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Individual first aid kit, military first aid kit, individual anti-chemical package, individual dressing package. Military first aid kit Special first aid kit for the military composition

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An individual first aid kit for a military personnel is a special set of medical products and medications designed to provide individual or collective emergency care for various burns, wounds and other extreme situations, directly in combat conditions. What are the main types of these products? How to wear it correctly? You will read about this and much more in our article.

Types of army medical kits

There are several types of military first aid kits. In general, they can be individual or collective, intended for combat personnel or paramedics working in military field conditions, as well as civilian needs.

Basic types of military first aid kits include:

  • Personal first aid kit. It is often called a tactical first aid kit. It includes 4 main classes with several varieties and is briefly labeled as AI. At the same time, AI-1 and AI-3 with modifications are intended for military needs. AI-2 and AI-4 are simplified versions for ordinary residents and are used as personal protective equipment within the framework of civil defense;
  • Military first aid kit. It is an expanded set of medications and drugs that are used to equip wheeled and tracked vehicles in the armed forces of the Russian Federation. Allows you to provide first emergency medical aid to 3-5 wounded crew members;
  • VF kit. It is an expanded functional set of medicines and various medications intended for the systemic provision of first emergency medical care. The paramedic military kit most often acts as a staff unit for a medical platoon or battalion. In addition, they are equipped with sections of evacuation routes and places of military operations. It is used not only by the military and is currently in service with civilian emergency services; in addition, a certain number of them are stored in civil defense and emergency warehouses.

Composition of a military personal first aid kit

Currently, the Russian army uses modern personal protective equipment, including an appropriate medical kit. However, throughout the country you can still find variations of individual sets for military or civilian needs of previous modifications.

AI-1

The first modification of the AI-1 first aid kit was accepted for supply back in 1978. Designed to prevent shock in case of injuries, wounds, as well as provide medical care in case of bacterial, chemical or radiation damage.

The basic composition of the army personal first aid kit AI-1 includes:

  • Two syringe tubes with Athena or Budaxim. Intended for use in case of poisoning with FOV;
  • One syringe tube with analgesic drug spectrum. Most often they receive a solution of promedol. Included optionally by special permission;
  • Cystamine tablets. Acts as a radioprotective agent;
  • Antibiotic in tablet form. Previously, tetracycline hydrochloride was used, after 1987 it was replaced by vibromycin;
  • Antidote. Supplied optionally depending on specific potential military conditions. Most often it was a combination of phenazepam, aminostigmine and fluoroacyzine or potassium iodide;
  • Etaperazine in tablets. A strong antiemetic.

In the more modern variation AI-1, accepted for supply already in 1995, poisoning prevention agents, antiseptics, and water disinfection solutions were added to the drugs described above.

AI-2

The civilian version of the AI-1 is currently considered obsolete. Intended for emergency treatment in situations involving the use of weapons of mass destruction, as well as mutual aid for wounds.

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The basic composition of the AI-2 first aid kit included 2 radioprotective and antibacterial agents, as well as an antiemetic drug. In addition, until 1995, the composition contained aprofen, which is an antidote to damage from organophosphorus compounds. Variations of the AI-2 personal first aid kit, previously used by non-military law enforcement officers, also included the narcotic opioid analgesic and athens.

AI-3

At the moment, it is the main option for an individual military first aid kit; it contains a universal set of emergency first aid equipment.

Basic composition of an individual first aid kit AI-3:

  • One hemostatic tourniquet;
  • Universal broad-spectrum antibiotic. Usually it is doxycycline;
  • 1 individual dressing package;
  • Two tubes of narcotic analgesic. Supplied by special order, in peacetime the first aid kit is not equipped with it;
  • Two antidotes. Budaksim and Athens;
  • Antiemetic and radioprotective agent. Accordingly, ethaperazine and cystamine.

The extended variation AI-3-3sp includes about 3 dozen positions and is intended to provide assistance to a group of soldiers, up to 2 dozen people.

AI-4

The civilian version of the military individual first aid kit AI 3 in 4 variations. Used in normal situations involving the use of weapons of mass destruction. Included remedies against poisoning by organophosphorus compounds, potent toxic components, and reserve antidotes.

In addition, it contained antibacterial and radioprotective components, an analgesic and an antiemetic drug. At the moment it is considered obsolete, the official one has ceased to be used since 2012, and has been replaced by a personal medical civil protection kit containing 13 components

Composition of the personal first aid kit AI-4:

  • Dressing package;
  • Ketorol;
  • Oral air duct;
  • Ammonia;
  • Sodium thiosulfate;
  • Fcisol;
  • Hemostatic tourniquet;
  • Mexidol;
  • Doxycycline;
  • Potassium iodide;
  • Hot water bottle;
  • Disinfecting and hemostatic wipes.

