How to treat stomach ulcers: drugs, folk remedies and diet. Symptoms of stomach ulcers, treatment regimens, drugs Ulcerative defect

An ulcerative defect can be detected using X-ray or endoscopic methods.

X-ray examination

A direct symptom (“niche”) is characteristic - a shadow of a contrasting mass that fills the ulcerative crater. The silhouette of the ulcer can be seen in profile (contour “niche”) or in front against the background of folds of the mucous membrane (“relief niche”). Small "niches" are radiologically indistinguishable. The shape of the contour “niche” can be round, oval, slit-like, linear, pointed or irregular. The contours of small ulcers are usually smooth and clear. In large ulcers, the outlines become uneven due to the development of granulation tissue, accumulation of mucus, and blood clots. At the base of the “niche” small grooves are visible, corresponding to swelling and infiltration of the mucous membrane at the edges of the ulcer. The relief “niche” has the appearance of a persistent round or oval accumulation of contrasting mass on the inner surface of the stomach or duodenum. With a chronic ulcer, the relief “niche” may have an irregular shape and uneven outline. Sometimes there is convergence of the folds of the mucous membrane to the ulcerative defect. Indirect radiological signs of an ulcer include the presence of fluid in the stomach on an empty stomach, accelerated advancement of the contrast mass in the area of ​​the ulcer and regional spasm. In the stomach and bulb, spasm usually occurs at the level of the ulcer, but on the opposite side. There, a retraction of the contour of the organ wall with smooth outlines is formed - a symptom of a “pointing finger”. Duodenogastric reflux is often observed.

FEGDS

FEGDS is a more informative method (an ulcer is detected in 98% of cases), which allows not only to detect an ulcerative defect and monitor its healing, but also to conduct a histological assessment of changes in the gastric mucosa and exclude malignancy. An ulcer in the acute stage is most often round. The bottom of the ulcer is covered with fibrinous plaque and is often colored yellow. The mucous membrane around the ulcer is hyperemic and edematous. The edges of the ulcer are usually high, smooth, and there is an inflammatory shaft around the ulcer. A healing ulcer is characterized by a decrease in hyperemia, the inflammatory shaft is smoothed out, the ulcer becomes less deep, the bottom is cleared and covered with granulations. Based on the results of a biopsy of the edges and bottom of the ulcer, the healing process is confirmed. Changes in the form of leukocyte infiltration persist for a long time after restoration of the integrity of the mucous membrane.

is a relapsing disease that is chronic in nature. In this case, an ulcerative defect appears in the stomach and/or duodenum. As a result, there is a significant imbalance between the protective properties of the gastroduodenal zone and aggression factors.

This disease is considered to be the most common lesion of the gastrointestinal tract. Statistics show that approximately 10% of the total population suffers from peptic ulcer disease. As a rule, the disease affects both young and middle-aged people. More often, peptic ulcer disease is diagnosed in men. Today, doctors note a characteristic “rejuvenation” of the disease, as well as a more frequent manifestation of a severe form of the disease and a decrease in the effectiveness of treatment.

Causes of peptic ulcer

As a rule, the disease develops as a consequence of the influence of several predisposing factors on the human body. The causes of the development of this disease are determined by errors in the activity of hormonal and nervous mechanisms that regulate the activity of the stomach and duodenum, as well as the lack of proper balance between the effects on these organs hydrochloric acid , pepsins etc. and protective factors, which include bicarbonates , mucus , cell regeneration . In particular, peptic ulcer disease develops in people who have a hereditary predisposition to its manifestation, as well as in those who regularly experience emotional stress and do not adhere to the rules of a healthy diet.

The causes of peptic ulcer disease are usually divided into predisposing and implementing. Predisposing causes include genetic factors. Some people have a genetically determined increased number of stomach cells that produce hydrochloric acid. As a result, a person suffers from increased acidity. In addition, there are other genetic characteristics that influence the development of peptic ulcers. There are also studies that suggest that peptic ulcers are more common in people who have first blood group .

An important factor is certain features of the neuropsychic state. Those who suffer from impaired functioning are more susceptible to illness autonomic nervous system .

The nutritional factor is also taken into account. The development of peptic ulcers can be facilitated by constant consumption of spicy foods, irregular meals, and the lack of nutritious hot meals in the diet. But to this day, there is no exact evidence of the direct impact of this factor on the manifestation of peptic ulcer disease.

Stomach ulcers can also be caused by long-term treatment with certain medications. These drugs include: non-steroidal drugs with anti-inflammatory effects , synthetic adrenal cortex . Taking these drugs can negatively affect the condition of the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. In addition, they activate the aggression of gastric juice and at the same time reduce the protective function. If a person suffers from a chronic ulcer, then these drugs can provoke an exacerbation of the disease.

The presence of bad habits can also lead to manifestations of peptic ulcer disease. Strong alcoholic drinks can damage the mucous membrane, and alcohol also increases secretion in the stomach. If alcohol is consumed regularly and for a long period, a person may develop chronic .

Smoking is no less dangerous, since nicotine, like alcohol, increases gastric secretion. At the same time, the blood supply to the stomach deteriorates. But, like the food factor, this reason is still not considered proven.

