Marine Engineering School of Emperor Nicholas I. Roo "Academy of Russian Symbols" Mars

“...FORWARD TO NAME THE NAVAL SCHOOL THE MARINE CADET CORPS” In the 90s of the 19th century, an uncompromising struggle began for the redivision of the world, for colonies and spheres of influence, for territories thousands of kilometers distant from the metropolises. Germany, England, France and Russia urgently

Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School

Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School In the early 50s, the Soviet Union adopted a program for accelerated construction and renewal of the Navy, prepared by the top leadership of the Navy. Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union

Military engineering art

Leningrad Higher Marine Engineering School

Leningrad Higher Naval Engineering School named after V.I. Lenin founded on April 8, 1948.

After the merger with VVMIU named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky - Naval Engineering Institute.

After the merger of VMII and VMIRE named after A. S. Popov - Naval Polytechnic Institute.

School names

• 1948-1964 - 2nd Higher Naval Engineering School (2nd VVMIU)
• 1964-1974 - Leningrad Higher Naval Engineering School (LVVMIU)
• 1974-1998 - Leningrad Higher Naval Engineering School (LVVMIU named after V.I. Lenin)
• since August 29, 1998 - Naval Engineering Institute
• Naval Polytechnic Institute

History of the school

• April 8, 1948 - Order No. 23 of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR was signed on the formation of the 2nd Naval Engineering School (military unit 62750) to train specialists in steam power and diesel-electric power plants of the Navy, based in the city of Pushkin, Leningrad Region.
• July-August 1948 - Beginning of the formation of the educational contingent of VMIU in Leningrad on the basis of VVMIOLU named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky. Captain 1st Rank D. G. Zhmakin was appointed the first head of the 2nd VMIU.
• October 1, 1948 - Training sessions began with first-year cadets of VMIU on the basis of VVMIOLU named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky.
• December 28, 1948 - By resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the 2nd VMIU was classified as a Higher Educational Institution of the Navy and was given the name 2nd Higher Naval Engineering School.
• October 31, 1949 - First meeting of the Academic Council of the 2nd VVMIU
• February 23, 1950 - Based on the Directive of the PS of the USSR Navy dated February 8, 1950, the school was awarded the Red Banner of Battle and the Certificate of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, signed on October 28, 1949.
• October 12, 1953 - The State Examination Commission began working for the first time at the 2nd VVMIU.
• March 21, 1954 - The first graduation of the 2nd VVMIU (those who entered the VVMIOLU named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky).
• September 1, 1954 - Classes began in the new fuel department
• November 5, 1956 - Opening of a monument to V.I. Lenin at the school
• October 1, 1957 - Based on the directive of the Navy Civil Code dated September 26, 1957, the Diesel Faculty began training mechanical engineers for the operation of ship gas turbine units.
• On October 6, 1957, the first graduation of fuel technicians took place, and on November 5, the first graduation of diesel mechanic technicians took place. The training of fuel technicians and diesel mechanic technicians took place until 1958.
• April 25, 1959 - The steam power department was transferred to the school from VVMIOLU named after. F. E. Dzerzhinsky.
• July 29, 1959 - Based on the directive of the General Staff of the Navy of July 6, 1958, a correspondence education department was opened, and the fuel department was transferred from September 1, 1959 to the Military Academy of Logistics and Transport.
• April 27, 1960 - Based on the directive of the USSR Minister of Defense dated April 11, 1960, a special department was created.
• September 1, 1962 - Based on the directive of the USSR Ministry of Defense of May 29, 1962, 10-month advanced training courses were created for mechanical officers and graduates of secondary technical institutions.
• September 1, 1963 - Based on the order of the General Staff of the Navy dated February 19, 1963, a 10-month officer course was created at the diesel faculty to train specialists from among those who graduated from civilian institutes and were drafted into the ranks of the Navy. Based on the directive of the General Staff of the Navy No. OMU /3/7296 dated August 8, 1963, a training department for diving technicians was organized with a 3-year training period.
• April 16, 1964 - Based on the directive of the General Staff of the Navy No. OMU /3/701556 dated April 16, 1964, the 2nd VVMIU was given the name “Leningrad Higher Naval Engineering School”.
• September 1, 1964 - Based on the directive of the General Staff of the Navy No. OMU/3/702051 dated July 18, 1964, the special department of the LVVMIU was transformed into a special faculty (for training foreign cadets and students).
• December 1966 - Based on the directive of the General Staff of the Navy of November 14, 1966, retraining courses for officers were excluded from the staff of the LVVMIU.
• March 23, 1971 - By Order No. 7 /VAK of the Ministry of Higher and Secondary Special Education of the USSR, the Academic Council of LVVMIU is allowed to accept candidate dissertations for defense.
• January 24, 1974 - By Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 66 of January 24, 1974, the school was named after V.I. Lenin.
• September 1, 1977 - Based on the directive of the General Staff of the Navy of August 10, 1977, the training department for diving technicians was closed.
• May 1992 - The military-patriotic unit “Guards Fleet Crew” was created.
• November 1992 - The first graduation of officers for the Russian Navy took place.
• April-May 1993 - At VVMIU named after. V.I. Lenin from the Sevastopol VVMIU transferred the Faculty of Chemistry.
• September 1, 1993 - In accordance with the directive of the General Staff of the Russian Navy dated December 25, 1992 at VVMIU named after. V.I. Lenin created electrical engineering and chemical faculties, in which the training of specialists began to service nuclear power plants.
• June 25, 1994 - The first graduation of chemical engineer officers for the Navy took place.
• May 29, 1995 - Based on the decision of the Presidium of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation dated May 26, 1995, by order of the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Federation at VVMIU named after. V.I. Lenin created a doctoral dissertation council. He is also entrusted with the rights to accept candidate dissertations. The Candidate's Dissertation Council ceased to exist.
• September 1, 1996 - Classes resumed at the special faculty of VVMIU named after. V. I. Lenina
• Since 1997 - VVMIU named after. V.I. Lenin switched to curricula and programs completely identical to similar civilian universities in Russia.
• September 1, 1997 - the school was given a training center and town in the village of Nizino, Leningrad Region, which previously belonged to the Pushkin Higher School of Civil Engineering.
• August 29, 1998 - The Government of the Russian Federation adopted Resolution No. 1009, which determined the creation of the Naval Engineering Institute (Pushkin, Leningrad Region) on the basis of the VVMIU named after F. E. Dzerzhinsky (St. Petersburg) and VVMIU (Pushkin , Saint Petersburg).

