Analysis of the poem by A.S. Pushkin “Winter morning. Analysis of “Winter Morning” Pushkin
A.S. Pushkin is a Russian poet, a man of rare talent and noble convictions. What wonderful pictures he created with his powerful brush, how much sincerity and warmth spilled into his poetic descriptions. But not only the poet himself knew how to enjoy the beautiful, not only expressed his delight, he also knew how to convey his admiration to others. Pushkin's poems are distinguished by a deep philosophical vision of the world.
Lyrical work " Winter morning"surprises with its originality and artistry. The picture of a frosty morning is bright and spectacular. What is the story behind the creation of the poem “Winter Morning”? It was written by A.S. Pushkin in 1829. This year has not been easy for the poet. The chief of gendarmes, Alexander Benckendorf, shamelessly reminded him all the time about his supervision. There were also concerns about understanding his work. Pushkin's poem "Poltava", published in 1829, was not accepted by all readers. This could not but affect Alexander Sergeevich’s mood. The problem was that Pushkin, the exponent of the national and universal spirit, “outgrew the interests and tastes of his readers.” The poet became more mature, his feelings changed, his works and songs were no longer the same. And readers demanded the familiar and familiar. Take a break from anxious thoughts The poet managed to work with inspiration and forget the bustle of the capital for a while in the company of old friends. On November 3, 1829, while in the village of Pavlovskoye, Staritsky district, Tver province (the possession of Pyotr Ivanovich Wulf), A.S. Pushkin wrote the work “Winter Morning,” which later became famous.
The main theme of the poem “Winter Morning” is man and nature, the relationship human soul with the natural world. Reliable and colorful images of a sunny winter morning are combined in a poetic work with love motives.
A characteristic feature of the poem “Winter Morning” is that behind the simplicity and accessibility of the syllable lies a deep philosophical and universal meaning. Nature is conceived as an independent aesthetic value; its state influences the emotional mood of the lyrical hero. The poet managed to achieve his goal: to show typical character Russian nature, with which reasonable person lives in peace and harmony. The poet values man and nature in harmonious unity.
Compositionally, the poem “Winter Morning” consists of five stanzas. Each stanza has six lines.
Further, the development of the plot required the expansion of time boundaries; the lyrical hero reminds the lovely lady of yesterday’s mischief in the weather. Everything was not rosy, sad and depressing: “the blizzard was angry,” “there was darkness in the cloudy sky.” This tension in nature affected the beauty’s mood: “And you sat sad...”. The human heart beats in unison with nature.
The prevailing mood of the third stanza is joyful, almost festive. The details of the landscape are expressive and original. There is so much joyful rapture and glorification of nature and life in the poet’s lines. The colorful descriptions of nature in the poem are not a background; landscape plays important role in revealing the inner world of the lyrical hero.
But pictures of nature temporarily give way to pictures of rural life. The room, the stove crackling with its cheerful crackling sound, is a familiar and at the same time wonderful village scene. In the poet's draft, the last verse of the fourth stanza looked like this: “Ban the Cherkassy horse.” But the final poetic solution was different - “Ban the brown filly” - which indicates Pushkin’s desire for a realistic style.
The fifth stanza is the most dynamic. Motifs of the road and running appear in it. Lyrical hero invites his beauty to visit familiar and dear places. In the last stanza a new character appears - the “impatient horse.” The horse is a symbol of movement, striving forward. In an energetic movement, to merge with nature, enjoy and admire it - aren’t these the wonderful realities of life?
One of the means of verbal expressiveness of the poem “Winter Morning” is antithesis. Antithesis is a comparison of contrasting or opposing images. The opening line of the poem—“Frost and sun…”—is the first observable antithesis. “Frost” (coldness, impartiality, immobility) and “sun” (awakening, warmth, development). The images of the heroes of the poem “Winter Morning” are also contrasting. The lyrical hero is active, full of strength and life, but the beauty is dozing, she is in the grip of sleep, oblivion, and apathy. In the second and third stanzas, the author again resorts to antithesis, showing in contrast the picture of a bygone stormy evening and a new wonderful morning. “Muddy sky” and “blue skies”, “evening” and “wonderful day”, magnificent carpets of snow and blackening forest - all these are antitheses skillfully arranged by the author.
