Implementation of the target program “Accessible Environment” for people with disabilities. Program "Accessible Environment" Federal program for children with disabilities

According to 2017 statistics, there are about 15 million disabled people in Russia, which is 10% of the total population. This is hard to believe, since it is rare to meet a disabled person in public places. The reason for this is the infrastructure of Russian cities, which is absolutely not adapted to the needs of people with disabilities. The Government of the Russian Federation intends to correct this situation with the help of the federal program “Accessible Environment”. Let us consider what the main objectives and stages of this program are, as well as what results have been achieved to date.

Legislation

The authorities became concerned about creating comfortable living conditions for people with disabilities after Russia signed the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities in September 2008. In the same year, the government adopted, which became the starting point of the “Accessible Environment” program. Later, the program was extended more than once, and the latest regulatory document in force in relation to it is (as amended on November 9, 2017).

Timing of the program

According to the latest resolution, the total implementation period of the program is 2011-2020. It includes 4 stages.

1. Preparation of the legislative framework in the period from 2011 to 2012.
2. Formation of the material base from 2013 to 2015. This implies additional equipment of public facilities with special devices for people with disabilities, construction of rehabilitation centers, their technical equipment, etc.
3. The years 2016-2018 will see the implementation of the main objectives of the state program, which we will consider later.
4. From 2020 to 2020, a period of summing up the work done and developing further directions for development is planned.

The Ministry of Labor and Social Development was appointed as the body responsible for the phased implementation of the state program. Other participants include the Pension Fund, Social Insurance Fund, ministries of education, sports, housing, finance and other departments. Of course, the activities and initiatives of regional authorities are also important.

Goals and objectives of the “Accessible Environment” program

The main goal of the program is to improve the quality of life of disabled people and their integration into society. Its implementation is planned by achieving the following objectives.

1. Creating an accessible environment for people with limited mobility to vitally needed facilities and services of urban infrastructure.
2. Providing accessible rehabilitation and habilitation (formation of new skills) services for citizens with disabilities. The same task implies access to educational services and employment.
3. Increasing the transparency of the work of ITU experts and the objectivity of the decisions they make.

A budget of 401 billion rubles is planned for the implementation of the assigned tasks. In particular, in 2020 it is planned to spend over 45 billion rubles. The sources for forming the program budget are the federal budget and state extra-budgetary funds.

Based on each of the above tasks, separate subroutines have been compiled.

Subroutine No. 1

The first subprogram is aimed at assessing the existing level of accessibility for people with disabilities of vital urban facilities, as well as creating conditions for its improvement.

The activities within this subprogram include the following.

1. Design of new buildings and modernization of existing ones taking into account the needs of people with disabilities. These are ramps and elevators for the free movement of sedentary citizens, the creation of additional banners that simplify the search for the desired object, etc. Not only government departments, but also residential buildings under construction need to be adapted to the capabilities of people with disabilities.
2. Installation of traffic lights and stops with sound on the streets.
3. Equipping public transport with retractable ramps and introducing new units with a lower floor level.
4. Providing disabled children with the opportunity to receive education on an equal basis with other peers. This concerns not only the creation of a barrier-free environment, but also the technical provision of schools with equipment for the physical and psychological recovery of children (simulators, computers for children with hearing and visual impairments, sensory rooms for relaxation, etc.). It is equally important to have psychologists on staff at the educational institution who provide support to a disabled child if problems arise in communicating with peers.
5. Financing of sports institutions whose activities are aimed at the development of adaptive physical education and Paralympic sports.
6. Conducting cultural events involving the participation of persons with disabilities.
7. Introduction of sign language translation into broadcasts of the main Russian TV channels.

A budget of 35 billion rubles is planned for the implementation of subprogram No. 1.

Subroutine No. 2

The second subprogram is aimed at improving the quality and accessibility of rehabilitation and habilitation services for people with disabilities. Another important goal is to create conditions for them to receive professional training and further employment on an equal basis with those citizens who do not have health limitations.

A number of activities are planned to achieve these goals.

