Can there be a one-sided sore throat? Unilateral sore throat and its treatment

Sore throat is an extremely unpleasant disease that people try to avoid. It is often severe and can cause complications, sometimes becoming chronic. It is especially dangerous in the cold season.

In most cases, the causative agents of this disease are streptococci and staphylococcus; the first type of pathogenic bacteria is much more dangerous - it is thanks to them that the further development of the disease occurs.

Tonsillitis can also be caused by ordinary viruses; in such cases, treatment will not require much time and financial costs. The remaining forms are treated only with medications; as a rule, this process does not take more than ten days.

One of the most dangerous forms of this disease is unilateral tonsillitis. Even now it is difficult to eliminate, most conventional antibiotics do not work on it.

Reasons for the development of unilateral tonsillitis

The occurrence of such a disease can be caused by various factors; it is almost impossible to contract one-sided sore throat from another person.

Most often, the occurrence of this disease is not associated with bacteria that enter the human body from the environment.

The main factors causing unilateral tonsillitis:

Medical reasons. Various bacterial infections introduced into the body can develop into a one-sided sore throat. Almost always, when fighting an infection, the lymph nodes are directly involved in this process.
They usually swell and become too sensitive and can transmit infection to the tonsils. When the infection affects only one of them, it is called unilateral tonsillitis.

Dental problems. Poor oral health can also lead to this disease. With caries, many bacteria develop that can cause serious harm during illness and weakening of the body.

Inflammation can also be caused by improper dental treatment, for example, when tooth fragments get into the throat. Only a highly qualified dentist can correct the situation; usually the symptoms subside a couple of days after the irritant is eliminated.

Nodular laryngitis. In people who earn money with their voice, new tissue may grow on the vocal cords for a long time.

These formations are called nodules; they do not pose a serious danger, but in some cases they develop into a one-sided sore throat. Relief can come from temporarily giving up singing and constant use of the voice.

This method has a positive effect only at the onset of the disease, which, if ignored, can develop into a chronic one.

Abscesses. A severe complication caused by the development of bacterial infections. Millions of bacteria accumulating on the tonsils can cause them to swell.

With an abscess, a person may develop a high fever; this form of tonsillitis can only be treated with antibiotics. In some cases, the tonsils have to be removed altogether.
External stimuli. Irritation of the mucous membrane can be caused by particles and bacteria in the air. Smoking in unfavorable places, inhaling chemical fumes - you should beware of all this.

Symptoms

Unilateral sore throat manifests itself as a common cold. It all starts with a fever and a sore throat. The following may also occur:

• Acute pain in the larynx; eating may be difficult;
• A white-yellow coating or ulcers form on the tonsils, swelling of the tonsils on one side is possible;
• There is general weakness and lack of appetite. In rare cases, nausea and vomiting may occur;
• Extremely high temperature.

Examination by a doctor

Determining what type of tonsillitis a person suffers from can be very difficult. Diagnosis is usually carried out in two ways. The first of these is a visual examination by a doctor.
An experienced doctor can make a diagnosis by looking and examining the patient's throat. If there is no doubt, then certain medications are prescribed.

The second method is laboratory diagnostics. It is used to confirm or refute the diagnosis in cases where the recommended treatment does not bring a positive result.

Treatment

Basically, unilateral sore throat is treated with antimicrobial drugs. Only they help get rid of the bacteria that provoke this disease. In order to quickly get rid of the disease, you must strictly follow all the recommendations of a specialist.
It takes a certain amount of time to take the medications; you should not interrupt the course when it seems that the disease is receding. Additional methods in the fight against tonsillitis:

• Rinsing the mouth. Should be repeated every 2 hours;
• Spraying with special aerosols;
• Maintaining bed rest. The body needs complete rest to quickly cope with the infection. It is recommended to walk around the apartment and do household chores as little as possible;
• Compliance with the diet. It is recommended to eat dairy products, eggs, buckwheat and semolina porridge, meat and fish broths with a high salt content - it helps reduce pain when swallowing;
• Taking vitamin complexes to help restore immunity.

In rare cases, treatment of sore throat requires hospitalization.

Prevention of unilateral sore throat

It is impossible to completely protect yourself from this disease, but by increasing your immunity you can significantly reduce the risk. Pouring water will help strengthen the body and make it more resistant to various infections.
You also need to eat right to get the necessary minerals and vitamins. Once a week you can gargle with saline solutions, they should.

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Particular attention should be paid to the oral cavity and visit the dentist regularly.

For effective treatment, it is necessary to determine the nature of the disease at an early stage. There are such types of sore throat as:

1. Catarrhal. It is recognized as the mildest form of the disease. The only symptoms are enlarged red tonsils, but there is no plaque on them.


2. Follicular. It appears as small, pinpoint plaque on the tonsils.


3. Lacunarnaya. It is recognized as the most severe sore throat. The depressions in the tonsils with lacunar tonsils are filled with pus.


4. Doctors also distinguish between unilateral tonsillitis, in which one tonsil is affected by inflammation, and bilateral, when both tonsils are affected.

Sore throat can be caused by a virus or bacteria, and the external manifestations are almost the same. For proper treatment, it is necessary to determine the source of infection through the throat.

Treatment of sore throat

First of all, bed rest is necessary. In most cases, sore throat goes away on its own, and medications are designed to combat the symptoms of the disease. Doctors advise gargling with water with soda, salt and iodine at least once an hour, drinking a lot of warm water and taking painkillers and lozenges with an antiseptic effect. However, if the source of the sore throat is streptococcus, it is necessary to undergo a course of antibiotic treatment to avoid complications.

Complications

With angina, one of the most serious complications is local destruction of the tonsils. This is dangerous because the tonsils may cease to perform the functions of protecting the immune system, and bacteria will enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. In severe cases, doctors advise cutting out the affected tonsils.

There are many factors that can cause one-sided sore throat, including abscesses in the throat or tonsils, swollen glands, and infected lymph nodes. Excessive strain on the vocal cords, through shouting, singing, or even talking, can also cause problems. In some cases, dental problems such as an unerupted tooth may also be associated with a unilateral sore throat, as may environmental factors such as exposure to irritating chemicals.

Medical reasons

Bacterial infections, such as streptococcal infections, can result in a one-sided sore throat. When bacteria infect the throat, it can cause tissue swelling and a scratchy or sore feeling. An infection in other parts of the head, such as an infection in one ear or sinus, can also result in a one-sided sore throat. Ear infections can irritate the nerves connecting the ear and throat, causing discomfort in both areas. Mucus can move from the sinuses into the throat if the patient has a sinus infection, causing one-sided irritation.

The glands and lymph nodes around the throat may become swollen as the body fights infection. Many people experience swollen or tender lymph nodes on one or both sides of the neck when they are weakened by a cold or flu. While this is a natural, common reaction to the development of the disease, it can cause pain on one side and difficulty swallowing.

Peritonsillar abscess is a rare condition in which a bacterial infection develops in one tonsil, usually as a complication of the more common disease tonsillitis. As colonies of bacteria grow, they cause swelling and accumulation of pus in the tonsil, which can lead to severe discomfort on one side. A person with a peritonsillar abscess may have trouble swallowing and a high fever. This condition is often treated with antibiotics, but may require drainage or removal of the tonsils.

Sore throats caused by minor bacterial and viral infections, such as a runny nose, usually go away on their own. If the infection gets worse or lasts for several weeks, antibiotics or antiviral medications may become necessary. Typically, once drug therapy begins to work, the sore throat and other symptoms disappear.

Nodular laryngitis

People who overuse their vocal cords may occasionally develop unilateral sore throat. Talking loudly or singing for long periods of time can sometimes cause small tissue growths on the vocal cords, called nodules. While these nodules are not cancerous and are not recognized as dangerous, they can lead to chronic sore throat and other symptoms such as dysphonia (loss of voice). Singers, actors, and other people who perform loudly for long periods of time are the most common victims of this condition.

Sometimes remaining completely silent for a few weeks can allow the pain to subside and allow laryngitis nodosa to heal. When absolutely necessary for performers this often means giving up singing or using speech only for several weeks. In some serious cases, surgery to remove the nodules may be the only option to completely cure the condition.

Dental reasons

Some people may experience an itchy or sore throat after visiting the dentist. Sometimes, this is caused by breathing through the mouth throughout the procedure. Tiny particles from teeth drilling can also cause a temporary sore throat and pain on one or both sides. For the most part, a sore throat caused by a visit to the dentist subsides after a few hours; if it persists for several days, it may be a symptom of infection.

Certain dental conditions, such as difficulty with teeth cutting through the gums, can also lead to swelling and pain in the mouth and one side of the throat. If an emerging tooth is causing irritation, removing it may be the only way to get complete relief. Even though this can be an unpleasant procedure, getting a tooth removed quickly can help stop symptoms and prevent serious infections from developing in the throat and mouth.

Environmental factors

Irritants present in the air can accidentally become responsible for a sore throat. People with severe allergies may be more prone to inflammation of the respiratory system, and may experience pain on one or both sides. Active or passive smoking can also irritate the epithelium of the throat and may cause discomfort. Avoiding exposure to these chemicals may be a key method in reducing symptoms.

Relief of pain and discomfort

While treating the underlying cause of a unilateral sore throat will usually provide long-term relief, there are also methods to temporarily relieve a sore throat. Some good home remedies include drinking warm tea with honey or sucking on lozenges. Alternative medicine practitioners often recommend taking calming herbal remedies such as slippery elm and chamomile. For pain that is associated with a cold or bronchitis, certain over-the-counter cold medications may help reduce symptoms. If a one-sided sore throat lasts for several days, suddenly gets worse, or occurs with a high fever or vomiting, people should see a doctor.

Symptoms of sore throat in children are more severe, often with high fever and intoxication. The disease can develop into another, more severe form (follicular, lacunar). Catarrhal tonsillitis differs from acute catarrh of the upper respiratory tract, influenza, acute and chronic pharyngitis by the predominant localization of inflammatory changes in the area of ​​the tonsils and palatine arches. Although catarrhal tonsillitis, compared with other clinical forms of the disease, has a relatively mild course, it must be taken into account that severe complications can also develop after catarrhal tonsillitis. The duration of the disease is usually 5-7 days.

Symptoms of follicular sore throat

A more severe form of inflammation, involving not only the mucous membrane, but also the follicles themselves. Symptoms of sore throat begin acutely, with a rise in temperature to 38-39 C. A severe sore throat appears, sharply intensifying when swallowing, and it is often possible to radiate to the ear. Intoxication, headache, weakness, fever, chills, sometimes pain in the lower back and joints are expressed. Children often vomit when the temperature rises, meningism may appear, and confusion is possible.

In children, symptoms of tonsillitis usually occur with severe symptoms of intoxication, accompanied by drowsiness, vomiting and sometimes convulsions. The disease has a pronounced course with an increase in symptoms during the first two days. The child refuses to eat, and infants show signs of dehydration. On the 3-4th day of the disease, the child’s condition improves somewhat, the surface of the tonsils clears, but the sore throat persists for another 2-3 days.

The duration of the disease is usually 7-10 days, sometimes up to two weeks, while the end of the disease is recorded by the normalization of the main local and general indicators: pharyngoscopy picture, thermometry, blood and urine parameters, as well as the patient’s well-being.

Lacunar tonsillitis is characterized by a more pronounced clinical picture with the development of a purulent-inflammatory process at the mouths of the lacunae with further spread to the surface of the tonsil. The onset of the disease and clinical course are almost the same as with follicular tonsillitis, but lacunar tonsillitis is more severe. The phenomena of intoxication come to the fore.

