What is the name of the disorder? Mental and behavioral disorders
All over the world people suffer from mental illness of one kind or another. According to other data, every fifth person in the world has a mental or behavioral disorder.
In total, there are about 200 clinically diagnosable diseases, which can be divided into five types: mood disorders, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia and psychotic disorders, eating disorders, and dementia.
Depression is the most common mental illness. The World Health Organization estimates that by 2020, depression will become the second leading cause of disability worldwide, after cardiovascular disease. Slightly less common were generalized anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and anorexia, as well as eating non-food items.
How to recognize the first signs of the disease
This is fine. But as soon as emotions begin to spoil life, they become a problem that indicates a possible mental disorder.
Signs of mental illness are fairly easy to spot. When we feel so anxious that we cannot go to the store, call the phone, or talk without panic attacks. When we are so sad that we lose our appetite, there is no desire to get out of bed, and it is impossible to concentrate on the simplest tasks.
Simon Wessely, President of the Royal College of Psychiatrists and Lecturer at King's College London
Looking at yourself in the mirror for too long or being obsessed with your appearance can also indicate health problems. An equally serious signal should be changes in appetite (both increase and decrease), sleep patterns, and indifference to interesting pastimes. All this may indicate depression.
Voices in your head are signs of much more serious problems. And, of course, not everyone who suffers from mental illness hears them. Not everyone who is depressed will cry. Symptoms are always variable and may vary depending on age and gender. Some people may not notice changes in themselves. But, if changes indicating illness are obvious to people around you, then you should consult a psychiatrist.
What causes mental illness
The causes of mental illness combine natural and social factors. However, some diseases, such as schizophrenia and bipolar personality disorder, may be due to a genetic predisposition.
Mental illness occurs twice as often after natural disasters and catastrophes. This is also affected by changes in a person’s life and physical health. However, the clear causes of the disorder are currently unknown.
How to make a diagnosis
Of course, you can do self-diagnosis and look for a description of the problems on the Internet. This can be useful, but such results should be trusted with great caution. It is best to contact a specialist to receive qualified assistance.
Medical diagnosis can take a very long time, perhaps years. Getting a diagnosis is the beginning, not the end. Each case proceeds individually.
How to be treated
The concept of “mental illness” has changed over time. Today, electrotherapy is prohibited, like many other forms of treatment, so they try to help patients with drugs and psychotherapy. However, therapy is not a panacea, and drugs are most often insufficiently studied due to low funding and the impossibility of conducting mass studies. It is impossible to treat such diseases according to a template.
Is a cure possible?
Yes. People can fully recover from acute illness and learn to overcome chronic conditions. The diagnosis can change, and life can get better. After all, the main goal of treatment is to give a person the opportunity to live the life he wants.
Mental disorders
By 2020, diseases that are associated with mental disorders will appear in the top five diseases that lead to disability. This data is provided by the World Health Organization. According to recent studies, alarming symptoms worry every third resident of Russia.
Mental disorders occur for a number of reasons. These are external factors, heredity and genetic predisposition, although all the reasons are still not known to science.
Anything that disables the nervous system ultimately becomes the basis for the development of mental illnesses. Mental disorders occur for no apparent reason, and after stress, overwork, contact with toxic substances, consumption of alcohol and psychoactive substances.
Often, hereditary mental illnesses manifest themselves in childhood. Main symptoms:
- developmental delay
- excessive emotionality
- severe reactions to harsh remarks and adverse events
- inappropriate behavior
Other mental health problems become noticeable during adolescence. For example, signs of schizophrenia. Deviations that are associated with genetic predisposition also make themselves known early.
Mental illnesses are treatable. In our magazine, experienced psychiatrists and psychotherapists write about all the phenomena of psychiatry: about the clinical picture, diagnosis and methods that can return you to normal life. Who else to trust in such a serious matter if not competent and experienced doctors?
Doctors use clinical and laboratory methods to diagnose diseases. At the first stage, psychiatrists talk with the person and observe his behavior. There are laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods - Neurotest and Neurophysiological test system.
Special medications can combat the disease. Experts prescribe antidepressants, tranquilizers, nootropics, and antipsychotics. Individual, group, family and gestalt therapy are also considered effective methods of rehabilitation.