1. Assessing the needs of people with disabilities and creating an industry for the production of specialized goods in accordance with them.
2. The opening of centers focused both on general rehabilitation of disabled people through drug treatment and sanatorium-resort services, and medical habilitation in the form of reconstructive surgery and prosthetics.
3. Introduction to the educational program of lessons aimed at developing an adequate perception of disabled children by other peers.
4. Organization of joint events by social authorities. protection and employment centers for professional training of citizens who, due to health problems, have lost the opportunity to work in their previous specialty.
5. Incentivizing employers with tax incentives to create jobs for people with disabilities.

Funding in the amount of 33.5 billion rubles is provided for the implementation of these goals.

Subprogram No. 3

The third subprogram is aimed at increasing the objectivity of ITU decisions. The goal is planned to be achieved through the following activities.

1. Development of new methods for conducting examinations.
2. Improving the criteria for assigning disability groups.
3. Equipping the ITU bureau with modern diagnostic equipment.
4. Creation of a system for independent assessment of the performance of ITU experts.
5. Establishing effective interaction between ITU institutions at different levels.
6. Improvement of employee qualifications.
7. The creation of public councils at the main ITU bureaus that consider complaints from citizens regarding the unethical behavior of experts.
8. Anti-corruption. For this purpose, it is planned to introduce modern technologies such as electronic queuing, audio and video surveillance into ITU activities.

It is planned to allocate 103 billion rubles for the implementation of subprogram No. 3.

Expected results

By the end of the “Accessible Environment” program in 2020, it is planned to obtain the following target values:

• increasing the share of engineering and transport infrastructure facilities accessible to people with limited mobility to 55%;
• formation in 52.5% of disabled people of a positive assessment of the attitude towards them in society;
• equipping up to 44.7% of regions with rehabilitation centers;
• increasing the proportion of citizens who have completed rehabilitation and habilitation courses to 53.6% among adults and to 69.3% among children;
• increasing employment among able-bodied disabled people to 40%;
• equipping 100% of the main ITU bureaus with modern diagnostic equipment.

These are the targets relevant for 2020. But additions are introduced to the program every year, which also affect its final goals.

Interim results of the program

At the end of 2017, the following results were achieved in improving the quality of life of people with disabilities.

1. On January 1, 2017, the federal register of disabled people began to function. It is an information service in which each participant has access to a personal account with information on all payments and benefits due to him. The system allows you to access government services electronically without visiting departments.
2. The share of public transport retrofitted with specialized devices for disabled people was 11.1%. At the beginning of the program, the figure was 8.3%.
3. The number of subtitled television programs has increased 5 times.
4. The accessibility of medical institutions for people with limited mobility increased to 50.9%.
5. The share of accessible cultural institutions reached 41.4%.
6. Among sports facilities, 54.4% became accessible to the disabled.
7. In the field of education, 21.5% of schools are adapted to the needs of children with disabilities. At the beginning of the program, this figure was only 2%.
8. In 2017, a pilot project began to introduce a system of comprehensive rehabilitation for persons with disabilities in the Sverdlovsk region and Perm region. About 300 million rubles were spent on its implementation during the year.
9. During the year, 32.84 billion rubles were allocated to provide needy citizens with auxiliary technical means, which made it possible to cover 1.6 million people.
10. In November 2017, deputies in the third reading adopted a project to amend the federal law “On Employment in the Russian Federation.” Its goal is to bring Russian labor legislation into compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. The bill involves the interaction of ITU institutions with employment centers in terms of increasing the proportion of employed people with disabilities. At the moment, only 25% of able-bodied citizens with disabilities have a permanent place of work. In Europe this figure reaches 40%.

The scale of implementation of the state program in certain constituent entities of the Russian Federation also depends on the activity and financial capabilities of regional authorities. Some of them have achieved significant results in improving the quality of life of people with disabilities. Thus, in the capital of Buryatia, an entire residential block has been designed for people with disabilities. In addition to housing, it includes medical institutions, shops, and sports facilities. Houses adapted to the needs of wheelchair users are also being actively built in Moscow and St. Petersburg.

The “Accessible Environment” program has been implemented for the past 7 years. During this time, significant improvements have been achieved in the quality of life of disabled people and their position in Russian society. The first significant results confirm the correctness of the chosen direction, and therefore the government is considering the possibility of extending the state program until 2025.