Simultaneously with an increase in temperature, a sore throat appears, with hyperemia, infiltration and swelling of the palatine tonsils and with pronounced infiltration of the soft palate, speech becomes slurred, with a nasal tinge. Regional lymph nodes enlarge and become painful on palpation, which causes pain when turning the head. The tongue is coated, appetite is reduced, patients feel an unpleasant taste in the mouth, and there is bad breath.

The duration of the disease is up to 10 days, with a protracted course of up to two weeks, taking into account the normalization of functional and laboratory indicators.

Symptoms of phlegmonous sore throat

Intratonsillar abscess is observed extremely rarely; it is an isolated abscess in the thickness of the tonsil. The cause is represented by injury to the tonsil by various small foreign objects, usually of a nutritional nature. The lesion is usually unilateral. The tonsil is enlarged in size, its tissues are tense, the surface may be hyperemic, and palpation of the tonsil is painful. In contrast to peritonsillar abscess, with intratonsillar abscess the general symptoms are sometimes mild. Intratonsillar abscess should be differentiated from the often observed small superficial retention cysts, visible through the epithelium of the tonsils in the form of yellowish round formations. The inner surface of such a cyst is lined with crypt epithelium. Even with suppuration, these cysts can remain asymptomatic for a long time and are detected only during a random examination of the pharynx.

Symptoms of atypical sore throats

The group of atypical tonsillitis includes relatively rare forms, which in some cases complicates their diagnosis. Pathogens - viruses, fungi, symbiosis of spindle-shaped rods and spirochetes. It is important to take into account the peculiarities of the clinic and diagnosis of the disease, because verification of the pathogen by laboratory methods is not always possible when the patient first contacts the doctor; the result can usually be obtained only after a few days. At the same time, the prescription of etiotropic therapy for these forms of angina is determined by the nature of the pathogen and its sensitivity to various drugs, therefore an adequate assessment of the characteristics of local and general reactions of the body in these forms of angina is especially important.

Symptoms of sore throat of an ulcerative-necrotic nature

Ulcerative-membranous, Simanovsky Plaut-Vincent's tonsillitis, fusospirochetous tonsillitis is caused by the symbiosis of the fusiform bacillus (Bac. fusiformis) and the spirochete of the oral cavity (Spirochaeta buccalis). In normal times, the disease occurs sporadically, has a relatively favorable course and is slightly contagious. However, during the years of social upheaval, with insufficient nutrition and deteriorating hygienic living conditions of people, there is a significant increase in morbidity and the severity of the disease increases. Among the local predisposing factors, insufficient oral care, the presence of carious teeth, and mouth breathing, which contributes to drying of the oral mucosa, are important.

Often the disease is manifested by the only symptom of angina - a feeling of awkwardness, a foreign body when swallowing. Often the reason for visiting a doctor is only a complaint about an unpleasant putrid odor from the mouth (moderate salivation). Only in rare cases does the disease begin with fever and chills. Usually, despite pronounced local changes (plaques, necrosis, ulcers), the patient’s general condition suffers little, the temperature is subfebrile or normal.

Usually one tonsil is affected; a bilateral process is extremely rare. Usually, pain when swallowing is insignificant or completely absent; attention is drawn to the unpleasant putrid odor from the mouth. Regional lymph nodes are moderately enlarged and slightly painful on palpation.

The dissociation is noteworthy: pronounced necrotic changes and the insignificance of general symptoms of angina (absence of pronounced signs of intoxication, normal or low-grade temperature) and reactions of the lymph nodes. Due to its relatively favorable course, this disease is an exception among other ulcerative processes of the pharynx.

However, without treatment, ulceration usually progresses and within 2-3 weeks can spread to most of the surface of the tonsil and extend beyond its limits - to the arches, less often to other parts of the pharynx. As the process spreads deeper, erosive bleeding, perforation of the hard palate, and gum destruction can develop. The addition of a coccal infection can change the overall clinical picture: a general reaction characteristic of sore throat caused by pyogenic pathogens and a local reaction appear - hyperemia near the ulcers, severe pain when swallowing, salivation, putrid odor from the mouth.

Symptoms of viral sore throats

They are divided into adenoviral (the causative agent is often adenoviruses 3, 4, 7 in adults and types 1, 2 and 5 in children), influenza (the causative agent is the influenza virus) and herpetic. The first two types of viral tonsillitis are usually combined with damage to the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract and are accompanied by respiratory symptoms (cough, rhinitis, hoarseness), sometimes conjunctivitis and stomatitis are observed. diarrhea.

More often than other types, herpetic tonsillitis is observed, which is also referred to as vesicular (vesicular, vesicular-ulcerative). Pathogens: Coxsackievirus types A9, B1-5, ECHO virus, human herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, enteroviruses, picornavirus (the causative agent of foot-and-mouth disease). In summer and autumn it can be epidemic in nature, and in the rest of the year it usually appears sporadically. The disease is more often observed in young children.

The disease is highly contagious and is transmitted by airborne droplets and rarely by fecal-oral routes. The incubation period is from 2 to 5 days, rarely 2 weeks. Symptoms of sore throat are characterized by acute phenomena, an increase in temperature to 39-40 C, difficulty swallowing, sore throat, headache and muscle pain, sometimes vomiting and diarrhea. In rare cases, especially in children, serous meningitis may develop. Along with the disappearance of the vesicles, usually by the 3-4th day, the temperature normalizes, the enlargement and pain of the regional lymph nodes decreases.

Often the symptoms of a sore throat are one of the manifestations of an acute infectious disease. Changes in the pharynx are nonspecific and can be of a varied nature: from catarrhal to necrotic and even gangrenous, therefore, when a sore throat develops, you should always remember that it may be the initial symptom of any acute infectious disease.

Symptoms of sore throat with diphtheria

Diphtheria of the pharynx is observed in 70-90% of all cases of diphtheria. It is generally accepted that this disease occurs more often in children, but the increase in the incidence of diphtheria observed in the last two decades in Ukraine is mainly due to unimmunized adults. Children in the first years of life and adults over 40 years of age are seriously ill. The disease is caused by the diphtheria bacillus - a bacillus of the genus Corynebacterium diphtheriae, its most virulent biotypes, such as gravis and intermedius.

The source of infection is a patient with diphtheria or a carrier of toxigenic strains of the pathogen. After suffering from the disease, convalescents continue to excrete diphtheria bacilli, but in most of them the carriage ceases within 3 weeks. The release of convalescents from diphtheria bacteria can be hampered by the presence of chronic foci of infection in the upper respiratory tract and a decrease in the body’s overall resistance.

Based on the prevalence of the pathological process, localized and widespread forms of diphtheria are distinguished; according to the nature of local changes in the pharynx, catarrhal, island, membranous and hemorrhagic forms are distinguished; depending on the severity of the course - toxic and hypertoxic.

The incubation period lasts from 2 to 7, rarely up to 10 days. In mild forms of diphtheria, local symptoms predominate, and the disease proceeds as a sore throat. In severe forms, along with local symptoms of sore throat, signs of intoxication quickly develop due to the formation of a significant amount of toxin and its massive entry into the blood and lymph. Mild forms of diphtheria are usually observed in vaccinated people, severe forms - in people who lack immune protection.

In the catarrhal form, local symptoms of sore throat are manifested by mild hyperemia with a cyanotic tint, moderate swelling of the tonsils and palatine arches. There are no symptoms of intoxication in this form of pharyngeal diphtheria, the body temperature is normal or subfebrile. The reaction of regional lymph nodes is not pronounced. Diagnosis of the catarrhal form of diphtheria is difficult, since there is no characteristic sign of diphtheria - fibrinous deposits. Recognition of this form is possible only through bacteriological examination. With the catarrhal form, recovery may occur on its own, but after 2-3 weeks isolated paresis appears, usually of the soft palate, and mildly expressed cardiovascular disorders. Such patients are dangerous from an epidemiological point of view.

The island form of diphtheria is characterized by the appearance of single or multiple islands of fibrinous deposits of grayish-white color on the surface of the tonsils outside the lacunae.

Plaques with characteristic hyperemia of the mucous membrane around them persist for 2-5 days. Subjective sensations in the throat are mild, regional lymph nodes are slightly painful. The temperature of the gel is up to 37-38 C, headache, weakness, and malaise may be noted.

The membranous form is accompanied by deeper damage to the tonsil tissue. The palatine tonsils are enlarged, hyperemic, and moderately edematous. On their surface, continuous deposits form in the form of films with a characteristic bordering zone of hyperemia around. At first, the plaque may look like a translucent pink film or a cobweb-like mesh. Gradually, the delicate film is saturated with fibrin and by the end of the first (beginning of the second) day it becomes dense, whitish-gray in color with a pearlescent sheen. At first, the film comes off easily, later the necrosis becomes deeper and deeper, the plaque turns out to be tightly fused to the epithelium with fibrin threads, and is difficult to remove, leaving an ulcerative defect and a bleeding surface.

The toxic form of pharyngeal diphtheria is a rather severe lesion. The onset of the disease is usually acute; the patient can name the hour when it occurred.

Characteristic symptoms of sore throat allow one to identify the toxic form of diphtheria even before the appearance of characteristic swelling of the subcutaneous fatty tissue of the neck: severe intoxication, swelling of the pharynx, reaction of regional lymph nodes, pain syndrome.

Severe intoxication is manifested by an increase in body temperature to 39-48 C and remaining at this level for more than 5 days, headache, chills, severe weakness, and anorexia. pallor of the skin, adynamia. The patient notes pain when swallowing, drooling, difficulty breathing, sickly sweet breath, open nasal sound. The pulse is frequent, weak, arrhythmic.

Edema of the pharynx begins from the tonsils, spreads to the arches, uvula of the soft palate, soft and hard palate, and paratonsillar space. The swelling is diffuse, without sharp boundaries or bulges. The mucous membrane over the edema is intensely hyperemic, with a cyanotic tint. On the surface of enlarged tonsils and swollen palate, you can see a grayish web or a jelly-like translucent film. Plaques spread to the palate, the root of the tongue, and the mucous membrane of the cheeks. Regional lymph nodes are enlarged, dense, painful. If they reach the size of a chicken egg, this indicates a hypertoxic form. Hypertoxic fulminant diphtheria is the most severe form, usually developing in patients over 40 years of age. representatives of the “non-immune” contingent. It is characterized by a rapid onset with a rapid increase in severe signs of intoxication: high fever, repeated vomiting, impaired consciousness, delirium, hemodynamic disorders such as collapse. At the same time, significant swelling of the soft tissues of the pharynx and neck develops with the development of pharyngeal stenosis. There is a forced position of the body, trismus, rapidly growing gelatinous edema of the pharyngeal mucosa with a clear demarcation zone separating it from the surrounding tissues.

Complications of diphtheria are associated with the specific action of the toxin. The most dangerous are complications from the cardiovascular system, which can occur with all forms of diphtheria, but more often with toxic ones, especially degrees II to III. The second place in frequency is occupied by peripheral paralysis, which usually has the character of polyneuritis. They can also occur in abortive cases of diphtheria, their frequency is 8-10%. The most common paralysis of the soft palate is associated with damage to the pharyngeal branches of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. In this case, speech takes on a nasal, nasal tone, liquid food enters the nose. the velum palatine hangs sluggishly, motionless during phonation. Less common are paralysis of the muscles of the extremities (lower - 2 times more often), and even less often - paralysis of the abducens nerves, causing convergent strabismus. Lost functions are usually completely restored after 2-3 months, less often - after longer periods. In young children, and in severe cases in adults, a severe complication may be the development of laryngeal stenosis and asphyxia in diphtheria (true) croup.