Awards

• November 1963 - The 2nd VVMIU was awarded the Red Banner of the USSR Navy “For an exemplary military town.”
• October 29, 1967 - For success in training specialists for the Navy of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, LVVMIU was awarded the commemorative Red Banner of the Ministry of Defense of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
• October 16, 1972 - Based on the resolution of the Bureau of the Komsomol Central Committee of October 11, 1972, the Komsomol organization LVVMIU was awarded the commemorative Red Banner of the Komsomol Central Committee “The best Komsomol organization of the Navy” in honor of the 50th anniversary of the Komsomol patronage of the fleet.
• December 13, 1972 - Based on the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 845-285 of December 13, 1972, LVVMIU was awarded the honorary Badge of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the Supreme Council and the Council of Ministers of the USSR in honor of the 50th anniversary of the formation of the USSR.
• August 27, 1975 - the school was awarded a diploma of honor from the DOSAAF Central Committee for active patronage work
• April 1978 - the school was awarded the Certificate of Honor of the Komsomol Central Committee in honor of the 108th anniversary of the birth of V. I. Lenin
• October 11, 1978 - the school was awarded the Certificate of Honor of the Komsomol Central Committee in honor of the 60th anniversary of the Komsomol.
• April 22, 1980 - the school was awarded the Honorary Lenin Certificate of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the Council of Ministers of the USSR in honor of the 110th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin.
• September 9, 1985 - For the extensive and fruitful training of specialists for the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, by the decision of the State Council of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, V. I. Lenin LVVMIU was awarded the Order of the Vietnamese Republic “For Military Merit”, 2nd degree.
• October 29, 1985 - the school was awarded the Red Banner of the Central Committee of the Union of Young Communists of Cuba for November 21, 1991, high-quality training of specialists for the Navy of the Republic of Cuba
• June 2, 1992 - In recognition of services to the armed forces of the Republic of Cuba, during the training of national personnel, by decision of the State Council of the Republic of Cuba dated June 17, 1991, the school was awarded the highest military order of the Republic of Cuba - the Order named after Antonio Maceo.