The “Accessible Environment” refers to a state multi-purpose program created to support and protect people who have physical or mental limitations due to the presence of a disease. We are talking about various measures that should be implemented at the regional and federal levels in order to promote habilitation and rehabilitation of sedentary people and people with disabilities. The first wave of implementation of the program in question took place from 2011 to 2012. Then the corresponding activities were carried out in 2015-2018. The fourth stage is currently underway (started in 2018 and will end in 2020).

The “Accessible Environment” program and its legislative framework

Thanks to this program (document), the international community, as well as the citizens themselves, saw that Russia is ready to provide people with disabilities with the rights to rehabilitation and adaptation. At the same time, it was decided to focus on an international treaty, that is, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of December 13, 2006. Experts say that a set of measures designed to ensure accessibility of the environment conditionally divided into parts (they were briefly mentioned above):

2011 – 2012 – a regulatory framework was being formed, specific tasks were formulated, and financial sources were identified;

2013 – 2015 – using part of the funds from the federal budget, they created rehabilitation centers and equipped them with special equipment (this also applied to educational and medical institutions);

2016 – 2018 – the completion of the main tasks took place (the process was controlled by the subjects of the country);

2019 – 2020 – the results of the program should be summed up with a subsequent survey regarding the remaining problems for people with disabilities in terms of accessibility.

As a result, members of the Government (more precisely, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation), who are responsible for the implementation of the program, are obliged to report on the work performed, achievements and remaining problems. Departments and government agencies are designated as participants in the program, for example, the Ministry of Industry and Construction, the Social Insurance Fund, etc.

Regulatory acts regulating the program in 2018-2020. can be called:

By the way, experts suggest learning about the implementation of points from published annual reports, which contain information about results, statistics and financial support.

Objectives and goals of the program accessible environment

The program discussed in this material was created to achieve the following goals and objectives:

Assessing the accessibility of services and facilities for persons with disabilities, as well as increasing this level;

Ensuring equal access for every disabled person to any service or rehabilitation aid;

Modernization of government ITU systems;

Formation of a friendly attitude towards people with disabilities.

The main goal of the “Accessible Environment” is to create conditions for unimpeded access for a disabled person to a priority object, and to any one. The same applies to important services. In addition, people with disabilities should be transferred from a passive economic group to a more active one through assistance in terms of employment and employment.

Existing routines

Experts note that to ensure accessibility to priority facilities for disabled people and beyond, certain measures are being implemented, in particular:

Financial support for sports institutions that focus on adaptive sports for persons with disabilities, etc.;

Training of specialists who will be part of the psychological, medical and pedagogical commission at the educational institution and will make decisions regarding the possibility of a disabled child to receive education in a regular school;

Installation of rehabilitation, educational, computer equipment in the educational institution, plus provision of vehicles, so that a child with certain disabilities can study on an equal basis with other children;

Subtitling (hidden) of any program broadcast on all-Russian public television channels;

Bringing a structure or building into compliance with the rules and regulations that determine accessibility for persons with disabilities (for example, the presence of elevators, signs, etc. is important);

Adaptation of entrance, stairs, ramps (ramps), sanitary and hygienic premises, service areas, etc.

To improve the mechanism according to which a person with disabilities is provided with MSE or rehabilitation services, attention is paid to such points as:

Revision of the criteria and classification used in carrying out the survey;

Improving the quality of activities carried out in accordance with the IPR and related to the habilitation of children with disabilities;

Development and implementation of an independent assessment of the quality of services that a disabled person receives during MSA.

Experts explain the need for a new justification for disability by the widespread introduction of new diagnostic and treatment methods. For example, it was necessary to develop more detailed criteria for setting restrictions. As for improving the quality side of a service such as ITU, measures are being implemented here:

Providing staffing;

Openness of the bureau's activities;

Outreach, ethics;

Prevention of corruption.

In addition, one should not lose sight of the clinical and functional features, which differ at different age stages. It is known that in several regions of the country, in order to eliminate social risk, improvements on these issues were carried out in 2018, and implementation should occur in 2019.

Also, new criteria and classifications are being gradually introduced to determine the loss of professional ability to work due to an occupational disease or accident. Plus, there are requirements based on which buildings for educational, educational, and rehabilitation institutions should be designed. For example, it is important here:

Create small classes or groups within which each child receives a sufficient amount of attention;

Prepare learning spaces so that the child’s limitations are taken into account;

Use new technical means and teaching methods;

Include rehabilitation medical equipment in the building.

