How to take a complete ablution according to the sunnah. Sex and ritual purity (ablution)

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For other topics of intimate relationships in Islam, see the section.

Should I wash immediately after having intimate relations with my spouse?

After an intimate relationship with your husband (wife), there is no need to immediately perform (ghusl). You can put it off until the morning. The wife of the Prophet Muhammad ‘Aisha reported: “After an intimate relationship, the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) [sometimes immediately] fell asleep without touching the water at all [in any way, not even partially washing].”

The main reason that leads to the need to perform a complete ablution (ghusl) is the beginning of the next obligatory prayer-namaz, for which ritual purity is necessary.

I know that a woman must perform a complete ablution after sexual intercourse, but what about oral sex and masturbation? Should a woman perform ablution after this?

After oral sex between husband and wife, is it necessary for the wife to take a full bath?

After oral sex or any other form of bringing the husband to ejaculation, the wife does not need to perform a full ablution. If this concerns the wife herself, then bringing her to orgasm in this way with the presence of appropriate discharge will require performing a complete ablution.

If spouses accidentally touch their genitals in a dream, is it necessary to perform a full ablution?

Such contact, which would disrupt complete ablution, cannot occur in a state of sleep. What appears to be is usually the whisperings of Satan, complicating our lives and religious practices.

When a husband touches his wife's genitals with his hand, do they need to perform a complete ablution?

No, don't.

Is the lubricant released during arousal considered impurity (najasa)? If so, what should you do with your underwear: throw it in the wash or just dry it?

Does not apply to uncleanliness. You can just wipe it off.

If a man had sexual intercourse with his wife and wants to repeat it, should he perform ablution? Yavar, 24 years old.

Full and small ablution is necessary before performing the next obligatory (or additional) prayer-namaz. If you are not going to perform the prayer immediately, then you do not need ablution. That is, you can repeat sexual intercourse ten times, without performing a full ablution, if the time for the next obligatory prayer has not arrived or is no longer over, for which you need to restore ritual purity - perform a full ablution.

After my husband and I have sexual intercourse, I perform complete ablution (ghusl). But it happens that after a complete bath, remnants of sperm still come out of me. What should I do in such a situation? Should I renew my complete ablution? Dilia.

No, it's not necessary.

Do I need to perform a full ablution after my wife kissed (and not only) my genitals? There was no sperm discharge.

Neither you nor her need it.

Is it obligatory to go to relieve yourself after intimacy with your spouse before taking a full bath? Is this fard, wajib? Is failure to do so a sin? Abd, 33 years old.

Not necessary, but it helps the release of residual sperm, if any. That is, you can do without it, it’s up to you to decide.

Answer the question about the ritual bathing of spouses after intimacy. In what cases and what is the procedure for ablution for women?

1. Complete ablution is necessary in all cases of ejaculation and after copulation (even in the case of only direct contact and penetration of the genital organs).

If a wife does not achieve orgasm during intercourse with her husband, does she need to perform a complete ablution? Rimma, 27 years old.

She still performs a complete ablution to acquire ritual purity, which was violated as a result of the obvious contact-penetration of the genitals.

I touched my child after intercourse. Should he be bathed?

No, don't.

1. Do parents have the right to touch a child if they previously had intimate intimacy and did not have time to perform a full ablution?

2. Is it possible to get by with a small ablution in this situation, especially in cases when the child is small and needs to be fed, or at least picked up so that he stops crying?

1. There are no canonical censures or restrictions in this regard.

2. If you want, you can just wash your hands and wash your face. Although there is no particular need for this.

If after sexual intercourse a person falls asleep, is it permissible to remember Allah (God, Lord) after waking up (before taking a complete ablution) or is it a sin?

See, for example: Abu Dawud S. Sunan abi Dawud [Code of Hadiths of Abu Dawud]. Riyadh: al-Afkar ad-Dawliyya, 1999. P. 49, Hadith No. 228, “sahih”.

Also see, for example: Abu Dawud S. Sunan abi Dawud [Compendium of Hadiths of Abu Dawud]. P. 48, Hadith No. 226, “sahih”; al-Ghazali M. Ihya ‘ulum ad-din. T. 2. P. 110; al-Khattabi H. Ma'alim al-sunan. Sharh sunan abi dawud. In 2 vols., 4 parts. T. 1. Part 1. P. 65, hadith No. 73 and an explanation to it.