The underlying cause of gastric and duodenal ulcers is determined by the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection . Infection can occur from eating dirty food or from using poorly sterilized medical instruments.
Helicobacter pylori produces cytotoxins - substances that damage mucosal cells, which can ultimately cause the development of erosion and gastric ulcers. Even if these substances are not produced by Helicobacter, a person develops chronic gastritis.

Symptoms of peptic ulcer

Basically, peptic ulcer of the duodenum and stomach is manifested primarily by pain in the upper abdomen (that is, “in the pit of the stomach”). Most often, the pain becomes intense when a person feels hungry, it mainly manifests itself between meals. Sometimes attacks of pain bother the patient at night. During such attacks, a person has to get up to take medicine or food. In such a situation, help is provided by those drugs that reduce the secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach or completely neutralize it. As a rule, about half an hour after taking food or these medications, the pain becomes less intense and gradually subsides. In addition, symptoms of a peptic ulcer may include periodic nausea, a feeling of severe fullness in the stomach and a feeling of severe heaviness in it immediately after eating. In more rare cases, the patient suffers from bouts of vomiting, after which a feeling of relief appears. Sometimes a person experiences a noticeable decrease in body weight due to loss of appetite.

In general, the manifestation of symptoms of the disease and its overall clinical picture directly depend on where exactly the pathological process is localized and what stage of the disease occurs.

The first stage is considered to be a condition in which a fresh ulcer of the duodenum or stomach forms. In this case, the main symptom is the manifestation of pain in the epigastric region, which becomes more severe if the person is hungry, and can also appear several hours after the person has eaten. It is at this stage that night pain and severe symptoms appear. dyspeptic syndrome (belching , constipation , nausea ). The patient notes pain on palpation of the abdomen.

The second stage of the disease is the period of initial epithelization of the ulcerative defect. Pain in the epigastric region at this stage occurs mainly during the day. After eating, a person feels noticeable relief. During this period, dyspeptic manifestations are much less pronounced.

The third stage is the period of ulcer healing. At this time, the patient may feel pain exclusively during the manifestation of a feeling of hunger, while no dyspeptic manifestations are observed.

At the fourth stage of the disease, which is remission, the person feels relatively normal and does not express complaints. There is no pain on palpation of the abdomen.

Diagnosis of peptic ulcer

To establish the correct diagnosis, the doctor must familiarize himself with the medical history in order to study the evolution of the disease. When collecting anamnesis, it is important to take into account information about whether the patient has a digestive disorder. Sometimes an ulcer occurs without any visible symptoms, in which case signs of the disease are detected only when a complication of the disease appears.

During the diagnosis process, the patient is also examined. This takes into account whether the person’s body weight is reduced or whether there is pain in the epigastric region.

After this, a variety of paraclinical research methods are used. The simplest test is an x-ray, which can also be used to detect certain complications of the disease.

But if the patient has signs of complications of a peptic ulcer, then he undergoes a radiographic examination without contrast, fibrogastroduodenoscopy. To rule out cancer, histological analysis is performed on samples that are collected.

Sometimes it is advisable to perform diagnostic laparoscopy, which sometimes turns into laparotomy. As a result, an operation can be performed to eliminate the causes of ulcer complications.

During the diagnostic process, it is also important to determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection in the body. For this purpose, a special study of the patient’s blood is performed. When making a diagnosis, it is necessary to differentiate an ulcer from other ailments.

Treatment of peptic ulcer

It is important that the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers is carried out comprehensively and in certain stages. At the stage of exacerbation of the disease, its therapy is necessarily carried out in a hospital. Treatment begins immediately after diagnosis. Initially, the patient must adhere to bed rest for several days and strictly adhere to the principles. Complex therapy includes treatment with non-absorbable antacids , antisecretory drugsAnd . In addition, with the help of certain drugs (used, metoclopramide , hydrochloride , ) hypermotor dyskinesia in the gastroduodenal zone is eliminated. If Helicobacter pylori is detected in a patient, a special three-component therapy method is used, which lasts several weeks.

At the second stage, periodic anti-relapse therapy is carried out, a diet is followed, and treatment is performed. vitamin complexes .

At the third stage, it is advisable to conduct a course of sanatorium treatment, which is prescribed to the patient approximately four months after hospital therapy.

When treating peptic ulcers, it is important to adhere to some general principles that are extremely important for recovery. First of all, it is important for the patient to completely quit smoking. This step will contribute to more active scarring of ulcers and reduce the number of exacerbations. You should also reduce your consumption of alcoholic beverages to a minimum. If possible, it is recommended to avoid the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and steroids. If this is not possible, then the dose of the drug should be reduced as much as possible.

It is necessary to adhere to the principles of dietary nutrition. can significantly reduce the frequency of attacks of the disease. It is most important not to eat those foods that make the symptoms of peptic ulcers more intense.

In the treatment of peptic ulcers, herbal medicine has a fairly effective effect. Some herbal decoctions and infusions provide reliable protection to the mucous membrane, having an astringent and enveloping effect. In addition, they eliminate pain, promote faster tissue healing, and have an anti-inflammatory effect.

When compiling a collection of herbs for the treatment of peptic ulcers, you should definitely take into account the acidity level of a particular patient. In the treatment of ulcers, infusions of chamomile, calamus roots, licorice, bergenia, marshmallow, fennel fruit, and plantain leaves are used. Treatment with a decoction of St. John's wort, valerian root, chicory, etc. is also effective. A decoction of flax seeds has an effective enveloping effect on the mucous membrane of the stomach and duodenum. Herbal decoctions must be taken several times every day. The general course of treatment lasts at least two months.