Symptoms of sore throat with scarlet fever

It occurs as one of the manifestations of this acute infectious disease and is characterized by a feverish state, general intoxication, pinpoint rash and changes in the pharynx, which can vary from catarrhal to necrotizing tonsillitis. The causative agent of scarlet fever is toxigenic hemolytic streptococcus group A. Transmission of infection from a patient or a carrier of the bacilli occurs mainly by airborne droplets; children aged 2 to 7 years are most susceptible. The incubation period is 1-12 days, usually 2-7. The disease begins acutely with a rise in temperature, malaise, headache and sore throat when swallowing. With severe intoxication, repeated vomiting occurs.

Symptoms of a sore throat usually develop before the rash appears, often at the same time as vomiting. Sore throat with scarlet fever is a constant and typical symptom. It is characterized by bright hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the pharynx (“flaming pharynx”), spreading to the hard palate, where a clear boundary of the inflammation zone is sometimes observed against the background of the pale mucous membrane of the palate.

By the end of the first day (less often on the second day) of the disease, a bright pink or red pinpoint rash appears on the skin on a hyperemic background, accompanied by itching. It is especially abundant in the lower abdomen, on the buttocks, in the groin area, and on the inner surface of the limbs. The skin of the nose, lips, and chin remains pale, forming the so-called nasolabial triangle of Filatov. Depending on the severity of the disease, the rash lasts from 2-3 to 3-4 days or longer. By the 3-4th day, the tongue becomes bright red, with papillae protruding on the surface - the so-called crimson tongue. The palatine tonsils are swollen, covered with a grayish-dirty coating, which, unlike that in diphtheria, is not continuous and is easily removed. Plaques can spread to the palatine arches, soft palate, uvula, and floor of the mouth.

In rare cases, mainly in young children, the larynx is involved in the process. Developed swelling of the epiglottis and the outer ring of the larynx can lead to stenosis and require urgent tracheotomy. The necrotic process can lead to perforation of the soft palate and uvula defect. As a consequence of the necrotic process in the pharynx, bilateral necrotizing otitis and mastoiditis can be observed, especially in young children.

Recognizing scarlet fever in its typical course is not difficult: an acute onset, a significant increase in temperature, a rash with its characteristic appearance and location, a typical lesion of the pharynx with a reaction of the lymph nodes. With erased and atypical forms, an epidemic history is of great importance.

Symptoms of sore throat with measles

Measles is an acute, highly contagious infectious disease of viral etiology, occurring with intoxication, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and lymphadenoid pharyngeal ring, conjunctivitis, and maculopapular rash on the skin.

The infectious agent, the measles virus, spreads through airborne droplets. The patient is most dangerous to those around him during the catarrhal period of the disease and on the first day of the appearance of the rash. On the 3rd day of the appearance of the rash, the contagiousness decreases sharply, and after the 4th day the patient is considered non-infectious. Measles is classified as a childhood infection; it most often affects children aged 1 to 5 years; however, people of any age can get sick. The incubation period is 6-17 days (usually 10 days). During measles, three periods are distinguished: catarrhal (prodromal), periods of rashes and pigmentation. Based on the severity of the symptoms of the disease, primarily intoxication, they distinguish between mild, moderate and severe measles.

During the prodromal period, against the background of moderate fever, catarrhal symptoms develop in the upper respiratory tract (acute rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis), as well as signs of acute conjunctivitis. However, often the symptoms of angina appear in the lacunar form.

Initially, measles enanthema appears in the form of red spots of varying sizes on the mucous membrane of the hard palate, and then quickly spreads to the soft palate, arches, tonsil and posterior wall of the pharynx. Merging, these red spots cause diffuse hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the mouth and pharynx, reminiscent of the picture of banal tonsillopharyngitis.

A pathognomonic early sign of measles, observed 2-4 days before the onset of the rash, is represented by Filatov Koplik spots on the inner surface of the cheeks, in the area of ​​the parotid gland duct. These whitish spots 1-2 mm in size, surrounded by a red rim, appear in the amount of 10-20 pieces on the sharply hyperemic mucous membrane. They do not merge with each other (the mucous membrane appears as if sprinkled with drops of lime) and disappear after 2-3 days.

During the period of rashes, along with an increase in catarrhal phenomena from the upper respiratory tract, general hyperplasia of lymphadenoid tissue is observed: the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils swell, and there is an increase in the cervical lymph nodes. In some cases, mucopurulent plugs appear in the lacunae, which is accompanied by a new rise in temperature.

The period of pigmentation is characterized by a change in the color of the rash: it begins to darken and acquires a brown tint. First comes pigmentation on the face. then on the torso and limbs. The pigmented rash usually lasts 1-1.5 weeks, sometimes longer, then small pityriasis-like peeling is possible. Complications of measles are mainly associated with the addition of secondary microbial flora. The most common symptoms are laryngitis, laryngotracheitis, pneumonia, and otitis media. Otitis media appears to be the most common complication of measles; it usually occurs during the period of pigmentation. Catarrhal otitis is usually observed; purulent otitis is relatively rare, but there is a high probability of developing bone and soft tissue necrotic lesions of the middle ear and the process becoming chronic.

Symptoms of sore throat in blood diseases

Inflammatory changes in the tonsils and mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx (acute tonsillitis, tonsillitis symptoms, stomatitis, gingivitis, periodontitis) develop in 30-40% of hematological patients already in the early stages of the disease. In some patients, oropharyngeal lesions are the first signs of a disease of the blood system, and their timely recognition is important. The inflammatory process in the pharynx with blood diseases can occur in a very diverse manner - from catarrhal changes to ulcerative-necrotic ones. In any case, infection of the oral cavity and pharynx can significantly worsen the well-being and condition of hematological patients.

Symptoms of monocytic tonsillitis

Infectious mononucleosis, Filatov's disease, benign lymphoblastosis is an acute infectious disease observed mainly in children and young people, occurring with damage to the tonsils, polyadenitis, hepatosplenomegaly and characteristic blood changes. Most researchers currently recognize the Epstein-Barr virus as the causative agent of mononucleosis.

The source of infection is a sick person. Infection occurs by airborne droplets, the entrance gate is represented by the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract. The disease is classified as low-contagious; transmission of the pathogen occurs only through close contact. Sporadic cases are more common; family and group outbreaks are very rare. In people over 35-40 years of age, mononucleosis is extremely rare.

The duration of the incubation period is 4-28 days (usually 7-10 days). The disease usually begins acutely, although sometimes in the prodromal period there is malaise, sleep disturbance, and loss of appetite. Mononucleosis is characterized by a clinical triad of symptoms: fever, sore throat symptoms, adenosplenomegaly and hematological changes, such as leukocytosis with an increase in the number of atypical monocuclear cells (monocytes and lymphocytes). The temperature is usually about 38 C, rarely high, accompanied by moderate intoxication; An increase in temperature is usually observed within 6-10 days. The temperature curve can be wavy and recurrent.

Characteristic is the early identification of regional (occipital, cervical, submandibular) and then distant (axillary, inguinal, abdominal) lymph nodes. They are usually of a plastic consistency upon palpation, moderately painful, not welded together; Redness of the skin and other symptoms of periadenitis, as well as suppuration of the lymph nodes, are never noted. Simultaneously with the enlargement of the lymph nodes, an enlargement of the spleen and liver is observed on days 2-4 of the disease. Reverse development of enlarged lymph nodes of the liver and spleen usually occurs on the 12-14th day, towards the end of the febrile period.

An important and constant symptom of mononucleosis, which is usually focused on in diagnosis, is the occurrence of acute inflammatory changes in the pharynx, mainly from the palatine tonsils. Slight hyperemia of the pharyngeal mucosa and enlarged tonsils are observed in many patients from the first days of the disease. Monocytic tonsillitis can occur in the form of lacunar membranous, follicular, necrotic. The tonsils increase sharply and are large, uneven, tuberous formations that protrude into the pharyngeal cavity and, together with the enlarged lingual tonsil, make breathing through the mouth difficult. The dirty gray deposits remain on the tonsils for several weeks or even months. They can be located only on the palatine tonsils, but sometimes they spread to the arches, the back wall of the pharynx, the root of the tongue, the epiglottis, resembling the picture of diphtheria.

The most characteristic symptoms of infectious mononucleosis are represented by changes in the peripheral blood. At the height of the disease, moderate leukocytosis and significant changes in the blood count are observed (severe mononucleosis and neutropenia with the presence of a nuclear shift to the left). The number of monocytes and lymphocytes increases (sometimes up to 90%), plasma cells and atypical mononuclear cells appear, characterized by great polymorphism in size, shape and structure. These changes reach their maximum by the 6-10th day of the disease. During the recovery period, the content of atypical mononuclear cells gradually decreases, their polymorphism becomes less pronounced, plasma cells disappear; however, this process is very slow and sometimes drags on for months or even years.

Symptoms of sore throat with leukemia

Leukemia is a tumor disease of the blood with obligatory damage to the bone marrow and displacement of normal hematopoietic germs. The disease can be acute or chronic. In acute leukemia, the bulk of tumor cells are represented by poorly differentiated blasts; in chronic - consists mainly of mature forms of granulocytes or erythrocytes, lymphocytes or plasma cells. Acute leukemia is observed approximately 2-3 times more often than chronic leukemia.

Acute leukemia occurs under the guise of a severe infectious disease that mainly affects children and young people. Clinically, it causes necrotic and septic complications due to impaired phagocytic function of leukocytes, pronounced hemorrhagic diathesis, and severe progressive anemia. The disease is acute, with high fever.

Changes in the tonsils can occur both at the beginning of the disease and at later stages. In the initial period, against the background of catarrhal changes and swelling of the pharyngeal mucosa, simple hyperplasia of the tonsils is noted. At later stages, the disease becomes septic in nature, symptoms of tonsillitis develop, first lacunar, then ulcerative-necrotic. The surrounding tissues are involved in the process; necrosis can spread to the palatine arches, the back wall of the pharynx, and sometimes to the larynx. The incidence of pharyngeal lesions in acute leukemia ranges from 35 to 100% of patients. Hemorrhagic diathesis, also characteristic of acute leukemia, can also manifest itself in the form of petechial rashes on the skin, subcutaneous hemorrhages, and gastric bleeding. In the terminal phase of leukemia, necrosis often develops at the site of hemorrhages.

Changes in the blood are characterized by a high content of leukocytes (up to 100-200x10 9 /l). However, leukopenic forms of leukemia are also observed, when the number of leukocytes decreases to 1.0-3.0x10 9 /l. The most characteristic sign of leukemia is the predominance of undifferentiated cells in the peripheral blood - various types of blasts (hemohistioblasts, myeloblasts, lymphoblasts), constituting up to 95% of all cells. Changes are also noted in the red blood: the number of red blood cells progressively decreases to 1.0-2.0x10 12 / l and the hemoglobin concentration; The platelet count also decreases.