See, for example: al-Buty R. Ma'a an-nas. Mushawarat wa fatawa. P. 22.

Regardless of the reason for ejaculation, including as a result of emission, complete ablution is required.

The exception (according to most scholars) is when sperm is released due to illness or a strong blow, in which case a small ablution (wudu’) is sufficient. Shafi'i theologians do not share this opinion. For more details, see, for example: Az-Zuhayli V. Al-fiqh al-Islami wa adillatuh. V. 11 t. T. 1. P. 514–516; Majduddin A. Al-ikhtiyar li ta'lil al-mukhtar [Choice to explain the chosen ones]. In 2 volumes, 4 hours. Cairo: al-Fikr al-‘arabi, [b. G.]. T. 1. Part 1. P. 12; al-Khatib ash-Shirbiniy Sh. Mughni al-mukhtaj. In 6 vols. T. 1. pp. 146–148.

And also in the case of an orgasm experienced by a woman in a dream or for any other reason.

Rinsing the mouth and rinsing the nose is obligatory (fard) among the Hanafis, and desirable (sunnah) among the Shafi'is.

فَصْلُ مَا يُوجِبُ الغُسْل

Section on actions that make it obligatory to perform complete ablution (ghusl)

Ghusl in linguistic meaning is the spilling of water on any place. Ghusl is also the water used for bathing.

In Shariah meaning, ghusl is washing the whole body with clean water. Ghusl means cleansing the body of Janaba, Haydah and Nifas.

Janaba (great defilement) is a state that occurs as a result of sexual intercourse, whether accompanied by ejaculation or not, or after ejaculation accompanied by pleasure (even without sexual intercourse).

Ghusl, like voodoo, has:

1. sabab سَبَب;

1. rukn رُكْن;

1. khukm حُكْم;

1. shart شَرْط;

1. syfat صِفَة.

1. Sunnats;

1. adab.

The reason (sabab) for ghusl is the desire to perform an action that cannot be performed when a person is in a state of janabah or when ghusl is obligatory for him.

Rukn Ghusla is the washing of all parts of the body that are accessible for washing with clean water.

The ruling of ghusl in this life is the permissibility of what was forbidden before the performance of ghusl. Hukm in the next life is a reward for performing ghusl, provided that the person had the appropriate niyat.

There are seven things that make ghusl obligatory:

1. The release of semen from the genital organ.

The semen (المَنِي) of a man is a white liquid, thick, with a smell reminiscent of a date ovary or dough in a liquid state, and the smell of egg white in a dry state. A woman's semen is not a thick liquid with a yellowish tint.

Imams Abu Hanifa and Muhammad said that for ghusl to become obligatory, the release of semen from its source must be accompanied by sexual pleasure, and it does not matter whether the release of semen directly from the genital organ was accompanied by pleasure. According to Imam Abu Yusuf, for ghusl to be obligatory, it is necessary that pleasure accompanies not only the beginning of the release of semen from its source, but also the direct release of semen from the sexual organ.

Example: If a person, after the release of semen, performed ghusl, then performed prayer, but after the prayer the remains of the seed came out, he is obliged to perform ghusl, according to Imams Abu Hanifa and Muhammad (despite the fact that he did not feel pleasure at the moment of release of the seed) , and is not obliged, according to Imam Abu Yusuf. However, his prayer is valid according to the opinion of all the sheikhs.

The opinion of Imams Abu Hanifa and Muhammad is strong in the madhhab, but in a difficult situation a person has the right to follow the opinion of Imam Abu Yusuf. For example, if a person who knows that it will be difficult for him to perform ghusl, felt that his semen was starting to come out, squeezed his sexual organ for a while, and then released it and the semen came out without any sexual pleasure accompanying it, ghusl for this a person, according to Imam Abu Yusuf, is optional.

If a person has released the remains of his semen after he has relieved himself, woke up, or walked some distance, he does not need to perform ghusl.