Kinds
There are different approaches to dividing mental illness into types. Main types of mental disorders:
- Mood disorders - depression, bipolar disorder
- Neuroses - anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, neurasthenia
- Schizophrenia and related diseases, various psychoses
- Addictions - eating disorders, dependence on psychotropic substances
What mental illnesses there are are described in detail in the ICD, tenth revision. They are divided into 11 blocks.
The first group of classification includes mental complications after diseases and brain injuries and serious illnesses such as stroke. They are called organic mental disorders. This group includes symptomatic mental health problems (due to infections, cancer). Codes F00 - F09.
The next group (F10 - F19) describes diseases that are caused by substance abuse and addiction. We are talking about alcohol, drugs and other psychoactive substances. This group includes dependence and withdrawal syndromes.
Class with codes F20 - F29 characterizes schizophrenia, schizopytic and delusional disorders. They are characterized by distorted perception, which manifests itself in the form of hallucinations, and distorted thinking - the patient experiences delusional statements and ideas.
Mood disorders (also called affective) are indicated by codes F30 - F39. Their peculiarity is a change in emotions towards pessimistic views, anxiety and apathy towards everything. The opposite state is also possible, when a person’s mood is elevated without reason, to the point of carelessness and euphoria.
The class of neurotic conditions is associated with various kinds of phobias and anxiety states. Disorders that are associated with obsessive thoughts, constant discomfort and pain in the heart, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory and autonomic systems (psychosomatic disorders) are separately described. Codes F40 - F49.
Group F50 - F59 indicates a clinical picture of behavioral disorders. These include problems with eating, sleeping, sexual dysfunction and others.
Under codes F60 - F69, several types of mental personality disorders are distinguished. This category is united by a common feature - a person’s behavior constantly leads to conflicts with others, or vice versa, a person becomes dependent on other people:
- emotionally unstable (explosive) personality disorder
- schizoid
- paranoid
- dependent
- alarming
- dissocial (sociopathy)
Forms of mental retardation - from mild to profound - are described by class F70 - F79. Signs include mental retardation or incompleteness. Mental retardation occurs due to irreversible damage to the central nervous system during pregnancy or childbirth.
Problems with speech, coordination, and motor functions indicate mental development disorders, which are designated F80 - F89.
The penultimate group F90 - F98 characterizes emotional and behavioral disorders in children and adolescents, and the next one contains all unspecified mental health problems.
Popular mental disorders
The number of cases of mental illness worries doctors around the world. As noted by practicing psychotherapists and psychiatrists, depression and phobias are the main mental illnesses.
Depression is a common medical finding. Any depressive disorder (even the mildest) is dangerous due to decreased performance up to disability and suicidal thoughts.
Mental illnesses that are associated with a feeling of fear make up a huge list. A person is capable of panic fear not only of the dark, heights or confined spaces. He feels fear when he sees:
- animals, insects
- crowds of people, public speaking, afraid of getting into an awkward situation in public
- cars, metro, ground public transport
Here we are not talking about fear as a sense of self-preservation. People with this disorder are afraid of things that do not pose a real threat to their health or life.
Major mental illnesses are also associated with sleep disturbances, eating problems, and alcohol and substance abuse.
Eating disorders are anorexia and bulimia. With anorexia, a person brings himself to a state where he is unable to eat normally, and the sight of food disgusts him. With bulimia, a person does not control the amount of food eaten, does not experience the taste of food and does not feel full. After breakdowns (overeating), repentance comes, which is reinforced by attempts to quickly remove food from the body. The person begins to provoke vomiting, drinks laxatives and diuretics.
In our magazine, the experts are practicing doctors - psychotherapists and psychiatrists. The articles describe the clinical picture of various syndromes and diseases, diagnosis and methods of restoring health.
The article provides an overview of the symptoms and syndromes of mental disorders, including the features of their manifestation in children, adolescents, the elderly, men and women. Some methods and remedies used in traditional and alternative medicine to treat such diseases are mentioned.
Syndromes and signs
Asthenic syndrome
The painful condition, also called asthenia, neuropsychic weakness or chronic fatigue syndrome, is manifested by increased fatigue and exhaustion. Patients experience a weakening or complete loss of the ability to perform any prolonged physical and mental stress.
The development of asthenic syndrome can lead to:
Asthenic syndrome can be observed both at the initial stage of development of a disease of internal organs, and may occur after an acute illness.
Asthenia often accompanies a chronic disease, being one of its manifestations.