Doctors

Medicines

Diet, nutrition for peptic ulcers

To this day, doctors claim that proper nutrition for peptic ulcer disease contributes to a more active cure. It is important that patients, especially those whose ulcers last a long time, take this point into account and adhere to the rules of a healthy diet during peptic ulcer disease. Due to the fact that the main damage, both in the stomach and in the duodenum, appears under the influence of hydrochloric acid, it is imperative to reduce the amount of foods in the diet that stimulate the secretion of gastric juice. If possible, it is better not to use them at all. Dietary food must necessarily contain a sufficient amount of proteins, fats, and vitamins. It is advisable to eat foods that weakly stimulate gastric secretion. These are milk and vegetable soups, boiled fish, and well-cooked meat. It is also recommended to include dairy products, eggs, day-old white bread, porridge with milk, and weak tea in the menu. At the same time, alcoholic and carbonated drinks, canned food, all spicy foods, strong tea and coffee, rich broths from meat, fish, and mushrooms greatly stimulate secretion in the stomach. Therefore, nutrition for peptic ulcer disease should not include these foods and drinks. In addition, those products that irritate the mucous membrane mechanically are also undesirable to consume. We are talking about radishes, turnips, asparagus, legumes, as well as unripe fruits and fruits with too hard skins. You should also not eat dishes made from products that contain coarse connective tissue - too stringy meat, skin, cartilage.

Prevention of peptic ulcers

Most often, the manifestation of peptic ulcer in humans is observed in autumn or spring. In order to avoid exacerbations, as well as completely prevent the manifestation of peptic ulcer disease, you should definitely ensure proper sleep - at least 6-8 hours a day, and do not eat fried, smoked and fatty foods too often. At the first symptoms of a gastrointestinal disease, you should undergo a full examination by visiting a specialist. It is equally important to carefully monitor the health of your teeth and avoid nervous strain. The disease can be triggered by drinking alcohol and smoking, so it is important to get rid of such bad habits in time. In general, a healthy and active lifestyle and the right attitude towards one’s own health are important for the prevention of peptic ulcer disease.

Complications of peptic ulcer

There is evidence from experts that complications of gastric and duodenal ulcers are more common in males. The most common complication of the disease is considered. Bleeding develops much more often in people with duodenal ulcers.

If the ulcer gradually enlarges, it may eventually expose the vessel wall, which is subsequently destroyed by the acid. After this, internal bleeding appears. Depending on the amount of blood loss, the patient exhibits certain symptoms. But the main signs of bleeding are a feeling of sudden severe weakness, fainting, vomiting, in which scarlet or coagulated blood is released, a sharp decrease in blood pressure. When a patient bleeds, the stool will be liquid and tarry.

It is important to note that bleeding can only be treated in the surgical department of a hospital. To determine exactly where the source of bleeding is located, the patient undergoes a gastroscopic examination. At the time of gastroscopy, the blood is stopped using specially prepared solutions. Also, a vessel that is bleeding can be stitched with paper clips specially used for this purpose. The patient is given intravenous medications that reduce the production of hydrochloric acid.

Even after the bleeding has stopped, the patient is advised to remain in the hospital for several more days under the close supervision of a doctor. If stopping the bleeding is impossible without surgery, the patient undergoes surgery, the type of which is determined by a specialist individually.

When a stomach ulcer develops, there is a risk of ulcer perforation . For this condition, which is also called perforation of the ulcer , characterized by the appearance of a through hole in the wall of the organ affected by the ulcer. Due to the formation of such an opening, part of the contents of the duodenum or stomach ends up in the abdominal cavity. As a result, development occurs peritonitis .

With this complication of the disease, the patient feels acute pain in the epigastric region. These sensations can be compared in intensity to a knife blow to the stomach. The pain is so severe that it threatens to develop a state of shock. Then the pain gradually spreads to one of the lateral sections of the abdomen. In this case, due to such strong pain, a person turns pale, becomes covered in sweat, and his consciousness may become clouded. During such an acute attack, he is forced to remain in a motionless lying position - the so-called “embryo” position. His body temperature rises and his tongue becomes dry.

This condition manifests itself in the patient in three stages: shock initially sets in, followed by a period of imaginary well-being, after which progressive peritonitis develops. Another distinctive symptom of this condition is the tense state of the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall.

Ulcer perforation occurs as a consequence of the progression of peptic ulcer disease. More often, perforation is diagnosed in men of working age. It is very important to promptly hospitalize a patient with such a complication, since without surgery the patient is at risk of death. It is impossible to cure the perforation without surgery.

There are also cases of covered perforated ulcer, in which after perforation, after about one hour, the hole is covered by an organ located nearby. But, as a rule, the hole is not tightly covered, so peritonitis still develops.

Its one complication of peptic ulcer is ulcer penetration . With this condition, a hole also appears in the wall of the duodenum or stomach. But at the same time, such a hole will not open into the abdominal cavity, but into those organs that are located nearby. Symptoms of such a complication appear in the patient depending on which organ in question.

However, there are also characteristic general symptoms. In particular, this is severe pain, which only becomes more intense over time and appears constantly. Such pain cannot be relieved with drugs - antacids . An increase in body temperature is characteristic. This pathology can only be treated surgically.