Chronic leukemia, unlike acute leukemia, is a slowly progressive disease prone to remission. The damage to the tonsils, mucous membrane of the oral cavity and pharynx is not so pronounced. It usually occurs in older people; men are affected more often than women. The diagnosis of chronic leukemia is based on the detection of high leukocytosis with a predominance of immature forms of leukocytes, a significant enlargement of the spleen in chronic myeloid leukemia and a generalized enlargement of the lymph nodes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

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Symptoms of sore throat with agranulocytosis

Agranulocytosis (agranulocytic tonsillitis, granulocytopenia, idiopathic or malignant leukopenia) is a systemic blood disease characterized by a sharp decrease in the number of leukocytes with the disappearance of granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils) and ulcerative necrotic lesions of the pharynx and tonsils. The disease occurs predominantly in adulthood; Women develop agranulocytosis more often than men. The agranulocytic reaction of hematopoiesis can be caused by various adverse effects (toxic, radiation, infectious, systemic damage to the hematopoietic apparatus).

Symptoms of tonsillitis are initially erythematous-erosive in nature, then quickly become ulcerative-necrotic. The process can spread to the soft palate, not limited to soft tissues and moving to the bone. Necrotic tissue disintegrates and is rejected, leaving deep defects. The process in the pharynx is accompanied by severe pain, difficulty swallowing, profuse salivation, and putrid odor from the mouth. The histological picture in the affected areas in the pharynx is characterized by the absence of an inflammatory reaction. Despite the presence of a rich bacterial flora, there is no leukocyte inflammatory reaction or suppuration in the lesion. When diagnosing granules of otsnosis and determining the prognosis of the disease, it is important to assess the condition of the bone marrow, revealed by puncture of the sternum.

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Pseudomembranous (non-diphtheritic, diphtheroid) tonsillitis

The etiological factor is pneumococcus or streptococcus, less often staphylococcus; is rare and is characterized by almost the same local and general symptoms as diphtheria of the pharynx. Streptococcus can be associated with Corynebacterium diphtheria, which causes the so-called streptodiphtheria, which is characterized by an extremely severe course.

The final diagnosis is established based on the results of bacteriological examination of throat smears. In treatment for diphtheroid forms of angina, in addition to what is described above for lacunar angina, it is advisable to include the use of anti-diphtheria serum before establishing a final bacteriological diagnosis.

Acute ulcerative amygdalitis

Moure's disease - a form of angina is characterized by an insidious onset without pronounced general phenomena with minor and sometimes vague pain when swallowing. Bacteriological examination reveals a variety of pathogenic microorganisms in symbiosis with nonspecific spirillosis microbiota. During pharyngoscopy, a necrotizing ulcer is detected on the upper pole of one of the palatine tonsils, while there are no parenchymal or catarrhal inflammatory phenomena in the tonsil itself. Regional lymph nodes are moderately enlarged, body temperature at the height of the disease rises to 38°C.

This form of angina is often easily confused at the initial stage of diagnosis with syphilitic chancre, in which, however, neither its characteristic signs nor massive regional adenopathy are observed, or with Simanovsky-Plaut-Vincent angina, in which, unlike the form under consideration, in A pharyngeal smear reveals fusosnirochilia microbiota. The disease lasts for 8-10 days and ends with spontaneous recovery.

Local treatment using rinsing with 3% solutions of boric acid or zinc chloride.

The appearance of painful sensations in the throat is not always associated with the penetration of viruses and bacteria. Sometimes dangerous diseases of the throat and pharynx are hidden under the guise of a common cold.

To find out the reason why a sore throat occurs (sometimes it is localized only on one side), it is necessary to take into account both the external signs of inflammation and the entire symptom complex of the disease.

Note! If a sore throat persists for more than 5 days and there are obvious problems during self-examination, it will be difficult to cope with the disease without an otolaryngologist, or it will become a lifelong (chronic) companion of the patient.

To approach the issue of treatment, you should consider some diseases in which patients complain of unilateral pain when swallowing, and only then move on to the tactics of drawing up a treatment plan.

Despite the same complaint, when the patient states that one side of the throat hurts when swallowing, the treatment can be radically different.

Diseases accompanied by sore throat

A sore throat is a symptom that signals that something is wrong in the body. An examination, patient complaints and additional diagnostics prescribed by a doctor will help you figure out what’s going on and make the correct diagnosis.

Colds, acute respiratory viral infections, acute respiratory infections, flu

These diseases are very similar to each other, but they also have a number of differences in symptoms. A cold is more harmless, the temperature does not always rise or stay within 36.8–37.3 degrees, and snot, coughing, sneezing, lacrimation, and headache are natural companions.

ARVI and acute respiratory infections have a brighter picture, the temperature rise reaches up to 38 degrees, sometimes a little higher. The general condition of the patient is worse than with a cold, and the symptoms are more pronounced: the throat is very hyperemic, it hurts when swallowing (initially there may be a lesion on one side), and after a day there are complaints about general soreness of the back wall.

The flu comes suddenly(in the morning there was no hint of illness), the temperature rises sharply to high numbers (more than 38.5 degrees), the patient develops general symptoms of intoxication: nausea, lack of appetite, weakness, muscle pain, chills, etc., but no runny nose. On the second day, a sore throat may occur, and the soreness will be bilateral at once, and a slight cough. With aggressive influenza, pneumonia develops on the third day.

Our doctor wrote a separate detailed article about the treatment of acute respiratory infections and its symptoms. We also recommend that you familiarize yourself with the most effective cold medications.

Infectious mononucleosis

The disease is viral in nature and occurs with dangerous symptoms. Possible generalized damage to the lymph nodes and spleen, liver, skin rash, headache, enlarged tonsils (painful to swallow on the right and left sides).

When differentiating mononucleosis from other viral infections, you should be tested to determine specific antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus.

Infectious mononucleosis - treatment and causes

Angina

The disease is caused by streptococcus, staphylococcus and, less commonly, other bacteria. With sore throat (acute tonsillitis), pain on one side of the throat can appear only in the first days of the disease, and later the process is bilateral, although the degree of damage to the tonsils can be different.

Upon examination, it is clear that on one side, for example, the right, the tonsil is larger in size and the purulent plaque occupies a wider space. Therefore, one-sided pain with angina is characteristic only at the beginning of the disease.

The cause of sore throat in children is often herpetic sore throat. You can read about its signs here.

A proven method of treating sore throat with sore throat

Pharyngitis

This disease is associated with inflammation of the pharynx. Patients often explain to the doctor that at first the throat hurt sharply on one side, and then the pain spread further. When examining the throat, there is obvious redness, the tonsils are not enlarged, the surface of the pharynx has infiltrates and granularity, and viscous transparent white mucus is visible. With complications, the mucus may acquire a yellowish-green color and have an unpleasant odor.

Patients often complain of dryness and sore throat. During sleep, patients sometimes wake up due to paroxysmal dry cough.

In acute pharyngitis, body temperature rises, but, as a rule, does not exceed 37.5 degrees. The general condition of the patient is not always disturbed; appetite and even performance are often preserved. Everything is individual, and depends on the pain syndrome and body temperature.

Important! When examining the throat, you can immediately distinguish pharyngitis from a sore throat. With angina, there will be purulent plaque on the tonsils, and with pharyngitis, there will be redness, swelling and granularity of the pharyngeal space.

Pharyngitis is often accompanied by a change (enlargement) of the cervical or submandibular lymph nodes. In the chronic course of the disease, pain in the throat is mild, often one-sided or affecting the entire back wall of the pharynx. The patient complains more about soreness and discomfort.

If you are worried about a sore throat and constantly want to cough, then read this article.

How to treat a sore throat with pharyngitis

Damage to the throat by chemical, thermal and mechanical means

Throat injuries can be caused by a variety of injuries. A person may mistakenly drink alkali, acid, or other particularly dangerous liquids that cause chemical burns. The cause of a sore throat is often thermal burns when boiling water gets into the throat, as well as injuries caused by sharp and piercing objects, such as a fish bone, or instruments during surgical operations in the oral cavity.

Chemical and thermal burns cause severe pain, the throat hurts on all sides, erosions appear, which can subsequently become infected. At the affected sites, scabs form, which, depending on the substance that caused the burn, are white, brown or yellow. Chemical burns to the pharynx can cause general intoxication, including kidney failure.

Sore throat due to burns depends on the degree of damage, and, as a rule, occupies the entire pharyngeal cavity; erosion on one side is observed only in mild cases.

At 1st degree After burn injuries, epithelization of the mucous membrane occurs on days 4–5. By this time, swelling and redness subsides. The pain when swallowing decreases and the burning sensation gradually disappears.

Second degree burns cause severe sore throat (rarely on one side). Scabs (crusts on the wound surface) appear and are torn off after about a week. The patient has a fever, and general intoxication of the body increases. On examination, bleeding wounds are visible.

In the third degree severe lesions of the mucous membrane are visible, occupying large surfaces and deep wounds. Healing takes a long time, often the wounds become infected, the throat is very sore (pain on one side is excluded), the patient has a fever. The phenomena of severe general intoxication are added, and the development of tracheobronchitis, laryngitis, bleeding and other pathologies is also possible.

The throat is often damaged by foreign objects, this phenomenon is especially observed in children, when a child, exploring the world around him, constantly puts into his mouth everything that comes to hand. These can be either harmless toys or any sharp or piercing objects.

Damage in adults occurs more often during eating. This could include stuck fish or meat bones, or other objects caught in the product, such as paper clips in sausages or baked goods.

With mechanical lesions, the throat most often hurts on one side, there is no temperature, and timely removal of a foreign object, as well as treatment of the injured area, as a rule, contribute to rapid epithelization of the mucosa.

Retropharyngeal abscess

With a retropharyngeal abscess (retropharyngeal abscess), suppuration occurs in the area of ​​the retropharyngeal space and lymph nodes. The disease is a complication of infectious diseases or trauma to the pharynx.

The patient complains of a sharp pain in the throat on one side (at the site of abscess formation), choking, and sometimes food is thrown into the nose. The disease can be complicated by shortness of breath, suffocation, high fever, and the head tilts to the side where the abscess is located.

Tumor processes in the throat

The complaint that one side of the throat hurts when swallowing sometimes occurs in the presence of a benign or malignant tumor. Benign tumors cause pain and difficulty swallowing when they are large (most often these are adenomas).

Malignant processes in the first stages of development rarely cause pain, and only when they reach stages 3–4 do they cause increasing pain, when it becomes painful for the patient to swallow on the left side of the throat or the right, and sometimes on both sides.

Symptoms of malignant tumors of the throat are varied and depend on the location of the tumor, its size, as well as damage to nearby tissues.

Thyroid cancer (outer pharynx)

After 1986, when there was an explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, many residents of Ukraine, Belarus and Russia were faced with this disease. It should be noted that today there remains a tendency towards an increase in the incidence of thyroid cancer.

With this pathology, a sore throat appears on one side or along the entire perimeter of the pharynx, painful swallowing and a feeling of a foreign object are observed. Later (as the size of the tumor increases), the patient breathes heavily, develops cough, shortness of breath, hoarseness, a feeling of a lump in the throat, and impaired swallowing movements.

Neurological syndrome

It happens that people suffer from neurological disorders in which phobias of various types appear, especially when the patient is afraid of getting throat cancer or another disease in this area. More often, this pathology affects impressionable people who, even when watching a television program on an oncological topic, find all the symptoms of the disease.

Such individuals begin to project the disease onto themselves, feeling completely sick. For example, if a patient with a sore throat is next to them, then within an hour such a person may feel a sore throat.

Also, against the background of stressful situations, spasms of the pharynx develop, when the patient begins to complain of a feeling of a lump, sore throat on one or both sides, difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, loss of voice, cough.

Read about how to treat a sore throat when you lose your voice here.

