Otitis

How does Ketotifen affect the heart? An effective remedy for complex therapy of allergic bronchial asthma Ketotifen: instructions for use, price, reviews, drug analogues

This is a preventive, non-bronchodilator anti-asthmatic drug with pronounced anti-anaphylactic properties and a specific antihistamine effect. The manufacturer is aware of 21 cases of overdose; all victims recovered.

A) Structure and classification. Ketotifen is a benzocycloheptathiophene compound with a molecular weight of 425.5.

b) Application. Ketotifen is an oral prophylactic drug for the treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic disorders.

V) Dosage forms. Ketotifen is available in the form of capsules and tablets (Zaditen) containing 1.38 mg of ketotifen hydrogen fumarate, which is equivalent to 1 mg of the active substance.

G) Source. Ketotifen is a synthetic substance.

d) Therapeutic dose. Adult patients with bronchial asthma and allergic reactions are prescribed 1 mg of ketotifen orally 2 times a day with meals. There are also extended-release tablets of 2 mg - specifically for use once a day.
However, the dose can be slowly increased to a maximum of 2 mg 2 times a day. Children aged 6 months to 3 years are prescribed 0.5 mg (half a tablet or 2.5 ml of syrup) 2 times a day. Children over 3 years of age take the adult dose.

e) Toxic dose. Oral administration of ketotifen 20 mg did not result in serious symptoms, according to the manufacturer. All overdose patients, including adults who took up to 120 mg of the drug, fully recovered.

and) Lethal dose. The lethal dose has not been established.

h) Toxicokinetics of ketotifen:

- Suction. Ketotifen is well absorbed when taken orally. Peak plasma concentrations are achieved 2-4 hours after taking standard doses. The bioavailability of the drug is 50% (first pass effect).
After repeated doses of 1 mg 2 times a day, maximum plasma concentrations of 1.92 mcg/ml in adults and 3.25 mcg/ml in children were observed. 75% of ketotifen binds to proteins.

- Distribution. The volume of distribution is high - 56 l/kg.

- Removal. Ketotifen is extensively metabolized to the inactive ketotifen-N-glucuronide and the active norketotifen. Only 1% of the dose is excreted unchanged in the urine.
Clearance is biphasic, with a half-life of 3 hours and an elimination half-life of 22 hours.

And) Drug interactions with ketotifen. The sedative effect of ketotifen may be potentiated by other central nervous system depressants, including alcohol, hypnotics and antihistamines.
With simultaneous oral administration of antidiabetic agents, a reversible drop in platelet count was observed.

To) Pregnancy and lactation. No controlled studies have been conducted in pregnant or lactating women.

k) Mechanism of action. Ketotifen is a non-bronchodilator mast cell stabilizer with many of the features of an antihistamine.
In action it resembles disodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium).

m) Clinical picture of ketotifen:

- Overdose. Oral overdose leads to drowsiness, clouding of consciousness, cyanosis, tachycardia, increased excitability and epileptic seizures.

- Regular use. The most common negative effects include sedation, dizziness, dry mouth, nausea and headache.
Symptoms of overdose in children and adults are approximately the same.

n) Laboratory data of ketotifen poisoning:

- Analytical methods. Ketotifen is quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; The detection limit of this method is 50 ng/L.

- Blood levels. The therapeutic plasma concentration of ketotifen ranges from 1-4 mcg/ml. 20 hours after oral administration of 120 mg, the plasma level of ketotifen itself was 122 mcg/ml; 2 hours after taking 40 mg - 5 mcg/ml; 3 hours after taking 50 mg - 54 mcg/ml. Patients experienced headache, drowsiness, bradycardia, confusion, and loss of consciousness.

- Cleansing the digestive tract. Gastric lavage is recommended within 2-4 hours after oral administration. Activated carbon can be administered later, since the metabolism of ketotifen is mainly hepatic and biphasic (alpha half-life is 4 hours; beta half-life is 21 hours).