Carrying out an analysis of the poem “Winter Morning”, one can notice that the work combines such delightful expressions as “closed gazes”, “northern Aurora” with decidedly prosaic ones - “the flooded stove cracks”, “ban the brown filly”. At the same time, the unity of the artistic impression of the poems does not suffer; on the contrary, thanks to this, a special charm and expressiveness of the poem is born.
The means of artistic expression of the poem “Winter Morning” are as follows:
- epithets (figurative definitions) - “lovely friend”, “wonderful day”, “muddy sky”, “transparent forest”, “empty fields”, “amber shine”, “impatient horse”, “ dear friend»,
- metaphors - “the blizzard was angry”, “the darkness was rushing”, “the snow lies in magnificent carpets”, “cheerful crackling”
- simile - “the moon is like a pale spot.”
The poetic meter is iambic tetrameter.
In the six-line stanzas of the poem, the author used special scheme rhymes: the first line rhymes with the second, the third with the sixth, and the fourth with the fifth. The rhyme scheme is as follows: aabvvb. In this poem, feminine rhyme is predominant. These are lines one, two, four, five. The third and sixth lines are masculine rhyme.
I liked the poem “Winter Morning” because of the sonority and harmony of the syllable, the richness of impressions, and the ability to capture characteristic details. The lyrical hero is sincere, complete vitality, he joyfully welcomes the birth of a new day and encourages his beloved to do the same. In this poem one can feel movement, dynamics, changes, and they concern both nature and man. The poem “Winter Morning” has an incentive plan. I just want to, following the calls of the lyrical hero, harness a brown filly to a sled, and, surrendering to the running of an impatient horse, visit empty fields, until recently, dense forests and the coast. Pushkin peered vigilantly into the outside world and showed it as it appears in at the moment. The poem “Winter Morning” is written in “living” colors - you feel and see this “frost and sun; a wonderful day,” this snow glistening in the sun, the blackening forest, the river glistening under the ice.
"Winter Morning" analysis of the work - theme, idea, genre, plot, composition, characters, issues and other issues are discussed in this article.
Poem "Winter Morning" Pushkin wrote November 3, 1829. At that time the poet was not in the best state of mind, his life was full of sadness and loneliness. Therefore, the bright and enthusiastic poem “Winter Morning”, glorifying the beauty of the Russian winter, came as a pleasant surprise to critics and friends of Alexander Sergeevich.
Pushkin's work is literally permeated lyrical works. The poet has repeatedly admitted that he not only treats legends, myths and folk traditions, but also never ceases to admire the magic of Russian nature. “Winter Morning”, without exaggeration, can be considered one of Pushkin’s most successful poems on this topic.
Writers attribute this work to genre of landscape poetry. Its name already sounds romantic. Beautiful pictures of Russian nature, trees in a dazzling snowy decoration, immediately appear in the reader’s imagination.
Structurally, “Winter Morning” is divided into five stanzas, each of which is a six-line line. In the first stanza, the poet conveys his admiration for the Russian frosty winter and gently calls on his beloved to wake up. In the second stanza, the author's mood changes. Pushkin recalls the gloomy and stormy evening yesterday, which was filled with the violence and indignation of the elements. Therefore, the lyrical hero is delighted with the wonderful weather in morning hours. Antithesis in the second stanza gives the whole work a special flavor.
The fourth stanza, after describing a fine morning, returns the reader to a warm room, where the cheerful crackling of logs in the stove is heard. The last part of the work again invites the reader to admire the winter landscapes while taking a sleigh ride. Pushkin saturates the dynamically changing pictures of nature with bright and precise details: the amber shine of fire, magnificent carpets of snow, a shining river under ice.
"Winter Morning" is written melodiously iambic tetrameter with mixed rhyme (AABCSV), which gives the work a special lightness. Four lines with feminine rhyme (first and second, fourth and fifth) are diluted in each stanza with two lines with masculine rhyme (third and sixth).