Ghusl is not required if a finger, an artificial penis, a dead person's sex organ, a severed sex organ, or an animal's sex organ are inserted. If part of the head of the genital organ is missing, the requirement for ghusl is to insert its remaining part.

If a person had sexual intercourse through a barrier and there was no release of semen, one must perform ghusl as a precaution, and it does not matter whether the sexual intercourse was accompanied by pleasure or not.

1. Sexual intercourse with a dead person or animal accompanied by the release of semen.

1. If a person, after being in a state of alcoholic intoxication or after fainting, finds traces that, in his opinion, with more than 50% certainty, are traces of semen, he is obliged to perform ghusl as a precaution.

1. Ghusl becomes obligatory after a woman has purified herself from hayd and nifas.

1. A person who has accepted Islam is obliged to perform ghusl if before Islam he was in a state of janab, haida or nifas and did not perform ghusl before accepting Islam.

The Muslim community has an obligation (fard-kifaya) to perform complete ablution of a deceased Muslim. An exception is made for a person who has committed certain types of crimes, for example, refusing to obey the legitimate ruler (باغ) - such a person is not washed and funeral prayers are not performed for him.

Situations in which it is not necessary to perform ghusl:

1. Wadi exit (الوَدْي). Wadi is a cloudy, thick, white, odorless liquid that usually comes out after urination. The release of ointment and wadi does not require ghusl, according to the unanimous opinion of all the sheikhs.

1. Emissions without emission of semen.

1. Sexual intercourse through an obstacle (for example, fabric), which was not accompanied by pleasure. In this case, ghusl is not obligatory, but it should be done as a precaution.

1. Enema in the anus.

1. Inserting a finger (or something similar) into a woman's genitals or anus.

1. Coitus with an animal or a dead woman without ejaculation.

Alhamdulillah, you accepted Islam (or began to observe the religion followed by your ancestors). And, of course, you have many questions, the first of which is how to perform ablution and prayer correctly? Sisters often write to our website and group with questions about how to perform ablution and prayer, whether such and such an action violates ablution (and the like).

Since for the validity of prayer it is necessary to be in a state of ritual purity (taharat in Arabic), in this article we, with the permission of Allah, will talk about ablution.

The concept of “taharat” (literally “purity”) includes performing a complete ablution (washing the entire body with water, in other words, bathing) and a small ablution - when you need to wash only certain parts of the body.

Complete ablution (ghusl)

When is full ablution (ghusl in Arabic) necessary?

A woman must perform a complete ablution after the end of menstruation (haid) and postpartum bleeding (nifas), as well as after marital intimacy.

A man also performs ghusl after marital relations and after ejaculation (emission).

Also, a complete ablution should be performed by a person who has just accepted Islam, since a sexually mature person has had a situation at least once in his life when a complete ablution was necessary. So if you have recently converted to Islam (or have just recently decided to perform namaz), you should perform a full ablution

According to Shariah, complete ablution consists of three required parts (fards of ghusl):

1. Rinse the nose.

2. Mouth rinse.

3. Washing the entire body with water.

When bathing, it is necessary to remove from the body everything that could interfere with the penetration of water, for example, paint, wax, dough, nail polish.

It is necessary to rinse areas of the body where water may not reach during normal bathing - for example, the folds of skin inside the navel, the pinna and the skin behind the ear, the skin under the eyebrows, holes for earrings in the ears (if a woman has pierced ears).

When performing a complete ablution, it is also necessary to wash the scalp and hair. If a woman has long braids, she may not undo them if they do not interfere with water getting on the scalp (if they do, then she needs to undo them).

The woman also needs to wash the outer part of the genital organ (that which is accessible when she squats).

Since performing ghusl requires rinsing your mouth, you must remove anything from your teeth that could prevent water from reaching the surface. However, this does not apply to dental fillings and crowns or dentures; they do not need to be removed! As for braces, orthopedic plates that are placed to correct teeth: if they are removable and easy to remove, they need to be removed; if they are attached to the teeth in such a way that only a doctor can remove them, there is no need to touch them, bathing will be valid.