- Increased elimination. Hemodialysis and hemoperfusion are unlikely to be effective because the volume of distribution of the substance is very large.

- Antidotes. No antidotes are known.

- Maintenance therapy. Central nervous system depression is treated symptomatically; Epileptic seizures can be treated with diazepam. Hypotension, if indicated, is eliminated with supportive measures, such as infusion therapy. The role of vasoconstrictors (dopamine, phenylephrine, norepinephrine) has not been studied. Grant et al. claim that adrenaline is contraindicated. Monitor patients with overdose for at least 6-8 hours.

Each tablet contains: active substance - ketotifen (in the form of ketotifen fumarate) - 1 mg; excipients - microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, colloidal anhydrous silicon dioxide, lactose monohydrate.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antihistamines for systemic use. ATS code: R06AX17.

Pharmacological action

Pharmacological action - membrane stabilizing, antiallergic, antihistamine, antiasthmatic. Prevents the development of bronchospasm (does not have a bronchodilator effect). Has a depressant effect on the central nervous system.

Indications for use

Prevention and treatment of multisystem allergic diseases:

Chronic idiopathic urticaria (eg, cold urticaria); allergic rhinitis with or without concomitant bronchial asthma; allergic conjunctivitis; atopic dermatitis.

The use of Ketotifen does not replace treatment with corticosteroids (inhaled or systemic) if corticosteroids are indicated for the treatment of bronchial asthma.

Directions for use and doses

The drug is taken orally with meals.

For adults Prescribe 1 mg (1 tablet) twice a day (morning and evening).

In patients prone to sedation, a slow dose increase is recommended during the first week. It is recommended to start taking 1 tablet once a day in the evening and increase the dose over 5 days to the full daily dose. If necessary, the daily dose can be increased to 4 mg (4 tablets) and divided into two doses. When using higher doses, a faster onset of effect can be expected.

Children over 3 years of age Prescribe 1 mg (1 tablet) twice a day (morning and evening). Given that pharmacokinetic studies have shown a high rate of metabolism of ketotifen, in children it may be necessary to prescribe higher doses of the drug per kilogram of body weight to achieve optimal effect. However, the tolerability of such doses remains good.

Simultaneous usebronchodilators. When taking ketotifen, the frequency of taking bronchodilators may be reduced.

Use in the elderly. When prescribing ketotifen to elderly people, no dose adjustment is required.

Duration of therapy

It takes several weeks to achieve the full therapeutic effect of ketotifen. If the patient does not have a reaction to taking ketotifen within several weeks, its further use should continue for at least 2-3 months to achieve a lasting effect. Ketotifen should be discontinued gradually over 2-4 weeks, which may result in an exacerbation of the symptoms of an allergic disease.

If a pill is missed, it should be taken as early as possible, and the next one should be taken at the appointed time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose.

Side effect

The frequency of side effects is given in the following gradation: very often (≥ 1/10); often (≥ 1/100,

From the central nervous system: infrequently - dizziness, slow reaction speed (disappear after a few days of therapy), sedation, feeling of fatigue; rarely - anxiety, sleep disturbances, nervousness (especially in children); unknown - convulsions, drowsiness, headache.

From the immune system: very rarely - erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, severe skin reactions.

From the skin: unknown - rash, urticaria.

From the hematopoietic system: very rarely - thrombocytopenia.

From the digestive system: infrequently - increased appetite, dryness of the oral mucosa; rarely - dyspeptic symptoms; unknown - nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea.

From the liver: very rarely - hepatitis, increased levels of liver enzymes.

From the side of metabolism: rarely - weight gain.

From the outsideurinarysystems: infrequently - dysuria, cystitis.

If the above adverse reactions or adverse reactions not listed in this instruction occur, you should consult a doctor.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to any of the components of the drug, pregnancy, lactation (if it is necessary to use the drug, breastfeeding should be stopped), children under 3 years of age, epilepsy and a history of seizures.