Sexual infections and sore throat

Gonorrhea of ​​the pharynx

Gonorrheal throat infections are caused by oral sex or the birth canal of a pregnant woman, who can pass the infection to the baby during childbirth. In children, as a rule, only the eyes can be affected, so in maternity hospitals, immediately after the birth of the baby, gonoblenorrhea is prevented by instilling antibacterial drops, for example, Tobrex.

As for oral sex, everything is very clear here. Gonococcus from the patient enters the oral cavity of the sexual partner, causing gonorrheal pharyngitis, tonsillitis, stomatitis, etc. Sore throat can be observed on one side or have a bilateral localization.

In general, the picture resembles a sore throat, and the symptom complex is almost identical to acute tonsillitis. To clarify the diagnosis, bacterial culture is performed from the affected areas of the pharynx.

Syphilis of the pharynx

Cause of the disease – a gram-negative spirochete (treponema pallidum), which is transmitted to humans from a patient with syphilis. With syphilis of the pharynx, the following symptoms are observed: enlargement of the tonsils, redness of the palatine arches, the appearance of syphilomas, enlargement of the lymph nodes up to 3 cm. Such phenomena are characteristic of the first stage of syphilis, and there is no particular pain in the throat.

At later stages, the so-called syphilitic sore throat develops, in which multiple small round rashes are noticeable. The mucous membrane of the throat is severely hyperemic. Subsequently, cyanosis of the soft palate and tubercles appear, which, when opened, turn into ulcers that have a hard bottom with a greasy coating.

The patient has a fever, complains of discomfort, difficulty swallowing and dry throat, salivation, and the throat sometimes hurts only on one side (with primary and secondary syphilis).

Treatment for sore throat

In the article, we examined the possible causes of unilateral sore throat. You don't need to be a doctor to understand that every disease requires its own approach to treatment.

Colds and viral throat diseases are treated by rinsing medicinal herbs, a solution of “salt + soda + iodine” (what proportions to use), antiseptic pharmaceutical solutions, tablets and lozenges.

For throat injuries Treatment is prescribed only by an ENT specialist. It can be either conservative or surgical.

Throat diseases caused by bacteria require antibiotics. Only an otolaryngologist-oncologist deals with tumor processes in the pharynx, due to the complex specific methods of treating cancer patients.

Neurological causes of pharynx disease need psychotherapy and special sedatives. Only by relieving tension and excitement from the central nervous system can the “throat” symptoms be eliminated.

Syphilis and gonorrhea of ​​the throat are the task of venereologists. Only suppression of the pathogen can cure the disease.

Conclusion

After reading this article, you should not look for symptoms of all the diseases presented. The purpose of our story is to familiarize people with possible diseases that can cause pain on one side of the throat. But, God forbid, if similar symptoms appear, the patient should immediately seek help from a doctor. Remember, even the most dangerous diseases are curable in the first stages. Be healthy and take care of yourself!

Attention! Only today!

Sore throat on one side

Discomfort in the larynx is an unusual and alarming sign for few people, especially when there are obvious signs of a cold. And even if the throat hurts on one side, many people do not pay attention to it and most often treat it in the same way as a regular sore throat, which is fundamentally wrong. After all, the occurrence of such pain can indicate various diseases.

Why does one side of my throat hurt?

Pain on one side may indicate that the infection is localized and the inflammatory process has spread only to a certain area. It is very important to determine what is causing it.

The main provoking factors may be:

• pharyngitis;
• tonsillitis;
• laryngitis;
• streptococci.

The localization of infection during tonsillitis can be manifested by the appearance of a yellow or white spot with pus on the surface of one tonsil, and with pharyngitis, swelling of the lymph nodes occurs.

Often the left side of the throat hurts due to streptococcal bacteria, which can cause a rash in the upper part of the mouth, white spots and streaks on the tonsils.

It often happens that the left side of the throat hurts, and the pain radiates to the ear. This may indicate the presence of otitis media, which requires complex and serious treatment.

If there is pain on only one side and nasal congestion, we can talk about unilateral sinusitis.

In case of such diseases, it is very important to gargle, drink plenty of fluids and, based on the cause of the disease, undergo a course of treatment with antibiotics.

Sore throat on the outside

It happens that pain occurs not from the inside, but from the outside. This can be caused by osteochondrosis or muscle spasm. For example, sensations are triggered by an uncomfortable posture during sleep or hypothermia on one side.

Please note that the right side of the throat hurts with the following diseases:

• meningitis;
• piggy;
• spinal canal stenosis;
• tuberculosis;
• tumor of the cervical vertebra;
• infectious diseases of the brain;
• retropharyngeal abscess;
• angina pectoris.

Sometimes the cause of such pain can be a banal draft, which caused pain or numbness as a result of muscle strain, but if the pain does not disappear for a long time, and general malaise appears, as well as an increase in temperature, then consultation with a specialist is necessary. If it is difficult to determine the diagnosis, doctors may prescribe an MRI of the cervical spine, as well as take blood for analysis to exclude the possibility of malignant formations.

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What to do if your throat hurts on the left side and it hurts to swallow

When your throat hurts on one side and it hurts to swallow, this may indicate the presence of a certain disease. The majority of people do not pay special attention to these signs and believe that this is a common cold, but this is not the case. In order to understand at least a little about the characteristics of diseases, you need to know their accompanying symptoms.

Why does my throat hurt on one side?

As a rule, pain on one side indicates the location of the infection and inflammation of this area. But the reasons can be completely different. The main diseases include:

• tonsillitis of various forms;
• pharyngitis;
• laryngitis;
• streptococci, which may cause a rash.

If there is pain on the left side of the throat and pain is felt in the ear, it is possible that it is otitis media, which can only be treated comprehensively. If a sore throat is accompanied by nasal congestion, this indicates a unilateral form of sinusitis. In some cases, pain manifests itself not inside, but outside, for example, pain appears in the area of ​​​​the Adam's apple. In this case, you need to look for the problem in muscle spasm or osteochondrosis.

But pain on the right side of the throat indicates the presence of diseases such as mumps, angina, meningitis, tuberculosis and tumors of the cervical vertebra. Sometimes pain occurs due to a draft or muscle strain. In this case, they pass quickly, but if the pain does not disappear and an increase in body temperature is observed, then an examination is necessary.

Illnesses with sore throat on the left

Firstly, it is worth noting a disease such as tonsillitis, which is considered quite serious. A feature of tonsillitis is the damage to the tonsils by certain bacteria or viruses, as a result of which they become inflamed. In this case, the person feels pain on the side where the infection is located. The main symptoms include redness of the tonsils, swelling of the lymph nodes, discharge of yellow or whitish pus, loss of appetite, pain when swallowing and ear pain symptoms.

As a rule, the main bacterium is streptococcus, and the viruses can be different. For tonsillitis, the doctor prescribes treatment with antibiotics and other additional drugs. To reduce pain, it is recommended not to eat hot or too cold food; it is better to stick to the golden mean.

With pharyngitis, it is often very painful for the patient to swallow, he has a fever and headaches. Lymph nodes enlarge in the cervical region, and pain appears even in the muscles and joints. The occurrence of pharyngitis is associated with the presence of certain viruses and bacteria; inflammation is localized in the back of the larynx. During treatment, a conservative method is used, and at home it is recommended to drink cold drinks and foods that relieve pain.

Factors influencing the development of inflammation

Sometimes, if your throat hurts on the left side, it hurts to swallow, this may also indicate other diseases, such as a sore throat, cold, flu, sinus infection, as well as increased stomach acidity. But there are also factors that increase the risk. These primarily include smoking, because cigarette smoke, especially in large quantities, greatly irritates the mucous membrane of the larynx, which causes inflammation. In many cases, the pain can be caused by an allergic reaction, as some parts of the throat swell, making it painful to swallow.

If a person spends a long time in a dusty, gas-filled room or with a large amount of chemicals, then he also experiences pain, since the body is oversaturated with bacteria, microbes and other harmful substances.

We should not forget about the level of immunity in the body, because this is directly related to the incidence of disease. For example, people with excellent immune systems get sick much less often because the body fights various types of infections.

In any case, whatever the cause and symptoms, the patient must immediately consult a doctor.

Only he is able to give an accurate diagnosis and prescribe appropriate effective treatment. You cannot do this yourself, as any manifestation that is not promptly treated can lead to serious complications.

The throat only hurts on the right side, there is no temperature, there is a slight weakness, what can I do to make it go away faster???

Answers:

Unknown

rinse once an hour (salt, soda - a teaspoon, 5 drops of iodine per 0.5 water)
ingalipt and gevalex spray!
Tomorrow everything will be ok, but tomorrow you also need to rinse and irrigate with sprays!
all the best.

Yulia Lukashenko

Let me add that you can also lubricate the tonsils with Lugol’s solution with glycerin. At night, tie it with a scarf, not forgetting to spray with spray: “Cameton”, “Ingalipt”, “Tantum Verde”

Inez Morgan

But propasol helps me well (although it is strong, but it has a positive result), but ingalipt and gedelix give no results (but they help some people well). Gargle with citric acid - 1 glass of water + 1 dessert. spoon of citric acid. Also dissolve local antiseptics (lysobact or others.)

Maria Maria

A familiar situation. Your right tonsil is probably inflamed. Look for purulent deposits on and near the tonsils. For me it all started like you did, on the one hand it was painful to swallow, but despite the lethargy, there was almost no temperature. After 4 days, I went to the doctor, was diagnosed with a sore throat, and prescribed amoxicillin (an antibiotic), rinsing with furatsilin and hexoral spray. I started treatment, but it didn’t help at all and every day my throat hurt more and more, there were more and more plaques on my tonsils, it was terribly painful to swallow even liquids, I almost couldn’t speak. I called an ambulance (about 7-8 days of illness), they took me to the infectious diseases hospital, where they performed a blood test and found out that I was not suffering from a sore throat at all, but from infectious mononucleosis (in fact, this is not as scary as it sounds, the main thing is to detect it as soon as possible quicker) .
Here's some advice: do not use throat sprays during inflammation of the tonsils, as they only spray bacteria throughout the throat; it is better to gargle with a strong solution of furatsilin - this is the best remedy. (4 tablets per glass of water). When rinsing, do not gurgle (for the same reason as with sprays), but simply, with your head up, try to hold the solution in your throat for as long as possible, wait as long as you can and repeat the procedure as long as you have the patience. It is advisable to rinse every half hour or every hour. You can suck Sage tablets, they help a lot. And don’t delay your visit to the doctor.

Causes of pain in the throat or larynx when swallowing

Sore throat is a common symptom of diseases of the pharynx, which are quite diverse and include inflammation, neoplasms and injuries. The classic version of pain in the throat that occurs with or without swallowing is acute inflammation of the tonsils (tonsillitis) or exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.

In addition to pain, these pathologies are characterized by a rise in temperature, redness of the pharynx, palatine arches, tonsils, as well as multiple purulent deposits in the follicles or lacunae of the tonsils. You can read more about these diseases in the articles: lacunar tonsillitis, follicular tonsillitis, treatment of tonsillitis in children.

What are other causes of pain or soreness in the throat?

Sore throat and fever

Sore throat when swallowing is a very common companion to acute pharyngitis. Moreover, in addition to painful swallowing, a person with pharyngitis may be bothered by a dry throat, a feeling of scratching and soreness in the throat. Viscous mucus may accumulate in the throat, ranging from transparent (with allergies) to yellow or green (with a bacterial process).