Of course, these points represent only part of the rules and regulations that require implementation and actual application. Next, we will take a closer look at the rules with which modern residential buildings are designed.

Accessible housing for people with disabilities

The adjacent space must remain accessible to any person with disabilities (this is regulated by law). It is possible, if necessary, to refurbish personal and public premises. Experts say, for example, the following standards:

Elevator for wheelchair users and more;

Side ramps and continuous fences on both sides of the porch;

Steps with a rough coating and highlighting the lower and upper steps with color or texture;

Fencing on porch canopy, drains and electric lighting;

A sign on the front door indicating the number of the house and apartments, and the same information nearby should be in Braille.

When there is a single step in front of the entrance, the estimate according to the rules includes replacing it with a ramp, and if there are more stairs, it is necessary to build such a side device. Also, courtyards should be equipped with tactile road signs, and in front of the entrance there should be a place to turn the stroller around.

If we consider the premises in which a person with disabilities lives, it also meets the norms and rules. In the existing list, in addition to the living room,:

Combined bathroom;

Corridor from 4 sq.m;

Removable ramps in doorways.

The dimensions of openings, platforms, etc. should be discussed individually. In any case, it is important to obtain permission to refurbish the space.

Features of the “Accessible Environment” program in the regions

A striking example of the implementation of the program in Moscow can be called “Tennis Park” (Ryazansky Prospekt). This sports facility is completely barrier-free and allows Paralympians in wheelchairs to prepare for tennis competitions. The building contains adaptive sanitary rooms and tactile movement patterns. There was also convenient parking. Many educational institutions have installed an electronic display, a ticker, a mobile stair lift, a telescopic ramp, and an information terminal.

In the Tver region, cultural institutions and employment centers are being actively equipped with the necessary equipment. For example, during the work of the program, they acquired a personnel calling system, as well as mnemonic diagrams, sound amplification equipment and some other technical equipment.

In St. Petersburg, the priority area is social support for people with disabilities, that is, here, first of all, they strive to improve the quality of life and the position of people with disabilities in society. The system for organizing the educational process for disabled children (including those who cannot move without the help of others) is developing well. There are correctional schools in the Admiralteysky, Vyborgsky, Kalininsky, Primorsky and Petrogradsky districts. Vehicles with retractable ramps and low floors are being introduced. Metro accessibility is also one of the challenges.

The Russian Federation is a democratic state where power is concentrated in the hands of the people, which is manifested in the rights to choose and be elected. On the other hand, the implementation of state policy is carried out on the basis of the needs of the population, and is formed with the aim of improving the living conditions of citizens. Persons with disabilities deserve special attention. Considering the everyday difficulties faced by incapacitated citizens, the need arose to develop and implement the “Accessible Environment” social program for people with disabilities.

Legislative regulation of the issue

The program to assist all groups of disabled people is a set of activities aimed at adapting people with disabilities in everyday life. This concerns not only such global issues as the arrangement and construction of new medical institutions and rehabilitation centers, but also the creation of conditions for learning and comfortable living in the home environment (patronage nurses, volunteer assistance, renovation and expansion of residential premises).

The state program “Accessible Environment” for people with disabilities was developed on the basis of international bills ratified in Russia. Now its implementation is carried out in accordance with federal laws.

Table No. 1 “Legal regulation of the issue”

Acceptance date	Document name	Basic provisions
13.12.2006 № 61		Establishes that every disabled person (regardless of the circumstances of receipt of incapacity) must be guaranteed additional social support from the state. The purpose of the Convention is to protect rights and freedoms, encourage personal development
03.05.2012 № 46		It has been recorded that the “Accessible Environment” project for people with disabilities is to be implemented on the territory of the Russian Federation with the adaptation of activities to the needs of citizens of the state
21.07.2014№ 1365		Fundamental measures and actions have been developed aimed at developing ways to improve the lives of persons with disabilities
01.12.2015№ 1297		Based on the accumulated experience in implementing this social policy, a list of shortcomings and areas requiring attention has been compiled
23.02.2018 № 308	Government Order “On additional measures to implement the program”	Practical measures aimed at achieving the goals have been recorded

As is typical for a project of a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities, activities are not implemented evenly, but depending on the needs and capabilities of each individual region. The number of incapacitated persons living in a particular area is taken as a basis. Upon completion of the project, it is expected that life will be restored in all corners of Russia.