Anti-chemical bags

A modern individual anti-chemical package is the 11 series IPP kit. It is designed to neutralize a wide range of irritants and toxic substances on the skin, personal protective equipment, and so on. The basic working substance is a combined liquid containing water, sodium hydroxide, ethyl carbitol, triethylene glycol and lanthanum nitrate.

It can act as an effective prevention when applied to the skin in advance for up to one day.

Using the anti-chemical bag is quite simple: you need to open it along the cut-out notch, use a swab to treat the skin with the available liquid, and then dispose of the remains as household waste.

Individual sets AI1–AI4 can be worn wherever it is convenient in the summer, for example, using the side pockets of a tactical vest. During the cold season, the corresponding product is placed in the chest pocket under several layers of clothing to minimize the risk of freezing of liquid substances and their damage.

Military first aid kits and paramedic kits are carried in appropriate cases or specialized bags - both devices have the necessary set in sections for the correct distribution of available substances.

The issue of completing an individual army first aid kit must be approached very seriously and carefully. Here, every mistake can cost the life or disability of the victim. The soldier’s medical and psychological training and the ability to provide first aid should also be taken into account. Without basic medical knowledge, a military first aid kit may be useless. What should be considered when forming the composition of an individual army first aid kit?

According to US Combat lifesaver, the most likely situations requiring first aid are:

  • head and neck injuries (16%)
  • torso injuries (32%)
  • limb injuries (44%)
  • mixed wounds (85%)
  • bleeding
  • eye injuries
  • allergic reactions
  • burns
  • radiation and chemical damage

As we can see from the statistics, wounds and bleeding are the most likely reasons for providing first aid. Consequently, funds allocated for emergency assistance activities must be within easy reach, literally “at hand.” That is, a military first aid kit should consist of at least two sets:

Both sets must be visually identified as first aid kits and have a corresponding appearance, marked with a red cross.

The first set of a military first aid kit is minimal and should always be “at hand”

Compound:

  1. IPP – individual dressing package
  2. Sterile bandage 7×14 - 2 pcs.
  3. Esmarch tourniquet or similar – 2 pcs.
  4. Syringe tube with analgesic. Nalbuphine or Butarfonol.
  5. Hemostatic agent Quiklot and Celox.; cheaper: Hemostop powder and collagen hemostatic sponges.

Second set of army military first aid kit - basic

Designed to provide further medical care. Partially duplicates the composition of the first set. Compound:


All of the above information is for advisory purposes only. When completing an individual army first aid kit, many factors are taken into account: the likelihood of exposure to toxic substances, climatic conditions, the level of medical training of military personnel, etc. It should also be understood that many of the products on the list are not registered in one country or another, and, accordingly, require replacement with products similar in purpose.

An individual (personal) first aid kit for a serviceman was created to help himself and his comrades in military operations. Every soldier should have it in order to save life in an emergency. Military personnel of all special units are required to undergo sanitary training in order to know how to use medications and provide assistance in different conditions. Without basic medical knowledge, a first aid kit will not be of any use; on the contrary, it can cause harm to the victim.

Various bleeding and wounds are the most likely reasons for providing first aid. The means for this must be readily available. Any first aid kit looks like a small plastic case with a list of medications attached inside. All medications are in the form of colored pencil cases or syringe tubes.

Types of individual first aid kits

The medications contained in an individual first aid kit are intended to provide first aid to patients. They can provide pain relief for burns and wounds, and provide prevention of infection of the wound surface. There are also means for disinfecting water, washing eyes, for headaches, and for stopping bleeding of all localizations. Various troops have the following types of first aid kits:

  • AD - airborne. It is equipped with personnel of air and naval landing forces. Weighs 400 g and is in a protective case;
  • AVI - individual diving. Special purpose combat swimmers are equipped with it;
  • AA - emergency, equipped with flight personnel.

First aid kit AI-3

This type of first aid kit was developed at the Institute of Military Field and Extreme Medicine. It meets all first aid requirements.

The main indications for the use of AI-3 are injuries of varying severity, shock, concussion, radiation injury, and chemical poisoning.

