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North America. The largest countries in North America and their capitals

The picture shows a map of North America with countries and capitals. Capitals are marked in bold, and the largest cities are also indicated. The color division of the map shows that the territory is divided into regions. At the head of the north is Canada, which is washed by the Beaufort Sea and the Labrador Sea.

The land is surrounded by two largest oceans - the Pacific and the Atlantic. The middle is marked in pink and refers to the territorial boundaries of the United States of America. You can also notice that part of the United States is located not only in the middle, but also to the west of the Canadian region, which is surrounded on three sides by expanses of water - the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Alaska and the Beaufort Sea.

The smallest part of the land, not counting the island areas, belongs to Mexico on the southern side. The remaining colors on the map depict the islands and their capitals.

Extreme points of the mainland:

  • from the north - Cape Murchison;

    • A physical map indicates the elevation of the area, the landscape of the territory. It roughly indicates how many meters above sea level a particular area is. The depth of the sea is marked in blue, and the more saturated the color, the deeper it is. Yellow and orange colors indicate height above zero (this is sea level).

    The highest point in North America is marked in deep orange. Its height is 6194 meters, and this is Mount Denali. The lowest land point is Death Valley, a mountain depression, its height is 86 meters lower than sea level.

The history of North America began long before the voyages of Columbus, and even long before the Mayans. Life appeared on this continent a very long time ago. In North America, scientists are finding remains of a wide variety of dinosaur species found nowhere else in the world.

The indigenous population of North America (Indians and Eskimos) left a noticeable mark on the history of this continent. However, the real history of North America began, as many believe, only after Europeans sailed there.

Now in North America, along with the USA and Canada, developed capitalist states, there are also Mexico, El Salvador and Nicaragua. These countries can hardly be suspected of having a high market economy. But they have preserved thousands of historical monuments telling the history of pre-Columbian America...

Geography

The continent of North America is located in the north of the Earth's Western Hemisphere. From the west, North America is washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea, from the east by the Atlantic Ocean, as well as the Caribbean and Labrador Seas, and in the north by the Arctic Ocean. In the south, the Isthmus of Panama divides North America from South America. In the West, the Bering Strait separates North America from Eurasia.

North America includes numerous islands and archipelagos (for example, Greenland, the Aleutian Islands, Vancouver Island, the Canadian Arctic Archipelago). The total area of ​​North America is 24.2 million square meters. km, including islands (this is 4.8% of the Earth's territory).

North America has all types of climates, ranging from subequatorial in the south to arctic in the north. However, most of this continent has a temperate continental climate.

The longest river on the North American continent is the Mississippi (6,019 km), which flows through the United States. The largest North American rivers also include: the Mackenzie (4,241 km), the St. Lawrence River (3,058 km), the Rio Grande (3,034 km), and the Yukon (2,829 km).

On the territory of Canada and the United States there is Lake Superior, the largest lake in North America (its area is 82 thousand sq. km.).

Almost 36% of North America's territory is occupied by mountain systems. The largest of them are the Cordilleras and Appalachians. The highest mountain on this continent is McKinley in Alaska, its height is 6,194 meters.

In the western part of North America there are several large deserts and semi-deserts - Sonora, Chihuahua and Mojave.

Population of North America

At the moment, the population of North America already reaches 530 million people. This is almost 13% of the entire world population.

North America is home to representatives of the Caucasian, Negroid and Mongoloid races, as well as mixed racial groups (mestizo, mulatto, Sambo, etc.). North American aborigines (Indians and Eskimos) belong to the Mongoloid race.

In Mexico and Central American countries, the population speaks Spanish, in the United States - English and Spanish, and in Canada - English and French.

North American countries

There are now 23 independent states in North America. The largest North American country is Canada (its territory covers 9,976,140 sq. km), and the smallest is Saint Christopher and Nevis (261 sq. km). The territory of the USA is 9,363,00 sq. km.

Regions of North America

North America as a whole can be divided into 3 main regions:

  • Anglo-America (Canada and USA);
  • Central America (Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Belize, El Salvador and Mexico);
  • Caribbean (Cuba, Jamaica, Antigua, Bahamas, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, Grenada, Cayman Islands, Barbados, Dominican Republic, Dominica and Haiti).

Some cities in North America appeared before our era (they were formed by the Mayan Indians). Now the most populous North American city is Mexico City, the capital of Mexico, which is home to more than 8.9 million people.

Description of North America: list of countries, capitals, cities and resorts. Photos and videos, oceans and seas, mountains, rivers and lakes of North America. Tour operators and tours in North America.

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North America is not only the USA, Mexico and Canada: in total, there are 23 countries on the mainland and nearby islands, 16 of which belong to Latin America, and another 7 to Central America. In addition to independent states, in this region there are so-called dependent territories - modern colonies of European countries and the Americas. North America is a unique continent in its ethnic, natural, climatic and cultural composition, which can be studied endlessly.

