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Draw an approximate trajectory of the point with the marked paint. Experimental task

  • Mechanical motion is a change over time in the position of a body in space relative to other bodies. Mechanical motion is relative.
  • The line along which the body moves is called the trajectory of motion.
  • The length of the trajectory is called the path traversed by the body.
  • The system of the world proposed by Copernicus, in which the Earth and other planets move around the Sun, is called the heliocentric system of the world.

Questions and tasks

    First level

  1. Give your own examples illustrating the relativity of motion.
  2. What is the trajectory of a body? Draw approximate trajectories of motion of several bodies.
  3. What kind of motion is called rectilinear? curvilinear? Give some examples of movement along straight and curved trajectories.
  4. What is a path?
  5. A man walked 5 km. Was the trajectory of its movement rectilinear or curvilinear if the distance from the starting point of its trajectory to the final point is 3 km?
  6. The car drove twice along a 100 km long ring road. What is the distance traveled by the car?

    Second level

  7. Give examples showing that the trajectory of a body’s movement depends on the body in relation to which the movement of this body is considered.
  8. Draw an approximate trajectory of the point marked with paint on the wheel tire of a riding bicycle: a) relative to the cyclist; b) regarding a person standing by the road.
  9. Will the trajectory of a student who left home and returned home be closed if we consider his movement relative to the plane, which during this time flew from Moscow to Kazan?
  10. Under what condition will the trajectory of a ship traveling around the world be closed not only relative to the Earth, but also relative to the Sun?
  11. The tourist walked 3 km north, turned right and walked another 4 km. Draw the tourist’s trajectory in a notebook on a scale of 1 km by 1 cm. Find the distance traveled by the tourist and the distance from the starting point of his trajectory to the final point.
  12. Make up a problem about the trajectory of a body, the answer to which would be: “Relative to the Earth, it is open, but relative to the carriage, it is closed.”

Home laboratory

Holding the pencil motionless relative to the table, pull out a sheet of paper from under the pencil so that a trace of the pencil remains on the sheet. Is this trace the trajectory of the end of the pencil? If yes, then when moving relative to which body?


Oleg Fedorovich Kabardin (1933–2011) is the author of a nationally known reference book on physics, one of the authors and scientific (title) editors of a physics course for in-depth study (grades 10–11). Wrote a new physics course for primary school, which became the basis of the “Archimedes” line of educational teaching and learning in physics. This course is one of the most interesting and promising on the educational literature market today.




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CoversCoverCoverCover Experimental task “A cyclist moves along a horizontal straight road. Draw the trajectory of point A, marked on the bicycle wheel, with respect to: “A cyclist moves along a horizontal straight road. Draw the trajectory of movement of point A, marked on the bicycle wheel, relative to: a beetle sitting on the axis of the wheel; a beetle sitting on a wheel axle; an ant sitting at point B on the wheel; an ant sitting at point B on the wheel; a person standing on the side of the road." a person standing on the side of the road."














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