At stenosis of the pylorus and duodenum (this condition is also called obstruction of the pyloric part of the stomach ) food from the stomach enters the intestines with significant difficulties, which arise as a consequence of scarring of the ulcer, which developed either in the initial part of the duodenum or in the final part of the stomach. If such a narrowing is insignificant, then it can be expressed by a feeling of heaviness for some time after consuming food. Periodically, the patient may experience vomiting, after which he notices relief. If stenosis develops further, then some of the food is already retained in the stomach, which, in turn, stretches. The person notes a putrid odor from the mouth, a constant urge to vomit, and severe pain in the abdomen. After some time, the disturbance in the digestive process progresses, and the person becomes noticeably exhausted, his body becomes dehydrated.

List of sources

• V.T.Ivashkin. Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of peptic ulcer. Methodological manual for doctors. - M.: 2002;
• I.I. Dyagtereva. Clinical gastroenterology: a guide for doctors. - M.: MIA, 2004;
• Ivashkin V.T., Lapina T.L. Gastroenterology: national guidelines. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media, 2008;
• Isakov V. A., Domaradsky I. V. Helicobacteriosis. M.; 2003;
• Grigoriev P.Ya., Yakovenko E.P. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. - M.: Medicine, 1996.

Stomach ulcer- a chronic disease in which the formation of ulcerative defects of the gastric mucosa occurs. The disease most often affects men between 20 and 50 years old. The disease is characterized by a chronic course with frequent relapses, which usually occur in spring and autumn.

A significant role in the occurrence of gastric ulcers is played by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the vital activity of which leads to an increase in the acidity of gastric juice. Treatment of stomach ulcers is carried out by a gastroenterologist.

Constant stress provokes disruption of the nervous system, leading to spasms of the muscles and blood vessels of the gastrointestinal tract. The nutrition of the stomach is disrupted, gastric juice begins to have a detrimental effect on the mucous membrane, which leads to the formation of ulcers.

Causes of stomach ulcers

The main reason for the development of the disease is considered to be an imbalance between the protective mechanisms of the stomach and aggression factors, i.e. The mucus secreted by the stomach cannot cope with enzymes and hydrochloric acid.

The following factors can lead to such an imbalance and the development of stomach ulcers:

• the presence of chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (gastritis, pancreatitis);
• poor nutrition;
• long-term use of drugs that have ulcer-forming properties;
• alcohol abuse and smoking;
• stress;
• genetic predisposition.

Symptoms of a stomach ulcer

Symptoms of a stomach ulcer are:

• severe pain;
• hunger pains;
• night pain;
• vomiting sour;
• heartburn.

The main, most noticeable symptom of an ulcer is persistent pain. This means that the patient feels them for a long time, depending on his patience - a week, a month, six months. If an unexamined patient endures pain for a long time, then he may notice such a sign as the seasonality of pain - its appearance in the spring and autumn months (winter and summer pass in their absence).

Ulcerative pain is most often localized in the epigastric region, in the middle of the distance between the navel and the end of the sternum; for gastric ulcers - along the midline or to the left of it; with a duodenal ulcer - 1-2 cm to the right of the midline. The cause of pain is periodic spasm of the pylorus of the stomach and irritation of the ulcerated wall of the organ with hydrochloric acid.

The pain can be of varying intensity, which depends both on the patient’s patience and on the depth of the ulcer. All other things being equal, pain with a duodenal ulcer is more severe than with a gastric ulcer. More often, the pain, compared, for example, with colic, is much weaker, its intensity is low or medium, the nature of the pain is aching.

The pain is typically associated with food intake. When the disease is localized in the stomach, pain occurs after eating - the sooner the “higher” the ulcer is (i.e., closer to the esophagus); on an empty stomach the pain calms down. With duodenal ulcers, so-called hunger and night pains are typical, which, on the contrary, decrease or disappear immediately after eating, and after 2-3 hours they resume again.

In most patients with peptic ulcers, pain is relieved after taking baking soda (“soda test” - take baking soda powder on the tip of a knife, pour into half a glass of boiled water and give the patient a drink during pain).

If the pain goes away instantly, like angina pectoris from nitroglycerin, then most likely you are dealing with an “ulcerative” patient. The appearance or intensification of pain is preceded by a “sin” the day before or the day before. Remember if there was a copious “libation”, spicy food, or unusual food. The pain is more intense in bad weather, when strong winds blow and rain pours down in buckets.

They say there is a connection between geomagnetic and solar activity and exacerbation of the disease. Often patients feel that their ulcer has “opened” and become ill after a quarrel, scandal, troubles at work, a funeral, etc. It is interesting that excessively strong positive emotions can also provoke pain. Often, pain appears or becomes more severe after treating a cold with aspirin, after prescribing, for example, Brufen (or its analogues) for joint pain.

As already mentioned, long-term use of hormones (prednisolone and its analogs), for example, for the treatment of rheumatism or severe bronchial asthma, naturally leads to an acute course of gastrointestinal tract infection or an exacerbation of a chronic one, especially if drugs from the group of gastric protectors were not taken prophylactically.

With exacerbation and especially with perforation, the rhythm of the pain changes - it becomes constant and painful. Patients are especially concerned about pain from ulcers penetrating the pancreas. When penetrating into the liver, sometimes the pain decreases when the patient is positioned on the left side. During an exacerbation, approximately 30-40% of patients experience vomiting, and the contents of the vomit have a sour taste.