With caution: liver failure.

Overdose

Symptoms: drowsiness, nystagmus, confusion, disorientation, brady- or tachycardia, decreased blood pressure, shortness of breath, cyanosis, convulsions, increased excitability (especially in children), coma may develop.

Treatment: induction of vomiting, gastric lavage (if a little time has passed since the moment of administration), administration of activated charcoal, saline laxatives; symptomatic treatment, with the development of convulsive syndrome - short-acting barbiturates and benzodiazepines. Dialysis is ineffective.

Precautions

Abrupt cancellation of previous treatment with beta-adrenergic stimulants, glucocorticosteroids, adrenocorticotropic hormone preparations in patients with bronchial asthma and bronchospastic syndrome after joining ketotifen therapy is undesirable; cancellation is carried out for at least 2 weeks, gradually reducing the dose.

Treatment is stopped gradually, over 2-4 weeks (relapse of asthmatic symptoms is possible).

For persons sensitive to sedative effects, the drug is prescribed in small doses in the first 2 weeks.

Not intended to relieve an attack of bronchial asthma.

In patients concomitantly receiving oral hypoglycemic drugs, the platelet count in the peripheral blood should be monitored.

During treatment with ketotifen, seizures are extremely rare. Because ketotifen may lower the seizure threshold, it is contraindicated in patients with epilepsy (see section "Contraindications").

In patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria, there have been no studies of the effectiveness and long-term (over 4 weeks) use of ketotifen.

In case of intercurrent infections, therapy with ketotifen should be supplemented with antibacterial treatment.

Ketotifen tablets contain lactose. Patients with rare hereditary galactose intolerance, severe lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take ketotifen.

Use during bpregnancy and lactation

Although there is no evidence of a teratogenic effect, taking ketotifen during pregnancy is not recommended. Ketotifen is excreted in breast milk, so mothers receiving ketotifen should not breastfeed their infants.

An antiallergic drug that differs in its mechanism of action from most analogues. The therapeutic effect does not appear immediately, but only after 1-2 weeks of treatment. Prescribed as a course, suitable for long-term use. Helps prevent the development of allergies, such as seasonal hay fever or exacerbation of bronchial asthma. Can be used in children from 3 years of age.

Dosage form

Ketotifen is a drug belonging to the group of antihistamines that can relieve the symptoms of an allergic reaction not only in atopic bronchial asthma, but also in other chronic pathologies caused by a malfunction of the immune system, leading to the occurrence of allergic reactions. Ketotifen is available in several dosage forms:

pills;
syrup;
eye drops.

The main form of release of the drug is tablets weighing 1 mg, in blisters of 10 pieces, the blisters are packaged in cardboard boxes, each of which can contain from 1 to 5 packages, with instructions for use attached. Tablets are flat-cylindrical in shape, with a slight or no odor, with a chamfer and a line dividing the middle, the syrup is usually in a dark glass bottle, complete with instructions and a measuring cup, packed in a cardboard box. The standard capacity of a bottle of syrup is 50 and 100 mg. The main medicinal substance with an active biological effect is ketotifen fumarate in 5 mg of syrup contains 1 mg, in one tablet - 1 mg. Prescription Latin name Ketotifen.

Eye drops are used only for ophthalmological manifestations of allergic pathology, are available in dark glass or plastic bottles, designed for a prolonged course of use, and packaged in cardboard boxes with instructions attached.

Description and composition

The use of the dosage form is dictated by the patient’s age and the location of the manifestation of the allergic reaction; it is prescribed only after a diagnosis has been made and consultation with an allergist, who decides the feasibility and dosage of using a particular dosage form. Tablets are prescribed to adults for diseases of allergic etiology, drops are prescribed only when allergic symptoms appear on the ocular conjunctiva, syrup is a specialized form for children.

