring, gentle hands. In the fall of 1824, in his letters to his brother, he shared his impressions of folk songs, fairy tales, and sayings, which the cheerful, kind storyteller-nanny generously gave him. He admits that they make up for the omissions of “his damned upbringing.” “What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem!” - the poet exclaims with admiration.

Pushkin also shows her special warmth and reverent respect. “Friend of my harsh days, my decrepit Dove!” Behind this slight irony in addressing the nanny lies immense gratitude for the trials we have experienced together and quiet sadness.

Full voiced verse “Nanny”

Subsequently, he lovingly and tenderly reproduces her image in his works: nanny Tatiana in “Eugene Onegin” and Dubrovsky in the story of the same name; prototypes of mother Ksenia from “Boris Godunov” and the princess from “Rusalka”. He does not hide the fact that he was prompted to paint these images by the devotion and wisdom of his nurse, the gentle nanny Arina.

The last time Pushkin saw his nanny was in the fall of 1827, but he did not really have time to communicate. Summer of 1828 his “mother” was gone. Shocked by the death of his nanny, he admits that he has lost his most reliable, fair and tested friend. Alexander treated her with respect and a feeling of immense gratitude.

The warm name of Arina Rodionovna is familiar to everyone from a young age. Knowing what role she played in the life of the great Russian poet, it is impossible to read the poem “Nanny” by Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin without emotion. Each of his lines is imbued with warmth, gratitude and gentle sadness.

The poem was written by the poet in 1826, in St. Petersburg. By this time, Pushkin had returned from Mikhailovsky, where he was sent in 1824 after another clash with his superiors. In September, the poet “reconciled” with Nicholas I, who promised him his patronage even though Pushkin did not hide from him his sympathy for the Decembrists.

The text of Pushkin’s poem “Nanny” is divided into 4 parts. First, the poet turns in a friendly manner to his nurse, who was with him not only throughout his childhood, but also during his two-year exile in Mikhailovskoye. My address “decrepit dove” could be called familiar, but Pushkin, firstly, loves very much, and secondly, respects his nanny immensely. She is not only a nurse for him, she is a friend of harsh days, much closer spiritually than his mother.

In the third part of the poem, which is now being taught in a literature lesson in the 5th grade, Alexander Sergeevich mentally returns to why home. The image of a wise and kind nanny endlessly touches him. In his mind's eye, Pushkin sees Arina Rodionovna grieving in front of the window of her little room and waiting and waiting for the master, for whom she is very worried, intensely peering into the distance. Last lines the poet emphasizes that he cannot often visit Mikhailovsky and visit his nurse. He has grown up, he has a different life, different concerns and aspirations.

Learn this lyrical work easy enough. His text is soft, smooth, and quickly memorable.

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.

You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.

Looking through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Melancholy, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.

Yakovleva Arina Rodionovna was born on April 10 (21), 1758 in the village of Lampovo, St. Petersburg province. Her parents were serfs and had six more children. Her real name was Irina, but her family used to call her Arina. She received her surname from her father Yakovlev, later it became Matveev after her husband. Pushkin never called her by name; “nanny” was closer to him. From the memoirs of Maria Osipova, “an extremely respectable old lady - plump-faced, all gray-haired, passionately loving her pet...”

In 1759, Lampovo and the surrounding villages were bought by A.P. Hannibal, Pushkin's great-grandfather. In 1792, Pushkin’s grandmother Maria Alekseevna took Arina Rodionovna as a nanny for her nephew Alexei. For good service in 1795, Maria Alekseevna gave her nanny a house in the village. And in December 1797, a girl was born into the Hannibal family, who was named Olga ( older sister poet). And Arina Rodionovna is taken into the Pushkin family as a wet nurse.
Soon after this, Pushkin's father, Sergei Lvovich, moved to Moscow. Arina was taken with them as a wet nurse and nanny.
On May 26, 1799, a boy named Alexander appears in the family. Maria Alekseevna also decides to move to Moscow. She sells her estate, but Arina’s house was not sold, but remained for her and her children.
Pushkin’s sister Olga Sergeevna Pavlishcheva claimed that Maria Hannibal wanted to give Arina and her husband, along with their four children, freedom, but she refused her. All her life, Arina considered herself a “faithful slave,” as Pushkin himself called her in Dubrovsky. All her life she was a serf: first Apraksin, then Hannibal, then the Pushkins. At the same time, Arina was on special situation, they trusted her, according to V.V. Nabokov, she was a "housekeeper".
In addition to Olga, Arina Rodionovna was the nanny of Alexander and Lev, but only Olga was the nurse. Arina Rodionovna's four children remained to live in her husband's village - Kobrin, and she herself lived first in Moscow, and then in Zakharovo. A few years later she moved to the village of Mikhailovskoye.
Rich families hired not only wet nurses and nannies for the master's children. For boys there was also an "uncle". For Pushkin, for example, Nikita Kozlov was such an “uncle”, who was next to the poet until his death. But, nevertheless, the nanny was closer to Pushkin. Here is what Veresaev wrote about this: “How strange! The man, apparently, was ardently devoted to Pushkin, loved him, cared for him, perhaps no less than the nanny Arina Rodionovna, accompanied him throughout his entire independent life, but is not mentioned anywhere : neither in Pushkin’s letters, nor in the letters of his loved ones. Not a word about him - neither good nor bad." But it was Kozlov who brought the wounded poet into the house in his arms; he, together with Alexander Turgenev, lowered the coffin with Pushkin’s body into the grave.
In 1824-26, Arina Rodionovna lived with Pushkin in Mikhailovskoye. This was the time when young Alexander greedily absorbed his nanny’s fairy tales, songs, and folk epics. Pushkin writes to his brother: “Do you know my activities? Before lunch I write notes, I have lunch late; after lunch I ride horseback, in the evening I listen to fairy tales - and thereby compensate for the shortcomings of my damned upbringing. What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem!” It is interesting that Pushkin himself said that Arina Rodionovna served as the prototype for Tatyana’s nanny in Eugene Onegin, as well as Dubrovsky’s nanny. It is believed that Arina was the basis for the image of Ksenia’s mother in “Boris Godunov”.

