Longhaired dachshund breed description. Types of dachshunds

Classification

Origin: Germany

Classification: FCI group 4, dachshunds

Application: hunting dog for working in burrows. Often plays a decorative role, a good watchman

Color: single-color, two-color, brindle or spotted

Dimensions: height at withers – 14-20 cm, weight – no more than 4 kg for males, females weigh up to 3.5 kg

Lifespan: 12-15 years

The rabbit dachshund is one of the most recognizable dog breeds. Why are miniature dachshunds so attractive to dog breeders – their elongated body and short legs?

Appearance, first of all, is an indicator of a dachshund's hunting abilities. The dog is loved for its insightful mind and absolutely unique character.

History of the breed

We must pay tribute to German breeders for breeding the breed.

For hunting hares, or more precisely, for exploring rabbit holes, a dog of precisely this constitution has always been in demand.

German breeders did not stop working to reduce the size of the animal and sought to make the dachshund even smaller.

The narrow rabbit hole determined the parameters of the assistant - the dog had to not only crawl through it, but also maneuver there back and forth.

As a result, we managed to breed such a breed. Breeding miniature dogs was complicated by the fact that only a few puppies were born from dwarf dachshunds.

A special society was created to work on the breed. At the end of the 19th century, breeding of rabbit dachshunds was established in Germany.

Obtaining the breed took place in 2 stages. An ordinary dachshund was crossed with, but it was not possible to get what was needed right away.

Dogs did not always have the required hunting passion and anger. Or they turned out with long legs and big eyes, which was also not the goal of scientists.

They decided to abandon the introduction of blood from other breeds for breeding, and began to look for another solution.

The second stage was even more labor-intensive and lengthy. For selection, only the smallest representatives of the breed were used, producing dwarf offspring.

In 1905, a center for rabbit dachshund lovers was created, headed by breeder F. Engelmann, he was an admirer of the breed. Since that time, many documents have remained that describe the difficulties that had to be overcome in breeding the rabbit dachshund.

Dwarfs used in breeding are not normal in their physiology. When breeding them, it was not always possible to maintain the correct body proportions, like ordinary dachshunds.

Breeding the rabbit dachshund was very labor intensive

In some canine essays, you can sometimes find information about rabbit dachshunds, claiming that they are an independent breed of dog.

This is a misconception, since each variety has its own standards and parameters, but the requirements for the breed are the same. This applies to color, coat, body proportions.

Rabbit dachshunds appeared in Russia relatively recently. They were brought from abroad. Very few owners use them for hunting, but mainly they serve as a decorative dog.

Prices for puppies are not too high, so getting such a pet is quite easy

Psychology

The famous Russian scientist L. Sabaneev described the psychology of the dachshund very accurately:

“They are too smart, easy-going, understand their owner at a glance and are very attached to him, sometimes annoying.

The rabbit dachshund requires an affectionate attitude towards itself; strict treatment of them is unacceptable - there are notes of pride in their character, they are stubborn, and sometimes vindictive and even touchy.

A dog of this breed is more suitable for a home than many other breeds - their excellent hearing never fails, so they never make noise for no reason, like terriers who bark for any reason.”

The rabbit dachshund is extremely balanced and calm

Application

In modern conditions, the dwarf breed is used as indoor decorative dogs. As it is now fashionable to call it – a companion dog.

The dog is capable of bringing joy to all family members, although he is completely devoted only to his owner.

In appearance, this coat is similar in appearance to a smooth coat, the only difference is that the fur on the face is shaggier - there are eyebrows, a beard and a mustache.

Dachshunds come in both short-haired and long-haired varieties.

How to choose a dog

Having decided on a breed of rabbit dachshund, you need to prepare all the conditions for the puppy. It is necessary to equip a place where the dog will sleep and spend time playing games.

Decide who you need: a male or a female. Boys are much more active and aggressive, while girls are more patient and attentive.

When choosing a female, you need to take into account that you will have to breed dogs. This, in principle, is a profitable activity, but if your plans do not include messing around with puppies, then it is better to get a male.

When choosing a puppy, pay attention to its appearance. A healthy baby should look well-fed and playful

At one month of age, the fur is already smooth and shiny. The paws are thick and squat, but not long. The muzzle should not be sharp, but on the contrary, the shorter (dumber) it is, the better.