Heads of the school

• 1948-1952 - Rear Admiral Dmitry Georgievich Zhmakin
• 1952-1959 - Vice Admiral Mikhail Petrovich Stepanov
• 1959-1975 - Vice Admiral-Engineer Rumyantsev, Nikolai Ivanovich
• 1975-1983 - Vice Admiral Lapshin, Boris Alexandrovich
• 1983-1992 - Vice Admiral Kokovin, Vasily Alexandrovich
• 1992-1998 - Rear Admiral Khaliullin, Yuri Mikhailovich

Distinguished Alumni

• Barskov, Mikhail Konstantinovich - vice admiral, deputy commander-in-chief of the Navy for armaments, shipbuilding and operation (1989-2003);
• Bartenev, Alexander Vladimirovich - mayor of Feodosia;
• Malakhov, Ivan Pavlovich - governor of the Sakhalin region from August 2003 to August 2007.

Write a review of the article "Higher Naval Engineering School named after V. I. Lenin"

Links

• Leningrad Higher Naval Engineering School named after V.I. Lenin.// Lomot V.K. (Ed.). Brief historical sketch. Ed. 2 1990. Hardcover. 192 p.

Notes

An excerpt characterizing the Higher Naval Engineering School named after V.I. Lenin

In 12 and 13, Kutuzov was directly blamed for mistakes. The Emperor was dissatisfied with him. And in history, written recently by order of the highest, it is said that Kutuzov was a cunning court liar who was afraid of the name of Napoleon and with his mistakes at Krasnoe and near Berezina deprived the Russian troops of glory - a complete victory over the French. [The history of Bogdanovich in 1812: characteristics of Kutuzov and reasoning about the unsatisfactory results of the Krasnensky battles. (Note by L.N. Tolstoy.) ]
This is not the fate of great people, not grand homme, whom the Russian mind does not recognize, but the fate of those rare, always lonely people who, comprehending the will of Providence, subordinate their personal will to it. The hatred and contempt of the crowd punish these people for their insight into higher laws.
For Russian historians - it’s strange and scary to say - Napoleon is the most insignificant instrument of history - never and nowhere, even in exile, who did not show human dignity - Napoleon is an object of admiration and delight; he's grand. Kutuzov, the man who, from the beginning to the end of his activity in 1812, from Borodin to Vilna, without ever changing one action or word, shows an extraordinary example in history of self-sacrifice and consciousness in the present of the future significance of the event, “Kutuzov seems to them like something vague and pitiful, and when talking about Kutuzov and the 12th year, they always seem to be a little ashamed.
Meanwhile, it is difficult to imagine a historical person whose activity would be so invariably and constantly directed towards the same goal. It is difficult to imagine a goal more worthy and more consistent with the will of the entire people. It is even more difficult to find another example in history where the goal that a historical figure set for himself would be so completely achieved as the goal towards which all of Kutuzov’s activities were directed in 1812.
Kutuzov never spoke about the forty centuries that look from the pyramids, about the sacrifices he makes for the fatherland, about what he intends to do or has done: he didn’t say anything about himself at all, didn’t play any role, always seemed to be the simplest and most ordinary a person and said the simplest and most ordinary things. He wrote letters to his daughters and m me Stael, read novels, loved the company of beautiful women, joked with generals, officers and soldiers and never contradicted those people who wanted to prove something to him. When Count Rastopchin on the Yauzsky Bridge rode up to Kutuzov with personal reproaches about who was to blame for the death of Moscow, and said: “How did you promise not to leave Moscow without fighting?” - Kutuzov replied: “I will not leave Moscow without a battle,” despite the fact that Moscow had already been abandoned. When Arakcheev, who came to him from the sovereign, said that Yermolov should be appointed chief of artillery, Kutuzov replied: “Yes, I just said that myself,” although a minute later he said something completely different. What did he care, the only one who then understood the whole enormous meaning of the event, among the stupid crowd surrounding him, what did he care whether Count Rostopchin attributed the disaster of the capital to himself or to him? He could be even less interested in who would be appointed chief of artillery.
Not only in these cases, but constantly, this old man, who through life experience had reached the conviction that the thoughts and words that serve as their expression are not the motive forces of people, spoke completely meaningless words - the first ones that came to his mind.
But this same man, who so neglected his words, never once in all his activity uttered a single word that was not in accordance with the single goal towards which he was striving during the entire war. Obviously, involuntarily, with the heavy confidence that they would not understand him, he repeatedly expressed his thoughts in a wide variety of circumstances. Starting from the Battle of Borodino, from which his discord with those around him began, he alone said that the Battle of Borodino was a victory, and repeated this orally, and in reports, and reports until his death. He alone said that the loss of Moscow is not the loss of Russia. In response to Lauriston’s proposal for peace, he replied that there could be no peace, because such was the will of the people; he alone, during the French retreat, said that all our maneuvers were not needed, that everything would turn out better by itself than we wished, that the enemy should be given a golden bridge, that neither the Tarutino, nor the Vyazemsky, nor the Krasnenskoye battles were needed, what with what Someday you have to come to the border, so that he won’t give up one Russian for ten Frenchmen.