Program stages

The success of the event is the competent and consistent implementation of the set goals. In this way, it is possible to gradually cover all areas of activity, guaranteeing people with disabilities comfortable and full-fledged conditions for development.

Table No. 2 “Stages of implementation of the social policy of accessible environment”

Program stages	Implementation Features
2011-2012	Creating a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities requires the formation of a sufficient regulatory and legal framework. Therefore, at the first stage, laws were signed and adopted in various spheres of life, on the basis of which it became possible to move on to the practical part of the project
2013-2015	Considering the scale of the planned activities, it is impossible to do without sufficient financial support. Therefore, the second step is to search for sources of investment of financial resources, as well as distribute the federal budget in such a way that part of the funds is spent within the framework of the “Accessible Environment”
2016-2018	The organization of interaction between government bodies and local units, as well as between various departmental institutions, guarantees a simultaneous influence on all spheres of life. This period can be called a rehabilitation period, since trial projects have started in many areas
2020-2020	Analysis of the obtained intermediate results, search for shortcomings of the project, formation of an effective approach to the further procedure for implementing the project in other administrative entities of the state. Investing finances in local budgets
2021-2025	It is planned to complete the construction of rehabilitation centers and the purchase of necessary equipment before this time. At this stage, it is necessary to carry out the training of visiting nurses, specialized personnel, and develop methods of effective cooperation with all groups of disabled people

The third phase of the project is scheduled to be completed this year. According to government authorities, the program is being implemented in accordance with target requirements.

Goals and objectives of the Federal Target Program “Accessible Environment”

Among people with disabilities, the lion's share of talented people who, unfortunately, have little chance of developing and doing what they love. This is due both to psychological problems and to the lack of sufficient material resources for training and targeted training. A barrier-free environment for disabled people of all groups is a chance to do what they love and feel like a full-fledged member of society.

The main objectives of the project include the following:

• the formation of a regulatory framework that guarantees every disabled person the rights and opportunities equal to physically healthy citizens;
• development of social programs aimed at providing economic support for such persons;
• construction of institutions for education, health and rehabilitation of citizens;
• training of specialists in the field of providing comprehensive assistance to citizens with disabilities;
• social and material;
• assistance in finding employment in state and municipal authorities.

One of the directions of the project is the analysis of citizens’ opinions regarding important aspects of cooperation with people with disabilities. Which will certainly contribute to the establishment of joint work between disabled people and physically healthy people.

Based on the specified list of goals, government agencies have been assigned the following tasks:

• provision of free medical care;
• organization of workplaces.

Issues of financing the Federal Target Program

The Accessibility for Persons with Disabilities Act of 2020 involves obtaining funds for the implementation of the program from several sources:

• state budget;
• investments;
• charitable contributions.

This year it is planned to allocate up to 53 million rubles for the implementation of plans. The amount must be divided between different regions. At the same time, it was established that the share of government investments should not exceed 70% of the total costs.

Subprograms of the “Accessible Environment” and features of their implementation

The state program is being implemented sequentially, covering different spheres of life in turn. This is done to ensure a comprehensive approach and effective results.

Table No. 3 “Routines for a barrier-free environment”

Name	Main events
Formation of free and convenient access to public services	Carrying out construction work through which institutions are equipped with ramps. Installation of signs and maps of the locality in public places. Organization of cultural events for people with disabilities
Adaptation in the main areas of life	Conducting special classes with the population in order to eliminate prejudice towards people with disabilities. Encouraging employers to attract such citizens to work. Formation of inclusive classes for children with disabilities
Availability of medical care	Equipping the buildings of city clinics with additional means of transportation for the disabled and equipment. Mandatory training for specialists in this field

Important! By the beginning of this year, the construction of several dozen more specialized institutions for the disabled was completed. As a result, the number of such organizations increased by 45% compared to the years before the start of the program.

Interim results of the implementation of the Federal Target Program “Accessible Environment”

Despite the fact that the practical phase of the plan began only two years ago, significant achievements in this direction are already evident. In particular, positive results include the following changes:

• increasing the number of employed people with disabilities in state and private enterprises;
• growth in the number of centers where it is carried out;
• involvement of people with disabilities in cultural events;
• increasing the number of public transport with wheelchair accessible seats;
• within the framework of the “Accessible Environment”, traffic lights with special sound signals were installed for the visually impaired;
• For people with poor hearing, programs are broadcast accompanied by sign language.