Features of care

You can wash your dogs often with clean running water, but with soap - only twice a year.

It is necessary to monitor the eyes in a timely manner; care consists of wiping the discharge with a soft cloth. If your eyes become watery, you should wash them with a 2% solution of boric acid or strong tea.

At least twice a month, the ear canals are inspected and dirt is removed with a cotton swab lubricated with Vaseline or a 3% peroxide solution. If an ear plug forms, it is recommended to drip paraffin oil into the ear and remove the plug with a cotton swab.

Dirt often collects between the claws on the paws. It must be cleaned after every walk. The claws themselves are carefully filed with an abrasive file as needed.

Maintaining hygiene is especially important when there are small children in the house.

You need to carefully monitor your dog's condition

Combing

Smooth-haired dachshunds are always ready for a show. Their coat is always perfect, it does not require additional care or combing, and dirt does not stick to it. The same can be said about wire-haired dachshunds.

It is enough to clean these varieties sometimes with a brush, starting from the head and throughout the body in all directions.

Rabbit dachshunds with long hair look more decorative. They periodically need to comb the fur on their limbs, undersides and tail.

Brush dogs with a brush made of natural bristles, which is not capable of damaging the skin. Care should be taken to ensure that the hair behind the ears does not form clumps.

Long-haired breeds should be combed - this device is ideal for caring for your pet during shedding.

The dachshund is sanguine by temperament and has a strong, stable character.

Walk

The rabbit dachshund loves walks, because the hunting instinct is in her blood. Walking freely, she often finds and digs up rodent holes.

One day A.P. Chekhov said: “This dog has a long body and small crooked paws, but it is unusually smart.”

The peculiarity of dachshunds is that, if necessary, they themselves are ready to analyze the situation and take decisive action. This behavior pattern was developed in dachshund species when they had to independently make optimal decisions underground in burrows.

Adaptability to long-term stress, determination, resourcefulness, the ability to wait and compromise - these are the distinctive features of the behavior of these dogs.

There is an opinion that dachshunds have an overly stubborn disposition. But this is not stubbornness, but pronounced independence. This, again, is a feature of the character of a hunting dog.

Accustomed to dealing with rodents or rabbits in a hole one on one, the dachshunds did not have the ability to obey commands at that moment. Along the way, the dog relies only on his resourcefulness and determination. The dachshund is independent in everyday life, but is by no means stubborn.

Dachshunds need a protein-rich diet

Nutrition

The rabbit dachshund has a greater need for energy reserves than large breed dogs.

For 1 kg of weight, she needs 85-90 kkl, while a large dog, for example, or, needs only 50 kkl.

To maintain energy in an adult dachshund, food should contain as little fat as possible.

When an adult dog continues to be fed puppy food high in fat, he is at risk of becoming obese.

The diet of an adult rabbit dachshund should consist more of fiber rich in carbohydrates.

You can use high-energy, intended for dogs with increased activity.

You need to feed your dachshund strictly twice a day, do not teach him to snack in between.

Health

If the dog’s behavior has changed dramatically - the nose has become hot and not moist as before, heavy breathing is felt, intestinal upset appears in the form of vomiting or diarrhea, then without a diagnosis it can be determined that the dog is sick.

Vaccinations

Before vaccination, deworming should be carried out, since vaccination is more difficult to tolerate in infected animals. Regular pyrantel will do.

The first vaccination can be carried out at 1.5 months. This could be a vaccination against hepatitis or enteritis - it all depends on the prevalence of diseases in the region of residence.

Puppies tolerate these treatments well, but it is better not to take them outside for now. Two weeks later, a second course of the selected vaccine is administered.

At 2.5 months it is time for the plague vaccination. There is no point in doing it earlier, and delaying it further is dangerous for the dog’s teeth

The fact is that vaccination against plague affects the growth of teeth, which begin to change later, when the vaccination is left behind.

After this procedure, for 3 weeks, it is better not to walk the puppy in public places, protect it from hypothermia and not bathe it.

A second plague vaccination is given at 6-7 months - just after changing teeth.

Mating

On average, there will be from 3 to 6 puppies in the litter

To detect it in time, inspect the litter daily. The day you discover the signs will be the first.

Rabbit dachshunds usually give birth to 3-6 puppies. To do this, 3 matings are carried out, the last test is for confidence. The first mating is on the 10th day of estrus, and then every other day.