Our ramshackle shack
Both sad and dark.
What are you doing, my old lady?
Silent at the window?
Or howling storms
You, my friend, are tired,
Or dozing under the buzzing
Your spindle?
Let's have a drink, good friend,
My poor youth
Let's drink from grief; where is the mug?
The heart will be happier.
Sing me a song like a tit
She lived quietly across the sea;
Sing me a song like a maiden
I went to get water in the morning.
The storm covers the sky with darkness,
Whirling snow whirlwinds;
The way she howls like a beast,
She will cry like a child.
Let's have a drink, good friend
My poor youth
Let's drink from grief; where is the mug?
The heart will be happier.

Pushkin A.S. 1825.

IN last time Pushkin saw Arina Rodionovna in Mikhailovskoye on September 14, 1827. The nanny died when she was seventy years old, on July 29, 1828 in St. Petersburg. For a long time nothing was known about the day or place of the nanny’s burial. Neither Alexander nor Olga were present at her funeral. Olga's husband Nikolai Pavlishchev buried her, leaving the grave unmarked. And she soon got lost. Back in 1830, they tried to find the grave of Pushkin’s nanny, but they did not find it. It was believed that she was buried in the Svyatogorsk Monastery, near the poet’s grave; there were those who were sure that Arina Rodionovna was buried in her homeland in Suida; as well as at the Bolsheokhtinsky cemetery in St. Petersburg, where at one time there was even a slab with the inscription “Pushkin’s Nanny”. Only in 1940 did they find in the archives that the nanny’s funeral was held in the Vladimir Church. There they found a record dated July 31, 1828, “5th class official Sergei Pushkin serf woman Irina Rodionova 76 old age priest Alexey Narbekov.” It also turned out that she was buried in the Smolensk cemetery. At the entrance to it you can still find a memorial plaque. It was installed in 1977: “Arina Rodionovna, the nanny of A.S. Pushkin 1758-1828, is buried in this cemetery
"Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove"

Confidant of magical antiquity,
Friend of playful and sad fictions,
I knew you in the days of my spring,
In the days of initial joys and dreams;
I've been waiting for you. In the evening silence
You were a cheerful old lady
And she sat above me in the shushun
IN big glasses and with a playful rattle.
You, rocking the baby's cradle,
My young ears were captivated by the melodies
And between the shrouds she left a pipe,
Which she herself fascinated.

21 Apr 1758 Arina Rodionovna Yakovleva was born,
serf peasant woman, Pushkin's nanny

Confidant of magical antiquity,
Friend of playful and sad fictions,
I knew you in the days of my spring,
In the days of initial joys and dreams;
I've been waiting for you. In the evening silence
You were a cheerful old lady
And she sat above me in the shushun
With big glasses and a frisky rattle.
You, rocking the baby's cradle,
My young ears were captivated by the melodies
And between the shrouds she left a pipe,
Which she herself fascinated.

A.S. Pushkin

Arina Rodionovna lived with Pushkin in Mikhailovskoye, sharing his exile with the poet. At that time, Pushkin became especially close to his nanny, listened to her fairy tales with pleasure, and recorded folk songs from her words. He used the plots and motives of what he heard in his work. According to the poet, Arina Rodionovna was “the original of Nanny Tatyana” from “Eugene Onegin,” Dubrovsky’s nanny. It is generally accepted that Arina is also the prototype of Ksenia’s mother in “Boris Godunov”, the princess’s mother (“Rusalka”), female images novel "Arap of Peter the Great".

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.

You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.

Looking through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Melancholy, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.

It seems to you...
(1826, unfinished. First published 1855)

In November 1824, Pushkin wrote to his brother: “Do you know my activities? Before lunch I write notes, I have lunch late; after lunch I ride horseback, in the evening I listen to fairy tales - and thereby compensate for the shortcomings of my damned upbringing. What a delight these fairy tales are! Each one is a poem! ". It is known that, from the words of his nanny, Pushkin wrote down seven fairy tales, ten songs and several folk expressions, although he heard more from her, of course. Sayings, proverbs, sayings did not leave her tongue. The nanny knew a lot of fairy tales and conveyed them in a special way. It was from her that Pushkin first heard about the hut on chicken legs and the fairy tale about the dead princess and the seven heroes.