Such events are organized in almost all big cities, which affects the increased safety of people with disabilities in public places and on the roads.

What is being done for disabled children

In addition to the fact that specialized classes are organized where classes are held, local schools are also being reformed, manifested in the following events:

• creating convenient access roads to schools;
• organization of indoor movement for wheelchair users;
• purchasing equipment for additional activities (for example, swimming).

It is also successfully carried out at sanatoriums, recreation centers and specialized medical centers.

Regional successes

Since the implementation of the plan occurs sequentially, different regions develop their own priority goals and implement the most pressing activities.

Target federal "Accessible Environment" program in Russia is intended to make living conditions for people with disabilities more comfortable and of higher quality. The development of this project began even before Russia signed the international Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the UN.

The preparatory process began already in 2008 and lasted until 2011. Its significance was explained by official sociological data on the number of disabled people in our country. By that time the figure had reached 9% of the total population. Statistics showed that 30% of the total number of people with disabilities were of working age and would like to actively participate in the life of society. Sociologists have also noted an increase in the number of children with congenital physical disabilities, who also require special conditions for life.

It was decided to carry out the state program in two stages. The first period fell in 2011-2012, when lawyers created a legal framework to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities, sociologists, psychologists and other specialists conducted public opinion research, created consulting services, developed mechanisms and tools that would allow the following actions to be carried out within the framework of the program. The second stage was planned to be carried out from 2013 to 2016. In total, the federal budget allocated 168.44 billion rubles., which must be implemented at all levels by 2020.

Objectives of the “Accessible Environment” program

Implementation of this program in the Russian Federation will improve the quality of medical care for people with disabilities and create favorable conditions for their involvement in public life in various areas. Disabled people will be given all the opportunities that ordinary people can enjoy in the state.

Accessible Environment Program 2019 consists of two parts aimed at:

• creating easy access to main facilities and services in the main areas of life for people with disabilities;
• improving the quality of rehabilitation services and improving the entire state medical system.

During their implementation, the following should be obtained:

• objective assessments that would improve the level of accessibility of all public and social facilities and services for people with disabilities;
• equal access to all rehabilitation means and services for people with disabilities;
• improving the quality of functioning of the state system of medical and social examination.

Social work in society must rise to a new level of quality.

The long-term program creates conditions and prepares a legislative framework that would ensure the creation of a comfortable environment for people with disabilities even after the end of this federal program. So, they are created employment assistance centers, which allow the entrepreneur to compensate for the costs of arranging a workplace for people with disabilities. Measures to improve the quality of life of disabled people are long-term in nature.

Implementation of the “Accessible Environment” program

How the program is financed at different levels and what innovations can be introduced into the lives of people with disabilities can be found on the website about federal target programs, where they are published reports and key performance indicators.

At the second stage of the program, the regional component is actively involved in project financing. In any region, city, or town, people with disabilities should receive everything they need to improve their quality of life.

Regional programs

The implementation of the federal program aimed at improving the lives of people with disabilities is carried out at the expense of extrabudgetary funds. Comprehensive implementation allows the regional budget to bear the entire 40% of total volume the cost of all ongoing activities. But due to the different economic situation of the regions, the speed of implementation of the planned tasks is different everywhere. Therefore, the plan for introducing new social institutions for people with disabilities and creating an accessible environment is being implemented differently everywhere.

Some regional authorities themselves are adopting their own local programs to create a barrier-free environment, which are designed not only for the duration of the federal target program, but also for the following years.

Conclusion

Results of the implementation of the main stages of the federal program to create an accessible environment:

• the program has become an alternative to targeted assistance. Thanks to her, it was possible to create entire public institutions and tools that allow people with disabilities to be more actively involved in modern life and realize their talents;
• the performances of the Russian Paralympic team at the Winter Olympics in Sochi proved that such people can show incredible results in sports and in life;
• Involving people with disabilities in various areas of work, where they could realize their abilities, will not only provide high economic indicators, but will also provide more comfortable social conditions for the development of society as a whole.