Chronic fatigue syndrome most often occurs in people with an unbalanced or weak type of higher nervous activity.
The presence of asthenia is indicated by the following signs:
- irritable weakness;
- prevalence of low mood;
- sleep disorders;
- intolerance to bright light, noise and strong odors;
- headache;
- weather dependent.
Manifestations of neuropsychic weakness are determined by the underlying disease. For example, with atherosclerosis, severe memory impairment is observed, with hypertension - painful sensations in the heart area and headaches.
Obsessiveness
The term “obsession” (obsessive state, compulsion) is used to refer to a set of symptoms associated with periodically occurring intrusive unwanted thoughts, ideas, and ideas. 
An individual who fixates on such thoughts, which usually cause negative emotions or a stressful state, finds it difficult to get rid of them. This syndrome can manifest itself in the form of obsessive fears, thoughts and images, the desire to get rid of which often leads to the performance of special “rituals” - copulsions.
Psychiatrists have identified several distinctive signs of obsessive states:
- Obsessive thoughts are reproduced by the consciousness arbitrarily (against the will of the person), while the consciousness remains clear. The patient tries to fight obsession.
- Obsessions are alien to thinking; there is no visible connection between obsessive thoughts and the content of thinking.
- Obsession is closely related to emotions, often depressive in nature, and anxiety.
- Obsessions do not affect intellectual abilities.
- The patient realizes the unnaturalness of obsessive thoughts and maintains a critical attitude towards them.
Affective syndrome
Affective syndromes are symptom complexes of mental disorders that are closely related to mood disorders. 
There are two groups of affective syndromes:
- With a predominance of manic (elevated) mood
- With a predominance of depressive (low) mood.
In the clinical picture of affective syndromes, the leading role belongs to disturbances in the emotional sphere - from small mood swings to quite pronounced mood disorders (affects).
By nature, all affects are divided into sthenic, which occur with a predominance of excitement (delight, joy), and asthenic, which occur with a predominance of inhibition (melancholy, fear, sadness, despair).
Affective syndromes are observed in many diseases: with circular psychosis and schizophrenia they are the only manifestations of the disease, with progressive paralysis, syphilis, brain tumors, vascular psychoses - its initial manifestations.
Affective syndromes are disorders such as depression, dysphoria, euphoria, mania. 
Depression is a fairly common mental disorder that requires special attention, since 50% of people who attempt suicide show signs of this mental disorder.
Characteristic features of depression:
- low mood;
- pessimistic attitude to reality, negative judgments;
- motor and volitional inhibition;
- inhibition of instinctive activity (loss of appetite or, conversely, a tendency to overeat, decreased sexual desire);
- focus on painful experiences and difficulties in concentrating;
- decreased self-esteem.
Dysphoria, or mood disorders, which are characterized by an angry-sad, intense affect with irritability leading to outbursts of anger and aggressiveness, are characteristic of psychopaths of the excitable type and alcoholics.
Dysphoria often occurs in epilepsy and organic diseases of the central nervous system.
Euphoria, or high spirits with a hint of carelessness and contentment, not accompanied by acceleration of associative processes, is found in the clinic of atherosclerosis, progressive paralysis, and brain injury.
Mania
Psychopathological syndrome, which is characterized by a triad of symptoms:
- unmotivated high mood,
- acceleration of thinking and speech,
- motor excitement.
There are signs that do not appear in all cases of manic syndrome:
- increased instinctive activity (increased appetite, sexual desire, self-protective tendencies),
- instability of attention and overestimation of oneself as an individual, sometimes reaching delusional ideas of greatness.
A similar condition can occur with schizophrenia, intoxication, infections, injuries, brain damage and other diseases.
Senesthopathy
The term “senesthopathy” defines a suddenly appearing painful, extremely unpleasant bodily sensation.
This sensation, devoid of objectivity, occurs at the site of localization, although there is no objective pathological process in it.
Senestopathies are common symptoms of mental disorders, as well as structural components of depressive syndrome, hypochondriacal delirium, and mental automatism syndrome.
Hypochondriacal syndrome
Hypochondria (hypochondriacal disorder) is a condition characterized by constant anxiety about the possibility of getting sick, complaints, concern for one’s well-being, the perception of ordinary sensations as abnormal, assumptions about the presence, in addition to the main disease, of some additional disease. 