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Tourism in North America

America is the second destination after Europe in terms of the number of foreign tourists. Half of international flights take place in the USA and Canada, with the Caribbean islands taking second place, receiving 12 million tourists a year. The main types of tourism are beach, sports, excursion, and business tourism.

There are 5 tourist areas:

  1. The eastern region (northeastern USA and southern Canada) attracts travelers with architectural and historical monuments and the culture of local peoples.
  2. The western zone is an untouched wilderness, national parks of the USA and Canada, famous ski resorts.
  3. The central zone is occupied by agricultural crops, there are no bright attractions, so the flow of travelers is small.
  4. The northern (Alaska and northern Canada) zone is the choice of those who admire the harsh nature, love ski resorts, exotics and are interested in the historical heritage and modern development of the region.
  5. The southern zone is the coast of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans. There is a mild climate, bright sun, warm water in the seas and oceans, so tourists who prefer beach holidays, exoticism and traditional cordiality and hospitality come here.

America's National Parks

Geography

North America is washed by three oceans - the Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic; separated from Eurasia by the Bering Strait, and from South America by the Isthmus of Panama. The western part of the continent is occupied by the Cordillera mountain system, where the highest point of the continent is located - Mount McKinley (6194 m). The lowest point is Death Valley (86 m below sea level). The most famous natural monuments of North America are the Grand Canyon on the Colorado River, Yellowstone Park, Niagara Falls, and the Great Lakes.

The total territory of North America is 24.25 million km², the population is about 579 million people (8% of the world's population). The majority are immigrants from Europe. Also, a significant part of the inhabitants of the mainland are representatives of the Mongoloid race - both immigrants from Asia and the indigenous population - Indians, Aleuts and Eskimos. African Americans make up another 20 million of the population, many mulattoes.

As before, large areas remain uninhabited - this applies to both the mountainous areas in the west of the continent and the northern lands of Alaska. The southern part of the mainland, the Caribbean islands, the Great Lakes region and the Pacific coast are more densely populated.

North American countries

Continental states

It is North America that includes independent states on the exotic Caribbean islands: Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Haiti, Grenada, Dominica, the Dominican Republic, Canada, Cuba, Mexico, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Kitts and Nevis , Trinidad and Tobago, Jamaica.

One of the most interesting (and largest) countries on this continent is USA. There are a lot of national parks, many domestic tourism destinations and world-famous resorts in Florida, Hawaii, and California. Alaska and the northern states attract ski lovers. Those who come to the USA for the first time cannot deny themselves the pleasure of visiting the casinos of Las Vegas, Hollywood and Disneyland in California or Florida. Popular US cities among tourists are New York, Washington, Miami, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Las Vegas.

Canada- a center of ethnographic and ecological tourism: the country’s coasts are not very suitable for a beach holiday. But there are a lot of national parks, forests, lakes that attract nature lovers, and many slopes await lovers of alpine skiing. Here is the famous Niagara Falls, the fantastically beautiful Thousand Islands archipelago at the source of the St. Lawrence River - a famous resort of the early 20th century. And lovers of antiquity are attracted by the historical sights of Ottawa, Quebec, and Toronto.

Mexico can be called an ideal tourist destination: it has some of the best beaches in the world, beautiful national parks, three thousand years of cultural and spiritual heritage of the Mayans, Aztecs and Olmecs. Mexico is also known for excellent service, hospitality and many opportunities for ecotourism, rafting, diving, etc.

America is the second destination after Europe in terms of the number of foreign tourists. Half of international flights take place in the USA and Canada, with the Caribbean islands taking second place, receiving 12 million tourists a year.

Island states

Cuba famous for its beaches, the best of which are located in the vicinity of the country's capital, Havana, and the resort center of Varadero. There are many caves on the island, the most interesting of which is located near the city of Matanzas. Those interested in history will be attracted by a variety of attractions: Trotsky's house, the castle-like Chapultepec Palace, the San Francisco Monastery, and connoisseurs of American literature will certainly visit the Ernest Hemingway house-museum near Havana.

Jamaica- one of the largest islands of the Caribbean archipelago, located in the very center of the Caribbean Sea, at a distance of 145 km south of Cuba. Once the famous island of pirates, Jamaica is now a beach paradise. The recreation area near Montego Bay, the resorts of Negril, Ocho Rios, and Port Antonio are especially popular among tourists. The local underwater park attracts deep-sea diving enthusiasts.

Bahamas are located north of Cuba, not far from the USA. This is an equally famous tourist area. The capital of the archipelago, Nassau, is a resort center with one of the largest casinos. In addition, the Bahamas are famous for its national parks and historical museums, where monuments of ancient Indian culture are exhibited. The Coral World underwater observatory has recently opened.