Pushkin last saw his nanny in Mikhailovskoye on September 14, 1827, nine months before her death. Arina Rodionovna - “a good friend of my poor youth” - died at the age of 70, after a short illness, on July 29, 1828 in St. Petersburg, in the house of Olga Pavlishcheva (Pushkina). For a long time exact date The death of the nanny and the place of her burial were unknown.
In cemeteries, the graves of non-noble persons, especially serfs, were not given due attention. The nanny's grave, left unattended, soon became lost.
Only in 1940, as a result of painstaking searches in the archives, did they learn that the nanny’s funeral was held in the Vladimir Church. In the registry book of this church they found an entry dated July 31, 1828, No. 73: “5th class official Sergei Pushkin serf woman Irina Rodionova 76 old age priest Alexey Narbekov.” It also turned out that she was buried in the Smolensk cemetery.

In the June Pushkin days of 1977 on Smolensky Orthodox cemetery a memorial was opened memorial plaque. At the entrance to the cemetery, in a special niche on marble, there is an inscription carved:

Arina Rodionovna, A.S.’s nanny, is buried in this cemetery. Pushkin (1758-1828)
"Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!"

Friend of my harsh days,
My decrepit dove!
Alone in the wilderness of pine forests
You've been waiting for me for a long, long time.
You are under the window of your little room
You're grieving like you're on a clock,
And the knitting needles hesitate every minute
In your wrinkled hands.
Looking through the forgotten gates
On a black distant path;
Melancholy, premonitions, worries
They squeeze your chest all the time.
It seems to you.
-
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In the old days, raising children in noble Russian families was carried out not by tutors, but by nannies, who were usually selected from serfs. It was on their shoulders that the daily worries of the lordly children fell, whom their parents saw no more than a few minutes a day. This is exactly how the childhood of the poet Alexander Pushkin proceeded, who almost immediately after his birth was transferred to the care of the serf peasant Arina Rodionovna Yakovleva. This amazing woman subsequently played a very important role in the life and work of the poet. important role. Thanks to her, the future classic of Russian literature was able to get acquainted with folk tales and legends, which were subsequently reflected in his works. Moreover, as he grew older, Pushkin trusted his nanny with all his secrets, considering her his spiritual confidante, who could console, encourage, and give wise advice.

Arina Yakovleva was assigned not to a specific estate, but to the Pushkin family. Therefore, when the poet’s parents sold one of their estates, in which a peasant woman lived, they took her with them to Mikhailovskoye. It was here that she lived almost her entire life, occasionally traveling with her children to St. Petersburg, where they spent time from autumn to spring. When Alexander Pushkin graduated from the Lyceum and entered the service, his meetings with Arina Rodionovna became rare, since the poet practically never visited Mikhailovskoye. But in 1824 he was exiled to the family estate, where he spent almost two years. And Arina Rodionovna during this difficult period of the poet’s life was his most faithful and devoted friend.

In 1826, Pushkin wrote the poem “Nanny,” in which he expressed his gratitude to this wise and patient woman for everything that they had experienced together. Therefore, it is not surprising that from the first lines of the work the poet addresses this woman quite familiarly, but at the same time, very respectfully, calling her “a friend of my harsh days” and “decrepit dove.” Behind these slightly ironic phrases lies the enormous tenderness that Pushkin feels for his nanny. He knows that this woman is spiritually much closer to him than his own mother, and understands that Arina Rodionovna is worried about her pupil, in whom she dotes.

“Alone in the wilderness of the pine forests, you have been waiting for me for a long, long time,” the poet notes sadly, realizing that this woman is still worried about how his fate will turn out. Using simple and succinct phrases, the poet paints the image of an elderly woman, whose main concern in life is still the well-being of the “young master,” whom she still considers a child. Therefore, Pushkin notes: “Melancholy, premonitions, worries press on your chest all the time.” The poet understands that his “old lady” spends every day at the window, waiting for a mail carriage to appear on the road in which he will arrive at the family estate. “And the knitting needles hesitate every minute in your wrinkled hands,” the poet notes.

But at the same time, Pushkin understands that now he has a completely different life, and he is not able to visit Mikhailovsky as often as his old nanny would like. Therefore, trying to protect her from constant worries and excitement, the poet notes: “It seems to you...”. His last meeting with Arina Rodionovna took place in the fall of 1827, when Pushkin was passing through Mikhailovskoye and did not even have time to really talk with his nurse. In summer next year she died in the house of the poet's sister Olga Pavlishcheva, and her death greatly shocked the poet, who later admitted that he had lost his most faithful and devoted friend. Arina Yakovleva is buried in St. Petersburg at the Smolensk cemetery, but her grave is considered lost.
Other lyrics of songs "A.S. Pushkin"