Most often, concerns arise about the heart, gastrointestinal tract, genitals and brain. Pathological attention can lead to certain malfunctions in the functioning of the body.
Certain personality traits contribute to the development of hypochondria: suspiciousness, anxiety, depression.
Illusion
Illusions are distorted perceptions in which a really existing object or phenomenon is not recognized, but another image is perceived instead.
There are the following types of illusions:
- Physical, including optical, acoustic
- Physiological;
- Affective;
- Verbal, etc.
Metamorphopsia (organic), physical and physiological illusions can occur in people whose mental health is not in doubt. A patient with optical illusions may perceive a raincoat hanging on a hanger as a lurking killer, stains on bed linen seem to be beetles, a belt on the back of a chair seems like a snake. 
With acoustic illusions, the patient distinguishes threats addressed to himself in an overheard conversation, and perceives the remarks of passers-by as accusations and insults addressed to him.
Most often, illusions are observed in infectious and intoxicating diseases, but can occur in other painful conditions.
Fear, fatigue, anxiety, exhaustion, as well as distortion of perception due to poor lighting, noise, decreased hearing and visual acuity predispose to the occurrence of illusions.
Hallucination
An image that appears in consciousness without a stimulus is called a hallucination. In other words, this is an error, an error in the perception of the senses, when a person sees, hears, feels something that does not really exist.
Conditions under which hallucinations occur:
There are true, functional and other types of hallucinations. True hallucinations are usually classified according to analyzers: visual, acoustic, tactile, gustatory, olfactory, somatic, motor, vestibular, complex.
Delusional disorders
Delusional disorder is a condition characterized by the presence of delusions - a disorder of thinking, accompanied by the emergence of reasoning, ideas and conclusions that are far from reality.
There are three groups of delusional states, united by a common content:
Catatonic syndromes
Catatonic syndrome belongs to a group of psychopathological syndromes, the main clinical manifestation of which is movement disorders.
The structure of this syndrome is:
- Catatonic excitement (pathetic, impulsive, silent).
- Catatonic stupor (cataleptic, negativistic, stupor with numbness).
Depending on the form of excitation, the patient may experience moderate or pronounced motor and speech activity.
Extreme degree of excitement - chaotic, senseless actions of an aggressive nature, causing severe damage to oneself and others.
The state of catatonic stupor is characterized by motor retardation and silence. The patient may be in a constrained state for a long time - up to several months.
Diseases in which manifestations of catatonic syndromes are possible: schizophrenia, infectious, organic and other psychoses.
Blackout
Twilight disorder (stupefaction) is one of the types of disturbance of consciousness that occurs suddenly and is manifested by the patient’s inability to navigate the world around him.
At the same time, the ability to perform habitual actions remains unchanged, speech and motor excitation, affects of fear, anger and melancholy are observed.
Acute delusions of persecution and predominantly visual hallucinations of a frightening nature may occur. Delusional ideas of persecution and grandeur become determining factors in the behavior of the patient, who can commit destructive, aggressive actions.
Twilight stupefaction is characterized by amnesia - complete forgetting of the period of the disorder. This condition is observed in epilepsy and organic lesions of the cerebral hemispheres. Less common in traumatic brain injury and hysteria.
Dementia
The term “dementia” is used to denote an irreversible impoverishment of mental activity with a loss or decrease in the knowledge and skills acquired before the onset of this state and the inability to acquire new ones. Dementia occurs as a result of past illnesses. 
According to the degree of severity, they are distinguished:
- Complete (total), which arose with progressive paralysis, Pick's disease.
- Partial dementia(for vascular diseases of the central nervous system, consequences of traumatic brain injury, chronic alcoholism).
With complete dementia There are profound impairments in criticism, memory, judgment, unproductive thinking, the disappearance of individual character traits previously inherent in the patient, as well as a carefree mood.
With partial dementia There is a moderate decrease in criticism, memory, and judgment. Low mood with irritability, tearfulness, and fatigue predominates.
Video: Growth of mental illnesses in Russia
Symptoms of mental disorder
Among women. There is an increased risk of developing mental disorders in the premenstrual period, during and after pregnancy, during middle age and aging. Eating disorders, affective disorders, including postpartum, depression.
In men. Mental disorders occur more often than in women. Traumatic and alcoholic psychoses.
In children. One of the most common disorders is attention deficit disorder. Symptoms include problems with long-term concentration, hyperactivity, and poor impulse control.
