Analysis of Alexander Pushkin’s poem “Winter Road. Methodological development in literature (grade 9) on the topic: Analysis of poem A

Presumably, it was written under the impression of a trip from Pskov to Moscow, when the Emperor graciously allowed Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin to visit the capital in order to use the services of the capital’s doctors. This trip took place in November 1926, around the same time the poem was written.

In the first part of the poem there is an exposition - a night winter landscape, a lyrical hero - he, apparently, is the author, a supporting character - a coachman driving horses and singing a sad, mournful song.

« winter road“is an amazingly beautiful lyrical-epic work, which contains a description of a night winter road, a sky with rare clouds, through which the Moon sheds a sad light. In Pushkin's poetry, nature comes to life and turns from an exposition, that is, a description of the scene of action, into an active hero.

Through the wavy mists
The moon creeps in
To the sad meadows
She sheds a sad light.

The second part of the poem is a message to the mysterious Nina, who remains a mystery to the reader. From the address to Nina, the reader understands that the road ahead is long. Now the driver is tired of singing, has dozed off, and the horses are running on their own, more out of habit than those driven by the coachman.

The poet's soul is consoled by the thought of the meeting that will take place tomorrow, the opportunity to warm up by the fireplace, and the romantic night that he will spend with his sweetheart.

The poem consists of 7 four-line stanzas. The rhyme is cross, stressed endings are combined with unstressed endings. The rhythm of the stanza is a smooth trochee in four feet.

The charm of the night road is expressed in metaphors: wavy, sad, winter, boring. There is only one epithet in the poem, and it is used in lines written in an outdated style

Only miles are striped
They come across one.

Striped versts are mileposts painted in black and white color, and helping not to go astray. In the winter night landscape, everything sets the mood for sadness: the long song of the coachman, the deserted sad meadows, and the boring, deserted winter road.

Some literary critics try to see under the winter road life path poet. But in the poem itself there is not a hint of such a representation. The poet could spend the night at any post station and leave in the morning, but he is glad that he was allowed to enter the capital, he is in a hurry to meet people dear to his heart, and first of all, Nina. And in the poem he shares his impressions of the time spent on the road.

Through the wavy mists
The moon creeps in
To the sad meadows
She sheds a sad light.

On the winter, boring road
Three greyhounds are running,
Single bell
It rattles tiresomely.

Something sounds familiar
In the coachman's long songs:
That reckless revelry
That's heartbreak...

No fire, no black house,
Wilderness and snow... Towards me
Only miles are striped
They come across one...

Bored, sad... Tomorrow, Nina,
Returning to my dear tomorrow,
I'll forget myself by the fireplace,
I'll take a look without looking at it.

The hour hand sounds loud
He will make his measuring circle,
And, removing the annoying ones,
Midnight will not separate us.

It’s sad, Nina: my path is boring,
My driver fell silent from his doze,
The bell is monotonous,
The moon's face is clouded.

Analysis of the poem “Winter Road” by Pushkin

A. S. Pushkin was one of the first among Russian poets to successfully combine landscape lyrics with personal feelings and experiences in his works. An example of this is famous poem"Winter Road". It was written by the poet during a trip to the Pskov province (late 1826).

The poet was recently released from exile, so he is in a sad mood. Many former acquaintances turned their backs on him; his freedom-loving poems are not popular in society. In addition, Pushkin is experiencing significant financial difficulties. The nature surrounding the poet also makes me sad. The author is not at all happy about the winter trip, even the usually cheerful and encouraging “bell... rattles tiresomely.” The coachman's mournful songs exacerbate the poet's sadness. They represent a purely Russian original combination of “daring revelry” with “heartfelt melancholy.”

The endless Russian versts, marked by waypoints, are tiresomely monotonous. It seems that they can last a lifetime. The poet feels the immensity of his country, but this does not bring him joy. A weak light seems to be the only salvation in the impenetrable darkness.