Pharyngitis is often accompanied by a rise in temperature to subfebrile levels (37.5). Moderate intoxication may also occur - pain in muscles, head, joints. A reaction of regional lymph nodes is also possible in the form of enlargement, hardening and soreness of the submandibular and cervical groups of lymph nodes. If you shine a flashlight into your throat, press your tongue and examine your throat, you can see redness and swelling in the area of ​​the soft and hard palate, palatine arches and tonsils. The main difference between pharyngitis and tonsillitis is the absence of purulent deposits on the tonsils or in the pharynx.

Based on their origin, the following types of acute infectious pharyngitis are distinguished:

• Viral - adenoviral, parainfluenza, rhinovirus, cytomegalovirus, caused by Epstein-Barr virus, coronaviruses
• Bacterial - streptococcal, staphylococcal, mycoplasma, caused by Haemophilus influenzae
• Fungal - candida
• Allergic, toxic, nutritional - with irritation from chemicals, low temperatures, tobacco smoke and cigarette tars
• Radiation - from exposure to ionizing radiation, for example, during radiation therapy

A prerequisite for the development of acute bacterial or viral pharyngitis is infection with a bacterium or virus and a decrease in the local immune defense of the pharynx, against the background of:

• fasting
• hypothermia
• taking medications that suppress the immune system
• chronic diseases

Pharyngomycosis is a fungal infection of the pharynx by fungi of the genus Candida albicans often appears during treatment with systemic or inhaled glucocorticoids, after a course of antibiotics, against the background of diabetes mellitus or immunodeficiencies.

• Unlike bacterial inflammation, pharyngomycosis causes more pronounced discomfort in the throat (scratching, rawness, soreness, dryness and burning).
• The pain is more moderate, intensifies when eating and swallowing saliva, and can radiate to the front surface of the neck, under the lower jaw or into the ear.
• Intoxication is very typical.
• A distinctive feature of this type of pharyngeal lesion is white or yellowish plaque in the area of ​​the palatine arches and tonsils. soft palate.
• After rejection of plaque or when removing it with a spoon or spatula, weeping, bleeding surfaces appear, which increase the soreness of the throat and can serve as a gateway for the addition of a secondary bacterial infection.

Pharyngomycosis is separated from diphtheria, which also has plaque and intoxication. The main method of differential diagnosis is culture of the nose and throat for BL (Leffler's stick).

Pain when swallowing without fever

Often the throat hurts without any temperature reaction, causing a lot of inconvenience when eating, talking and alarming patients.

Acute pharyngitis

Pharyngitis of an allergic, toxic or nutritional nature (when irritated by various substances or temperature) gives brightly colored pain and discomfort when swallowing. No temperature is observed. The easiest way to get pharyngitis is to smoke a cigarette.

• At the same time, the pharynx becomes irritated and turns red
• Her swelling develops
• The mucous membrane becomes congested and dry
• There is a sore throat, dryness and coughing
• There may also be acute pain in the form of tingling

Among the interesting variants of medicinal pharyngitis, it is worth noting pharyngitis against the background of the proton pump blocker Zulbex (Rabeprazole), the antitumor drug Tegafur, and the cytostatic drug Methotrexate.

Chronic pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis exists in the form of catarrhal, atrophic or granulosa. The chronic form is not accompanied by intoxication or fever (read throat sprays).

For catarrh or mucosal hypertrophy

• there is a feeling of soreness, rawness, tickling or scratching in the throat
• it may also create the impression of a foreign body in the pharynx, which does not prevent the swallowing of food
• typically frequent swallowing, with the help of which patients try to get rid of the feeling of a lump or obstruction in the throat

Granular process

It has more vivid manifestations than catarrhal. The main reasons for its appearance:

• frequent acute pharyngitis
• smoking, alcohol abuse
• gastro-esophageal reflux (reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus when the sphincter of the inlet of the stomach does not close)
• dusty and polluted air indoors or outdoors, allergies

Atrophic pharyngitis

accompanied by dry throat and difficulty swallowing food. Patients often experience bad breath and a tendency to increased bleeding in the small vessels of the pharynx. The feeling of a dry throat makes patients drink more. There is a frequent connection between atrophic pharyngitis and gastrointestinal diseases and its spontaneous subsidence against the background of treated gastritis, peptic ulcer or duodenitis. The terminal stage of atrophy of the pharyngeal mucosa is accompanied by its sharp thinning, the appearance of many crusts and erosions and a fetid odor (ozena).

Injuries to the pharyngeal mucosa

This is a common cause of pain when swallowing. Acute injuries can be chemical (vinegar and other acids, alkalis, alcohols), thermal (burn with boiling water) and mechanical (foreign bodies in the pharynx, cuts, puncture or lacerations, gunshot wounds).

Chemical burn

This is one of the most unpleasant, dangerous and difficult to treat pharyngeal injuries. Moreover, the longer the exposure time on the mucous membrane and the more concentrated the solution, the deeper the damage, the more extensive the erosion of the mucous membrane and the higher the risks of bleeding and infection. A severe sharp pain appears in the throat, and bleeding may occur. Burns with vinegar and alkalis produce white scabs in the mouth and throat, sulfuric and hydrochloric acids – brown, and nitric acid – yellow.

In the distant future, severe burns cause severe scarring, which leads to narrowing of the pharynx and esophagus, requires long-term parenteral nutrition (in IVs or through a stoma in the intestine), and exhausts the patient, who often requires surgical treatment and long-term recovery. Burns with acetic acid, among other things, can be accompanied by poisoning and acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis.

Thermal burns

Such burns most often occur in everyday life from carelessness or haste, when a person drinks hot tea, coffee, milk or eats soup. Usually the mouth cavity is burned, but hot liquid can also get into the throat, causing burns of varying degrees. Burns from steam and gas are also possible.

The first degree of thermal or chemical burn leads to damage to the mucosal epithelium, which sloughs off by 3-4 days. The throat turns red and swells somewhat. Subjectively, the victim feels pain when swallowing in the esophagus and a burning sensation in the throat.

The second degree produces not only local changes in the mucous membrane (plaques in the form of a scab, which is torn off after a week, revealing bleeding surfaces), but also changes in the general well-being of the victim in the form of intoxication and a rise in temperature. Mucosal defects heal through scarring.

The third degree is extensive and deep damage under the scabs, which disappears by the end of the second week, extended erosions and ulcers of the pharynx, slowly healing and leaving scars that can deform the lumen of the pharynx and narrow it. Intoxication and temperature reaction are pronounced, and burn disease with multiple organ failure may develop. Such burns are complicated by laryngitis, tracheobronchitis, inflammation of the mediastinum, perforations and bleeding.

Mechanical injuries

Mechanical injuries are most often caused by foreign bodies entering the pharynx. In the space between the tonsils, arches, in the back of the oropharynx and in the area of ​​the ridges, small household objects can get stuck (and in children, construction parts or parts of toys, wood chips, balls, seeds and apple peels).

Fish bones, needles, and glass from broken dishes or cans also often get stuck. Children sometimes bite into Christmas tree decorations or glass ampoules with medicines left unattended. After biting, the latter can also leave cuts in the mouth and throat. Foreign bodies in the upper parts of the pharynx are clearly visible and can be easily removed.

But the middle and lower parts of the pharynx, which are difficult to examine, can retain a foreign object for a long time and become inflamed. They cause severe pain, which intensifies as food moves forward. If a foreign body enters the hypopharynx and is large enough, breathing difficulties may occur. With retropharyngoscopy, the ENT doctor manages to find, if not the object itself, then the redness, swelling and sedimentation of the pharyngeal mucosa left by it.

What is a retropharyngeal abscess?

If the pharyngeal mucosa is damaged to a considerable depth by a foreign object, a retropharyngeal abscess may develop, which also causes pain in the throat (to the right or left of the midline). The reason for its development is the penetration of infection into the retropharyngeal space. Often this complication is caused by puncture wounds and piercing foreign bodies in the pharynx. The clinic develops in two to three days:

• there is pain when moving food
• difficulty swallowing
• breathing disorders
• forced head position
• regional lymphadenitis appears
• intoxication and temperature rise to 38-40 degrees

An abscess is usually identified already at the stage of examining the pharynx. If necessary, the diagnosis is confirmed by x-ray examination.

Tumors

Tumors are divided into benign and malignant. Of the benign tumors, only large adenomas can make swallowing difficult and cause some pain. Malignant neoplasms necessarily in their development come to the stage of periodic or constant pain. Most often, tumors grow from the tonsil and soft palate. Less often - from the back wall of the pharynx.

• Tumors of the epithelium (epitheliomas) begin with superficial ulceration, then give regional lymphadenitis with a wooden density of nodes fused together. As it progresses, the depth and extent of the ulcer increases, and pain increases with a characteristic reflection in the ears.
• Lymphosarcoma causes swallowing, breathing and pain disorders.
• Reticulosarcoma is similar to lymphosarcoma, but differs in earlier metastasis.
• Of the external tumors, thyroid cancer deserves attention, which also causes difficulty in painful swallowing, a sensation of a foreign body in the lower parts of the pharynx, and neck pain. As the tumor grows, it makes breathing difficult, causing shortness of breath and coughing, as well as swelling of the neck and hoarseness of the voice.
• Also, with lymphomas (symptoms), a sensation of a lump in the throat and difficulty swallowing may occur.

Other causes of sore throat when swallowing

Cervical osteochondrosis

It produces a condition called “pharyngeal migraine.” This is the sensation of a lump in the throat, which can also cause pain when swallowing (if the 3rd pair of spinal nerves is affected). Also, compression of the third root gives a feeling of pain behind the ear, a feeling of enlargement of the tongue. If the fourth root is damaged, in addition to pain and difficulty swallowing, pain in the heart and collarbone may appear. A qualified neurologist should deal with such a problem.

Neurotic disorders

Panic attacks, neurotic disorders, and somatized depression can also mimic a sore throat and difficulty swallowing. Patients complain of a feeling of a blockage in the throat, a lump that prevents not only swallowing, but also taking a deep breath. A general painful state of mind and hypochondria aggravate these experiences, on which patients often become fixated and begin to suffer from cancerophobia. It is advisable for psychiatrists and psychotherapists to work with such disorders using medication support with antidepressants and psychotherapy techniques. Learn more about the symptoms and causes of panic attacks.

Sore throat due to sexually transmitted infections

Syphilis of the pharynx

It begins to appear approximately a month after infection. At the site of penetration of Treponema pallidum into the mucous membrane, an ulcer with dense edges and a smooth bottom (chancre) is formed. An enlargement of the submandibular and cervical lymph nodes also develops, which become painful and dense. The chancre itself does not hurt until microbial flora penetrates into it, causing secondary suppuration. After 2-3 months, when secondary syphilis develops, multiple bright tubercles with ulceration (syphilides) may appear in the pharynx. A dry cough may appear, and if the process spreads in the larynx, hoarseness may occur.

Gonorrhea of ​​the pharynx

In this case, the picture will resemble a banal sore throat: a sore throat and purulent plaque on the tonsils. Infection occurs during oral sex, and in newborns during childbirth from a sick mother.

Pain in the larynx when swallowing

Sometimes not only the pharynx, but also the windpipe (larynx) responds with pain to swallowing movements.

Thus, if you or your loved ones begin to experience pain in the throat or neck while eating, you should not put off visiting an ENT specialist or therapist.

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Sore throat after a sore throat

Chronic diseases: Chronic tonsillitis

Good afternoon Help me to understand. I had a sore throat for a couple of days. When pus appeared on the tonsils, I put on the antibiotic Amoxiclav, took it for 5 days, and after 2 days my throat hurts again, the back wall and tonsils are red, swollen, it seems like the nasopharynx is swollen. What is this and how to treat it further, please tell me. Thanks in advance for your answer!