Full ablution has its sunnat and adab (actions that are considered optional, but desirable and increase the reward for worship). You can read about them in this article: “Fards, Sunnat and Adab of Full Ablution”

It is also important to remember What actions are prohibited for a person who does not have complete ablution?(for example, a woman during her period):

1. You cannot perform namaz, as well as perform sajdah tilawa (bow to the ground when reading certain verses of the Koran) and sajdah shukr (bow to the ground in gratitude to Allah).

2. Touching the Koran or verses of the Koran (if they are printed in a book of religious content). This does not apply to the text of the Koran printed on a computer or other electronic media. In this case, it will only be impossible to touch the text of the Koran displayed on the screen with your hands, but you can read it from your phone (not out loud).

3. Reading even one verse of the Quran out loud (however, you can read fewer verses - for example, pronounce the phrases “Alhamdulillah” or “Bismillah”, which are also part of the verses). Of course, this applies only to the Arabic original of the Quran, and not to its translations. However, you can recite the verses of the Quran to yourself, mentally.

An exception is made for verses and surahs of the Qur'an, which are duas (supplications) and are read for protection from all harm - such as surahs Al-Fatiha, Al-Ikhlas, Al-Falyak and An-Nas and the verse Al-Kursi.

4. Visit to the mosque.

5. Circumambulation during the Kaaba (tawaf) in Hajj.

Note:

There is a distinction between the state of defilement (Junub) and the state of Haida and Nifas. In a state of defilement (for a woman - after a marital relationship), you cannot pray, but you can fast (during Ramadan, for example). You cannot fast in a state of Haida and Nifas.

For a more detailed explanation of the issue, you can refer to this article: "Women's fiqh of complete ablution"

Frequently asked questions regarding ablution:

• It should be noted that complete ablution (bathing) replaces small ablution. That is, if, for example, your period has just ended and you have performed ghusl, you will not need to perform additional ablution before prayer (unless you have committed actions that violate wudu - you have not gone to the toilet, for example ).

• “If I took a bath, and then a situation happened in which ablution was disrupted (for example, the release of gases), do I need to bathe again?”- No, since this action does not violate complete ablution, there is no need to bathe again, it is enough to renew the wudu.

• Is it possible to dye your hair, use various chemicals for curling or styling your hair - will there really be a complete ablution in this case?-The decision here will depend on the method of action of the paint or other substance. If it allows water to pass through, your ghusl is valid; if not, you will have to remove the dye from your hair before bathing. We cannot say how exactly this or that paint works; you need to find out from their manufacturers. However, we know for sure: dyeing hair with henna does not prevent the penetration of water, so the ghusl will be valid.

Lesser ablution (wudu)

As for the small ablution (wudu in Arabic), it will be necessary in the following cases:

1. After visiting the toilet (for major or minor needs).

2. After the release of gases.

3. In case of sleep or fainting (except for the case when a person fell asleep while sitting, pressing his buttocks to the floor).

4. The release of blood, pus or other fluid from the human body. Exit refers to the release of a substance beyond the boundaries of its source (for example, a nosebleed or blood escaping beyond the boundaries of a wound or cut). If blood only appears in the wound (as from a pin prick, for example), but does not flow out, ablution is not broken.

5. If a person vomits, provided that the vomit completely fills the mouth.

6. Bleeding in the mouth (from the gums, for example), provided that there was more or the same amount of blood as saliva. This is determined by the color of the saliva - if it is yellow or orange, it means there is little blood, if it is red or dark red, it means there is more blood.

7. In case of alcohol intoxication or insanity.

What does NOT violate wudu:

1. Separation of a piece of skin (a callus, for example) from the human body, which is not accompanied by bleeding.

2. Touching the genitals (your own or another person’s – for example, a woman changing a child’s diaper, this does not violate ablution).

3. Touching a person of the opposite sex who is not a Mahram does not violate wudhu.

4. Expectoration of mucus, even if there is a lot of it.

According to Shariah, ablution includes four obligatory parts (fards of wudu):

1. Washing your face. Important– pay attention to what is considered the boundaries of the face!

Face boundaries: in length - from the hairline to the tip of the chin, in width - from one earlobe to the other.

2. Washing hands up to and including the elbow joint.

3. Washing the feet up to the ankles inclusive.

Very important: A condition for the validity of ablution is considered to be the contact of water on all areas of the skin within the boundaries of the organ that needs to be washed! Therefore, there should be no substances on the body that could prevent water from penetrating the skin - for example, dough, wax, glue, nail polish. If you have rings on your fingers, you need to move them so that water gets under them.