Vomiting is more typical for gastric ulcers and with the development of ulcerative stenosis (narrowing of the stomach with scars); in the latter case, vomiting is frequent, occurs easily and effortlessly, bringing enormous relief. With stenosis, vomiting of stagnant gastric contents with a foul odor occurs. Often the vomit contains food eaten the day before.

There are also cases of ulcers with a painless, asymptomatic course. True, when palpating the abdomen in such patients, pain is still noted in the “ulcerative points” of the epigastric region.

Sometimes the first symptom of a chronic ulcer is perforation or bleeding; then the person finds himself in a peak situation. Therefore, you should not wait for all the described symptoms to develop. In modern life, the disease is often diagnosed with minor pain and heartburn in the absence of a clear clinical picture.

Ulcers that occur with excessively high acidity are characterized by constipation, often with intestinal colic.

Detailed descriptions of stomach ulcer symptoms

“Portrait of an ulcer” with stomach damage

Ulcer patients often experience a feeling of internal tension and increased irritability. This is not the cause, but a consequence of the ulcer, the result of improper receptor activity of the nervous system as a whole.

Often, by their changed mood, ulcer sufferers correctly judge the exacerbation of the disease. When monitoring “ulcerative” patients, it is necessary to take into account their appearance.

Typically, a person with a stomach ulcer is a middle-aged or elderly man; thin, with a dissatisfied expression on his face, often winces, and is extremely picky about food. Exacerbations are experienced tragically; very suspicious.

Treatment of stomach ulcers

Diet plays an important role in the treatment of peptic ulcers.

The basic principle of therapeutic nutrition:

Drug treatment of stomach ulcers

Drug treatment includes several groups of drugs:

Surgical treatment of stomach ulcers

In case of multiple, often recurrent ulcers, as well as in the event of complications, surgical treatment is indicated: gastric resection and vagotomy - cutting the nerves that stimulate acid secretion in the stomach.

Peptic ulcer disease is successfully treated today. By following a diet, giving up bad habits, and taking timely treatment measures, you can avoid complications of the disease. But they are the ones who cause deaths.

Instructions for drugs used in treatment

Which doctors should I contact?

Diagnosis of stomach ulcers

Today, the most effective diagnostic method is FGDS - fibrogastroduodenoscopy. Visual examination of the gastric mucosa through a fiber optic probe makes it possible to determine the presence of an ulcer, its location, and take a scraping of the mucous membrane for analysis.

In connection with the establishment of the role of Helicobacter pylori in the development of the ulcerative process, tests for antibodies to this microorganism in the patient’s blood and in scrapings of the mucous membrane were introduced into the diagnostic program.

To choose the right treatment tactics, it is necessary to correctly determine the acidity of gastric juice. For this purpose, pH measurements of stomach contents taken through a tube are performed.

Nutrition and diet for stomach ulcers

Maintaining a proper diet is a prerequisite for effective treatment of stomach ulcers. It is necessary to exclude from the diet:

• alcohol;
• fatty foods;
• spicy and spicy dishes;
• carbonated drinks;
• coffee;
• chocolate.

Useful products are:

• porridge;
• white rice;
• fermented milk products.

You need to eat warm food and in small portions to avoid irritation of the intestines and stomach. A common folk remedy - water with soda - only temporarily relieves pain, since soda is an alkali and neutralizes the acid of the gastric juice, which stops irritating the ulcer and the pain subsides for a while.

An excellent folk remedy is cranberry, whose juice is not inferior to antibiotics in antibacterial properties. Two glasses a day will protect you from the spread of the disease. Cranberry juice is especially beneficial for women. In addition, sea buckthorn oil, honey, aloe juice, fresh cabbage juice, and carrot juice are good for restoring the gastric mucosa and healing wounds.

Folk remedies for treating stomach ulcers

Important: the use of traditional medicine must be agreed with the attending physician.

Honey and lemon

Prepare lemon juice from 2 lemons, add half a kilogram of honey and half a liter of olive oil. Mix thoroughly and store in a cool place, covered. Before taking, it is advisable to stir the mixture. Take half an hour before meals, a tablespoon 3 times a day. The course of treatment is one month. It is advisable to conduct such courses 2-3 times a year for prevention. It is recommended to carry out treatment in parallel with this, eating 5-6 pieces of walnuts.

Sea buckthorn juice

Cabbage juice

Drinking cabbage juice is very beneficial. Juice from fresh cabbage leaves heals even better than any medicine. It is advisable to drink a glass of juice 4 times a day. But you can also use fresh tomato juice, sea buckthorn or sophorin juice. Before eating, it won’t hurt to eat a piece of aloe leaf. The course of treatment is 6 weeks. It is also useful to drink a tablespoon of sunflower oil every morning before meals until the bottle runs out. Store the oil itself in a dark place.

Oak bark

You need to pour 4 tbsp. oak bark with 1 liter of boiling water and boil for about 20-30 minutes, then cool and take 1 tbsp a couple of times a day.

Aloe tincture

Tincture of aloe leaves is very good for treating stomach ulcers. It is also used for prevention and for chronic illness. You will need 250 grams of aloe leaves. Before cutting, the flower is not watered for 2 weeks. In this case, the plant should be 3-5 years old. After cutting, the leaves should be placed in a cool, dark place for a while.