Tags: sore throat after a sore throat, sore throat again after a sore throat

The tonsil hurts on one side Irina Yuryevna. Please advise. I feed the baby.

Chronic pharyngitis (?) Has been bothering my throat for quite some time. Last October.

Throat, hr. Tonsillitis My throat is bothering me. I rinse out frequent blockages in my tonsils.

I have a sore throat, but my throat doesn’t hurt. I’ve had a sore throat for the second time in two months, and I got up in the evening.

My tonsils have been hurting for 7 days. At the beginning of the year I took antibiotics and had a sore throat. After.

Sore throat after a sore throat Irina 2014-01-09 22:02 Hello. Please tell me.

Complication after a sore throat Recently my throat started to hurt (pain when swallowing, throat inside.

Angina. Antibiotic, fluconazole My son is 4 years old. Sick - nasal congestion (a couple.

Sore throat, pimples on the palate and tonsils. 4 days ago the course of antibiotics ended (inflammation.

Red growth in the throat The throat hurts for the second week. Sometimes on the left side, sometimes on the right.

Sore throat or tonsillitis? In May I got sick, had a cough, snot and all that. I went to.

Sore throat after screaming I had a sore throat, cured it, after curing it, I had to.

11 answers

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Anna 2015-06-09 08:55

Hello! Perhaps 5 days of antibiotic was not enough, or the dose was insufficient. You definitely need to see an ENT doctor again. Before the examination, take an antihistamine (suprastin) and gargle with antiseptics (chlorhexidine or miramistin).

Thank you for quick response. Of course I will show up in person, but on Saturday. Amoxiclav 625 1 tablet three times a day, 5 days. Today it’s better, there’s only swelling and it’s as if it’s clogged, the throat and back wall are swollen and red. But I have no fever and feel good. I rinse with soda, Imudon tablets, inhalation with soda. Is it possible that this is a fungus from the antibiotics? Thanks for the help!

Why does my throat not go away after a sore throat?

Probably everyone knows what a sore throat is, and many have even had it. This is an infectious disease that is widespread everywhere. There are a lot of patients with this diagnosis at ENT doctors’ appointments. The main symptom of the pathology is a sore throat, and treatment is carried out with antibiotics. But there are cases when therapy has ended, and the symptoms have returned again. What this might be connected with and how to overcome the disease, only a doctor can tell you.

Causes and mechanisms

Typical tonsillitis in most cases is caused by beta-hemolytic streptococcus group A. It penetrates the tonsils by airborne droplets or alimentary (with food) routes. Antibacterial therapy is precisely directed against this pathogen, because a cure for the disease will occur only when its cause is eliminated. And most patients do make a full recovery. But for some, the symptoms persist, and after a sore throat the throat hurts again. But there could be many reasons for this. They can be combined into several groups:

• Initially incorrect diagnosis.
• Incorrectly selected therapy.
• Development of complications of angina.
• Re-infection.
• Transition to chronic form.
• The occurrence of another disease.

And each of these conditions can be characterized by the appearance of a sore throat, even despite previous therapy with antibacterial agents. But only a doctor can understand what is happening. Most likely, you will have to carry out additional (or repeated) diagnostics and review the existing treatment regimen.

If, despite treatment for a sore throat, your throat continues to hurt, then you should look for the source of the problem. Having determined the cause, one can hope for the successful elimination of the pathology.

Detailed characteristics

To understand why, despite treatment, certain symptoms of angina persist, we should dwell in more detail on each of the reasons. The information presented will help in determining the source of the problem, but in no case should be regarded as a substitute for qualified medical care.

Initially incorrect diagnosis

As you know, antibiotics only affect bacterial flora. But sore throat can also be caused by other pathogens, in particular viruses or fungi. If treatment was prescribed before receiving the result of a smear from the nose and throat (empirically), then the expected effect may not occur. Moreover, tank seeding is done for at least 5 days - and during this time the patient must receive some kind of therapy.

There are cases when angina occurs in general diseases, when it is the result of changes in the lymphocyte-macrophage system. These conditions include:

• Agranulocytosis.
• Infectious mononucleosis.
• Leukemia.

An antibiotic for them is not only useless, but can even be dangerous. For example, in case of mononucleosis, ampicillin preparations are contraindicated, since they give a specific allergic reaction in the form of a skin rash. There are also cases of syphilitic tonsillitis, which require separate therapy. As for diphtheria, that’s a completely different matter. This infection can only be treated with a specific serum. So making a diagnosis and reliably confirming it are a prerequisite for prescribing antibiotics. If it has not been fully completed, then there is no point in hoping that the sore throat will go away soon.

Incorrectly selected therapy

The treatment aspect naturally follows from the previous diagnosis. If the cause of the disease is initially determined incorrectly, then the therapy, accordingly, will not bring the expected result. But even with an adequate diagnosis, there are errors in treatment. Some of them are observed by the doctor, but many more are observed among patients.

Antibiotics are effective only in a certain dosage, which is called therapeutic. Of course, if you don’t achieve it, then there will be no result. But exceeding the dosage is not very good. Some children may develop fungal (candida) tonsillitis as a result, which also causes a sore throat. Another equally important aspect is the duration of therapy. A sore throat should be treated for 10 days, during which time all bacteria will die and will not be able to further develop on the tonsils. But many patients voluntarily violate the regimen prescribed by the doctor: due to minor side effects (for example, nausea, flatulence) or, having noticed an improvement in their condition and a decrease in body temperature, they believe that the job is already done.

Miscalculations on the part of the doctor include choosing the wrong antibiotic. It is known that certain drugs have a better effect on a certain group of bacteria. And for angina, antibiotics of the penicillin group traditionally do the best job. But in modern conditions, bacteria acquire various mechanisms of resistance, which requires a revision of therapy. It is best to prescribe “protected” drugs (with clavulanic acid). Ignorance of this fact can lead to low effectiveness of the medicine and situations where the sore throat does not go away after taking it.

Treatment of angina that is adequate in all aspects can effectively eliminate all symptoms, prevent their re-development and the occurrence of complications.

Development of complications of sore throat

Those who have a sore throat after a sore throat should think about whether they have complications. After all, a purulent inflammatory process, if diagnosed untimely and treated incorrectly, easily spreads to neighboring tissues. The most common consequences of tonsillitis at the local level will be:

• Pharyngitis.
• Peritonsillitis.
• Peritonsillar abscess.
• Peri- and retropharyngeal abscesses.

In these cases, microbes from the tonsils penetrate the surrounding mucous membrane of the tissue, which is accompanied by a deterioration of the condition after a sore throat. Pharyngitis is characterized by soreness, rawness, tickling, and finally, pain that occurs not only when swallowing, but also at rest. A dry cough often bothers me.

With paratonsillitis, pain in the throat (unilateral) occurs again, which increases sharply, becoming painful. They spread to the ear and teeth. Opening the mouth is difficult due to a reflex spasm of the masticatory muscles (trismus). The general condition suffers greatly: fever up to 40 degrees and other signs of severe intoxication. If an abscess develops, the situation gets even worse.

Re-infection

In situations where treatment is completed, but even after antibiotics the throat begins to bother you again, you should think about the likelihood of re-infection with sore throat pathogens. This is especially true for children who attend kindergarten or school, where many of their peers are sick. As a rule, most drugs are eliminated from the body within 24 hours, so the very next day it is quite possible to become infected with a new strain of streptococcus or a virus that can cause inflammation of the tonsils. Of course, most often this is observed in violation of the treatment regimen prescribed by the doctor.

Transition to chronic form

As you know, incompletely cured tonsillitis either causes complications or becomes chronic. If the throat hurts after previous therapy, then it is necessary to consider the development of tonsillitis. Its occurrence is facilitated by a sluggish infection in the nasopharynx and oral cavity (sinusitis, caries, etc.), which leads to a decrease in local immunity. Frequent exacerbations of a chronic process are not uncommon for many children. Clinically, they manifest themselves with almost the same symptoms as tonsillitis.

The occurrence of another disease

It is possible that a sore throat that does not go away with antibiotic treatment is evidence of some other disease that has superimposed on the sore throat. Most often it is an acute respiratory infection that occurs with damage to the mucous membrane of the pharynx. Then the patient’s temperature rises again, a runny nose and cough appear. Intoxication in the form of body aches, malaise, and headaches is typical. And it’s not surprising, because, as already mentioned, antibiotics do not affect viruses. Namely, they are the cause of ARVI.

When examining a patient, the doctor pays attention to any symptoms so as not to miss diseases with a similar clinical picture.

Principles of correction

Having established whether a sore throat can hurt after a sore throat and why, it is worth moving on to considering the principles of eliminating unpleasant symptoms. Of course, to do this it is necessary to remove the source of the problem and prevent its occurrence in the future. Therefore, patients should adhere to the following principles:

1. When the first symptoms appear, immediately go to the doctor.
2. Go through all stages of the diagnostic examination.
3. Carefully follow all doctor's recommendations for treatment.
4. Follow a preventive regimen during the recovery period.

This will avoid many of the situations discussed above. Each of them has its own nuances that should be observed. For example, for a sore throat caused by viruses, antibiotics are not needed at all, but other medications (acyclovir and others) are indicated. And in case of purulent complications, intensified therapy with intravenous administration of medications and surgical removal of the pathological focus is required.

Sore throat that persists or reappears after treating a sore throat with antibiotics is not as simple as we would like. There are quite a few reasons for its occurrence. Therefore, a competent specialist will help you deal with them.

Complications after purulent tonsillitis - what to expect

Complications after purulent tonsillitis - what to expect

In the photo, group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus is the culprit of most complications of sore throat.

The article will talk about the acute and chronic consequences of the purulent form of tonsillitis, with a detailed description of the pathogenesis of their development and measures to prevent the latter. Purulent tonsillitis is not just a disease that requires the right approach to treatment, but improper treatment of which threatens with a bunch of complex, severe, and sometimes dangerous consequences. Let's look at complications after purulent tonsillitis and their causes.

Predisposing factors

Sore throat is a contagious disease, and it is the damage to the lymphoid tissue of the palatine tonsils that determines the severity of the disease. Most often, complications after purulent tonsillitis arise precisely because of the pathogen - group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus.

In the routine practice of a doctor, identifying the etiological factor is difficult, but in approximately 80% of all tonsillitis it is the culprit of the disease:

1. Treatment. It would be more correct to say the absence of treatment, or a significant delay in the therapy. The list is supplemented by the use of drugs that are inappropriate for this pathogen, as regards antibacterial agents. Untimely disposal of a pathological microorganism contributes to its development, reproduction and colonization of an increasingly larger area of ​​the tonsils at the beginning, and other organs and tissues subsequently.
2. Self-diagnosis. Unfortunately, approximately a quarter of the population makes a diagnosis in this way, which complicates not only the course of the local process, but also by all means contributes to the dissemination of the pathogen beyond the boundaries of the primary affected organ, in our case, the tonsils.

Attention! Do-it-yourself treatment can seriously harm the body.

1. Immunodeficiency. Reduced resistance of the body to infections and the inability to localize them and prevent their spread, as one of the functions of the immune system may be lost due to congenital or acquired immunodeficiency.

In this case, the consequences of purulent sore throat usually develop rapidly and rapidly.

Types of complications

Suffered purulent tonsillitis can lead to two main types of consequences - local and general. Local means the spread of purulent inflammation to nearby tissues, and general means damage to organs and tissues distant from the primary source of infection.