It contains:

  1. Promedol is a narcotic analgesic that can be used for any injuries and fractures. It is administered intramuscularly. It comes in two syringe tubes.
  2. Dressing package. It consists of a movable (or fixed) cotton-gauze pad that can be applied to the wound surface, and a bandage for fixation.
  3. Hemostatic rubberized or knitted tourniquet. Used to instantly stop venous and arterial bleeding of the upper and lower extremities. The tourniquet should not be used for more than 2 hours.
  4. Antidote for chemical damage - Athens.
  5. Radioprotective agent (for radiation exposure) – cystamine.
  6. Antibiotic – Doxycycline, used according to the scheme to prevent infectious contamination of wounds and burns.
  7. Antibacterial agent – ​​Sulfadimethoxine.
  8. Anti-nausea and vomiting drug – Etaperazine. It is used in cases of uncontrollable vomiting (head injury, concussion, shock).
  9. A means for disinfecting water from unknown sources.

All ampoules and syringe tubes are in a special ampoule, which protects them from mechanical damage. You can use the following tools yourself:

  • antidote – when the first signs of chemical poisoning appear;
  • antiemetic - during nausea with concussion;
  • analgesic – burns, injuries with severe pain.

The commander may issue an order for all personnel to take radioprotective, antibacterial or antiemetic agents (if there is a threat of radiological contamination).

First aid kit AI-4

This type of first aid kit is newer and more improved than previous models. It has an expanded composition that is safe for humans. Can be used by such structures as: internal troops, formations for civil defense affairs, emergency situations, liquidation of military operations. Used in wartime, during man-made disasters. The first aid kit looks like a small plastic box, bright orange. Composition of AI-4:

  1. Narcotic analgesic – Ketorolac. Tablets are used for severe pain (wounds, burns, injuries).
  2. Remedy for carbon monoxide poisoning and toxic substances – Acizol.
  3. For chemical poisoning FOV – Pelixim-AL.
  4. Drug B-190 – for protection against radioactive exposure.
  5. Potassium iodide, for the prevention of radioactive exposure.
  6. Antibacterial agent No. 1 – Doxycycline, used to prevent infection of wounds and burns.
  7. Antibacterial agent No. 2 – Ciprofloxacin, used to prevent intestinal infections and inflammation of soft tissues.
  8. A dressing package consisting of a cotton-gauze pad and a bandage.
  9. Antioxidant – Taren, a reserve antidote for FOS poisoning.
  10. Antiemetic – Etaperazine.

All pencil cases, syringes, ampoules have different colors of packaging or caps. The first aid kit is sufficient to provide assistance to one adult. For a child under 8 years of age, all tablets are divided into 4 parts, and for children under 12 years of age into 2 parts. The shelf life of AI-4 is 3 years.

Is it possible to assemble a first aid kit yourself?

You can purchase a first aid kit or assemble it yourself. When purchasing, pay attention to the expiration date of all medications included in its composition and the contents. Sometimes in the field, additional means are needed to provide assistance. It’s not difficult to assemble an individual first aid kit for a serviceman yourself, and simple tips will help you:

  • An individual first aid kit should consist of 2 sets: minimal and extended. Please note that they should stand out visually due to the bright red cross;
  • pay attention to the case, it should be strong and have sections for ampoules;
  • All medications must be in waterproof and unbreakable containers. The tablets must be removed from the primary (cardboard) packaging, the blisters must be cut to the maximum. Ampoules can be wrapped with tape for safety;
  • read the instructions for the medications. Make a quick reference guide and put it in your first aid kit.

The set of the first (minimum first aid kit) is as follows: a dressing bag, a sterile wide bandage, a rubber tourniquet, an analgesic in the form of a syringe tube (Nalbufin, Ketanov), a hemostatic sponge. This kit should always be at hand.

In the extended kit it is necessary to add iodine, alcohol, elastic bandage, Chlorhexidine (external antiseptic), adhesive plaster on a roll, radioprotector (Potassium iodide in tablet form), broad-spectrum antibiotic (Amoxicillin, Azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin), antiemetic (Osetron, Cerucal), antispasmodic in ampoules (No-shpa), atropine in ampoules, syringes.

There are many factors influencing the composition of an individual first aid kit: the degree and type of threat, the level of training of the owner, the level of standard equipment and the possibility of acquiring non-standard equipment, and the available space for it, in the end. In general, this is a question that can be discussed constantly.
It so happened that I had the need to put together a small, easy-to-use first aid kit from “improvised means” - from what was in stock and what was easiest to get. It can best be described in three words: simple, cheap, compact. I want to talk about her.


A first aid kit is a complex of supplies and a pouch. Each of the components is important, each has certain requirements, but I will start with the determining one, with what it is planned to provide medical care.

