History of hookah. "Hookah" in different languages ​​of the world

At this time, exact data on the time of origin of the world's first hookah has not been found. But the history of hookah interests many people who are interested in smoking it.

In different regions of the world, hookah has different names:

• Egypt - "shisha";
• Persia - “narghil”;
• Albania - “lulava”;
• Spain - "cachimba";
• Iran - “qalyan”;
• Uzbekistan - “chillim”;
• Africa - "dakka".

The popularity of smoking in this way is growing every day, but the question: “when did hookah appear” remains unanswered. But most modern scientists believe that the origin of hookah has clearly eastern roots.

Versions of the origin of hookah

At this time, there are many assumptions and disputes about where the tradition of smoking hookah came from. According to various versions, it is believed that it was invented in India. But there are other versions that contradict this fact. If you delve into history, you can find interesting facts about hookah.

India

According to Indian historians, hookah first appeared in India, where it began its rapid spread to the Far East, Africa and European countries. There are still many disputes that the birthplace of hookah is India.

Initially, it was used to relieve severe pain from injuries and fatal diseases, since in those days hashish was used instead of tobacco in combination with medicinal herbs. In order for the mixture to burn, the Indians used resin.

The smoking apparatus was made from coconut, the fruit of the Narcil palm tree, which grows in India. It was thanks to the palm tree from which the smoking apparatus was made that it got its name - “Narghile”. The inner part of the fruit was removed and two holes were created in the shell, a tube was inserted into one of them, and the herbal mixture itself was placed inside the nut. This is the earliest version of a smoking device, which over time was modernized and modified by the Indian people.

Subsequently, the culture of hookah smoking reached Egypt, where the people contributed to the modification of the unit. It was not made from the palm fruit, but from a pumpkin, which was first completely cleaned from the inside. Despite the fact that the hookah was no longer made from walnut, the same name was used.

But the main change was made by the Persians, who were delighted with the new invention - hookahs. They began to make the flask not from fruits, but from clay and other materials, and replaced the straw with a hose made of snake skin, which was more flexible and durable. The hose was given the name marpic (Greek “snake ball”).

At the same time, the discovery of tobacco was made, and the Persians began to experiment with it. To get better results from their experiments, they continued to modernize the smoking apparatus. A tray was created, made of bronze, which was attached above the flask and was intended for the tobacco product.

Many years have passed since those times and smoking narghile has become a persistent tradition in these countries.

America

According to the results of a study conducted at the beginning of the 20th century by L. Wiener, it was found that the American Indians used not only pipes for smoking, as is commonly thought, but also devices similar to hookahs.

The scientist discovered that long before the appearance of narghile in other countries, the American people used pumpkin for smoking. The device was made simply: a pumpkin was scraped out and tobacco was placed in its cavity, after which two holes were made, through one of them people inhaled smoke, and through the other oxygen penetrated into the cavity, which supported the smoldering process of tobacco. In appearance, such a smoking unit is somewhat reminiscent of a calabash for mate tea, also invented by the Indians who lived in the territory of modern Mexico.

According to Wiener, the tradition of smoking hookah reached Africa precisely from America, several centuries before the arrival of Europeans on the lands of the Indians.

Türkiye

In Turkey, the appearance of hookah contributed to the development of new traditions. After his appearance, the people began to open hookah bars, which were accessible to all segments of the population, but in the 17th century the Sultan decided that the people
he wastes time spent in the hookah bar pointlessly and created an order to close the establishments. But soon, hookah smoking establishments once again opened their doors to smokers. The art of creating hookahs improved and soon specialized institutions for the manufacture of smoking apparatus appeared.

Over time, the appearance of the hookah changed: now it was made not from clay, as in Persia, but from metals and crystal. A mouthpiece made of stone or high-grade wood was attached to the hose.

Skilled craftsmen made smoking devices that were decorated with elaborate carvings, but unfortunately such models were only available to noblemen. Commoners used ordinary models without any extras.

Russia

Unlike other countries, Russia does not insist that the popular smoking device was invented on its lands. This new tradition was brought by foreigners. According to Russian scientists, hookah first appeared together with the inhabitants of Egypt and Turkey.

Previous traditions and the original form of hookah have become a thing of the past; modernized devices and new types of tobacco simply had to appear in their place, but still the ritual itself remained unchanged.