In teenagers. Eating disorders are common. School phobias, hyperactivity syndrome, and anxiety disorders are observed.
In the elderly. Mental illnesses are detected more often than in young and middle-aged people. Symptoms of dementia, depression, psychogenic-neurotic disorders.
Video: Panic attacks
Treatment and prevention
In the treatment of asthenic syndrome The main efforts are directed towards eliminating the cause that led to the disease. General strengthening therapy is carried out, including taking vitamins and glucose, proper organization of work and rest, restoring sleep, good nutrition, dosed physical activity, and prescribing medications: nootropics, antidepressants, sedatives, anabolic steroids.
Treatment of obsessive disorders is carried out by eliminating the causes that injure the patient, as well as by influencing the pathophysiological links in the brain.
Therapy for affective states begins with establishing supervision and referring the patient to a specialist. Depressed patients who are capable of making a suicide attempt are subject to hospitalization.
When prescribing drug therapy, the characteristics of the patient’s condition are taken into account. For example, in case of depression, which is a phase of circular psychosis, psychotropic drugs are used, and in the presence of anxiety, combined treatment with antidepressants and antipsychotic drugs is prescribed.
Acute mental disorder in the form of a manic state is an indication for hospitalization, which is necessary to protect others from the inappropriate actions of a sick person. Antipsychotics are used to treat such patients.
Since delirium is a symptom of brain damage, pharmacotherapy and biological methods of influence are used to treat it.
For the treatment of hypochondria It is recommended to use psychotherapeutic techniques. In cases where psychotherapy is ineffective, measures are taken to reduce the significance of hypochondriacal fears. For most cases of hypochondria, drug therapy is excluded.
Folk remedies
The list of remedies used by traditional healers to treat depression includes:
- pollen,
- bananas,
- carrot,
- tinctures of ginseng roots and Manchurian aralia,
- infusions of angelica and bird knotweed,
- peppermint leaf decoction,
- baths with infusion of poplar leaves.
In the arsenal of traditional medicine there are many tips and recipes that help get rid of sleep disorders and a number of other symptoms of mental disorders.
27. Classification of mental disorders, their main groups
There are a lot of classifications of mental illnesses; almost every psychiatric school and every country uses its own methods of dividing mental illnesses. At the same time, according to A.V. Snezhnevsky (1983), all existing classification systems include three main groups of mental pathology:
1) a group of endogenous diseases resulting from internal causes (most often hereditary): schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis, etc.;
2) a group of exogenous diseases, their occurrence involves external “harm”: intoxication, infections, injuries, somatic diseases;
3) a group of mental disorders caused by mental development disorders: mental retardation, personality disorders.
The World Health Organization (WHO) strives to achieve uniformity in the diagnosis and statistics of mental disorders in different countries of the world, so from time to time its experts propose classifications of mental disorders that could be applied in most countries. Since 1997, Russia has introduced the “Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders” of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) instead of the ICD-9 taxonomy that has been in force in our country since the early 80s.
The basic principles of the modern classification of mental disorders are divided into the following diagnostic categories:
F0 - organic, including symptomatic, mental disorders;
F1 - mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances;
F2 - schizophrenia, schizothymic and delusional disorders;
F3 - affective mood disorders;
F4 - neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders;
F6 - disorders of mature personality and behavior in adults;
F7 - mental retardation.
There are other headings in this classification, which, like heading 5, do not have forensic psychiatric significance.
28. Main types of mental processes. Psychopathological symptoms, their grouping and features
2.1. Symptoms of mental disorders
With the help of mental processes, our consciousness displays the existing objective reality independently of us and outside of us - everything around us and ourselves as part of this reality. Thanks to mental processes, we understand the world: with the help of the senses, in the act of perception, we reflect objects and phenomena in our consciousness; with the help of the thinking process we learn the connections between objects and phenomena, really existing patterns; Memory processes are aimed at fixing this information, contributing to the further development of cognition. Thus, perception, thinking and memory constitute the process of cognition. However, mental activity is not limited to knowledge of the world. Part of the mental act is our attitude to the outside world and to everything that happens in it - emotions. Mental phenomena include volitional processes: attention, desires, drives, facial expressions, pantomimes, individual actions and holistic human behavior.
Thus, the main types of mental processes, which together constitute the normal functioning of the human psyche, are: perception, thinking, memory, emotions, volitional processes.