If everything went as it should, the bitch may show the first signs at the beginning of pregnancy. She may refuse food, sleep a lot, and be lethargic.

Dachshunds bear offspring for up to 70 days. If there are many puppies, then birth occurs 10-12 days earlier. When a dog is past its due date, you should contact a veterinarian.

The idea that dogs can cope on their own during childbirth is wrong.

Assistance during childbirth is definitely needed - this will guarantee that all puppies will survive, and in case of complications, help will be provided in a timely manner.

Rabbit Dachshund: A Loyal Companion with a Sound Mind

The rabbit dachshund is one of the most recognizable dog breeds. Appearance, first of all, is an indicator of her hunting abilities. The dog is loved for its insightful mind and completely different character from others.

Black smooth dachshund
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Dachshund- a hunting breed, characterized by a small height at the withers, short legs and a long body. She looks quite unusual, due to her disproportionate build, which is unusual for dogs. This appearance arose as a result of the selection of specimens suitable for hunting burrowing animals. There are several varieties of this dog breed - standard, dwarf, rabbit, which, in turn, are divided into smooth-haired, long-haired and wire-haired. Dachshunds can come in a variety of colors, the most common being black and tan, red, brown and tan, merle, black or coffee. There are also animals of brindle and black with brindle tan colors.

Images of dogs with long bodies and short legs were discovered during excavations on the walls of ancient Egyptian temples, and stone and clay figurines of animals similar to modern dachshunds were found in Mexico, Greece, Peru and China. Nevertheless, many experts believe that dachshunds are a native German breed of dog. In Germany, at the sites of ancient Roman settlements, animal remains were also discovered that are very reminiscent of the skeleton of a modern dachshund. Most likely, variations with shortened legs and an elongated body arose more than once over the centuries-old history of the existence of dogs.

There are six varieties of modern dachshunds - smooth-haired, long-haired and wire-haired animals of standard or dwarf sizes. They differ only in size and type of coat. It is believed that the first dwarf or rabbit dachshunds were bred by crossing terriers and pinschers with the smallest and lightest dachshunds. Such pets are used to hunt small burrowing animals, such as rabbits.

Brown smooth-haired dachshund
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Despite the fact that the dachshund was known in Tsarist Russia since the 30s of the 18th century, it did not become widespread. Nevertheless, in 1900, the Russian Society of Fox Terrier and Dachshund Lovers arose, which kept stud books and organized specialized exhibitions. Oddly enough, but residents of the Russian state regarded this breed as a breed rather than as a working one. Many families kept dachshunds as pets. Very quickly and successfully, such pets spread among the creative intelligentsia.

Dachshunds are brave, agile, agile dogs with self-esteem and independence. Smart, fearless, attentive, aggressive towards the beast. Very strong and resilient. Loyal to the owner and distrustful of strangers. In urban environments, some specimens may bark while walking and even try to bite people passing by. They have excellent instincts. When hunting, they follow a fox, a raccoon, a badger, a blood trail, if necessary, they will serve a duck from the water, they will warn about a wild boar and a bear. The dog has a loud voice, is brave, has protective qualities, is purposeful and independent. If there are flaws in upbringing, in a city apartment, he can become a domestic tyrant.

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This is how the Germans describe their pet. A strong, massively boned dog, standing firmly on the ground, with a long, elongated muzzle, long, soft ears, rounded at the ends. The back is muscular, strong, the chest is voluminous, deep, with a characteristic “keel” in front. The tail, thick and strong at the base, is set low, usually held slightly below the line of the back, and when excited sticks out like an antenna. The limbs are short, thick, with prominent muscles, especially pronounced on the forelimbs. In addition, the front paws are wider and larger than the hind paws. The animal moves freely and sweepingly.

Considering the hunting history of the breed, walks with dachshunds should be regular so that the dog does not gain weight in urban conditions. It is better to walk her more often and let the pet run freely in a fenced area. The dachshund's coat is easy to handle. For smooth-haired dogs, it is enough to wipe them with a special mitten and soft cloth once a day. A stiff brush and comb are only needed when caring for long-haired and wire-haired dachshunds.