Smoking traditions in different countries

There are a great many traditions of hookah smoking. He played a special role in the culture of the Far East. Smoking was considered not just a traditional ritual, but rather an established way of life for every person, since the Eastern people are very principled about observing traditions. Here are a few of these traditions:

Ancient traditions have been replaced by modern ones, which allow us to observe not only the ethics of smoking, but also the rules of hygiene and fire safety. When smoking, it is not recommended to pass the hookah from hand to hand. In order for another person to take the hookah, you need to place it on the surface.When smoking a hookah, it is not recommended to light cigarettes from coals. And in general, smoking cigars or cigarettes during a hookah ceremony is considered bad form.When smoking in a group, it is recommended to use disposable mouthpieces.The hookah should not be located high, it is better to place it on the floor.Do not use tobacco products not intended for for smoking through a hookah. If a person decides to experiment, there is a possibility of burning his throat.

Today, the hookah is a popular smoking device, available to everyone along with all kinds of tobacco accessories, which is widely used as a method of relaxation. But the device has come a long way before acquiring its modern form and spreading throughout the world. We invite you to look into the history of the origin of the device, explaining the significance of the custom of hookah smoking, and find out its features.

What is a hookah

Hookah is a smoking device of oriental origin, which is a structure made up of a number of elements. The device includes the following components:

1. Flask– a jug for liquid through which smoke is filtered and cooled. The reservoir is located at the base of the structure; made from different materials (glass, porcelain, metal, rock crystal). At the beginning of their history, flasks were made from coconut shells of the narcil palm, growing in India, where the hookah originated; in Egypt flasks were made from pumpkin;
2. Mine– the body of the structure connecting all parts of the structure. Usually made of metal and decorated with plastic, glass or wood. The shaft is attached to the flask through a valve and is immersed in water, where the smoke is cooled. In the early history of the device, in ancient Persia, there were examples of precious metals (gold, silver) decorated with stones;
3. Hose- a flexible thin tube that allows smoke to pass through with a plastic, wooden, or metal tip (mouthpiece). History tells that the first tubes for construction were made from reeds, bamboo, hollow stems, tree bark (for example, Himalayan white birch), and snakeskin. Today the hose is made of vinyl;
4. Bowl- a container filled with tobacco, on top of which coal is placed. The tobacco bowl is made of ceramics, clay or glass (metal is less commonly used). History mentions that it was invented by the Persians and was created from bronze;
5. Plate- an ashtray located under a bowl to collect ash falling from a hot coal.

The main versions of the origin of hookah

The history of hookah begins in ancient times. No one knows exactly where the device came from. However, two versions of its origin have emerged among researchers.

The first theory says that the device was invented in the Indian city of Fatehpur Sikri in the 16th century. Jesuits arriving from the southern part of the country introduced tobacco to the Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great (1542-1605), after which one of the emperor's physicians, Hakim Abul-Fat Gilani, an Iranian from Gilan, invented the hookah. Smoking tobacco became popular among Indian nobles, and the new device symbolized high status and belonging to the Indian aristocracy. From India, where the mechanism was invented, it spread to the Middle East, where it was modified.

According to the second theory, hookah originated in ancient Persia (modern Iran) during the Safavid dynasty, from where it spread east and to India. The Persian poet Ahli Shirazi (1460-1536) mentioned the device in his poems, thus indicating the time when it was invented - even before the 1560s, during the reign of the Iranian Shah Tahmast I (1524-1576).

Thus, the most likely homeland of hookah is India. The place where these smoking devices came from could also be Persia. Exact information about what year the hookah was invented is unknown.

History of the name

The word "hookah" comes from the Indian huqqa (from the Hindustani language), which is the source of the English word hookah, and the Arabic galian, which translates as "boiling".
The name for the device differs in different regions of the world. Hookah in the east is designated by the following terms:

• argilah (argileh)– in the states of the Middle East, including Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Azerbaijan, Kuwait, Jordan, Iraq. In Israel, the word used is nargilah, which comes from the Persian narghile (from the Sanskrit word narikela - “coconut”);
• chillim– in Uzbekistan, Pakistan;
• shisha or sheesha(from the Persian shishe - “glass”) - a general term for the device in the countries of the Arabian Peninsula (Qatar, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Omar), South Africa (Algeria, Egypt, Sudan, Morocco, Tunisia);
• qalyan- Persian term. In Egypt in the 18th century, the highest quality pipes were called "Karim Khan" after the Persian ruler, indicating Persia's contribution to the tradition and the possibility that the hookah was invented in that land.