Engineer-Rear Admiral M.V. Korolev was appointed the first head of the school in April 1952. By the beginning of the first academic year - October 1, 1952 - two faculties were created. On April 30, 1953, the diesel department was transferred to the school from the Higher Naval Engineering School named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky.

Construction of the main building of the academic building was completed in 1960. The architectural ensemble includes five four-story buildings connected by colonnades with internal greenhouse courtyards. In terms of size and volume of internal premises, the educational building is one of the largest buildings (the total volume of internal premises is more than 200,000 cubic meters) in Sevastopol.

The school was the main center for training officer engineering personnel for the ocean-going nuclear fleet. The educational institution had the strongest teaching staff. The material and technical base for training naval power engineers for the USSR nuclear fleet included its own research reactor IR-100, a full-scale onboard complex of a 2nd generation submarine nuclear power plant, full-scale simulators, research thermo-hydrodynamic stands, and a powerful computer center.

The school conducted scientific research on current problems of naval nuclear power, hydraulics, and thermal physics at departments and in research laboratories. Scientific and technical conferences, visiting sessions of the USSR Academy of Sciences on thermophysical and hydrodynamic aspects of the problem of safety of ship nuclear power plants, and meetings of the Scientific Council of the Academy of Sciences on ocean hydrophysics were held. Since 1965, the school published the “Collected Works of SVVMIU”.

In 1985, the chemistry department of the Caspian Higher Naval Red Banner School named after S. M. Kirov was transferred to the school.

Over 40 years, more than 11,000 engineer officers were released from its walls; many of the graduates were awarded government awards and received state prizes. Graduates of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School, while serving in the Navy, participated in eliminating the consequences of accidents on nuclear submarines. More than two dozen graduates were awarded admiral ranks.

The school ceased to exist in 1992, after the collapse of the USSR, and was included in the structure. Before the annexation of Crimea to the Russian Federation, the infrastructure of the Sevastopol Higher Naval Engineering School (maritime practice building, survivability range, diving range) was destroyed and was partially in disrepair.

A faculty for training specialists for the nuclear energy industry in Ukraine was formed on the basis of SVVMIU. On August 2, 1996, by resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 884, the faculty was transformed into (SINAEiP), to which the infrastructure of the IR-100 nuclear reactor was transferred. At the end of March 2014, the IR-100 nuclear reactor was shut down and mothballed. as the Institute of Nuclear Energy and Industry.

According to the Federal Target Program for the Development of Crimea and Sevastopol until 2020, funds are provided for the reconstruction of the educational building, which is associated with work in the field of energy.

In December 2017, the battle banner of the Sevastopol VVMIU was transferred for storage to the Black Sea Fleet Museum.

In accordance with the Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation dated March 15, 2012 No. 545 “On measures to improve the structure of military educational institutions of higher professional education of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation” branches of the VUNTS Navy “Naval Academy” in the cities of St. Petersburg, Pushkin and St. Petersburg, Petrodvorets, from July 1, 2012, were renamed into the Military Institute (Naval Polytechnic) VUNTS Navy "Naval Academy".

VVMUZ has no analogues in the Russian Armed Forces. The concept of polytechnic education permeates the entire cadet training program for five years. Particular emphasis is placed on the first two years. It is during this period that, regardless of the chosen specialty, cadets will receive a powerful basic level of technical knowledge, which they will be able to fully use in the further three-year period of specialization. In five years, the fleet will be replenished with specialists with a solid polytechnic training foundation.

The formation and development of the Russian fleet is inextricably linked with the practical and scientific activities of the university. Over a period of more than two centuries, a whole galaxy of outstanding scientists, designers, and mechanical engineers emerged from its walls. Thanks to their scientific and practical activities, a first-class sailing, steam, and then nuclear fleet was built in Russia. Graduates of the school designed, built and maintained combat surface ships, ships, and submarines of the Russian Navy.

The history of the institute dates back to August 20 (31), 1798, when by Law of the Russian Empire No. 18634, Highly approved by Emperor Paul I, the School of Naval Architecture was founded in St. Petersburg - the world's first naval engineering educational institution.