However, if you dye your hair or hands with henna, this does not interfere with your ablution, since henna allows water to pass through.

4. Rubbing (maskh) one quarter of the head with a damp hand.

It is valid to wipe the hair on the head (and not on the forehead or neck). It will be invalid to wipe a braid braided around the head or hair that falls from the head in a loose state.

What is forbidden to do without performing ablution:

1. Perform namaz;

2. Touch the Arabic text of the Holy Quran (but you can read the Quran on electronic media - phone, tablet, computer, without touching the screen with the displayed text);

3. Perform sajda-tilyawa while reading the Holy Quran;

4. Walk around the Kaaba (tawaf).

Lesser ablution also has its sunnat and adab. You can read about them here: “Ahkyams and sunnat of small ablution.” The procedure for small ablution is also shown in some detail in the picture above.

Frequently asked questions regarding ablution:

• Do I need to remove contact lenses from my eyes?– No, eyes are not one of the organs that need to be washed when washing your face, so there is no need to remove the lenses.

• Does the exposure of clothing or body to substances that are considered impurity (najasa) ruin wudu? — The contact of such substances (najas) on the body or clothing does not violate ablution. It is enough to rinse this place three times with water (from a smooth surface - for example, leather clothing - just wipe off the dirt), and it is considered that you have removed the impurity.

Mask (wiping) leather socks and bandages

Wiping khuffs (leather socks):

According to Sharia, a person is allowed to wipe special leather socks (khuffs) instead of washing his feet. They must be put on after performing ablution - on clean feet. The next time a person's wudhu goes wrong, he will not need to wash his feet, just run his wet hand once from the tip of his fingers to his shin along the surface of the sock, and wudhu will be valid.

The validity period of such wiping is one day and one night for a sedentary person and three days and three nights for a traveler. The period of validity must be counted from the moment a person’s ablution goes wrong for the first time (after he puts on the khuffs).

Attention! Wiping regular (cotton, wool, synthetic) socks or stockings will not be valid. It is also not allowed to wipe a scarf or skullcap (instead of a hair mask), gloves (instead of washing your hands), or a niqab (instead of washing your face).

Wiping the bandage

What to do if a person has been bandaged due to a wound or fracture (and getting water on the wound can harm health):

In this case, a person can simply wipe the bandage with a damp hand once (it is not necessary to wipe the entire bandage - just wipe most of it). If there is concern that washing the skin near the bandage may cause water to enter the wound and cause harm to it, you can also wipe (rather than wash) the skin near the bandage and wudhu will be valid.

You can read more about wiping socks and bandages in the article: “Actions that violate the reality of the socks off. Wiping the bandage."

Please note: All the above rules and decisions regarding ritual purity refer to the opinion of scholars of the Hanafi legal school (madhab). The decisions of scholars of other madhhabs on issues of ablution, in particular, the Shafi'i madhhab, will be somewhat different. Therefore, Muslims living in regions where the Shafi'i school is followed (Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia) should turn to the relevant sites and scholars.

Muslima (Anya) Kobulova

Based on materials from the Darul-Fikr website

Sheikh's answer:“In the Shafi’i madhhab, bathing (ghusl) also includes small (partial) ablution (wuzu), since complete ablution (or bathing, ghusl) is considered large compared to small ablution, therefore bathing also includes small (partial) ) ablution, and other types of bathing. Based on this, if a man, for example, performs obligatory bathing from janaba (a state of sexual defilement) or a woman bathes after her menstrual cycle, then in this case, this bathing also includes a small obligatory ablution, that is, a person after obligatory bathing is considered having a small (partial) ablution (see note). Also, if a person bathes on a Friday or a holiday, for partial ablution to become valid, he must make an intention for partial ablution, and this bathing also includes partial ablution (if the intention was made and there was no circumstances that violate minor ablution).”

Question: “I performed namaz, being convinced that I was facing the qibla. But then I realized that I was mistaken, as it turned out that the qibla was in the other direction. What should I do?"