The nouns in the poem create a vivid image of a frosty winter morning: sun, sky, ice, frost, river, spruce, frost. Equally successfully, Pushkin uses verbs that saturate the text with the dynamics of life: appear, lie, wake up, shine, turn black, turn green.
Wonderful day, magnificent carpets, transparent forest, amber shine, cheerful crackling, dear friend - so positive epithets awaken a joyful mood in the reader's soul. But to depict evening bad weather, Pushkin uses phrases and comparisons with a negative connotation: "the moon is like a pale spot", "in the cloudy sky", "dark clouds". For blizzards and haze the poet uses personification, gives them properties characteristic of humans: "the darkness was rushing", "The blizzard was angry".
The syntactic structure of the language is also unique in “Winter Morning”. At the beginning of the work, the author uses declarative sentences. They are easy to read. Then the plot changes and becomes agitated, which is reflected in exclamatory sentences. There are also questions, one of which is rhetorical.
Pushkin widely uses appeals(beauty, lovely friend, dear friend), introductory words and direct speech, which creates in the reader a feeling of involvement in the event. Alliteration with the help of hissing and sonorous consonants, as well as successful consonance of vowels (assonance), both the creaking of snow and the clatter of horse hooves are conveyed. In the first stanza, the sound of a cold winter morning, “es,” is often heard, and in the second six-line, the sound “el” is repeated, conveying the sensations of frosty air. Effect "amber glow of fire" and the crackling of dry logs emphasizes the hard consonants “t” and “r”. The same purpose is served by a deliberate tautology - "crackles".
Lyrical hero the work appears before the reader as a poetic, subtle, loving person native nature and those who know how to discern beauty. The cheerful and joyful tone of the poem creates a feeling of something bright and festive.
Pushkin’s legacy includes many works with winter landscapes, but “Winter Morning” differs from others in its special skill and vitality.
On November 3, 1829, a poem came out from the master’s pen, which would later be called “Winter Morning.” It has become a kind of business card the poet's landscape lyrics and received many positive responses from readers and literary critics.
The history of its creation concerns the period when Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was in Mikhailovsky due to exile for his creativity and civic activities. Despite the fact that the year of writing turned out to be anxious and depressing for the author, he was able to find a share of inspiration, which prompted him to create many world-famous poetic lines.
A brief analysis of the poem will help you become more familiar with the work of the great Russian poet, finding the main features of the ideological content and versification of the presented text.
The work was written in the style of classical Russian romanticism, which was characteristic of the work of Alexander Sergeevich. The author also chose the usual meter for the verse - iambic tetrameter. This makes the text melodic and easy to read. This effect is enhanced by mixed rhyme. The female rhyme (first and second, fourth and fifth lines) is diluted by the male rhyme (third and sixth lines). One sentence flows smoothly into another, creating a flexible text outline.
The leading theme is revealed by Pushkin immediately in the very first sentence: “Frost and sun; wonderful day!” The beauty of nature is brought to the fore, and the winter morning becomes a symbolic leitmotif that permeates all five stanzas of the poem. In this way, the relationship between a person and the world around him is revealed. The idea of spiritual closeness with nature was relevant for the writer throughout his entire creative career.
When analyzing the poetics of a work, it is important to pay attention to means of expression. Traceable huge amount epithets of both positive (“charming friend”, “magnificent carpets”, “transparent forest”) and negative (“dark clouds”, “empty fields”). Positive paths in the text are more common, which allows you to fill the work with additional optimism and joyful emotions.
The genre of landscape lyricism is characterized by the fact that in poetry natural phenomena come to life and become like a person. To do this, A.S. Pushkin uses personification (“the blizzard was angry,” “the darkness was rushing in the cloudy sky”) and metaphorical phrases (“the moon turned yellow,” “the forest turned black,” “the room was illuminated with brilliance”). Comparisons (“the moon is like a pale spot”) help to fully understand and experience what is described.
The poem is written in the form of an appeal. This is evidenced by the presence of rhetorical appeals: “You are still dozing, lovely friend...”, “It’s time, beauty, wake up...”.