The school has repeatedly changed its name and location (for more than 130 years it has been located in the Main Admiralty). The buildings of the institute in the city of Pushkin were built in the 18th-19th centuries, as part of the city of Sofia. Until 1829, the buildings belonged to the Noble boarding school of the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum, and then they housed the Alexander Cadet Corps, from where the students were transferred to the Naval Cadet Corps. In 1948, it was decided to create the Higher Naval Engineering School named after V.I. Lenin.

In accordance with Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated August 29, 1998 No. 1009, by merging two well-known educational institutions in the country - the Higher Naval Engineering School named after V.I. Lenin and the Higher Naval Engineering Order of Lenin School named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky - the Naval Engineering Institute was created, which in 2009 was annexed to the state educational institution of higher professional education “Naval Academy named after Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsova".

In accordance with the resolution “On the personnel of the command staff of the Red Army Navy and on measures to expand naval educational institutions” of the Revolutionary Military Council of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics dated May 17, 1932 at the Leningrad Naval Engineering School named after. F.E. Dzerzhinsky, the School of Communications of the Red Army Navy and the training of “commanding communications personnel” for the Navy was formed. Over the years of its existence, within the walls of the school - college - the Naval Institute of Radio Electronics named after A.S. Popov, more than 25 thousand highly qualified specialists have been trained.

During the training process, cadets annually undergo training on ships with visits to foreign ports.

The Military Institute (Naval Polytechnic) of the VUNTS Navy "Naval Academy" occupies a leading position in the training of Navy engineering specialists.

In the first part, based on the memoirs of V.P. Kostenko “On the Eagle” in Tsushima,” I would like to talk about how the training of shipbuilding engineers took place at the Kronstadt Naval Engineering School before the Russo-Japanese War.

Features of training

All those enrolled in the school received full government support. First-year students of both departments attended lectures together, and the separation of shipbuilders and mechanics began from the second year.
All those accepted were required to serve in the navy for 4 ½ years upon graduation to cover the costs of their education and maintenance for 3 special courses.

The school was a closed educational institution, and the presence of students at all lectures was mandatory. Progress checks were carried out periodically at regular rehearsals and at spring transition exams after the end of the academic year (using a twelve-point system).

Every day, after the end of the day's classes, students were allowed to leave the school until 11 o'clock in the evening. On Saturdays, pupils had the right to travel to St. Petersburg until 11 o’clock on Sunday evening.

From the second year, mechanics went sailing in the Baltic Sea on ships of the training detachment of the Engineering School, and the first year practiced in Kronstadt on the old gunboat “Tucha”.

In the last - fourth year, shipbuilders and mechanics devoted the entire academic year to drawing up diploma projects in their specialty. Defense of projects and final exams took place with the participation of a special commission appointed by the Main Naval Staff.

The production of graduates and their release into the fleet took place in a solemn atmosphere on “Tsar’s Day” on May 6th. Shipbuilders received the rank of “junior assistant shipbuilder” with one star on a narrow silver shoulder strap, corresponding to the rank of midshipman of naval officers, and were appointed to fill existing vacancies in naval ports for the construction and repair of ships. Mechanics were released into the navy with the rank of “junior mechanical engineer.”

At the school, lectures began at 8 o'clock in the morning, and until 3 o'clock 6 lectures were held daily, and after 6 o'clock in the evening work began in workshops and laboratories.

Since lectures and interviews with teachers are mandatory, training courses are usually learned before rehearsals and almost no time is required to prepare for testing.

A compulsory and well-organized three-month summer internship consolidates the knowledge accumulated in theoretical courses.

Vacations and rest take no more than one and a half months per year, leaving 10 ½ months for study.

With a wake-up time of 6 ½ o'clock in the morning and the end of the working day at 11 o'clock in the evening, each day there are more than 16 hours of time for lectures, classes, reading and walking.

It is also impossible not to note the influence that a close connection with the life of the fleet, port and factories has. The Navy trains young personnel for itself. Cadets in the port have access to all ships under construction, armed and ready in the roadstead.

The school's students had the opportunity to visit new ships in their free time, study their internal layout and equipment, and receive the latest information from the personnel. This lively and direct connection with the daily life of the fleet involved both shipbuilders and mechanics from school in the circle of life of the fleet and forced them to become imbued with its current tasks.

Ship mechanics and officers always carefully introduced us to all the new items in ship equipment. This communication with the fleet personnel drew the younger generation of specialists into the circle of current life and interests of the naval forces.