Dressings:
1. TMS Control Wrap 4” – Elastic bandage. Much denser than gauze, allows for tighter bandaging. Much more effective than its predecessor. Price: 315 rub.
2. TMS OLAES Modular Bandage 4” – IPP based on an elastic bandage. American derivative of the Israeli pioneer from the company First Care. It has some differences, but, by and large, they are cosmetic, with the exception of the absence of a plastic buckle to reverse the direction of bandaging. The main thing I didn’t like was the bulky vacuum packaging; the Israelis pack much more compactly. Price: 540 rub.

Hemostatic agents:
3. Collagen hemostatic sponge 90x90mm – Used in conjunction with dressings when there is severe bleeding. It is unlikely to cope with arterial, but with venous or severe damage to soft tissues it can be useful. It takes up little space and weighs almost nothing. Cheap, readily available hemostatic agent. Price: 160 rub.
4. Hemostop 50g - Domestic hemostatic of the first, if I'm not mistaken, generation. A solution for those who did not have enough money for Celox. It has generation-appropriate side effects: it is poorly excreted from the body, it heats up during operation, which can lead to thermal burns. This is better than nothing, especially with complex, severe wounds. Slightly widespread. Price: 600 rub.

Mechanical means of stopping bleeding:
5. C-A-T – Modern tourniquet. Can be replaced with SOFTT-W - depending on what you can get. Price: 800rub

Additional tools:
6. Adhesive plaster on a woven basis in a roll of 3x500cm - As multifunctional as adhesive tape and electrical tape, but sticks better than them, especially to wet surfaces. For compactness, cut out the sleeve and crumple it. It is used for bringing together the edges of wounds, for fixing bandages, for sealing penetrating wounds of the chest and for assembling valves for them from scrap materials. It has a modern analogue on a non-woven basis, which is less damaging to the skin, but it is more expensive and less common. Price: 59 rub.
7. Nitrile gloves 1 pair – Necessary for secondary examination and more delicate work with wounds. Pharmacies usually sell them in large packages of 50-100 pairs, so I bought a pack of 10 pairs at a hardware store - no difference. The main thing is to take a larger size so that you can wear them directly over tactical gloves. Price: 10r

Auxiliary means:
8. HIS 15 cm white - Because it is dark outside. For those times when you don’t have to think about blackout. Price: 55r
9. Indelible black marker – Necessary for marking the time of application of the tourniquet and information about the administered drugs. No less important than this very tourniquet. It's better to buy a branded one and know that it won't dry out in a couple of weeks. Price: 25 rub.

Total: 2564 rub.– This is probably the most budget-friendly layout possible, without significant loss of content functionality.

Those interested in such topics will probably have questions, some of which I want to cover:
Firstly, there is the question of the price of medicines. As I immediately wrote, I purchased some elements of this kit about a year ago, when the price for them was not so high, so the indicated prices differ from the current ones.
Secondly, the issue of configuration. Someone will consider this set to be meager or antediluvian, saying “this and that could have been added.” The key point in assembling this first aid kit was to use the simplest and most accessible, both in terms of price and in terms of the prevalence of medications, as well as the easiest to use even by a person with low qualifications. That is why it does not contain a decompression needle, a nasal tube, or a special plaster for chest wounds.
Thirdly, about the lack of scissors and a flashlight. It was important to me that the first aid kit be compact, so I abandoned the elements that duplicate each other - I always have a knife and a flashlight with me, regardless of the presence or absence of a first aid kit. In this case, CIS plays the role of an additional agent.

As the degree of threat increases, the first aid kit is supplemented with the required number of tourniquets and PPIs, which are placed in the pockets of the uniform.

We've sorted out the contents. Now about the “packaging”.
It took me a long time to find a suitable pouch. The ones available were either too big, or stupid, or very expensive, or several options at once. Quite by accident, I came across the Condor Rip-Away EMT Lite in Tan color - then I realized that this was what I was looking for.

This is a small tear-off medical pouch of a familiar design. It consists of a bag and a platform connected by a textile fastener, doubled with a 25mm sling with fastex. The bag has a small patch panel and a number of straps for securing the contents to the outside, be it a tourniquet, HIS or scissors. The quality of Condor's materials and fittings is average; the main thing you need to pay attention to when purchasing is the quality of tailoring - there are defects - and the design - there are obvious flaws. In this case, as you can see in the photo from the back, the side PALS cells are not sewn at the same level, and their number is not enough - a third one is required to conveniently attach an adapter or a pouch for a harness.

Things didn't go smoothly with the platform either. The mounting kit included two 6" clips, which were obviously too big, so I replaced them with 5" ones from another pouch from the same company. In this version, the panel fits perfectly on 3 PALS slings. I can’t help but notice that the textile clasp is of good quality and the bag sits quite firmly on the platform.