An analysis of the verse “Winter Morning” will not be complete without mentioning the phonetic coloring of the text. The first stanza is full of sounds “s” and “z”.
It's time, beauty, wake up:
Open your closed eyes
Towards northern Aurora,
Be the star of the north!
They are a symbol of winter morning. While the second stanza fills the perception with frosty, icy images using the sounds “l” and “m”.
In the evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,
There was darkness in the cloudy sky;
The moon is like a pale spot
Through the gloomy clouds it turned yellow...
Pushkin's creation is based on constant contrasts - one image is sharply replaced by another, even more symbolic. The smooth and calm narrative turns into violent exclamations. The technique used creates additional emotional coloring poetry.
Poem "Winter Morning".
Perception, interpretation, evaluation
The poem was written on November 3, 1829 in the village of Pavlovskoye, Tver province, where A.S. Pushkin was invited by P.A. Osipova-Wulf. The poet loved these places very much and was friends with Osipova’s children - Alexei, Anna and Eupraxia.
We can classify the poem as landscape lyricism, its style is romantic. The main theme is the relationship between the moods of man and nature, the change of contrasting states in nature and the human soul.
The composition of the poem is based on antithesis. It opens with a lovely winter landscape and an appeal to his beloved:
Frost and sun; wonderful day!
You are still dozing, dear friend -
It's time, beauty, wake up:
Open your closed eyes towards the northern Aurora,
Be the star of the north!
We have an antithesis already in the first line of the poem - “frost” (stiffness, something deathly, frozen) and “sun” (warmth, life, love). In the same stanza the image of the heroine is presented - she is a beauty, a “star of the north”, cold, proud and unapproachable. She is immersed in bliss, tranquility, sleep, and it is difficult for her to “awaken to life.” The image of the heroine here comes close to the image of a long, cold winter. The lyrical hero, on the contrary, is alive, cheerful, full of vitality, directed towards warmth and light. And already in this we see a certain opposition.
In the second stanza, remembering last night, the poet creates a landscape contrasting with this morning:
In the evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,
There was darkness in the cloudy sky;
The moon is like a pale spot
Through the dark clouds it turned yellow,
And you sat sad, -
And now... look out the window...
The state of nature here is consonant with the state of the human soul. The gloomy, dull atmosphere of evening nature gives special poignancy to the hero’s morning impressions. It is impossible to appreciate a joyful, sunny morning if there has never been a stormy evening in your life. And this thought of the poet is symbolic. We are talking here not only about changes in weather, but also about the alternation of life’s storms and cloudless happiness in a person’s life.
In the third stanza we again see a wonderful picture, full of colors and life:
Under blue skies with magnificent carpets,
Glistening in the sun, the snow lies,
The transparent forest alone turns black,
And the spruce turns green through the frost,
And the river glitters under the ice.
This stanza also contains an antithesis: magnificent carpets of snow are contrasted with a forest, blackening in the distance, transparent and naked, and a river bound with ice.
In the fourth stanza we see a description of the room, we are transported into an atmosphere of warmth, comfort, and light. The hero’s soul is open to the future - a new beautiful day:
The whole room is illuminated with an amber shine. The flooded stove crackles with a cheerful sound.
It's nice to think by the bed.
But you know: shouldn’t we tell the brown filly to be banned from the sled?
There is also an antithesis here. The cheerful crackle of the stove is contrasted with a couch, associated with sleep, peace, and immobility. “The energy of fire here is opposed to the inertia of everyday life.”
In the last stanza, a motive of movement, running, as opposed to peace and immobility in frozen winter nature, arises:
Sliding on the morning snow,
Dear friend, let us indulge in the run of the impatient horse and visit the empty fields,
The forests, recently so dense,
And the shore, dear to me.
Here the hero talks about places close to his heart. It is as if he is inviting his beloved to share his affection with him.
The poem is written in iambic tetrameter and sextins. The poet uses a variety of means of artistic expression: epithets (“charming friend,” “dark clouds,” “impatient horse”), personification (“the blizzard was angry”), comparison (“the moon is like a pale spot”), deliberate tautology and alliteration (“ The flooded stove crackles with a cheerful sound."