The author indulges in dreams of the end of the journey. The image of the mysterious Nina appears, to whom he goes. Researchers have not come to a consensus about whom Pushkin means. Some believe that this is a distant acquaintance of the poet S. Pushkin, with whom he was associated love relationship. In any case, the author is warmed by the memories of the woman. He imagines a hot fireplace, an intimate setting and privacy with his beloved.

Returning to reality, the poet sadly notes that the boring road tired even the coachman, who fell asleep and left his master completely alone.

In a sense, Pushkin’s “winter road” can be compared with his own fate. The poet acutely felt his loneliness; he found practically no support or sympathy for his views. The desire for high ideals is an eternal movement across the vast Russian expanses. Temporary stops along the way can be considered numerous love stories of Pushkin. They were never long, and the poet was forced to continue his tedious journey in search of the ideal.

In a broader sense, the poem symbolizes the general historical path of Russia. Russian troika - traditional image domestic literature. Many poets and writers, following Pushkin, used it as a symbol of national destiny.

Pushkin's "Winter Road", the analysis of which is the subject of this review, has become one of the most iconic works in his work. Being lyrical and touching in content, it at the same time sums up his life and work. The work is interesting because it intertwines natural sketches, love themes, as well as a deep philosophical meaning that permeates the author’s internal monologue.

Story

The most remarkable example of Russian poetry is the poem “Winter Road” by Pushkin. The analysis of this work should begin with brief description conditions for its creation.

Alexander Sergeevich wrote it in 1826. It was a difficult time for the poet. Being in love with his distant relative Sofya Pushkina, he intended to marry her, but was refused. And this very sadness for lost love is reflected in the poem. In addition, at the same time he was worried better times in his creative biography.

Having established himself as a famous writer and poet, he nevertheless dreamed of greater fame. But in society he had an extremely ambiguous reputation as a freethinker. Also, many were unkind to his lifestyle: the poet played a lot and squandered his small inheritance from his father. All these circumstances may have been the reason for Sophia’s refusal, who did not dare to go against public opinion, although, as is known, she felt sincere sympathy for the author.

Nature

The poem “Winter Road” by Pushkin, the analysis of which must be continued with characterization, is basically a sketch of a trip lyrical hero to your beloved. The work opens with a description of a dull, sad, endless picture that stretches in front of the traveler in an endless stripe, inducing melancholy and sad thoughts. The reader is faced with monotonous natural phenomena, characteristic of this time of year: fog, wide clearings, deserted distance, the moon, which illuminates everything around with its dim light. All these images are consonant with the inner hero, who is immersed in deep melancholy.

Love theme

One of the most poignant poems is “Winter Road” by Pushkin. The analysis should include a description state of mind author. He is sad, but at the same time he dreams of his beloved. Memories and thoughts about her support and console him during the long and boring journey. Paintings are contrasted with sad winter sketches home life and comfort. In his dreams, the poet imagines a fireplace with a hot fire, a warm room in which he wants to meet his bride. The repetition of her name sounds like a refrain in the poem, conveying the lyrical hero’s hope for quick happiness. At the same time, he seems to have a presentiment of refusal, and that is why his speech is so sad and at the same time heartfelt.

Philosophy

"Winter Road" by Pushkin - a poem that is included in school curriculum, since it combines the main motives of his work: themes of nature, love and reflections on life. The image of an endless road is also a symbolic image of his fate, which seems to him long and very sad. The only thing that brightens up the melancholy is the monotonous songs of the coachman, but they bring only temporary consolation. Likewise, in the life of a poet there are few happy moments that do not bring peace.

Pushkin’s poem “Winter Road,” a brief analysis of which should include an analysis of the author’s main idea, conveys the poet’s philosophical thoughts about life with amazing simplicity and spontaneity, and this is why it is especially interesting for understanding his work.

Meaning

This work, as mentioned above, combines the main features of the poet’s work. Perhaps, the only thing that was not mentioned was the theme of friendship, which occupies a prominent place in his works. Otherwise, the reader sees in a very condensed form everything that can be found on the pages of his larger works: a precise expressive style, a description of nature, reflections on fate, on lost love. Pushkin’s poem “Winter Road” is completely different from the works of other poets in its melody and richness of language.