Depending on the dosage form, the active substance is contained in different dosages per 1 mg of the drug; the tablet form contains a cellulose base. In addition to the main active ingredient, the drug contains excipients that facilitate the use or rapid absorption of the drug:

potato starch;
milk sugar;
magnesium stearate;
calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate.
distilled water (syrup and drops);
natural flavoring (in syrup).

The composition and concentration of the active substance varies depending on the dosage form and the manufacturer of the drug. Analogs, under a different commercial name, are available in the same concentration, but the excipients may vary slightly.

Pharmacological group

The absorption of the drug is about 90%, bioavailability is approximately 50%, binding to blood plasma proteins is approximately 75%. The maximum therapeutic effect of the tablet form occurs after 2-3 hours, the syrup acts somewhat faster. It is released in 2 stages, after 3-4 hours and after 21 hours.

Belongs to the group of antihistamines that block H1 histamine receptors and inhibit the release of histamine with inhibition of the PDE enzyme. Attacks of bronchial asthma are not stopped when using Ketotifen as a single drug, but in a complex effect it can reduce the intensity and duration of the attack and prevent its occurrence. It is active in reducing the degree of allergic reactions by inhibiting the release of mediators from mast cells and increasing the level of cAMP. At the same time, the effects of platelet-activating factor are suppressed.

Indications for use

Positive effects are observed in many types of allergic reactions, therefore Ketotifen is actively involved in medical practice and is used for:

It can also be used for other chronic diseases of an allergic nature as a drug as part of complex drug therapy.

for adults

For adults, it is used as prescribed by a doctor, with a dosage determined depending on the nature of the lesion, the condition of the patient’s body and concomitant medications. Drops are prescribed for allergies, which does not exclude their use for the treatment of conjunctival lesions accompanying other diseases.

for children

For children, syrup is used, which is dosed after medical prescription, depending on the age and condition of the body, and drops for. From 6 years of age, it is possible to prescribe a tablet drug.

For pregnant and nursing mothers, Ketotifen is on the list of contraindications, but can only be used in the 2nd and 3rd trimester if the potential benefit is higher than the hypothetically possible harmful effects.

Contraindications

Contraindications for use are due to a large number of side effects, therefore it is categorically not recommended for children under 3 years of age, women during pregnancy and lactation, and people with individual intolerance to certain components of the medicinal substance.

Relative contraindications are liver failure and diseases of the central nervous system, epilepsy.

Applications and dosages

Depending on the form of the drug and the nature of the disease, Ketotifen can be prescribed according to an individual regimen. The tablets are taken orally, morning and evening with meals.

for adults

The daily dose for adults is 2 mg, but, if necessary, increases to 2 mg 2 times a day. An adult can also take syrup, at the rate of 5 mg of syrup - 1 mg of active substance. The order of administration is during meals in the morning and evening. Drops are prescribed for symptomatic or complex treatment.

for children

For children, syrup or tablets are prescribed for allergic reactions or chronic allergic diseases. Starting from 3 years of age - 2 mg in the morning and evening with meals (1 tablet or 5 mg of syrup), up to 3 years of age, syrup can be given at 0.5 mg twice a day. The success of the drug depends on compliance with the prescribed dosage and regimen recommended by the doctor.

for pregnant women and during lactation

The use of Ketotifen during pregnancy and lactation is contraindicated and can only be recommended if the expected benefit to the mother's health exceeds the harm caused to the child's body.

Side effects

Side effects can be in the gastrointestinal tract and manifest as digestive and bowel disorders, which spontaneously resolve with treatment. Dry mouth, drowsiness and dizziness occur at the initial stage of taking the medicine. The central nervous system may react with increased excitability and irritability, hypersensitivity, and in childhood - seizures (rarely). Cases of jaundice, hepatitis, etc. have been reported.

Interaction with other drugs

Ketotifen enhances the effect of sedatives, antihistamines, and hypnotics. When taken simultaneously, alcohol accelerates the onset of intoxication and increases its severity. Taking the drug simultaneously with glycemic drugs prescribed orally may lead to the development of thrombocytopenia.

Special instructions

The medication is stopped gradually, over 2-4 weeks, to avoid a recurrence of existing symptoms. The therapeutic effect does not occur immediately, but after 4-6 weeks from the start of administration. The tablets do not stop attacks of bronchial asthma, and while taking them it is recommended to refrain from driving or work that requires increased concentration and attention.

Overdose

An overdose leads to drowsiness, convulsions, nausea and low blood pressure, dark urine and gastrointestinal disorders. Symptomatic treatment and gastric lavage are recommended. Self-relief from an overdose is not recommended.

Storage conditions

The shelf life of the medicine is 3 years; after the expiration date, you should not take the medicine. Store in a dark place in a cardboard box, out of reach of children and direct sunlight at room temperature.

Analogs

Instead of Ketotifen, the following medications can be prescribed:

Zaditen is an original medicine that contains ketotifen as an active ingredient. The medicine is available in the form of eye drops, tablets and syrup. Zaditen is more expensive than Ketotifen, but when purchasing it you can be confident in the effectiveness of the drug, since it has proven it in clinical trials. Syrup is allowed for children from 6 months, drops and tablets from 3 years.

Drug price

The cost of Ketotifen averages 62 rubles. Prices range from 37 to 110 rubles.

Ketotifen is classified as a drug aimed at combating allergies. The scope of its indications includes asthma, bronchitis, hay fever and a number of other diseases caused by an incorrect reaction of the human body to a particular irritant. Like most drugs in this area, the medication has a number of serious limitations in use. Thus, pregnant women and people planning to travel while driving a car are prohibited from drinking it. Ketotifen and alcohol together are also prohibited.

Why is combining Ketotifen with alcohol dangerous?

Ethyl alcohol, which is part of all alcoholic beverages, is considered one of the most dangerous toxins. Having the ability to linger in the body for several hours, it has a negative effect on metabolic and digestive processes in the gastrointestinal tract. The effect of ethyl is felt especially acutely by the liver and kidneys, which take care of its elimination. And since the body requires more effort to eliminate the resulting violations, all this greatly affects the immune system.

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If alcohol and Ketotifen are in the blood at the same time, the effect of both substances is enhanced. Consequently, the load on all internal organs sharply increases. The result is the appearance of signs of overdose or worsening side effects.

During the treatment of allergies with Ketotifen, drinking alcohol is prohibited, regardless of the quantity and strength of the drink. Persons who have been diagnosed with alcohol dependence that cannot be self-controlled are not prescribed Ketotifen at all. In this situation, they try to prescribe an alternative treatment that will cause less harm to health in the event of a breakdown.

When can you drink: before or after Ketotifen

Considering that studies have shown the lack of compatibility of Ketotifen with alcohol, the question arises about the advisability of taking alcohol immediately before or after treatment. Since it is impossible for both substances to be present in the body at the same time, the timing is set based on the time of complete elimination of the drug or ethyl from the body.

To determine the body’s return to a sober state, you should use the table below.

Period of complete elimination of alcohol from the human body (in hours, minutes)

Human weight	60 kg	70 kg	80 kg	90 kg	100 kg
Volume 100 g Volume 300 g Volume 500 g
Champagne11% Volume 100 g Volume 300 g Volume 500 g
Wine 18% Volume 100 g Volume 300 g Volume 500 g
Vodka 40% Volume 100 g Volume 300 g Volume 500 g
Cognac 42% Volume 100 g Volume 300 g Volume 500 g

The removal time of ethyl alcohol is calculated based on:

amount drunk;
strength of the drink;
gender;
person's weight.

It is noted that 100 mg of beer will leave the body much faster than a similar amount of cognac or other strong drink. In women, the process of eliminating toxins occurs more slowly than in men. And a person weighing 100 kg needs to drink more to achieve one degree of intoxication than a person with a lower weight.

It is worth remembering that the calculations obtained cannot give a 100% correct result. Therefore, it is worthwhile to independently increase the time interval between the last drinking and the start of treatment with Ketotifen.

At the end of the course, it is worth understanding the time it takes for the medication to be removed from the body. According to the instructions, this process takes place in several stages. The half-life of the active substance ends 5-6 hours after the last dose. It may take up to 21 hours for the medication to be completely eliminated. After this period, drinking alcohol will be relatively safe. But to be completely sure of this, it would not be superfluous to slightly increase this period.

Consequences of combination

If you are tempted to drink a little alcohol during treatment with Ketotifen, knowing the consequences will help you avoid the wrong step. Among the negative reactions of the body are:

vomiting;
increases in blood pressure;
feeling of dry mouth;
attacks of pain in the abdominal area;
hyperthermia.

If the combination of Ketotifen with alcohol leads to the appearance of symptoms of an overdose, then severe headaches, drowsiness, problems with psychomotor reactions, and a severe drop in blood pressure may occur. Along the way, signs of overexcitation of the nervous system and convulsions may appear. In severe cases, the person may fall into a coma. There are also known cases of death.

If these signs are observed, it is worth providing assistance to the victim as soon as possible. Qualified medical care is required here. You can only perform gastric lavage on your own and drink the required amount of activated carbon.

Let's summarize. Ketotifen is a potent drug that can quickly and effectively relieve symptoms of an allergic reaction. Its additional functions include relieving severe asthmatic attacks, as well as reducing their number and severity in the future.

Like other drugs of this type, Ketotifen has a number of contraindications. Thus, the instructions ambiguously stipulate a ban on drinking alcohol in any quantity. Following this rule protects a person from a number of serious consequences, including experiencing negative side effects or signs of overdose, including coma.

Therefore, Ketotifen is not prescribed to persons who are unable to control themselves when drinking alcohol.

For the remaining categories for which such treatment is indicated, the doctor gives detailed instructions regarding when to drink alcohol. They take into account the timing of the elimination of ethyl alcohol and the active substance Ketotifen. And the more time passes after finishing the course of taking the medication before the first glass of alcohol, the safer it is for the physical and emotional state of a person.

The antihistamine drug Ketotifen is an effective remedy for the complex therapy of atopic bronchial asthma. The medicine alleviates the condition of patients with other types of chronic diseases of an allergic nature.

Therapy using Ketotifen tablets, syrup and eye drops will be successful if several conditions are met. It is important to learn the nuances of using the drug, read the instructions, and consult an allergist.

Composition and release form

An effective medicine contains the active substance - ketotifen fumarate. The drug complements the action of the latest generation of antiallergic drugs, and in combination exhibits a noticeable antihistamine effect.

To eliminate signs of allergies and prevent attacks in patients with bronchial asthma, the manufacturer offers several types of the drug:

pills. The content of ketotifen in each unit of the drug is 1 mg;
eye drops. The concentration of ketotifen fumarate is 0.25 mg in each milliliter of medicinal solution;
antiallergic syrup Ketotifen. There is 1 mg of active ingredient per 5 ml of the drug.

Action

An effective antiallergic medicine belongs to the group of non-bronchodilating anti-asthmatic drugs. The peculiarity of the manifestation of the therapeutic effect is as part of a complex treatment. The use of Ketotifen as the main drug does not stop asthmatic attacks.

How the active ingredient works:

inhibits the release of histamine and inflammatory mediators;
blocks H1-histamine receptors;
suppresses the effects of a special platelet-activating factor;
when combined with other antihistamines, the duration is reduced, the strength of allergic attacks is reduced, and the frequency of acute reactions is reduced;
Some patients note that after therapy with Ketotifen, severe manifestations of bronchial asthma ceased to bother them.

Note! The antiallergic drug is not suitable for quickly relieving signs of dangerous allergic reactions: anaphylaxis, generalized urticaria. The positive effect is noticeable after 3-4 weeks, in some cases, later from the start of complex treatment. The optimal course duration is two to three months. To eliminate acute signs of allergies, fast-acting 1st generation drugs are needed.

Ketotifen: indications for use

The main purpose of the drug is to use it as an auxiliary drug for long-term therapy of bronchial asthma (atopic variety). A positive effect was noted in the treatment of allergic types.

Contraindications

Patients should know: Uncontrolled use of the drug to relieve attacks of bronchial asthma or manifestations of other diseases that develop against the background of increased sensitivity of the body is prohibited. The drug based on ketotifen fumarate acts quite “mildly”, but has limitations for use.

The antiallergic drug is not suitable for patients in the following cases:

hypersensitivity to the active substance has been detected or negative reactions to auxiliary ingredients occur;
pregnancy, especially the first trimester;
lactation period.

Instructions for use and dosage

pills. Take morning and evening, necessarily, during meals with a small amount of water. If drowsiness develops, take ½ tablet for the first week. Upon reaching the age of five, it is allowed to take a Ketotifen tablet twice a day;
syrup. The age of the patients is from 1 to 3 years. Dosage: per 1 kg of baby’s weight, 0.25 ml of antiallergic drug is enough. After 3 years, young patients are allowed to take 5 ml of medicinal syrup in the morning and evening, always with meals;
eye drops. The antiallergic drug is allowed to be instilled into the conjunctival sac for children over three years of age. Frequency - twice a day, quantity - 1 drop.

Possible side effects

The main negative symptom noted by patients is the development of drowsiness. Headaches and dry mouth are quite common.

Other negative reactions occur less frequently:

nausea, constipation, vomiting. During therapy, unpleasant symptoms disappear in most cases;
increased appetite provokes weight gain.

It appears even less frequently:

irritation, overexcitement;
excessive sensitivity of the body;
seizures (in children).

The following symptoms appear very rarely:

cystitis;
thrombocytopenia;
darkening of urine;
hepatitis;
skin reactions;
jaundice.

Overdose

Violating the rules for taking Ketotifen, increasing the daily dose or frequency of use can cause negative reactions:

nausea and vomiting;
decreased blood pressure;
seizures in young patients;
drowsiness.

To eliminate negative symptoms, doctors recommend rinsing the stomach and drinking any effective sorbent drug to remove excess ketotifen fumarate: Enterosgel, Sorbex, Multisorb, White Coal. Symptomatic therapy is indicated. The best option is to consult a doctor, especially if side effects are severe.

Special instructions

It is prohibited to combine the drug Ketotifen and alcohol;
Long-term use of syrup, antiallergic tablets or drops often provokes drowsiness and inhibition of reactions. For this reason, it is undesirable to combine therapy and control of transport or complex mechanisms;
the first two weeks you need to monitor the degree of sedation: if drowsiness develops while taking previously prescribed medications, you need to gradually increase the dosage;
a drug based on ketotifen fumarate enhances the effect of other antihistamines, drugs with ethyl alcohol and sleeping pills;
at the beginning of treatment, it is forbidden to abruptly stop the use of anti-asthmatic drugs, especially systemic GCS. Correction of the daily norm and frequency of use of any composition is carried out only by an allergist and therapist;
if the patient has previously taken bronchodilators, then while using an antiallergic drug containing ketotifen fumarate, on the recommendation of a doctor, the dosage of the drugs prescribed before the start of complex therapy can be reduced;
if there is a history of seizures, it is important to take a balanced approach to prescribing Ketotifen;
patients with steroid dependence may develop a complication in the form of adrenal insufficiency;
tablets based on ketotifen fumarate increase the sensitivity of certain receptors. For this reason, the drug is often used by active people involved in bodybuilding and ladies who dream of losing weight. The use of the medicine for these categories of patients is possible only on the recommendation of a doctor.