Traditions

Hookah, when it appeared, was used by eastern peoples for treatment. People filled the bowl with a mixture of medicinal herbs and hashish instead of tobacco, so a smoking session had an analgesic effect on the body.

Hookah smoking is a cultural feature of many countries around the world. In India, where the hookah was invented, this tradition is still observed in the company of friends and when receiving guests. In Turkish history, since the 17th century, offering to smoke using a device has been seen as a sign of respect. When in 1842 the French ambassador arrived to the ruler of the Ottoman Empire and was not offered a smoking session, he perceived this as a sign of disrespect from the Turkish Sultan. According to history, in the East the device has always been perceived as a symbol of wealth and high status, which is associated with its noble origin.

Hookah came to Europe in the 18th century from the East, where it was invented, initially as a souvenir, then began to be used for its intended purpose and became a favorite method of relaxation and a pleasant pastime.

Modern hookahs

Throughout its history, with the development of hookah industry technology, the appearance of the smoking apparatus has undergone significant changes. Manufacturers are developing new models of the device that are more convenient and durable, unlike their original types. Instead of brass and copper, high-quality materials (aluminum, stainless steel) are used to make the body; instead of fragile materials, silicone is used for the hose, which increases the service life of the device.

The history of the appearance of hookah largely influenced its subsequent development and perception in many countries. The device, which is an important part of the rich culture of the East, has become a symbol of spiritual traditions and a prosperous life.

History of the origin of hookah is a rather complex and confusing issue, there are many different versions and interpretations. To write this article, we used materials from various Russian and foreign resources, including the hookahpro.ru forum and the goza.ru website.

Most versions say that hookah originated in India (near the border with Pakistan), and then gradually spread to neighboring countries in the west, including Persia and the Ottoman Empire. However, there are many other versions of the origin of the hookah, showing that other nations also had a smoking device similar to the hookah in their history. The hookah of that time, according to some sources, was made from a piece of wood (mine), and the vessel was a coconut shell or pumpkin.

Name Hookah– is far from the main thing in the world lexicon. In Turkey and neighboring countries, hookah is called by names derived from the Arabic word nargila. For example, nargyleh (Israel), nargile (Türkiye), nargiles (Greece). The word Nargile itself is borrowed from Sanskrit and means the word coconut (originally the vessel in the hookah was made from coconut).

Another name for a type of hookah common in Egypt is Goza. The goza is a portable device made of coconut with two sticks and a bowl at the end of one of them. Nowadays, some hookah lovers make their own goza from coconut and bamboo sticks. Another Egyptian hookah is boury or būrī - a hookah on a stand that allows it to rotate around its axis.

Hookahs in the Persian Gulf at that time were called gedo/qadu, they had a similar shape, but the vessel was made of clay. Over time, hookah in Persia began to be called the word hukka, it comes from a Persian pot for storing various utensils.

Another well-known name for hookah in Arab countries is Shisha. It comes from the Persian word "shishe", which translates as glass. From this we can conclude that Shisha appeared in later times of using glass flasks (vessels) instead of coconut.
In the USA and Great Britain, hookah can be called by different names - hookah, hubble-bubble (hubble - hummock, bubble - bubble), water-pipe (water pipe). In these countries, Shisha is hookah tobacco.

In Iran, hookah is called galyan. The word is believed to come from the Arabic gẖlyạn (boiling). In Russian, a distortion of this word is used - hookah. By the way, it is called that only in the territory of the former USSR.

It is generally accepted that hookah acquired its modern form in the 18th-19th centuries in Turkey, where hookah shafts were first made from metal and hoses from genuine leather.
In Europe, hookah gained a certain popularity in the 19th century, due to the fashion for oriental exotica. By that time, hookah was already considered a sign of oriental luxury.
Simultaneously with the development and spread of hookah, tobacco also became widespread. Not all tobacco can be used for hookah. In the east, it is customary to smoke black tobacco of very high strength. Over time, mixtures based on tobacco leaves appeared.

At the moment, the culture of hookah smoking has acquired completely different features, has become more popular and has partially lost its roots. The shape of the hookah has become a little different; instead of black tobacco, muassel is increasingly smoked - peeled (low nicotine content) and chopped tobacco leaf mixed with various ingredients.

Popularity for hookah in Russia came only in the 1990s, when Russians began to go on vacation abroad (to Egypt or Turkey). It was there that most Russians first saw and tried hookah, and many began to bring hookah as a souvenir.