Sheikh's answer:“If you discover this before the time of this prayer has ended, then you should perform the prayer again. For example: after performing the lunch prayer, you discovered that the qibla is in a different direction, then if the time for the evening prayer has not arrived, you need to perform the lunch prayer again. If the time for prayer has passed, there is no need to compensate for the prayer, since you have fulfilled what was commanded to you by the Almighty, that is, you performed the prayer, thinking that you turned towards the sacred mosque (the side of the qibla), the Almighty is Generous, and in this In this case, there is no need to compensate for the prayer, inshaAllah, such a prayer will be considered valid. Why is it necessary to perform the prayer again if the time for the next prayer has not come? Because it was discovered that the prayer was performed incorrectly and there is time to perform it again in the correct way before time is lost.”

Question: “It’s hard for me to perform ablution and prayer. Sometimes I manage to overcome my nafs, and I easily perform ablution and prayer. But sometimes I have difficulty coping with nafs and passions. What should I do?

Sheikh's answer:“We need to be persistent and not lose hope. All this is a test. Therefore, you need to be diligent so that help comes from the Almighty and then you can perform worship with ease, without experiencing difficulties. This is an exam that must be passed successfully. But success can be achieved with consistency. Do not lose hope when nafs or passions prevail over you; the second or third time you will feel the pliability of nafs when performing good deeds. It is necessary to be convinced of the mercy of Allah.

The second way is to remember Allah. Remember Allah often outside of prayer, and you will feel that your nafs begins to obey you when performing ablution, prayer and other types of worship. Allah says) meaning:

وَلَذِكْرُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ

« And remembering Allah is the most important thing "Koran, 29:45."

Translation from Arabic: Muhammadarif Abdulaev

Note: In order for the minor ablution to be considered valid, no actions must be performed during bathing that spoil the minor ablution (see Circumstances that violate partial ablution).

Without special ablution it is impossible to perform a single prayer. After all, one can appear before Allah only after being ritually purified. This procedure is important and raises many questions among women. Therefore, let's figure out how to properly perform full and small ablutions for women.

There are two types: small ablution and complete ablution.

How to perform ablution correctly

Complete ablution is called ghusl in Islamic culture. For women, it is performed after sexual intercourse with a man, postpartum bleeding, the end of critical days, as well as before prayers on Fridays and for holiday prayers.

Let us describe how to properly perform a full ablution for women, point by point:

• First, you need to have an intention in your heart and say that you intend to perform a complete ablution for the pleasure and blessing of Allah.
• Before undressing, say: “Bismillah” to begin your action with the name of the Gracious and Merciful.
• Wash your hands three times.
• Wash thoroughly, clean the genitals from traces of intimacy, menstruation, etc.
• Perform small ablutions.
• Pour water over the entire body three times: start with the head, then move to the shoulders: first the right, then the left; wash your entire body and only wash your legs at the very end.

If a woman has her hair tied up during complete ablution, there is no need to deliberately let it go. The main thing is that while pouring, the roots of the hair are wet. It is also necessary to remember that complete ablution is considered completed if a Muslim woman has washed her entire body, cleared her nose and rinsed her mouth.

How to do small ablution correctly

Lesser ablution is called wudu. When is small ablution necessary for a woman? For example, after a complete ablution, you visited the restroom, fell asleep, fainted, started bleeding, began to pus, vomited, or became intoxicated or any other type of mental confusion. Touching the genitals also obliges one to perform wudhu.

How to properly perform ablution for a woman:

• It is necessary to begin small ablution with words about the intention to perform the ritual for the pleasure of Allah.
• Next, you need to say: “Bismillah” to begin the small ablution in the name of the compassionate protector.
• Wash your hands up to your wrists.
• Rinse your mouth three times.
• Clean your nose three times.
• Wash your face three times.
• Wash your hands again, but this time up to the elbows (also three times).
• Wipe your head and clean your ears: wipe the inside with your index fingers, and wipe the outside with your first fingers. All these manipulations are repeated only once.
• At the end of the small ablution, wash your feet three times. The first time you need to rinse between your fingers.

Ablution is an important but not difficult process before appearing before Allah Almighty. If you know all the nuances and perform them in the required sequence, this will ensure the ritual purity of a Muslim woman before