Entrance exams

Out of 50 who passed competitive exams<на кораблестроительное отделение>5 people were enrolled. Those who did not get into the shipbuilding department through the competition could, if they wished, enter the mechanical department. 32 people out of 80 who took the exams were accepted as mechanics.

Internship after the first year of study

In the summer, after transitional exams, shipbuilders went to St. Petersburg for a three-month industrial practice and were distributed among the Admiralty factories. At the end of the summer practice, a test exam was carried out by a commission of engineers of the St. Petersburg port, after which the students were given a month's leave.

Every day at 9 o'clock in the morning we set off across the Nikolaevsky Bridge along the left bank of the Neva to the Admiralty factories. One group, which worked in practice for the first year, remained at the New Admiralty plant, while the other two courses went to the Galerny Island shipyard.

In the first year of practice, we had to study the construction of wooden keel boats in the boat workshop for three months, and then familiarize ourselves with the location and equipment of all the workshops for cold and hot processing of sheet and profile steel used for the construction of ship hulls.

Next, the program included the study of plaza work and hull assembly on a slipway. By the end of the internship, a detailed written report was required, illustrated with copies of drawings, hand sketches, drawings and photographs. To collect all the information, copies of drawings and technical data, we could contact the engineers in the builders' offices, the designers in the drawing rooms and the foremen on the buildings, as well as all the workers at the machines and assemblers on the stocks.

Internship after the second year of study

In 1902<после второго года обучения>Our practical classes turned out differently. We were assigned to the construction of the battleship "Eagle", and we ended up with Mikhail Karlovich Yakovlev. Preparations were underway for the launch of the ship, we got the opportunity to see the foundation being laid, the skids being prepared and the skids being assembled between the ship's hull and the skids. Of particular interest was the assembly of the spears in the bow and stern.

By the end of the summer, we had to study the entire internal layout of the battleship, its ventilation and drainage systems, the flooding of the cellars and the tilting of the ship from the kingstons. Yakovlev often tested our knowledge of all diagrams of ship systems. This second year of practice greatly expanded our understanding of all the interconnected devices of the ship and more fully illuminated the future responsibilities of the ship engineer during construction.

During the summer, we also managed to get acquainted with the construction of all ships at other St. Petersburg factories. We were present at the launch of destroyers from Creighton's Okhtensky plant and visited the Nevsky plant, where the light cruisers Zhemchug and Izumrud were laid down, built according to the drawings of the cruiser Novik, ordered in Germany at the Schichau plant in Danzig.

Internship after the third year of study, preparation of diploma projects

Arriving for summer practice in the spring of 1903.<после третьего года обучения>, we received assignments for the preparation of diploma projects, approved by the design director, engineer Nevrazhin.

In the free evening time of summer practice, we began to study issues that were subject to theoretical and constructive solutions in diploma projects, and at factories and technical bureaus we tried to collect preliminary information and factory data on the weights of various ship structures and weapons to substantiate our design assumptions. It was also necessary to provide a technical justification for the selected types of ships, their weapons and main elements.

Being carried away by this project, I did not take advantage of my vacation in 1903, and at the end of the summer internship I entered the design bureau of the Baltic Plant and worked there for another month and a half before the start of autumn classes in Kronstadt. This additional practice gave me access to the factory technical archive and allowed me to collect valuable materials for the project.

When the next classes began in the fourth year, I had already decided on the entire project, a theoretical drawing of the shape of the hull, the general arrangement and the main structural drawings were drawn up. All that remained was to carry out all the theoretical calculations of stability at large angles of inclination and calculations of unsinkability in case of damage.

Final exams and defense of diploma projects

The period of transitional examinations has begun at the school, and our graduating class of shipbuilders must, in addition, defend their diploma projects. That’s why I don’t leave school and stay in the design class every day until 12 o’clock at night.

The defense is scheduled after all final exams on May 4. Production will take place on May 6, after which all new shipbuilders are required to report to their appointments and begin work immediately.

Finally, all the exam fever is over. Yesterday the defense of our projects took place, which was attended by specially invited engineers from the Kronstadt port. Our entire group of seven people was recognized as worthy of production and graduation into the corps of naval engineers of the fleet. We receive the title of "Junior Shipwright's Mates" and are civilian ranks of the Navy, as are naval doctors.

We already know approximately who will go where for further service. Kuteynikov and I will be enlisted in the St. Petersburg port at the Admiralty factories. We will immediately get to the construction of new ships. And two of our graduates will remain in Kronstadt. The rest will be sent to Sevastopol and the ports of the Finnish coast.