In cold weather, rain and sleet, it is better to dress smooth-haired dachshunds for walks. Typically, overalls, blankets or knitted blouses are used for these purposes. Almost any clothing can be bought at specialized pet stores, and, if necessary, sewn or knitted yourself. As an example, here is a pattern and instructions on how to sew a jumpsuit.

You only have to take one measurement - the length of your back. To do this, put a collar on the dachshund without tightening it and measure the distance from it to the root of the tail - this is the length of the back (line AB in the diagram). Now divide the resulting number by 8 to find out the size of the side of the grid square on which the pattern is built. All that remains is to draw a grid and transfer the pattern drawing onto it. Part 1 should be a pair - these are the right and left halves of the overalls. Part 2, unpaired, half is shown in the diagram - this is a wedge, sewn between the front legs with the narrow end, it covers the chest and stomach. The pattern is designed for a poodle, but is perfect for square dogs of any size, only for them you will have to slightly reduce the width of the legs. Adjust the width and length of the legs when trying them on, and gather the bottom of the legs with an elastic band. This overalls do not interfere with the dog’s movement at all, and perfectly protects from wet snow, rain and wind, especially if it is made of two layers: the top is made of raincoat fabric, the lining is made of flannel.

Longhaired dachshund

Longhaired dachshund
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Longhaired dachshund, without a doubt, a beautiful dog: unusual, elegant, spectacular. Hence its popularity in many countries, although in terms of prevalence it is inferior to its smooth-haired brother. There is an opinion that this breed is not sufficiently forced to “show anger”, that is, they simply do little or no training with it as a working dog. For urban conditions, this is even a plus, although this variety was originally created for work, like the smooth-haired one. It was only intended for more severe weather conditions.

The long-haired dachshund was first mentioned in the literature in 1820. This variety was developed by crossing smooth-haired dachshunds with long-haired breeds. Most likely, the blood of spaniels, as well as some breeds of cops, flows in the veins of a long-haired dachshund. It is not for nothing that the long-haired variety of the hunting type, for the most part, works better at ducking than smooth-haired or wire-haired dogs.

Although the long-haired dachshund does not freeze and can follow a scent for a long time in cold weather, it is the wool that stops skeptic practitioners. It collects quite a lot of dirt, and in winter snow freezes on it. Snow pellets, freezing to the fur on the underside of the body and on the back of the paws, greatly complicate the dog’s movement.

The final color and length of the coat of these dachshunds is established after several molts, usually in the second year of life. Their fur grows quite slowly. But when the long-haired dachshund “dresses” completely, its fur coat becomes long and silky, on the body it is smooth and tight-fitting, and has a natural gloss. It is this “shirt” that protects well from dampness and rain.

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According to the standard, the coat should not be shaggy or have a tendency to curl. A fairly thick “shirt” does not hide, however, the outlines of the dog’s body. On the ears, under the throat, on the underside of the body, on the back of the legs, the hair forms long, silky, but not fluffy, feathers. On the tail it forms a suspension in the form of a fringe, which looks very elegant. This is the beauty and pride of the long-haired dachshund. This “beauty” is called as many different names as: plumage, dressing wool, and decorative wool.

But the fur is shaggy, wavy, and in the form of curls, causing serious criticism from experts. Fluffy fur and “curls” are generally not acceptable. An “open”, loose or fluffy coat, although it may appear thicker and warmer, absorbs moisture like blotting paper. It becomes a dirt and dust collector, and to keep it clean requires constant combing and additional cleaning measures. The coat is matte, without shine, dry and hard to the touch, indicating that it does not have the fatty layer necessary to keep moisture out.

Long-haired dachshunds are bred in red, black and tan, and coffee colors. It is interesting that in this variety until the 1920s. There were pure black and pure brown dogs, without tan. The range of shades of red in long-haired dachshunds includes red - the color of polished mahogany, dark cherry, chestnut, golden chestnut, orange, light red, but bright and rich.

Red long-haired dachshunds also have a color with the exotic name “moiré”. In this case, the lower part of the hair has a golden color, and the upper part is colored thin black. The dark color is most common on the ears, neck, shoulders, along the body, and on the sides. Below, towards the belly, on the chest, the red color begins to predominate. The overall impression is as if a dark veil has been thrown over a golden base. The red color begins to predominate in a purer form in those places where a black and tan dog would have tan. In essence, they seem to be slightly “drawn”. The color is extremely refined and elegant.