A common complication of purulent tonsillitis in children is a retropharyngeal abscess.

Read more about local impacts

1. Peritonsillitis. It is the spread of purulent inflammation to the tissue located between the capsule of the palatine tonsil and the pharyngeal fascia. More often occurs with chronic tonsillitis.

The most affected area of ​​the palatine tonsil with purulent tonsillitis is the upper pole, which is most enriched with glands through which the purulent inflammatory process is translocated into the peritonsillar tissue. This process is not facilitated by the deepening crypts of the tonsils with purulent contents in them.

In 75% of cases, paratonsillitis occurs in an abscessed form, but it can also be edematous and infiltrative. Clinically it manifests itself as severe pain in the throat radiating to the ear on the affected side. The pain intensifies so much when swallowing that the patient sometimes refuses to eat and drink, which in turn does not alleviate the course of paratonsillitis.

1. Periopharyngeal abscess. This complication can be caused by purulent tonsillitis itself and complications of the secondary process - paratonsillitis. Symptoms include a sore throat that radiates to the ear. as well as trismus of the masticatory muscles - the patient has difficulty opening his mouth.
   The pathology is very complex due to the risk of developing mediastinitis and possible vascular disorders - phlebitis and thrombophlebitis of the jugular vein. In case of parapharyngeal abscess, surgical intervention is mandatory to open the formed abscess and drain the purulent cavity.
2. Retropharyngeal abscess. Almost exclusively occurs in young children after suffering a purulent sore throat. Clinically, the child has a nasal tone due to impaired nasal breathing, a temperature in the range of 39-40°C, and restless behavior. It can be dangerous if the abscess is located in the middle or lower part of the pharynx, due to which breathing can be significantly impaired and attacks of suffocation may occur. Treatment also includes opening and draining the cavity.

Other local complications include:

General complications

The formation and course of general complications is based on the interaction of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus with the macroorganism. Its cell wall contains proteins that are similar to the structural proteins of human connective tissue.

Unsuccessful antibacterial therapy, as well as the characteristics of the immune system, lead to the fact that the human immune system ceases to recognize the structures of the body as its own, and sees in them foreign antigens, against which it produces antibodies.

The latter, forming immune complexes with connective tissue proteins, have a damaging effect on all organs that contain this tissue. This pathogenesis is explained in more detail in the video.

The following organs fall under the “distribution” of formed immune complexes:

And now - in more detail:

1. Acute glomerulonephritis. It does not develop often, but quite quickly after suffering from acute purulent tonsillitis. It can manifest itself in two main forms - nephrotic and nephritic syndromes.
2. Reactive arthritis. Non-purulent inflammation of the joint after an infection. Signs of arthritis include swelling, pain in the affected joints, and swelling.
3. Rheumatic fever. It is a classic example of the pathogenesis described above. It has a number of signs - damage to the joints, heart, the appearance of nodules on the skin over the joint area, Sydenham's chorea and erythema. The disease has a chronic course with episodes of exacerbation and remission and requires attention both from doctors and from the patient himself.

Rheumatism is a disease that can be prevented if you start taking appropriate antibacterial medications for purulent tonsillitis in a timely manner.

Pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever

Prevention measures

We will not talk about ways to prevent purulent tonsillitis itself, but it is necessary to discuss the prevention of its complications. Visiting a doctor at the first sign of an oncoming sore throat or frequently recurring episodes of sore throat should become a duty to your own health, the cost of which is high.

Treatment must be comprehensive and must include antibacterial therapy. In this case, this medicine for purulent tonsillitis should cover gram-positive microorganisms (streptococci and staphylococci).

The complexity of treatment implies an impact not only on the etiological agent, but also to influence the pathogenesis of the disease itself, and also include symptomatic therapy.

In conclusion, it is important to note that you should not decide on your own which medicine for purulent sore throat you should take, since without a higher medical education, it is difficult to choose the appropriate treatment, but it is also dangerous.

Sources:

A sore throat indicates some kind of disease. Most often, this is an inflammatory process, and it can be localized not only in the throat, but also in nearby organs - in the nose or ear. This condition will not go away on its own, so full treatment is required.

To prescribe treatment, you need to understand what diseases the throat hurts on one side when swallowing, and how they manifest themselves. Timely diagnosis and treatment will help avoid many complications.

1 Reasons

Sore throat when swallowing most often accompanies inflammatory processes. These include:

• tonsillitis;
• angina;
• peritonsillar abscess;
• otitis;
• sinusitis.

Such diseases are of infectious origin and are usually caused by streptococci and staphylococci, less often by other bacteria.

Less commonly, unilateral pain on the right or left side appears due to:

• wounds of the mucous membrane - fish bones, seeds;
• thermal or chemical burn.

Such causes are called traumatic.

Sore throat: causes and methods of treatment at home

2 Symptoms

Different diseases that cause pain in the throat manifest with different symptoms. All inflammatory diseases have similar general symptoms:

• malaise;
• temperature increase;
• enlarged lymph nodes;
• catarrhal phenomena.

In some cases, during inflammatory processes there is no temperature. This is observed with long-term illnesses or a decrease in the body’s immune defense. The absence of fever makes diagnosis difficult.

Non-inflammatory pathologies develop suddenly, against the background of complete health.

Table. Distinctive signs of diseases accompanied by pain when swallowing.

Disease	Description
Chronic tonsillitis	It is characterized by moderate inflammation of the tonsils on the right, left side or both at once. Pain when swallowing is insignificant, general well-being is practically unaffected
Sore throat - exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis	In this case, the inflammatory process is more pronounced than in chronic tonsillitis. Heavy plaque appears on the tonsils. The patient complains of sharp pain that intensifies with swallowing movements
Peritonsillar abscess	This disease is a complication of tonsillitis. The pathological process is localized in the right or left palatine arch. From the outside it will be noticeable that the throat is very swollen. The pain is so severe that eating and even drinking becomes impossible. With a large abscess, the pain radiates to the ear
Otitis	Pain with otitis media is localized in the ear area. But the ear and throat are located nearby, so a person has the feeling that his throat also hurts. This is especially typical for children due to the structural features of the ear and nasopharynx.
Sinusitis	With this disease, pus from the inflamed maxillary sinuses drains into the pharynx. Because of this, a person feels that the throat hurts when swallowing
Injuries	Scratched mucous membranes hurt when they are irritated by food. The nature of the pain is stabbing, especially if the damage occurs from a fish bone. Only a doctor can see the wound after a thorough examination.
Burns	With burns, the pain is very strong, cutting, and eating becomes impossible.

The clinical picture is not always enough to determine the disease. In such cases, you need to consult a doctor so that he can conduct a full examination.

What should you do if your throat hurts, it hurts to swallow, there is no fever and it radiates to your ears?

3 Treatment

Treatment measures will depend on the reason why the throat hurts when swallowing on the left or right. Treatment should be comprehensive, including the use of medications, home remedies, and physiotherapy.

For each disease, a person is prescribed a diet that meets the principles of mechanical and thermal sparing of the mucous membrane. This means that food should be at room temperature and have a uniform consistency - liquid, puree. For severe burns, tube or parenteral nutrition is sometimes prescribed.

Most often, this condition can be treated at home. However, there are exceptions:

• the peritonsillar abscess must be opened by a surgeon, after which treatment by an otolaryngologist or infectious disease specialist is recommended;
• severe sore throats are also treated in a hospital setting;
• children with severe otitis and sinusitis are subject to hospitalization;
• Severe throat burns are treated in the hospital.

For inflammatory and traumatic pathologies, treatment measures will differ.

The most effective folk remedies for colds - how to gargle at home?

4 Inflammatory diseases

Most often these diseases are caused by infection. Therefore, the basis of treatment is antibacterial therapy. The antibiotic is prescribed by the doctor, taking into account the data of the examination and examination of the patient. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are commonly used:

• Amoxiclav;
• Clarithromycin;
• Tavanik.

If the causative agent of the disease is specifically identified, the antibiotic that has the maximum effect on it is prescribed.

Symptomatic drugs and local agents are used. Antiseptic solutions and sprays are used to gargle and irrigate the throat:

• Hexoral;
• Anti-angina;
• Inhalipt;
• Miramistin.

In addition to the antimicrobial effect, they eliminate pain. To relieve pain, lozenges and lozenges are used:

• Strepsils;
• Anti-angina;
• Tantum verde.

Rinsing has a good effect. In addition to the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, the rinsing procedure has a mechanical cleansing effect on the mucous membrane of the pharynx and tonsils.

Inhalations are used to soften the throat. They can be carried out in different ways. The most effective inhalation is performed using a nebulizer. Plain water or sodium chloride solution and medications can be used as an inhalation solution. In the absence of a special apparatus, steam inhalations are performed over a pan of boiling water.

Physiotherapy is provided in the clinic. The following methods are used:

• magnetic therapy;
• ultraviolet irradiation of the throat;
• electrophoresis.

Folk remedies are widely used to treat sore throat. They are represented by herbal decoctions and infusions, mixtures for lubricating the throat, and compresses.

Table. Folk remedies for sore throat.

Means	Method of preparation and use
Decoction of medicinal herbs	For preparation, take any herbs that have an anti-inflammatory and softening effect - chamomile, sage, calendula. Dry herbs are poured with boiling water and cooked in a water bath for several minutes. Then filter and use for rinsing 2-3 times a day
Soda and salt solution	Pour a tablespoon of salt and a teaspoon of soda into a liter of warm water. Mix everything thoroughly and use for rinsing.
Throat lubricant mixture	For preparation you will need aloe juice, onion juice, butter and honey. All components are mixed and heated in a water bath. After cooling, lubricate the inflamed mucous membrane
Compress	The compress is made from cabbage leaves. Several leaves need to be mashed and placed on the throat. Then cover with a piece of polyethylene and woolen cloth. Keep the compress for no more than an hour

Compresses and other thermal procedures should not be used if a person has an elevated body temperature.

Many herbal decoctions are used for inhalation. This is usually done in a simple way - over a saucepan with steam. Not all inhalers can be filled with herbal infusions.

5 Injuries

If the mucous membrane of the throat is damaged, you must first consult a doctor to remove the offending object. After this, the doctor prescribes treatment aimed at rapid healing of the mucous membrane. It includes the use of the following means:

• gargling and irrigating;
• lubrication of the mucous membrane;
• physiotherapy.

For rinsing and irrigation, use the same products that are recommended for inflammatory diseases. Lubricate the throat with special gels that ensure healing of damage:

• Solcoseryl;
• Actovegin.

Physiotherapy includes ultraviolet irradiation and magnetic therapy. Inhalations have a good effect.

If an infection has entered the wound and an inflammatory process begins to develop, antibacterial drugs are required. They are used orally or topically, depending on the severity of inflammation.

6 When should you see a doctor?

Since unilateral sore throat is a sign of many diseases, it must be treated very carefully. If your health does not improve with home treatment, you should consult a doctor for a more thorough examination.

Indications for going to the hospital are as follows:

• lack of effect from self-treatment within two days;
• increased pain when swallowing, even if there is no fever;
• fever;
• transition of the pathological process to the second side.

The hospital will do the necessary tests and prescribe more complete treatment. It is recommended to show children to a doctor immediately after the onset of pain. .

7 Conclusion

When the throat hurts on one side when swallowing, treatment should be started as early as possible, even if there are no other symptoms. This condition is a sign of inflammatory processes and damage to the mucous membrane. Lack of adequate treatment is fraught with the development of dangerous complications.