“Winter Morning” Alexander Pushkin
Frost and sun; wonderful day!
You are still dozing, dear friend -
It's time, beauty, wake up:
Open your closed eyes
Towards northern Aurora,
Be the star of the north!In the evening, do you remember, the blizzard was angry,
There was darkness in the cloudy sky;
The moon is like a pale spot
Through the dark clouds it turned yellow,
And you sat sad -
And now... look out the window:Under blue skies
Magnificent carpets,
Glistening in the sun, the snow lies;
The transparent forest alone turns black,
And the spruce turns green through the frost,
And the river glitters under the ice.The whole room has an amber shine
Illuminated. Cheerful crackling
The flooded stove crackles.
It's nice to think by the bed.
But you know: shouldn’t I tell you to get into the sleigh?
Ban the brown filly?Sliding on the morning snow,
Dear friend, let's indulge in running
impatient horse
And we'll visit the empty fields,
The forests, recently so dense,
And the shore, dear to me.
Analysis of Pushkin's poem "Winter Morning"
Lyrical works occupy a very significant place in the work of Alexander Pushkin. The poet has repeatedly admitted that he is in awe not only of the traditions, myths and legends of his people, but also never ceases to admire the beauty of Russian nature, bright, colorful and full of mysterious magic. He made many attempts to capture a wide variety of moments, masterfully creating images autumn forest or a summer meadow. However, the poem “Winter Morning”, created in 1829, is rightfully considered one of the most successful, bright and joyful works of the poet.
From the very first lines, Alexander Pushkin puts the reader in a romantic mood, in a few simple and elegant phrases describing the beauty of winter nature, when the duet of frost and sun creates an unusually festive and optimistic mood. To enhance the effect, the poet builds his work on contrast, mentioning that just yesterday “the blizzard was angry” and “darkness rushed across the cloudy sky.” Perhaps each of us is very familiar with such metamorphoses, when in the midst of winter endless snowfalls are replaced by a sunny and clear morning filled with silence and inexplicable beauty.
On days like these, it’s simply a sin to sit at home, no matter how comfortably the fire crackles in the fireplace. And in every line of Pushkin’s “Winter Morning” there is a call to go for a walk, which promises a lot of unforgettable impressions. Especially if outside the window there are amazingly beautiful landscapes - a river glistening under the ice, forests and meadows dusted with snow, which resemble a snow-white blanket woven by someone’s skillful hand.
Every line of this poem is literally permeated with freshness and purity., as well as admiration and admiration for beauty native land, which never ceases to amaze the poet at any time of the year. Moreover, Alexander Pushkin does not seek to hide his overwhelming feelings, as many of his fellow writers did in the 19th century. Therefore, in the poem “Winter Morning” there is no pretentiousness and restraint inherent in other authors, but at the same time, each line is imbued with warmth, grace and harmony. In addition, simple joys in the form of a sleigh ride give the poet true happiness and help in to the fullest feel all the greatness of Russian nature, changeable, luxurious and unpredictable.
The poem “Winter Morning” by Alexander Pushkin is rightfully considered one of the most beautiful and sublime works of the poet. It lacks the causticity so characteristic of the author, and there is no usual allegory, which makes you look for the hidden meaning in every line. These works are the embodiment of tenderness, light and beauty. Therefore, it is not surprising that it is written in light and melodic iambic tetrameter, to which Pushkin resorted quite often in those cases when he wanted to give his poems special sophistication and lightness. Even in the contrasting description of bad weather, which is intended to emphasize the freshness and brightness of a sunny winter morning, there is no usual concentration of colors: a snow storm is presented as a fleeting phenomenon that is not able to darken the expectations of a new day filled with majestic calm.
At the same time, the author himself never ceases to be amazed at such dramatic changes that occurred in just one night. It’s as if nature itself acted as a tamer of an insidious blizzard, forcing her to change her anger to mercy and, thereby, giving people an amazingly beautiful morning, filled with frosty freshness, the creaking of fluffy snow, the ringing silence of silent snowy plains and charm sun rays shimmering with all the colors of the rainbow in frosty window patterns.