Dwarf or rabbit dachshund

Dwarf or rabbit dachshund
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Dwarf or rabbit dachshund, which differs from its counterparts in its more compact size, was born a little later and immediately became very popular all over the world. The dwarf dachshund has a calmer disposition and a perceptive mind; it easily finds a common language with all family members, individually adapting to each of them. These dogs are very friendly with children, but you need to explain to the children that such a pet is not just another toy in their collection. When living permanently in an apartment, a dwarf dachshund can very well serve as a decorative dog.

Despite their miniature size and awkward build, dwarf dachshund dogs are brave, active and very agile. Like true explorers, they are very inquisitive and enjoy exploring new places. Dachshunds are highly trainable, although from time to time they like to demonstrate their stubbornness and independence to their owners. With good upbringing, these miniature pets can make excellent watchdogs or faithful companions.

The dwarf dachshund is the smallest of the dachshund breed, with a chest volume of up to 30 cm and a weight of about 3.5 kg, and is a specialist in narrow passages in rabbit holes. It owes its origin to breeders who bred dogs suitable for burrowing rabbit hunting. By crossing dachshunds and pinschers, small dogs suitable for rabbit hunting were bred, however, they had little in common with the desired type of dachshund: they were too long-legged, and the head for a long time remained very similar to that of a pinscher. As a result, they returned to breeding purebred lines, for which the smallest dachshund individuals were selected for breeding and selection was carried out based on this trait.

Reproduction of dachshunds

As you know, dachshund dogs are capable of reproducing at 8-12 months. However, at this age, the body of young animals is not yet fully formed. Early matings can lead to serious diseases and complications. The optimal age for reproduction is 1 year for males and 20 months for females. Veterinarians recommend breeding bitches for the first time only after their third heat.

Here are a few basic rules that will make the mating process easier for both animals and their owners. Mating should take place in the male dog's territory, since it is at home that males are most active. The right time for mating is in the morning, before feeding. Before the “date,” dogs need to be given a good walk. An overcrowded intestine can cause mating without a “lock” and unsuccessful mountings.

To mate dogs, choose a quiet place where there are no strangers or other animals. Give the dachshunds time to get acquainted and get used to the new place. But there is no point in delaying the process, as the male may simply “lose the desire.”

Choosing a Dachshund Puppy

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It is recommended to buy a dachshund puppy at about two months of age. By this time, the young animal no longer needs mother's milk; it has received its first vaccination and deworming. In addition, a 2-month-old puppy’s psyche is already sufficiently formed to begin an independent life next to a person.

When you come to the seller, first of all pay attention to the living conditions of the pets. The room in which the puppies live should be clean and warm, and there should be no heavy odor. Ask the breeder to show you at least one of the parents of the young. This way you can see with your own eyes what your pet will turn into when it grows up.

When choosing a Dachshund puppy, examine the entire litter to be able to identify the best specimen. Choose the puppy that is most active and mobile. A young dachshund should not be too thin or too fat. A healthy puppy's legs are strong and short, and the body already has characteristic proportions.

The next thing you should pay attention to when choosing such a pet is the coat. After all, it is the main indicator of a dog’s health. Regardless of whether the Dachshund is long-haired, smooth-haired or wire-haired, it should be shiny and free of bald spots and dandruff. Also carefully examine the animal's skin. It should be clean, without rashes, scratches, or sores.

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Next you need to examine the face and head. The pigmentation of the mouth of dachshund puppies should be light, that is, the tongue and gums should be pink, and there should be no wounds or plaque on them. There should be no unpleasant odor from the mouth. The animal's bite, according to the standard, is scissor-shaped. The puppy's ears, eyes, and nose should be clean, without discharge or sores. A good puppy has clear eyes and a cool, wet nose.

Male dachshunds should already have both testicles descended at 7-9 weeks of age. If you see a deviation, it is better not to take such a pet in the hope that everything will still return to normal, as this may not happen. As a result, the dog will not be allowed for exhibitions or breeding.

Pay attention to the back of a young dachshund - it should be absolutely straight, without deflection or hump. Such defects can lead to serious health problems in the future. The puppy's tail should be straight, without kinks. The dewclaws, or otherwise fifth, toes must be docked.