The peculiarities of the course of mental processes, their strength, balance, mobility, direction are purely individual, determined by the biological properties of each person and his social experience. The relationship between the biological and the social in a person constitutes a single, unique personality. Personality is determined by such properties as character, temperament, abilities, and attitudes.
Normally, in a mentally healthy person, all mental processes are harmoniously connected, adequate to the environment and correctly reflect what is happening around. In mental illnesses, this harmony is disturbed, individual mental acts suffer, or the pathological process covers all mental activity in a generalized manner; The most severe mental illnesses affect a person’s personality and affect his human essence.
Mental illness- the result of complex and varied disturbances in the activity of various systems of the human body with predominant damage to the brain.
The most important information for recognizing mental illness can be obtained by identifying, recording and analyzing the clinical signs of a mental disorder - symptoms. Symptoms are derivatives of the disease, part of it. They are generated by the same reasons as the disease in general. Therefore, with their characteristics, symptoms reflect both the general properties of the disease itself and its individual qualities.
The history of the development of the disease not only in the past, but also in the future is created by the dynamics of symptoms. Based on knowledge of the patterns of symptom formation, their content, combinations, and sensitivity to therapeutic effects, one can not only successfully diagnose a mental illness, but also judge the trends in its further course and outcome. Symptoms can only be considered in conjunction with other symptoms and associated signs of the disease.
The diagnostic significance of a symptom is determined by the degree of its specificity. Exhaustion of attention, insomnia, irritability, and headache can be symptoms of both mental illness and severe somatic and neurological diseases. Hallucinations are characteristic of a limited number of mental illnesses.
The same psychopathological symptoms appear differently in different diseases because there are differences in pathogenesis. At the same time, united by a unity of origin, all the symptoms of the same disease have common features.
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Neurosis, the symptoms of which may seem quite harmless at first, always manifests itself against the background of serious emotional experiences. It is the treatment of the cause of the formation of a neurotic state that can finally relieve the patient from multiple disorders of various systems: cardiovascular, nervous and even digestive.
Early symptoms of mental illness
In almost any person, a mild mental disorder under “favorable” conditions can develop into a serious illness. Therefore, it is especially important to know the symptoms of mental illness at an early stage in order to identify the beginnings of a possible mental illness. The main symptoms of mental disorders can be divided into:
- physical (for example, sleep disorders);
- emotional (sadness, fear, anxiety);
- cognitive (fuzzy thinking, memory impairment);
- behavioral (aggression, substance abuse);
- perceptual (hallucinations).
Signs of mental illness manifest differently in different genders.
Signs of mental disorders in men
It is impossible to single out any special list of psychiatric diseases that would be relevant only for men. Men face common mental illnesses, but the male psyche reacts in a special way.
So, common symptoms of mental disorder in men are:
- aggression;
- delirium of jealousy;
- delusions of grandeur (violation of adequate assessment of oneself, as well as others).
At the same time, it is difficult to say what signs of a mental disorder can be visually clearly assessed. In men, the presence of deviations manifests itself in negligence and carelessness (unshaven, poor personal hygiene, untidiness in clothing). As for the behavioral signs of the presence of the disease in men, one can note an aggressive reaction to any minor reason, sudden mood swings, “whining”, complaints for no real reason.
Signs of mental disorders in women
Women's mental disorders also have their own specifics. List of mental illnesses common in women:
- anxiety and depressive disorder;
- affective insanity;
- anorexia and bulimia, gluttony;
- suicidal disorders;
- hysterical states and borderline states.
Separately, the list of mental illnesses can include disorders that occur in pregnant women: manic anxiety about losing the fetus, fear of death (excessive vigilance), and so on.
Mental disorders during pregnancy often cause complications due to the patient’s refusal to take medications. In women with mental disorders, signs of depression and severe apathy are often observed longer and more pronounced after childbirth. In rare cases, a woman's postpartum condition may result in a chronic mental disorder that will require medical supervision and strong medications.
Conclusion
Thus, psychiatry is not only a science that can tell what mental illnesses exist, but also the most important branch of medicine, capable of diagnosing mental illnesses and finding out what exactly causes a specific mental illness in a person. Psychiatry not only gives us a list of mental illnesses, but also develops and implements technologies to solve the problems of a person who has become a hostage to his own psyche.