A brief history of the Khalil mamoon hookah

Khalil Mamoon is the most famous brand of Egyptian hookah. The history of these hookahs began in the 18th century, when the ancestor of the Mamun family, a master of antique restoration, began making hookahs for himself and others. Mamun Efendi was the first to use metal in the manufacture of hookahs. It was he who gave the hookah a look similar to the modern vision. He passed on his skills in making hookahs to his son, and he passed on to his son and continues to do so to this day. Passing through generations, the appearance and technology have changed and now we know Khalil mamoon hookahs as a sign of quality.

Modern hookahs

Over time, hookah has become a popular entertainment all over the world. With increasing popularity, manufacturers began to use cheaper materials (for example, stainless steel instead of copper or brass). Tubes are now made of rubber and silicone instead of leather and wire. As a result, hookahs have become more reliable and practical to use, and began to last longer.

However, hookahs made by hand using ancient technologies are still most valued. Factory stamped hookahs are rarely of good quality.

The most common hookahs at the moment are from China and Egypt. Sometimes you can find Syrian or Turkish hookahs on sale. Expensive hookahs from the USA and Germany are increasingly appearing, mostly designer and with complex glass work.

Another trend in modern hookah life is the emergence of various tobacco-free, nicotine-free mixtures for smoking through a hookah. This is caused by a massive fight against smoking throughout the world. On store shelves and in hookah bars you can increasingly find steam stones, nicotine-free mixtures of beets, tea and other bases similar to tobacco.

In recent years, the shape and appearance of hookahs have increasingly begun to differ from the classic one in favor of a modern and unusual design. The pioneer was the Czech company MeduseDesign, which created the Medusa hookah, which has an unusual appearance and a considerable price. Then many followers appeared who created other designer hookahs from glass and other materials (Shapes, Temple, Kaya, Fumo, Lavoo, etc.)

Of course, there is no concrete evidence confirming that hookah appeared in a particular country. Just like there are no historical facts about what it originally looked like. But, as you know, the main difference between a hookah and other smoking devices is that a hookah means a certain vessel into which liquid is poured and through which filtered and cooled smoke passes.
Although there are Ethiopian, Persian, African and even American theories of the origin of hookah, most scientists are inclined to consider India as the birthplace of the first hookah ( originates in the 15th century).

Initially, the hookah was used directly as a device to relieve pain. The hookah was filled with a mixture of various medicinal plants, hashish and special spices. The Indians used coconut, namely its shell, as a flask. Two holes were made in it: a tube (bamboo, straw, reed) was inserted into one, and a mixture of medicinal plants was placed into the flask through the other hole.

The Persians gave the hookah its modern look. An interesting fact is that during all this time the design of the hookah itself has not changed. It was also the Persians who were the first to figure out how to wet tobacco. And then soak it in honey and molasses, seasoning this syrup with various spices.
But Arabian smokers were the first to add various flavorings to a flask of water, such as additives, spices, juices, rum and other types of alcohol.
With the development of handicrafts, the material for making hookahs also changed. For example, a characteristic feature of the Egyptian hookah is a clay or metal flask, and the shaft is metal, but blown. But the Syrian mines, on the contrary, are massive, brass. Turkish hookahs are distinguished by their height. During the Ottoman Empire, it was there that the hookah gained popularity and was an important part of the interior of the house, therefore it was made of expensive metals and decorated with precious stones.

History of hookah in Russia.

In Russia it is not so mysterious and beautiful. Like tobacco, hookah was simply imported from Turkey/Egypt. We tried it and liked it. And much later they began to produce their own hookahs. Despite the fact that the current hookah has lost some of its characteristics, the ritual of hookah smoking remains the same. Otivana hookah, despite modern design and constant improvement of technology, has retained the original spirit of hookahs and exquisite taste!

Hookah smoking has been rapidly gaining popularity in recent years. More and more cozy hookah bars are opening, where you can pleasantly while away time with friends and indulge in a relaxing oriental holiday. Hookah does not require haste or fuss. This type of smoking sometimes lasts for long hours, which fly unnoticed in a leisurely conversation amid the comfort imbued with the spirit of the ancient East.

Hookah is not just a tribute to capricious fashion. This is a real science, a whole branch of traditional life. The history of hookah is rooted in the deepest past. It is imbued with legends and interesting facts. And several countries at once claim the title of “homeland of the hookah vessel.” Let's take a tour of distant times.

Hookah is famous for its ancient history; several countries lay claim to its creation.

An antique smoking device is a special device whose design allows the smoke to be filtered and cooled, which is subsequently inhaled by the smoker. The filter at the vessel is a tube (shaft), on its walls condensation occurs of numerous impurities included in the smoking mass.

What does a modern hookah consist of and what does it look like?

Having a vessel filled with liquid also helps with filtering. Passing through it, tobacco smoke leaves about 40-45% of harmful substances there. Compared to cigarettes, using a hookah is much safer. Since it does not have carcinogenic tars, and the absence of nicotine in the smoking mixture makes smoking easy and enjoyable.

Experts say that you can smoke a hookah device no more than 4 times a week without harm to your health.

The main versions of the birth of the hookah

In modern times, there are a large number of all kinds of assumptions that are shrouded in a heated debate about where the birthplace of hookah is. Traditionally, India is considered the ancestor of the Eastern smoking tale. But historians also provide some other versions that contradict this belief.

Indian origin version

According to the firm belief of Indian historians and archaeologists, those who invented the hookah lived in this mystical country. From the Indian regions, the smoking vessel began its triumphal march across the planet - first conquering the Far East, and then African and European states.

In India, hookah was originally used as a therapeutic procedure. With its help, healers relieved those suffering from unbearable pain due to wounds and illnesses.

In those distant times, hookahs were filled with hashish mixed with various medicinal herbs and aromatic spices. Tree resin was used for ignition. Ancient Hindus used the fruit of the Narcil palm to make a smoking vessel.. This plant species grows only in India. That is why the hookah received one of its common names - Narghile.

What does a traditional Indian hookah look like?

The manufacturing process went through the following stages:

1. The entire inside of the coconut was removed.
2. A couple of holes were made in the shell.
3. A hollow reed was placed in one hole.
4. The smoking mass was placed inside the coconut.

This original version of the narghile design has been modernized and improved over time. When the hookah reached its fame and became popular among the ancient Egyptians, its appearance was supplemented with new modifications. Instead of coconut, the Egyptians perfectly adapted pumpkin, which was first carefully cleaned of the insides.

But the main and significant ancient hookah designers were the peoples of Persia. They successfully mastered the manufacture of a smoking vessel from baked clay (porcelain), and instead of reeds they used a long hose made from the skin of a snake, which gave it elasticity and the necessary flexibility.

The hookah hose got its name in Persia. They began to call it marpic (which translated means “tangle of snakes”).

By the way, it was at that very time that people became acquainted with tobacco. And the Persians began to actively experiment with it. To get the best effect from their favorite activity, they tirelessly continued to modernize the vessel. Soon the hookah acquired a separate bronze tray where the smoking mixture was placed. It was attached above the flask.

African theory

The founders of this version were the researchers of the African continent Alfred Dunhill and Philip Altbach. During archaeological excavations, they found that the smoking vessel had been used since ancient times by the tribes of South Africa (Kenya, Tanzania and Zimbabwe). True, the water pipe used by the tribes was only a distant prototype of a modern smoking vessel.

African water pipe

Researchers also found that many tribes used another type of nargile - earthen. That is, a large pit was used as a flask, which the Africans coated with clay from the inside. Such hookahs were usually smoked by all members of the tribe at once.

American version

At the beginning of the 20th century, the famous American linguist Les Wiener found that the American aborigines, the Indians, used some devices for smoking that were very similar to the nargile. The scientist proved that many years before the appearance of the Indian nargile, the Indians used pumpkin as a smoking vessel. We used it as follows:

1. The pumpkin was well cleaned from the inside.
2. Then we made a couple of holes.
3. Smoking tobacco was placed in the cavity.
4. Through one hole, people inhaled fragrant vapor, and through the second, oxygen penetrated into the body.

Antique American Indian tribal hookah

The incoming air contributed to the process of slow smoldering of the smoking mass. In purely external terms, this device was similar to the calabaza known to many tea lovers (it is used to make Mate tea). This gave the right to believe that the place where the hookah was invented was located in America.

History of Turkey

When narghile appeared in this sunny country, it marked the beginning of new unique traditions. The Turks began to actively open hookah bars, which at first were available to everyone who wanted to relax with a pleasant procedure. But the 17th century made its own adjustments. The then ruling vizier, Halal Pasha, was concerned that his people were spending too much time on empty entertainment and ordered the closure of hookah bars.

But the Turks did not support the ban for long and soon the hookah bars hospitably opened their doors again. Hookah art was rapidly improving, and soon shops producing amazing smoking vessels appeared.

The hookah owes its modern design to the Turks

When figuring out who invented the hookah device in the form in which it is used now, the palm should be given to the Turks. Turkish residents first began to make nargile from metal using crystal. And to make the mouthpiece they began to use high-quality wood or stone. For especially noble hookah makers, vessels were made, richly decorated with ornaments and ornate inscriptions.

None of the modern scientists, historians and archaeologists can determine exactly when the hookah appeared and where exactly. But the fact that this smoking vessel changed a person’s life can be said unequivocally. Since his birth, humanity has found a new type of recreation, saturated with magical aromas and the enchanting atmosphere of the mysterious east.

History of the name

The hookah device, which has conquered the whole world, has many different names. It is interesting that the word “hookah”, which is familiar to our average citizen, is not at all common in other countries. The smoking vessel is called differently in different parts of civilization:

• Iran: galin;
• Egypt: shisha;
• Africa: Dhaka;
• Iraq: narghile;
• Türkiye: nardil;
• Uzbekistan: chilim;
• Syria: narguile;
• Spain: cacimba;
• America and India: hookah;
• Albania and Bosnia: lula or lulava.

Hookah vessels were filled with various types of tobacco. The richest and most noble people mixed hashish and fruit molasses into the smoking mixture and diluted the mixture with aromatic oils and various exotic fruits. Commoners used plain black tobacco called Tambak. Nargile was lit using ordinary charcoal. Foil and other devices for ignition began to be used in modern times.

The real homeland of hookah has never been established

Smoking mixture

Over the course of history, the smoking mixture has also undergone changes. The first innovations were introduced by representatives of the Arabian Peninsula. They began to add various types of juices and aromatic additives to the water they used. The Arabians also used alcohol as a flavoring agent. But the Russians have introduced the tradition of cooking narghile with fruit. The following were especially popular among hookah lovers:

• apple;
• pineapple;
• citrus.

But in the Muslim world, fruit hookahs are not at all popular. Another innovation was the invention of a nicotine-free hookah mixture. This was a consequence of large-scale campaigns to combat tobacco addiction carried out everywhere. Nowadays you can find smoking mixtures made from beets, tea, various herbs, and tobacco substitutes.

Curious traditions of hookah smoking

Residents of eastern countries were simply obliged, according to the laws of hospitality, to offer every guest who came to their home to share a narghile with the owner. If a person refused the ritual, it was equivalent to disrespect.

There is a known case when a hookah almost led to an armed conflict between Turkey and France. In 1842, the French ambassador at a reception at the Turkish embassy was not invited to try narghile. France considered this gesture offensive.

Of course, now this tradition is viewed much calmer and more peacefully. Hookah has acquired a lot of interesting traditions, especially in eastern countries. In such regions, rituals are treated with great reverence and respect. Here are just a few interesting foundations:

1. Only the man, the head of the family, had the right to light a hookah. If a hookah party was held in any establishment, only the owner lit the vessel.
2. When receiving guests, the head of the house lit the nargile as a sign of respect and respect for the guest. Refusal to nargille in this case was taken as a sign of disrespect for all family members.
3. According to tradition, residents of the ancient East smoked hookah after sunset. In their opinion, the silence of the night and cool air made it possible to experience all the nuances of a hookah relaxation.
4. In some regions, when smoking nargile for a long time and leisurely, it was customary to play chess and drink fragrant tea.
5. The consumption of alcoholic beverages during the hookah relaxation procedure was strictly prohibited and severely punished by law.
6. If narghile was smoked using apple cider vinegar, the smoker would traditionally snack on the smoke with a juicy apple.

Modern hookah

But the ancient culture has been replaced by the present time. Modernity no longer requires impeccable and strict implementation of accepted traditions. Unfortunately, in a number of modern urban hookah bars, fire safety and personal hygiene rules are not observed at all. Some rules can help you stay healthy. Such as:

• use of disposable mouthpieces when smoking nargile;
• It is better not to install the hookah on a high surface; it should stand on the floor, which helps to better clean the evaporation.
• You should not experiment and use products and substances for hookah smoking that are not suitable for this.

The first types of narghile, in comparison with modern sophisticated models, are not as durable and attractive. But it was the ancient flasks made of pumpkin, coconut, and baked clay that became the ancestor of the unique and ancient art and tradition of many peoples.

Most of the ancient hookah devices are precious artifacts and are kept in museums. Well, modern hookah continues to proudly walk around the planet, rapidly increasing the number of its fans.