The internal organization is standard for this type of pouch. An elastic band in the shape of a figure eight is sewn onto the outer flap, which allows you to place contents in or under it. On the inner flap there is a pocket with an elastic neck, on top of it there is also a figure eight made of elastic tape, and in the corners there are four paracord loops - to one of them I tied a piece of black elastic cord with a loop. On the side surfaces there is one gasket made of elastic tape. Minimalistic but functional.

Medical supplies in the pouch.
The pocket contains a package with a hemostatic sponge. On top of it, under the elastic band - Hemostop. All contents are fixed in their place and removing any element does not entail the accidental loss of another. The tools are divided into categories, which is very useful in many cases. Ease of access suits me.

An example of the location of a pouch on a chest vest.
The rule of access with both hands is observed, both to the bag itself to remove it from the platform, and simply to the contents without tearing it off.

In order to somehow summarize all of the above, I will repeat that the composition of an individual first aid kit depends on a large number of factors, both objective and subjective, so you should not jump off the handle and immediately claim that this composition is “fundamentally incorrect and outdated.” Remember that the lion's share of service people still trust their lives to a cotton-gauze PPI with, at best, an unexpired expiration date and an Esmarch rubber tourniquet, and not at all through their own fault, but that's a completely different story.
Thanks for reading, I hope you found it helpful.

P.S. It's funny that when assembling this set I almost repeated the complete set

Recently I came across an AI-2 first aid kit. They were used by our soldiers to provide emergency medical care on the battlefield. How nice it is to see not a pack of bandages, but real means of assistance. But almost no one knows what exactly is there. So I decided to bring to light the inscriptions on the containers that are located there. First aid kits of this type were developed not only for the military, but also for civilians. AI-2 for the civilian population differ only in that they did not contain narcotic drugs: Promedol and Athens.

  • Analgesic: Promedol (narcotic opioid analgesic) one syringe tube,
  • Remedy for FOV poisoning: Athens one syringe tube,
  • Antibacterial agent No. 2: Sulfadimethoxine 0.2 g. 15 tablets in one pencil case,
  • Radioprotective agent No. 1: Cystamine 0.2 g. 6 tablets in two pencil cases,
  • Antibacterial agent No. 1: chlortetracycline 0.006 g in two pencil cases,
  • Radioprotective agent No. 2: potassium iodide 0.25 g. 10 tablets in one pencil case,
  • Antiemetic: Etaperazine 0.006 g. 5 tablets in one pencil case.

Promedol (a morphine derivative) is used there as an analgesic and anti-shock agent. This is a very powerful drug with narcotic properties. Naturally, it was not used to treat abdominal pain, but to relieve pain when a limb was torn off or to relieve pain shock in a dying soldier. In such emergency cases, there could be no talk of any drug addiction. But in any case, it was issued with a special permit.

There was no remedy for FOV poisoning in this first aid kit, and it is not clear what kind of medication was used there. Most often there lies Athens, which is packaged in a syringe tube. The drug is very strong and is used with extreme caution due to the fact that Athens causes hallucinations and memory loss during action; a person may not be aware of his actions, which can lead to unpredictable consequences. Serves to prolong a person’s life so that he has time to take Isonitrozine. It was also issued by special order.

The radioprotective agent Cystamine is used to prevent the harmful effects of radiation, including to prevent complications during radiotherapy. Prescribed one hour before irradiation, the effect lasts about five hours. The daily dose is 200-800 mg, depending on the intensity and duration of the intended exposure. It will not save you from a nuclear bomb explosion or intense radiation, but when visiting an area with a low background radiation, it will help you get rid of the onset of radiation sickness.

There is also radioprotective agent No. 2: potassium iodide. In fact, it is recommended to be used by all residents of Russia. And in regions like the Krasnoyarsk Territory, it should generally be issued at work and in kindergartens. Action: preventing the thyroid gland from absorbing radioactive iodine and protecting against radiation.

Etaperazine is a phenothiazine neuroleptic, structurally similar to meterazine. In terms of the severity of the antipsychotic effect, it is superior to aminazine, approaching triftazine in this regard. Has a powerful antiemetic effect.

These are the toys that sometimes fall into paws. By the way, for those who like to search for drugs in such first-aid kits, I can say one thing: it is impossible to find first-aid kits containing morphine. They are only in first aid kits that are issued in wartime, or to employees in enterprises with a high degree of danger. To equip first aid kits with class A drugs in peacetime, you must obtain a permit for the storage of narcotic substances.