Pass 250 grams of cut leaves through a meat grinder, add 250 grams of honey, mix and put on gas. Stirring constantly, heat the mixture to 50-60 degrees. After reaching this temperature, add half a liter of red natural wine. Mix everything and put it in a dark place for a week. Take one tablespoon 3 times a day, an hour before meals. The course of treatment is 21 days. In the first 7 days, it is better to use a teaspoon to adapt the body.

Potato juice

You need to grate the potatoes and squeeze the juice out of them. Add water in a 1:1 ratio and drink in the morning on an empty stomach half an hour before breakfast.

Recipe for ulcers

There is one very healthy and tasty folk recipe for stomach ulcers. Take 300 grams of flower honey, walnuts and butter. Place everything in an enamel pan, bake in the oven at 100 degrees for twenty minutes, then stir. Take a tablespoon 3 times a day half an hour before meals and do not wash it down with anything. The ulcer will heal very quickly and surgery will no longer be needed. This is a self-tested remedy.

Perforated stomach ulcer

A perforated ulcer is a severe complication of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, which can cause peritonitis. Most often, this condition develops in spring and autumn during the period of exacerbation.

Causes of ulcer perforation

The development of perforation is facilitated by alcohol consumption, physical and emotional stress, as well as poor nutrition, especially during seasonal exacerbations. Sometimes this condition can occur after a gastric intubation procedure. During crises and wars, when psycho-emotional stress increases and nutrition deteriorates, the incidence of ulcer perforation increases by 2 times.

Perforation, i.e. the appearance of a through defect in the wall of the stomach or intestine with the release of contents into the abdominal cavity, especially characteristic of elderly people. In young people, this complication is most often localized in the duodenum.

Symptoms of a perforated ulcer

At the beginning, a person feels acute, severe pain, nausea and the urge to vomit. Characterized by pallor, cold sweat, severe weakness and dizziness. The patient lies motionless with his legs pressed to his stomach.

After approximately 5-6 hours, an apparent improvement occurs - the acute symptoms of perforation stop, but it is during this period that peritonitis may occur, which is characterized by:

• bloating;
• increase in temperature;
• tachycardia.

Symptoms of a perforated stomach ulcer may be similar to the symptoms of other acute diseases of the internal organs, renal colic or appendicitis, so if such symptoms appear, you should call an ambulance. If the diagnosis of perforation is confirmed, the patient is hospitalized.

Important: When symptoms appear, you should not hesitate to call a doctor, since the development of peritonitis poses a threat to the patient’s life.

Treatment of perforated gastric ulcer

Treatment of a perforated ulcer is carried out in a hospital setting using surgical intervention to eliminate the defect in the patient’s gastric cavity. A timely visit to the doctor, a timely diagnosis and surgery, as well as proper postoperative treatment of the patient are the key to recovery.

Postoperative treatment and diet for perforated gastric ulcer

During the postoperative treatment period, the patient requires long-term treatment with antiulcer drugs. For the first 10 days, bed rest is prescribed. A fundamental factor for a quick recovery is a therapeutic postoperative diet, which requires strict adherence in the first months after surgery. The diet after surgery for a perforated ulcer is designed to eliminate inflammation and promote recovery processes in the stomach. It is mandatory to limit the consumption of salt, liquids and simple carbohydrates.

On the 2-3rd day after the operation, you can give the patient mineral water without carbon, give weak tea and slightly sweetened fruit jelly. After a few more days, you can drink a decoction of rose hips, eat 1-3 soft-boiled eggs, well-boiled and pureed rice or buckwheat porridge, and pureed vegetable soups. 8-10 days after surgery, you can add carrot, potato, pumpkin and zucchini puree to your diet. You can eat fish and meat cutlets, steamed and without oil.

Bread can be eaten only after a month, in limited quantities, exclusively yesterday’s baked goods. Kefir and sour cream can be eaten 2 months after surgery. It is necessary to exclude liver, lung, kidney, and baked goods from the patient’s menu.

You should also not eat spicy, smoked or salty foods, marinades, canned food or sausage. Jam, honey, chocolate, coffee and cocoa are contraindicated. Until complete recovery, you must avoid dishes made from legumes, mushrooms, cabbage, onions, sorrel, garlic, radishes, spinach and ice cream.

Alcohol and carbonated drinks are prohibited. And only when the patient’s condition improves, after 2-4 months, can the diet be gradually expanded.

Prognosis for stomach ulcers

The prognosis of the disease is generally positive, and timely treatment leads to complete restoration of ability to work. Only in some cases there are a number of serious complications, such as heavy bleeding and perforation; these conditions are very dangerous as they can lead to peritonitis.

Prevention of stomach ulcers

• sleep 6-8 hours;
• give up fatty, smoked, fried foods;
• if you have stomach pain, you should get examined;
• treat bad teeth so that you can chew food well;
• avoid stress, as after nervous overstrain the pain in the stomach intensifies;
• do not eat very hot or very cold food;
• no smoking;
• do not abuse alcohol.

Questions and answers on the topic "Stomach ulcer"

Hello! My husband has loss of appetite, vomiting and fever. But there is no pain. Tell me, could this be an ulcer?

The main symptom of a stomach ulcer is persistent pain. You need a face-to-face consultation with a therapist.

Hello. I started having pain in the left hypochondrium, this is already the third week. Now the pain has also started under the left shoulder blade. I don’t complain about my stomach, I eat normally without pain before and after meals. I sleep without pain, pain only begins during physical activity. load. It may have something to do with the stomach.

The left hypochondrium contains the spleen, stomach, pancreas, intestinal loops (as, indeed, everywhere else in the abdomen) and the left side of the diaphragm. Thus, pain in the left hypochondrium can be caused by damage and disease of these organs. Pain syndrome may also be associated with heart pathology. You need a face-to-face consultation with a doctor for examination.

I am 35 and have been diagnosed with two ulcers: in the stomach and duodenum. They said it was from stress. Is it dangerous or not? Thank you.

Due to an untreated ulcer, a perforation occurs, as a result of which through holes are formed in the stomach, and all food entering it ends up in the abdominal cavity. The consequence of this phenomenon is the development of peritonitis and the death of a person within three days if he does not receive urgent medical care. The disease is also dangerous due to internal bleeding, which occurs due to the fact that erosive formations expose the wall of the blood vessel, and hydrochloric acid corrodes it. For this reason, blood loss occurs, the consequences of which can be very serious. Peptic ulcer disease is also dangerous because over time, the pathology can also affect neighboring organs, such as the pancreas. And although the ulcer remains closed, acute pancreatitis develops, the consequences of which are even more dangerous than erosive damage to the organ.

Recently I began to feel heaviness and pain in my stomach in attacks, then pain in my intestines during bowel movements. If you eat something gentle (fresh vegetables, oatmeal with yogurt), then there is no pain, which occurs after spicy and fatty foods. I began to want to eat less at one time, I just can’t do it, and with severe pain it is impossible to force myself to eat. There are no night pains, there was a feeling of nausea, but no vomiting. Could this be a stomach or duodenal ulcer? Is it possible to get by with just proper nutrition, without visiting a doctor?

This could be a peptic ulcer or other gastrointestinal diseases (the duodenum is characterized by hunger pains). It is better to be examined by a gastroenterologist so as not to miss anything serious - it is easier to be treated in the early stages of the disease.

I have a stomach ulcer. And I almost always feel an unpleasant odor from my mouth. After completing the course of treatment, this feeling goes away, but not for long. How can you get rid of this? Is it possible at all? Thanks in advance.

First of all, it is necessary to exclude diseases of the ENT organs and dental diseases. If the problem persists, you need to continue working with a gastroenterologist.

After hospital treatment for a stomach and duodenal ulcer (he was admitted to the hospital with bleeding in the stomach), my dad was prescribed to take Control at home 2 times a day without instructions during, before or after meals. Can't get through to the doctor. Please tell me the peculiarities of taking this drug.

It has been established that neither the time of day nor food intake affects the activity of the drug, so you can take it at your convenience. Health to you!

My father has been eating for two months now, and he immediately starts vomiting. He was prescribed pills, but they don't help him. I just don't remember the name. Now they took the tests again, a piece of the stomach for analysis. Please tell me what he might have.

Vomiting after eating can occur with stenosis (narrowing) of the pylorus of the stomach, in which food cannot pass from the stomach to the intestines. Pyloric stenosis can be a consequence of peptic ulcer disease or even cancer. It was for this reason (to determine the exact cause of the disease) that a fragment of tissue was taken from your father for analysis.

I have read a lot of literature about stomach ulcers, but nowhere does it indicate that diarrhea can also be one of the symptoms. The fact is that my husband has an ulcer and it is accompanied by terrible diarrhea. Food does not stay in the stomach at all. Bowel movements occur after every meal or even more often. About 5-6 times a day. He was diagnosed with H-pylori bacteria. I took antibiotics for 2 weeks - it didn’t help. A gastroscopy was prescribed. He is 33 years old. The question is, can there be severe diarrhea with a stomach ulcer?

Diarrhea (diarrhea) is indeed not a classic symptom of an ulcer, which is why it is rarely included in the list of symptoms of this disease. In the case of your husband, it is likely that the occurrence of diarrhea is associated with increased irritation of the digestive tract, as is observed with irritable bowel syndrome (that is, the coexistence of two diseases is possible). The lack of effect from a course of antibiotics should not discourage you - the effect of treatment will become noticeable a little later. on the other hand, persistent diarrhea may indicate a disruption in the functioning of the pylorus of the stomach and too rapid passage of food into the intestines (this is a complication of peptic ulcer disease). Now you should undergo a gastroscopy, which should determine the condition of the ulcer and the presence of possible complications; perhaps during the examination the exact cause of diarrhea will be determined.

Fibrogastroduodenoscopy is the main method for diagnosing peptic ulcers. During this time, it is necessary to establish the fact of peptic ulcer disease as such. From the study protocol, the treating physician must obtain information that will allow him to make a detailed clinical diagnosis.

The endoscopic picture of gastric and duodenal ulcers depends on the stage of development of the ulcer. It is proposed to distinguish the following stages of development of a peptic ulcer:

In stage A of activity, the ulcer endoscopically has a round or oval shape (size from 1-2 mm to gigantic sizes of 8-10 cm) with a pronounced inflammatory shaft around and a bottom covered with a grayish coating. The edges of the ulcer are smooth and clear. The proximal edge of the ulcer is higher and hangs over the ulcer in a crater-like manner, and its distal edge is flat. The ulcer crater is most often cone-shaped, and its depth depends on the height of the surrounding inflammatory shaft and the depth of the ulcer itself. Fresh epithelium is not visible.

In the A2 activity stage, the size of the ulcer remains the same, the inflammatory shaft is somewhat less pronounced, the edges of the ulcer are clean and a small border of fresh epithelium adjoins them, and further to the periphery hyperemic mucosa is visible. Sometimes small folds are observed, radially directed towards the ulcer.

During the healing stage, the 31 shape of the ulcer can be round or oval, but sometimes it changes to linear, polygonal or slit-like. The plaque covering the bottom of the ulcer becomes thin and whitish. Compared to the active stage, the size of the ulcer decreases, the inflammatory shaft is very weakly expressed, as a result of which the edges of the ulcer become flat, fresh epithelium spreads to 2/3 of the surface of the ulcer and only its center is not covered with it. The surrounding mucosa is moderately hyperemic.

Healing stage 32 is characterized by a further reduction in the size of the ulcer. Fresh epithelium covers the entire surface of the ulcer, and only a small area with a thin white coating remains in the center. The surrounding mucosa is of normal color, there is no angle of inclination between the edge of the ulcer and its bottom.

In the stage of scarring P1 (“fresh” scar), the bottom of the ulcer is completely covered with fresh pink epithelium, there is no plaque. Upon close inspection, many blood vessels are visible in the fresh epithelium. This is the red scar stage.

Stage P2 scarring, or the white scar stage ("old" scar), forms after several weeks or months and is characterized by complete elimination

inflammatory process in the mucous membrane, and the mucous membrane of the scar acquires a whitish color.

If complications develop, the endoscopist must give a detailed description of them:

bleeding: establishing the fact and source of bleeding, its characteristics, type of hemostasis;
perforation: diagnosis of complications, localization and size of the ulcer and perforation, the presence of associated complications (bleeding, stenosis) and ulcerative defects;
penetration: depth, size and localization of the ulcerative defect;

o stenosis: the degree of stenosis and the presence of an ulcerative defect, the size of the stomach, the nature and amount of stagnant contents, wall tone.

The study protocol must indicate the presence of direct or indirect signs of motor-evacuation disorders (duodenogastric or gastroesophageal reflux, distal reflux esophagitis, antral reflux gastritis, bile in the lumen and on the walls of the stomach and esophagus, food debris). When describing an ulcerative defect, the size, shape, depth of the ulcer, characteristics of the edges, bottom, and localization should be reflected.

According to our data, patients with a complicated course are characterized by large ulcers, exceeding 1.0 cm in diameter, having a pronounced periulcerous inflammatory shaft, rigid edges, significant depth. In some cases, the ulcers are multiple in nature, double localized; higher frequency and severity of deformation of the stomach and/or duodenal bulb and duodenogastric reflux.

Plaque of fibrin with hemosiderin indicates a tendency to bleeding or can be considered as a stigma of previous bleeding. A deep ulcer on the posterior or medial wall often penetrates into the pancreas, which is accompanied by concomitant inflammation of the gland. In addition, such localization is dangerous due to the development of severe bleeding due to the proximity of large vessels.

Control studies make it possible to assess the dynamics of scarring of the ulcerative defect.

The severity of cicatricial deformity can be objectively judged by X-ray data in conditions of hypotension. However, the endoscopist must reflect the presence and severity of gastric and/or duodenal deformity in the examination protocol.

Moderate cicatricial deformation of the duodenal bulb is characterized by a change in the shape of the bulb in the form of a slight decrease in its size, shortening of one of the walls, beam-like folds of the mucous membrane, converging to the scar, which do not completely straighten when insufflated with air. A more significant reduction in the size of the duodenal bulb, the appearance of pseudodiverticula (diverticulum-like “pockets”) on the walls, delimited from the main cavity of the bulb by comb-like or semilunar folds that do not disappear even with hyperinsufflation of air, mixing of the bulboduodenal zone characterizes pronounced cicatricial deformation. With pronounced cicatricial deformation, a significant narrowing of the cavity and shortening of the bulb are observed, pseudodiverticula are formed, the bulboduodenal border shifts to the area of ​​the upper or anterior wall (less often the lower), and is difficult to detect. The folds are rough and anastomose with each other. Various degrees of stenosis in the bulboduodenal border and suprastenotic insufficiency of the pylorus are often observed. With this type of disease, the diagnostic capabilities of endoscopy are limited due to the impossibility of a detailed examination of the duodenal bulb. Only the presence and level of stenosis (pylorus, bulb, subbulb), the size of the narrowing, the nature and volume of gastric contents (semi-quantitative), an increase in the size of the organ, the condition of the gastric mucosa (inflammation, hypertrophy or atrophy, etc.) can be adequately assessed. ), folds, rigidity or elasticity of the walls, associated lesions, the nature of changes in peristalsis (hypo-, normo- or hypermotility). The dynamics of these changes during treatment must also be assessed. It is, as a rule, not possible to reliably assess the degree of stenosis and disturbances in the evacuation function, to carry out a detailed description of the ulcerative defect (except for stating the very fact of the presence of an ulcer) and concomitant lesions of the duodenum.

Exoduodenal deformities are more often associated with pathology of the pancreas and are observed in the descending section along the medial wall.