Winter road analysis of the poem according to plan

1. History of creation. The poem "Winter Road" (1826) was written by A. S. Pushkin during a trip to the Pskov province. In the mysterious Nina, some researchers guess a distant relative of the poet - S. F. Pushkin. In the winter of 1826, Pushkin proposed to her, but was refused.

2. Genre of the work- landscape and philosophical lyrics.

3. Main topic poems - the depressed mood of the author. At this time, Pushkin was in the so-called. "home" link. Separated from his usual noisy society, the poet took his imprisonment hard.

The melancholy of loneliness was intensified by worries about the fate of the Decembrists. Even in relation to nature, Pushkin does not experience the usual admiration. Everything around him is depicted in black light. The sad and tiring road is already starting to irritate. The ringing of bells, which previously seemed cheerful, becomes boring with its monotony. An ordinary coachman's song leads the lyrical hero to philosophical reflections about the fate of Russia.

In these native tunes, he feels his blood connection with the common people, in whose souls “daring revelry” and “heartfelt melancholy” are surprisingly combined. This combination is possible only in the vast Russian expanses.

The road seems to be the unknown fate of Russia. For a long time, the traveler does not encounter any traces of life (“wilderness and snow”). Only mile markers remind us of human activity. The lyrical hero tries to drown out his melancholy with dreams of a long-awaited meeting with Nina. He anticipates joy at the end of the endless journey. A monotonous journey tires even a coachman who is used to everything. He falls silent, and the lyrical hero is left completely alone.

4. Composition of the work ring. The first four stanzas describe the trip and the surrounding landscape; the fifth and sixth are dedicated to the future return to the beloved woman; The last stanza is very close in meaning to the first due to the repetition of the mention of the sad moonlight.

5. The size of the poem is trochaic tetrameter with cross rhyme.

6. Expressive means . The depressed state of the lyrical hero is emphasized by the repeated repetition of the same root epithets ("sad", "boring", "monotonous") and adverbs ("sad", "boring", "sad"). The work “comes to life” thanks to personifications: “the moon is creeping through,” “it’s pouring,” “midnight... will not separate.” The poem is based on the contrast of the author’s monotonous impressions with thoughts about meeting his beloved.

7. Main idea works. A. S. Pushkin faced many trials. Finding new strength in himself, the poet emerged with dignity from any troubles and difficulties. The poem “Winter Road” seems very pessimistic, but the main thing in it is still the optimism of the author, looking hopefully into the future.

(Illustration: Sona Adalyan)

Analysis of the poem "Winter Road"

Having just read the first four lines of the poem “Winter Road” by A. S. Pushkin, you are literally transported to quiet, dull, winter fields. You immediately understand that this is one of those works of the poet that evokes a lyrical and at the same time romantic mood. Apparently, the author is not at all in high spirits; both “sad moon” and “sad fields” agree with him. They are sad because they are alone, because there is still so long until spring, which means now they just have to wait.

The only thing that relieves the silence is the bell, which even “rattles tiresomely,” and the coachman’s song, which brings back memories. As soon as he starts talking about “daring revelry,” the author remembers his cheerful past days, and this makes it even sadder that they are behind him. Then the coachman’s song “heartbreak” will sound and immediately all the most painful things come to mind, and this makes the heart tear into pieces.

The main thing that the poet wanted to convey was the sadness and boredom that awaits any traveler on the winter road. Nature is sleeping, there is silence all around, not a soul around, this makes it even a little creepy. After all, there are no houses around, no lights that would indicate the presence of a person. Gloomy thoughts swarm in my head, it’s cold. One joy is the reward at the end of the journey: sitting by the fireplace with a person dear to your heart. This gives strength, the desire to move on, to expect...

In the meantime, there is silence, sadness and melancholy, white surface and only the bell rings. Even the coachman, tired of the songs, dozed off and seemed to merge with the silent and ominous winter nature. It seems that the silence of the moon and the fields transferred to him. And only pillars rush past, which, although they look sad, at the same time say that the path is getting shorter, final goal is approaching. Only the more often they flash, the more endless the winter road seems.