Dominican Republic- a very fashionable resort in the last decade, located in the eastern part of the island of Haiti. Mountains, evergreen forests, beaches, always fresh tropical fruits and clear waters of the Caribbean Sea attract more than 2 million tourists every year. It was this island that Columbus saw at the end of his famous journey. In honor of him, a grandiose memorial was built on the coast - a monument and museum in the form of a truncated pyramid.

Haiti- a state in the western part of the island of the same name in the Caribbean Sea. It is the most mountainous country in the Caribbean, known for its stunning landscapes and fantastic beaches.

Barbados combines the beauty of nature, the romance of beaches, secluded relaxation and exciting adventures. The island is famous for its rum and the architecture of Bridgetown, on one of the streets of which there is a monument to Admiral Nelson. In the island's national parks, unique species of tropical plants and animals have been preserved in wild conditions, and not far from the coast, divers can admire coral reefs. However, even if you don’t want to leave the beach, you will still appreciate the uniqueness of the local landscape: the sand on the coast of Barbados is pink!

Aruba, British Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Curaçao, Martinique, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, Saint Barthelemy, Sint Maarten, Turks and Caicos Islands. Most of them are islands of volcanic origin, most often dormant volcanoes. Thanks to them, there are many geysers, hot springs and small lakes with “boiling” water. On the coast there are beaches with black and yellow sand. The most fashionable resorts are Anguilla, Antigua, Aruba, Saint Lucia, Curacao, etc.

North America is the third largest continent on our planet. On its territory today there are ten independent North America (a list of which is presented in this article) differing in area, population and economic development. There are many differences between them in other ways, including ethnic, cultural and linguistic.

North American countries and their capitals

America is one of the six parts of the world, consisting of two continents: North and South America. There are ten independent states in North America. Another 13 island countries are located within the Caribbean region. Sometimes they are also classified as states in the North American region.

The countries of North America and their capitals vary in size and population. Here is one of the largest countries on the planet - Canada. On the same continent there is an area 500 times smaller!

The countries of North America and their capitals differ greatly in the level of economic development and well-being of their citizens. Thus, the continent is home to one of the world’s leading economies, the No. 1 country in terms of GDP per capita (we are talking about the USA). At the same time, North America is home to poor, developing countries (such as Nicaragua, Honduras and Guatemala).

All continental countries of North America are listed below, the list also includes the capitals of these states:

  1. Canada (Ottawa).
  2. USA (Washington).
  3. Mexico (Mexico City).
  4. Belize (Belmopan).
  5. Honduras (Tegucigalpa).
  6. Nicaragua (Managua).
  7. Guatemala (Guatemala).
  8. El Salvador (San Salvador).
  9. Costa Rica (San Jose).

Near the mainland there is also the largest island on planet Earth - Greenland, which is an overseas possession of the European state of Denmark.

Largest countries in North America: USA

The United States of America is the fourth largest country on the planet with a population of 325 million people. The territory of the state is divided into 50 states, each of which has its own laws. Some of them amaze with their oddities and meaningless norms. The United States has a powerful diversified economy and the world's strongest army.

It is curious that the United States, despite its vast expanses, borders (by land) only two countries - Canada and Mexico. USA - Immigrants began to come here since the end of the 19th century, from various parts of the planet. Some came to the States in search of a better life, others fled from repression from the former USSR, Yugoslavia, etc. Migrants settled in the United States, as a rule, compactly. This is how Italian, Jewish, Russian, and Chinese quarters were formed here, which managed to preserve the culture and traditions of their countries.

Canada - a country of mountains, lakes and maple syrup

Canada is second in the world. Although only 35 million people live here. Canada is washed by three oceans and is famous primarily for its nature. Beautiful mountain ranges, waterfalls, huge national parks - it's all about Canada! In addition, the country boasts three powerful megacities, in which almost all the financial, intellectual and labor resources of the state are concentrated. These are Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal.

Canada has 20% of the planet's fresh water, 50% of the world's polar bear population and about 80% of the maple syrup produced on Earth. And it is no coincidence that the maple leaf is present on the flag of this state. And it was Canadians (and not Americans, as many people think) who invented basketball.

Mexico - a country of cacti and contrasts

Mexico is another large North American country that lies entirely within a tropical and subtropical climate. Well-known and beloved products - corn and chocolate - were given to the world by this country.

The capital is the oldest city on the entire continent. It was built on the ruins of the ancient city of Tenochtitlan, which was previously inhabited by the Aztecs. Modern Mexicans are descendants of at least five of the most ancient civilizations on the planet.

The Mexican economy is one of the most powerful on the continent. Oil, gas, iron ore are mined here, corn, rice, wheat and soybeans are grown. Mechanical engineering, metallurgy and the chemical industry are very developed in Mexico.

Finally...

Now you know all the countries of North America and their capitals. They differ radically from each other in population, area, and level of economic development.

Countries belonging to North America (from north to south): Canada, USA, Mexico, Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama.