Sinusitis

Didenko and State Duma deputy. About personnel changes in the Tomsk branch of the Democratic Party of Russia

Born on March 30, 1983 in the village. Pochapintsy Lysyansky district, Cherkasy region, Ukrainian SSR (now Ukraine). He spent his childhood in Tomsk, his father Nikolai Vasilyevich Didenko - first deputy mayor of Tomsk (2000-2002), vice-mayor of Novosibirsk (2007-2012), head of the closed administrative town of Seversk, Tomsk region (from 2015 to the present). Mother - Lyudmila Viktorovna Didenko.

In 2005 he graduated with honors from the Law Institute of Tomsk State University, and in 2008 he graduated from graduate school at the university.

She is working on her candidate's dissertation on the topic "The formation and development of parliamentarism in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation."

In 2005-2011 - coordinator of the Tomsk regional branch of the LDPR.
From 2006 to 2008 he was an assistant to the deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation Vladimir Ovsyannikov (LDPR faction).
In March 2007, he was elected as a deputy of the State (since 2010 - Legislative) Duma of the Tomsk Region of the 4th convocation on the list of the regional branch of the LDPR. He worked in the regional parliament on a non-permanent basis. The powers were terminated early on October 23, 2010 in connection with the election to the Tomsk City Duma.
In 2008-2010 - Assistant to the Deputy Chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation, leader of the LDPR party Vladimir Zhirinovsky.
In 2008-2009 worked as a teacher at the department of general theoretical and legal disciplines of the West Siberian branch of the state educational institution of higher professional education "Russian Academy of Justice" (now a university).
In October 2010, he ran for the Tomsk City Duma of the fifth convocation from the regional branch of the LDPR. He entered the elections under the second number of the general part of the party list (the first number was Vladimir Zhirinovsky). After his election, he took the position of chairman of the public safety commission in the city parliament.
On December 4, 2011, he was elected to the State Duma of the Russian Federation of the sixth convocation as part of the federal list of the LDPR (fifth number in the federal part of the list). He was a member of the Duma Committee on Constitutional Legislation and State Building. He held the post of first deputy head of the LDPR faction of Vladimir Zhirinovsky.
On September 13, 2015, he participated in the elections for governor of the Kemerovo region. The LDPR was nominated. He took second place among five candidates (1.78% of the votes) after the current head of the region Aman Tuleyev, for whom 96.69% of voters voted.
In March 2016, Vladimir Zhirinovsky mentioned Didenko among the possible candidates from the party in the presidential elections in the Russian Federation in 2018. However, the LDPR leader subsequently announced that he intended to run himself.
On September 18, 2016, he was elected to the State Duma of the Russian Federation of the 7th convocation from the LDPR. He was nominated as part of the federal part of the party list (number five) and in a single-mandate constituency. Elected as a deputy in the Tomsk single-mandate electoral district No. 181 (Tomsk region). Since October 5, 2016 - Chairman of the Committee on Federal Structure and Local Government Issues.
On the single voting day, September 10, 2017, he participated in the elections for governor of the Tomsk region (he ran for the LDPR). He took second place, receiving 19.38% of the votes. The candidate from the United Russia party, acting head of the region, Sergei Zhvachkin, was elected head of the region - 60.58%.

Member of the Supreme Council of the LDPR (commissioner for the Siberian Federal District).

The total amount of declared income for 2015 amounted to 4 million 880 thousand rubles.
The total amount of declared income for 2016 was 4 million 989 thousand rubles, the spouse - 698 thousand rubles.
The total amount of declared income for 2017 was 4 million 794 thousand rubles, spouses - 222 thousand rubles.
The total amount of declared income for 2018 was 6 million 545 thousand rubles, spouses - 339 thousand rubles.

Married (married in 2010).

Didenko Andrey Nikolaevich

Date of birth:
Place of birth:	Rozhnev Log village, Parfenovsky district, Altai Territory
Scientific field:
Academic degree:	Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences
Academic title:	professor
Alma mater:	Tomsk State University
Scientific supervisor:
Awards and prizes	Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1981), Laureate of the Prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1991), Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation (2000).

Didenko Andrey Nikolaevich(born January 5, 1932, Rozhnev Log village, Parfenovsky district, Altai region) - professor, head of the departments of physics and power plants (No. 21) of the Faculty of Physics and Technology of TPI (TPU), physical electronics of the electrophysical faculty of TPI, Member- correspondent of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Advisor to the Russian Academy of Sciences, head of the MEPhI department.

Biography

In 1950 he entered the physics department of Tomsk State University, from which he graduated with honors with a degree in Theoretical Physics. In 1955-1958 studied at the graduate school of the Tomsk Polytechnic Institute under the guidance of Professor A. A. Vorobyov, who in all subsequent years was his teacher and mentor.

To complete his dissertation work during his graduate studies, he was sent to the Department of Statistical Physics and Mechanics, Faculty of Physics, Moscow State University.

In January 1959, the defense of a dissertation for the degree of candidate of physical and mathematical sciences took place. In February 1966, a doctoral dissertation was defended at the TPI Council, and in July 1966, Didenko was awarded the academic degree of Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences. Both dissertations were related to the study of waveguide synchrotrons, which had enormous practical significance.

After graduating from graduate school, he worked at the newly created (1958) Research Institute of Nuclear Physics, Electronics and Automation at TPI (Research Institute of Nuclear Physics), successively occupying the positions of junior researcher. (1958-1959), senior engineer (1959-1960), senior researcher, head of the microwave sector and accelerator theory (1960-1965), since 1965 - deputy director for science, in 1968-1987 gg. - director.

Member of the Siberian Branch since 1984. In 1987, transferred to Moscow to the apparatus of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Deputy Academician-secretary, head of the apparatus department of the Department of Physical and Technical Problems of Energy (1992-2002). Advisor to the Russian Academy of Sciences (since 2002). Head Department No. 14 of the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (since 1988).

Subsequently, he was an adviser to the Russian Academy of Sciences and head of a department at the Institute of Extreme States of the Joint Institute for High Temperature and High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Scientific activities

Developed the fundamentals of the physics of high-power ion beams. The main scientific direction was the acceleration of charged particles, especially high-current electron and ion beams, and their use for generating powerful microwave oscillations, pumping lasers, and modifying the properties of various materials. Theoretically and experimentally he studied the problems of obtaining and using high-energy and high-intensity electron and ion beams in various sectors of the national economy. During his work at TPI, he established himself as a major researcher, organizer, and leader of a large team of employees. During the period of his activity at the Research Institute of Nuclear Physics at TPI, the Tomsk School of Nuclear Physicists was created, which became widely known in the country and abroad.

Based on a unique complex of electron and proton accelerators with a wide range of charged particle energies, including a 1500 MeV electron synchrotron "Sirius", a high-current betatron at 25 MeV, an electrostatic generator at 2.5 MeV, a cyclotron with a pole diameter of 1.2 m, a research reactor , high-current accelerator "Tonus", etc., research was carried out on a wide range of problems in the field of nuclear physics, including high-temperature plasma physics, physical electronics, etc., a large team of scientists and specialists was trained. He paid great attention to the implementation of the institute's research results into the national economy.

Member of the Commission on Atomic Energy under the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences, scientific councils of the USSR Academy of Sciences on problems of acceleration of charged particles, on the application of nuclear physics methods in related sciences. Received the title "Soros Professor".

Didenko A. N. is a well-known international specialist in the field of physics of charged particle beams, high-power microwave electronics and microwave energy. Under the leadership of Didenko A.N. At SINP TPI, MEPhI and the Institute of Thermophysics of Extreme States of the Joint Institute for High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences, work is intensively carried out on the construction and use of high-current electron and ion accelerators, which make it possible to generate current pulses of nanosecond duration, the parameters of which are at the level of the best foreign installations. These facilities solve fundamental problems of modern electronics, which include work on relativistic high-power microwave electronics, ion implantation of structural materials, and inertial thermonuclear fusion. Didenko A.N. is a pioneer in the research of superconducting waveguides and resonators in our country. The unique equipment created under his leadership and direct participation, including a high-temperature installation for annealing superconducting materials at T 2000°C and ultra-low pressure (10~9 mm Hg) and the developed technology for depositing oxide films with ultra-low losses, made it possible in the 70s s to obtain superconducting resonators with parameters at the level of the best laboratories in the world. Now this significantly modified technology is used to apply coatings of high-temperature superconductors to the internal surfaces of waveguides and to develop promising long-distance microwave energy transmission lines on this basis. In the field of relativistic microwave electronics, he proposed and brought to widespread practical use a fundamentally new powerful microwave generator with a virtual cathode - a vircator.

Of particular interest to the world community is the vircator, developed with the direct participation of A.N. Didenko, in which an explosive magnetic generator is used as an energy storage device. A complete theory of this physically complex device has been created, and on this basis, a unique geophysical device is being developed. Under the leadership of Didenko A.N. For the first time in the world, based on the time compression method, powerful microwave generators of subnanosecond duration have been created, which make it possible to solve in a new way many problems of radar and deep probing of various soils. In the field of ion implantation, he studied the long-range effect when exposed to structural materials, which was the scientific basis for the widespread introduction of this technology into production. In the field of energy, he carried out the first work in the country on alloying large-diameter silicon ingots at the nuclear reactor of the Institute of Nuclear Physics TPI; New thermogalvanomagnetic effects have been discovered that arise when powerful pulsed currents pass through conductors. Based on his work on microwave electronics, he created a new scientific direction - pulsed microwave energy. He is the head of the scientific school on microwave energy and is actively working on the creation of new highly efficient technologies on this basis, including the creation of highly efficient light sources, high-temperature microwave sintering of ceramics and powder metallurgy products, long-distance energy transfer and the development of other new energy-saving technologies based on widespread use of microwave energy. Works by Didenko A.N. well known in our country and abroad. They were repeatedly presented at various all-Union and international meetings and conferences. His works largely determine the priority of Russian science in these areas.

Didenko A.N. is the author of 63 copyright certificates and patents, more than 300 articles and the author of 12 monographs, among which the most famous are “Accelerating Waveguides”, “Superconducting Waveguides and Resonators”, “Powerful Electron Beams and Their Applications”, “Powerful Ion Beams” , “The Impact of Beams of Charged Particles on Metals and Alloys”, “Microwave Energy”, many of which have been republished abroad.

Research work by Didenko A.N. combines with great pedagogical and organizational work. For 15 years he was the head of the department at TPI, and now he has been heading the department at MEPhI for more than 20 years. He trained 15 doctors and over 70 candidates of science. Didenko A.N. is a member of many Scientific Councils of the Russian Academy of Sciences and interdepartmental councils. In 1987-1989 he worked as an advisor to the President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and from 1990 to 2002 he was deputy academician-secretary of the Department of Physical-Technical and Technical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Now he is an adviser to the Russian Academy of Sciences and head of a department at the Institute of Extreme States of the Joint Institute for High Temperature and High Temperatures of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Pedagogical activity

Simultaneously with scientific and organizational work, Didenko carried out extensive pedagogical work at TPI, led the educational and scientific complex that united the Scientific Research Institute of Nuclear Physics, the Physics-Technology and Electrophysics faculties, from July 1968 he headed the Department of Physical Electronics at the Electrophysics Faculty, from October 1975 to 1982 . – Department of Physics and Power Plants (No. 21) of the Faculty of Physics and Technology of TPI. He gave courses of lectures on “Physical Electronics”, “Theoretical Physics and Quantum Mechanics”, special courses “Field Theory”, “Theory of Charged Particle Accelerators”, “Introduction to the Specialty”, supervised graduate and postgraduate students.

Social activities

During the Tomsk period of his activity, Andrei Nikolaevich actively participated in the public life of the city and region. He was repeatedly elected as a member of the Tomsk regional committee, the Kirov district committee of the CPSU (Tomsk), a deputy of the regional council, and for many years was the chairman of the regional organization of the All-Union Society “Knowledge”.

Major works

Powerful electron beams and their applications. M., 1977. 277 p. (co-author); Powerful microwave pulses of nanosecond duration. M., 1984. 152 p. (co-author); Impact of beams of charged particles on the surface of metals and alloys. M., 1987. 184 p. (co-author); Microwave energy. M., 2000. 263 p. (co-author); Microwave energy: Theory and practice. M., 2003. 444 p.

Awards

Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1981), medals.

Laureate of the Prize of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1991), Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation (2000).

Family

Father - Didenko Nikolai Trofimovich (b. 1911) - served in the Pacific Fleet, then - chairman of the village council, senior foreman of motor vehicles.

Mother - Alexandra Vasilievna (b. 1912) - a housewife.

Wife – Nina Pavlovna (before Kiselev’s marriage) – b. in 1936, professor, doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, in 1961-1988. worked at TPI, and since 1997 – at a foreign company (Moscow).

Son - Vladimir Andreevich (b. 1960) - Doctor of Medical Sciences, now head of the therapeutic department of the clinic of the medical center of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (Moscow).

Sources

1. Biographical reference book of “Professor of Tomsk Polytechnic University”: Volume 3, part 1/Author and compiler A.V. Gagarin. - Tomsk: TPU Publishing House, 2005-326 pp.

Education: Law Institute Profession: lawyer Activity: politician, deputy Military service Rank: lieutenant Awards:

Alexey Nikolaevich Didenko(born March 30, Pochapintsy, Ukrainian SSR) - Russian public and political figure, deputy of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (since 2011). Member of the State Duma Committee on Constitutional Legislation and State Building, first deputy head of the LDPR faction. Deputy of the Duma of the Tomsk Region (2007-2010).

Biography

Alexey Didenko was born on March 30, 1983 in the village of Pochapintsy, Lysyansky district, Cherkasy region, Ukrainian SSR. After birth, he left with his mother for Tomsk, where at that time his father, Nikolai Vasilyevich Didenko, worked and lived. Nikolai Didenko subsequently gained fame as a Tomsk and Novosibirsk official. Since February 2013, Didenko Sr. has been the head of the administration of the ZATO Seversk (Tomsk region).

From 1990 to 1993, Alexey studied at secondary school No. 44 in the city of Tomsk, then at Russian Classical Gymnasium No. 2, from which he graduated in 2000.

In 2005 he graduated with honors from the Law Institute of Tomsk State University. In the same year, Didenko became coordinator of the Tomsk regional branch of the LDPR.

In 2007, he was elected as a deputy of the Duma of the Tomsk Region, and in 2010 - as a deputy of the Duma of the city of Tomsk. Didenko served as chairman of the Tomsk Regional Duma Commission on Public Safety.

From 2006 to 2008 he was an assistant to State Duma deputy Vladimir Ovsyannikov, from 2008 to 2010 he was an assistant to Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Vladimir Zhirinovsky.

In 2008, he completed full-time graduate school at Tomsk State University.

From 2008 to 2009, Didenko worked as a teacher at the department of general theoretical and legal disciplines of the West Siberian branch of the State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Russian Academy of Justice".

In August 2011, Didenko said that the LDPR would insist on changing the regional leadership if the question of extending the powers of Governor Victor Kress was raised. In February 2012, the Duma of the Tomsk Region approved Sergei Zhvachkin as governor.

In December 2011, Didenko was elected to the State Duma as part of the federal list of candidates nominated by the political party "Liberal Democratic Party of Russia" (Federal Part).

On February 28, 2014, he participated in a rally near the Sevastopol administration building, at which Vladimir Zhirinovsky announced the imminent entry of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol into Russia. In November 2014, Didenko participated in the elections of the heads of the DPR and LPR as an observer.

On September 1, 2014, as part of the IceBucketChallenge, he challenged the US Ambassador to Russia John Tefft.

Member of the Supreme Council of the LDPR (commissioner for the Siberian Federal District), first deputy leader of the faction, head of the Organizational Administration of the Central Election Commission of the LDPR.

In September 2015, he participated in the elections for governor of the Kemerovo region. He took second place, gaining 1.78% of the votes.

On September 18, 2016, he was elected as a deputy of the State Duma of the 7th convocation in Tomsk single-mandate constituency No. 181. Earlier, ITAR-TASS reported that United Russia may not nominate a candidate in one of the constituencies in the Tomsk region for the sake of deputy Didenko. We were talking about the rector of TGASU, Viktor Vlasov, who won in constituency No. 181 in the United Russia primaries. After reports of an agreement between United Russia and the Liberal Democratic Party, Vlasov did not submit documents to participate in the elections.

Legislative activity

Alexey Didenko is a member of the State Duma Committee on Constitutional Legislation and State Building.

Didenko came up with legislative initiatives to change the electoral process and the organization of legislative authorities. In particular, he proposed allowing participation in elections from the age of 16, lowering the barrier to entry into the State Duma to 2.25%. Didenko also proposed amending the federal law “On the general principles of organization of legislative (representative) and executive bodies of state power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation,” providing for a reduction in the number of deputies in regional parliaments and city dumas.

In 2014, Didenko and a group of LDPR deputies developed a law providing, in particular, for the licensing of dog breeds that are dangerous to humans. In the same year, Didenko prepared amendments to the Law “On Advertising”, providing for restrictions on television and radio advertising during the New Year holidays; invited the head of the Central Bank of Russia, Nabiullina, to consider the issue of issuing a 10,000 ruble banknote with views of Crimea and Sevastopol.

In 2015, Didenko took the initiative to celebrate July 8 as the Day of Family, Love and Fidelity (Day of Veneration of Saints Peter and Fevronia of Murom) instead of the “Western” Valentine’s Day.

On February 24, 2016, Alexey Didenko introduced a bill to divide the Tomsk region into two time zones. This bill provides:

In September 2016, he proposed lowering the voting age to 16 years.

Scientific activities

According to data from 2015, Alexey Didenko is working on his PhD thesis on the topic “The formation and development of parliamentarism in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.”

Awards

Medal of the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, II degree.
Medal "For the Return of Crimea" [ ]
Anniversary medal 70 years of the Tomsk region [ ]
Letter of gratitude from the President of the Russian Federation [ ]
Certificate of Honor of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation [ ]
Certificate of Honor from the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation [ ]
Gratitude of the Central Election Commission of the Russian Federation [ ]

Personal life

Alexey Didenko is married and has a daughter.

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Notes

Excerpt characterizing Didenko, Alexey Nikolaevich

While the footman lit the candle, Tol told the contents of the news.
- Who brought it? - asked Kutuzov with a face that struck Tolya, when the candle lit, with its cold severity.
“There can be no doubt, your lordship.”
- Call him, call him here!
Kutuzov sat with one leg hanging off the bed and his big belly leaning on the other, bent leg. He squinted his seeing eye to better examine the messenger, as if in his features he wanted to read what was occupying him.
“Tell me, tell me, my friend,” he said to Bolkhovitinov in his quiet, senile voice, covering the shirt that had opened on his chest. - Come, come closer. What news did you bring me? A? Has Napoleon left Moscow? Is it really so? A?
Bolkhovitinov first reported in detail everything that was ordered to him.
“Speak, speak quickly, don’t torment your soul,” Kutuzov interrupted him.
Bolkhovitinov told everything and fell silent, awaiting orders. Tol began to say something, but Kutuzov interrupted him. He wanted to say something, but suddenly his face squinted and wrinkled; He waved his hand at Tolya and turned in the opposite direction, towards the red corner of the hut, blackened by images.
- Lord, my creator! You heeded our prayer...” he said in a trembling voice, folding his hands. - Russia is saved. Thank you, Lord! - And he cried.

From the time of this news until the end of the campaign, all of Kutuzov’s activities consisted only in using power, cunning, and requests to keep his troops from useless offensives, maneuvers and clashes with the dying enemy. Dokhturov goes to Maloyaroslavets, but Kutuzov hesitates with the entire army and gives orders to cleanse Kaluga, retreat beyond which seems very possible to him.
Kutuzov retreats everywhere, but the enemy, without waiting for his retreat, runs back in the opposite direction.
Historians of Napoleon describe to us his skillful maneuver at Tarutino and Maloyaroslavets and make assumptions about what would have happened if Napoleon had managed to penetrate the rich midday provinces.
But without saying that nothing prevented Napoleon from going to these midday provinces (since the Russian army gave him the way), historians forget that Napoleon’s army could not be saved by anything, because it already carried in itself the inevitable conditions death. Why is this army, which found abundant food in Moscow and could not hold it, but trampled it underfoot, this army, which, having come to Smolensk, did not sort out the food, but plundered it, why could this army recover in the Kaluga province, inhabited by those the same Russians as in Moscow, and with the same property of fire to burn what they light?
The army could not recover anywhere. Since the Battle of Borodino and the sack of Moscow, it already carried within itself the chemical conditions of decomposition.
The people of this former army fled with their leaders without knowing where, wanting (Napoleon and each soldier) only one thing: to personally extricate themselves as soon as possible from that hopeless situation, which, although unclear, they were all aware of.
That is why, at the council in Maloyaroslavets, when, pretending that they, the generals, were conferring, presenting different opinions, the last opinion of the simple-minded soldier Mouton, who said what everyone thought, that it was only necessary to leave as soon as possible, closed all their mouths, and no one , even Napoleon, could not say anything against this universally recognized truth.
But although everyone knew that they had to leave, there was still the shame of knowing that they had to run away. And an external push was needed that would overcome this shame. And this push came at the right time. This was what the French called le Hourra de l'Empereur [imperial cheer].
The next day after the council, Napoleon, early in the morning, pretending that he wanted to inspect the troops and the field of the past and future battle, with a retinue of marshals and a convoy, rode along the middle of the line of troops. The Cossacks, snooping around the prey, came across the emperor himself and almost caught him. If the Cossacks did not catch Napoleon this time, then what saved him was the same thing that was destroying the French: the prey that the Cossacks rushed to, both in Tarutino and here, abandoning people. They, not paying attention to Napoleon, rushed to the prey, and Napoleon managed to escape.
When les enfants du Don [the sons of the Don] could catch the emperor himself in the middle of his army, it was clear that there was nothing more to do but run as quickly as possible along the nearest familiar road. Napoleon, with his forty-year-old belly, no longer feeling his former agility and courage, understood this hint. And under the influence of the fear that he gained from the Cossacks, he immediately agreed with Mouton and gave, as historians say, the order to retreat back to the Smolensk road.
The fact that Napoleon agreed with Mouton and that the troops went back does not prove that he ordered this, but that the forces that acted on the entire army, in the sense of directing it along the Mozhaisk road, simultaneously acted on Napoleon.

When a person is in motion, he always comes up with a goal for this movement. In order to walk a thousand miles, a person needs to think that there is something good beyond these thousand miles. You need an idea of the promised land in order to have the strength to move.
The promised land during the French advance was Moscow; during the retreat it was the homeland. But the homeland was too far away, and for a person walking a thousand miles, he certainly needs to say to himself, forgetting about the final goal: “Today I will come forty miles to a place of rest and lodging for the night,” and on the first journey this place of rest obscures the final goal and concentrates on yourself all the desires and hopes. Those aspirations that are expressed in an individual always increase in a crowd.
For the French, who went back along the old Smolensk road, the final goal of their homeland was too distant, and the nearest goal, the one to which all desires and hopes strove, in enormous proportions intensifying in the crowd, was Smolensk. Not because people knew that there was a lot of provisions and fresh troops in Smolensk, not because they were told this (on the contrary, the highest ranks of the army and Napoleon himself knew that there was little food there), but because this alone could give them the strength to move and endure real hardships. They, both those who knew and those who did not know, equally deceiving themselves as to the promised land, strove for Smolensk.
Having reached the high road, the French ran with amazing energy and unheard-of speed towards their imaginary goal. In addition to this reason of common desire, which united the crowds of French into one whole and gave them some energy, there was another reason that bound them. The reason was their number. Their huge mass itself, as in the physical law of attraction, attracted individual atoms of people. They moved with their hundred-thousand-strong mass as an entire state.
Each of them wanted only one thing - to be captured, to get rid of all the horrors and misfortunes. But, on the one hand, the strength of the common desire for the goal of Smolensk carried everyone in the same direction; on the other hand, it was impossible for the corps to surrender to the company as captivity, and, despite the fact that the French took every opportunity to get rid of each other and, at the slightest decent pretext, to surrender themselves into captivity, these pretexts did not always happen. Their very number and close, fast movement deprived them of this opportunity and made it not only difficult, but impossible for the Russians to stop this movement, towards which all the energy of the mass of the French was directed. Mechanical tearing of the body could not accelerate the decomposition process beyond a certain limit.
A lump of snow cannot be melted instantly. There is a known time limit before which no amount of heat can melt the snow. On the contrary, the more heat there is, the stronger the remaining snow becomes.
None of the Russian military leaders, except Kutuzov, understood this. When the direction of flight of the French army along the Smolensk road was determined, then what Konovnitsyn foresaw on the night of October 11 began to come true. All the highest ranks of the army wanted to distinguish themselves, cut off, intercept, capture, overthrow the French, and everyone demanded an offensive.
Kutuzov alone used all his strength (these forces are very small for each commander in chief) to counteract the offensive.
He could not tell them what we are saying now: why the battle, and blocking the road, and the loss of his people, and the inhumane finishing off of the unfortunate? Why all this, when one third of this army melted away from Moscow to Vyazma without a battle? But he told them, deducing from his old wisdom something that they could understand - he told them about the golden bridge, and they laughed at him, slandered him, and tore him, and threw him, and swaggered over the killed beast.
At Vyazma, Ermolov, Miloradovich, Platov and others, being close to the French, could not resist the desire to cut off and overturn two French corps. To Kutuzov, notifying him of their intention, they sent in an envelope, instead of a report, a sheet of white paper.
And no matter how hard Kutuzov tried to hold back the troops, our troops attacked, trying to block the road. The infantry regiments are said to have charged with music and drums and killed and lost thousands of men.
But cut off - no one was cut off or knocked over. And the French army, pulled together tighter from danger, continued, gradually melting, its same disastrous path to Smolensk.

The Battle of Borodino, with the subsequent occupation of Moscow and the flight of the French, without new battles, is one of the most instructive phenomena in history.
All historians agree that the external activities of states and peoples, in their clashes with each other, are expressed by wars; that directly, as a result of greater or lesser military successes, the political power of states and peoples increases or decreases.
No matter how strange the historical descriptions are of how some king or emperor, having quarreled with another emperor or king, gathered an army, fought with the enemy army, won a victory, killed three, five, ten thousand people and, as a result, conquered the state and an entire people of several millions; no matter how incomprehensible it may be why the defeat of one army, one hundredth of all the forces of the people, forced the people to submit, all the facts of history (as far as we know it) confirm the justice of the fact that greater or lesser successes of the army of one people against the army of another people are the reasons or, according to at least significant signs of an increase or decrease in the strength of nations. The army was victorious, and the rights of the victorious people immediately increased to the detriment of the vanquished. The army was defeated, and immediately, according to the degree of defeat, the people are deprived of their rights, and when their army is completely defeated, they are completely subjugated.
This has been the case (according to history) from ancient times to the present day. All Napoleon's wars serve as confirmation of this rule. According to the degree of defeat of the Austrian troops, Austria is deprived of its rights, and the rights and strength of France increase. The French victory at Jena and Auerstätt destroys the independent existence of Prussia.
But suddenly in 1812 the French won a victory near Moscow, Moscow was taken, and after that, without new battles, not Russia ceased to exist, but the army of six hundred thousand ceased to exist, then Napoleonic France. It is impossible to stretch the facts to the rules of history, to say that the battlefield in Borodino remained with the Russians, that after Moscow there were battles that destroyed Napoleon’s army.
After the Borodino victory of the French, there was not a single general battle, but not a single significant one, and the French army ceased to exist. What does it mean? If this were an example from the history of China, we could say that this phenomenon is not historical (a loophole for historians when something does not fit their standards); if the matter concerned a short-term conflict, in which small numbers of troops were involved, we could take this phenomenon as an exception; but this event took place before the eyes of our fathers, for whom the issue of life and death of the fatherland was being decided, and this war was the greatest of all known wars...
The period of the 1812 campaign from the Battle of Borodino to the expulsion of the French proved that a won battle is not only not the reason for conquest, but is not even a permanent sign of conquest; proved that the power that decides the fate of peoples lies not in the conquerors, not even in armies and battles, but in something else.
French historians, describing the position of the French army before leaving Moscow, claim that everything in the Great Army was in order, except for the cavalry, artillery and convoys, and there was no fodder to feed horses and cattle. Nothing could help this disaster, because the surrounding men burned their hay and did not give it to the French.
The won battle did not bring the usual results, because the men Karp and Vlas, who after the French came to Moscow with carts to plunder the city and did not personally show heroic feelings at all, and all the countless number of such men did not carry hay to Moscow for the good money that they They offered it, but they burned it.

Let's imagine two people who went out to duel with swords according to all the rules of fencing art: fencing lasted for quite a long time; suddenly one of the opponents, feeling wounded - realizing that this was not a joke, but concerned his life, threw his sword and, taking the first club he came across, began to swing it. But let us imagine that the enemy, having so wisely used the best and simplest means to achieve his goal, at the same time inspired by the traditions of chivalry, would want to hide the essence of the matter and would insist that he, according to all the rules of art, won with swords. One can imagine what confusion and ambiguity would arise from such a description of the duel that took place.
The fencers who demanded fighting according to the rules of art were the French; his opponent, who threw down his sword and raised his club, were Russians; people who try to explain everything according to the rules of fencing are historians who wrote about this event.
Since the fire of Smolensk, a war began that did not fit any previous legends of war. The burning of cities and villages, retreat after battles, Borodin’s attack and retreat again, abandonment and fire of Moscow, catching marauders, rehiring transports, guerrilla warfare - all these were deviations from the rules.
Napoleon felt this, and from the very time when he stopped in Moscow in the correct pose of a fencer and instead of the enemy’s sword he saw a club raised above him, he never ceased to complain to Kutuzov and Emperor Alexander that the war was waged contrary to all the rules (as if there were some rules for killing people). Despite the complaints of the French about non-compliance with the rules, despite the fact that the Russians, the people of higher position, seemed for some reason ashamed to fight with a club, but wanted, according to all the rules, to take the position en quarte or en tierce [fourth, third], to make a skillful lunge in prime [the first], etc. - the club of the people's war rose with all its formidable and majestic strength and, without asking anyone's tastes and rules, with stupid simplicity, but with expediency, without considering anything, it rose, fell and nailed the French until until the entire invasion was destroyed.
And good for the people who, not like the French in 1813, saluted according to all the rules of art and turned the sword over with the hilt, gracefully and courteously handing it over to the magnanimous winner, but good for the people who, in a moment of trial, without asking how they acted according to the rules others in similar cases, with simplicity and ease, pick up the first club he comes across and nail it with it until in his soul the feeling of insult and revenge is replaced by contempt and pity.