To protect yourself from possible problems and disappointment in your pet, do not hesitate to ask the seller for documents confirming the puppy’s pedigree, or better yet, enter into a purchase and sale agreement. A conscientious breeder who cares about the fate of each animal will be happy to provide you with all the necessary documents, as well as the dog’s veterinary passport and puppy card.

Dachshund - hunting dog

The question of whether fox hunting is necessary for this dog usually causes a negative reaction from new dachshund owners. Everyone tends to get a dog for themselves, which means for the couch. And you can’t blame anyone for this. The dachshund is a wonderful companion and will find something to do even while sitting on the couch and without hunting a fox. It's another matter when you decide to become a breeder or nursery owner. Here you have a lot of responsibility for this breed.

And the dachshund breed was created exclusively for hunting. Hence the features of its exterior. Everything in it is designed for work in the hole: a long chest, accommodating colossal lungs for the size of the dog, in order to avoid oxygen deficiency in the hole, and a certain ratio of the height at the withers to the distance from the bottom point of the chest to the ground. The dachshund must be mobile and move freely in the hole, and the body should not “scrape” the ground, as is common among some foreign dachshunds that are not used for hunting. And the weight of the dog should not exceed 9 kg, since it is difficult for a large and heavy dog ​​to work in a narrow hole and dens. If you remove the need to hunt, then the above features of the dachshund’s exterior become rather meaningless. The exterior of a non-working dachshund can take on a somewhat stylized, exaggerated character, and our dachshund will become somewhat reminiscent of its American version: the chest is lowered low and “crawls” along the ground, legs that are too short and “folded” do not allow it to move quickly, the dog is “damp and loaded” ”, and weight - well, it cannot be measured.

“The legs are crooked, the bodies are long, but the mind is extraordinary,” A.P. Chekhov wrote about the dachshund. Unusual mental abilities, cunning, courage, independence, determination, her own opinion about everything in the world - these traits were inherited by the dachshund from her hunting ancestors and were formed over decades. Those whose dachshund “fell ill” with a hole know that without their beloved fox, the dachshund is sad and can become grouchy and boring. By depriving the dachshund of its habitat, we thereby contribute to a change in its character, and this, as is known, as well as hunting qualities, is inherited and will ultimately lead to mental degradation and complete degeneration of the breed.

There is a certain relationship between the mental characteristics of the dachshund and its hunting abilities, as, apparently, in other breeds. That is, the state of a dog’s psyche can be judged by its ability to work in a hole. A dachshund suffering from the above deficiencies will not be able to hunt, and, therefore, should not be used for breeding. In other words, a dachshund that does not hunt should not be used for breeding.

Now about another category of owners, whose dachshunds might have hunted if their owner had not been so lazy or fearful and had reached the hole. Sometimes we ourselves come up with many reasons why we cannot do something, trying to justify this primarily to ourselves. But if you only go to “training” once, you will “get sick” of it along with your dog only once. “I’m ready to climb into the hole myself and show my dachshund how to work,” you hear almost constantly from beginners. The sight of a dog working in a hole is incredibly impressive. Everything is surprising: from the puppy’s first steps in the hole to the high-quality work of an already experienced dog. And what a pleasure it is to watch how a dog gradually, step by step, gains experience. No serious injuries occur during baiting with an experienced nor-master - everyone remains alive: both dogs and foxes. The fears of beginners who explain that they do not go to the hole because they are afraid that the animal will bite their dog are unfounded - often this is just a convenient excuse for themselves. And you shouldn't talk about it seriously. Training a young dog, like a person, follows the classical path: from simple to complex. A frightened puppy or young dog may no longer enter the hole, and neither the teacher nor the student wants this. The dachshund is an intellectual creature, and its sense of self-preservation is highly developed. It is for this property that hunters value it: to take or drive out an animal and at the same time survive. Everything is done wisely, everything is done “with the head.” The training of a young dog is gradual, and the dog, like its owner, should leave the hole in a good mood, with a feeling of victory, albeit small, and with a feeling of something unfinished. And all week they will think that next time they will show this...

A dachshund that has good contact with a person shows miracles when hunting - it works not because the hunting instinct pushes it to do so, but because its owner needs it. She works for a person. The dachshund is capable of giving his all. With proper training, this dog can be fully realized in all its hunting capabilities. A person who has not been able to understand what level of relationship a dachshund is capable of will in vain lament and complain that the dachshund is far from being the best hunting dog, and he actually got an unsuccessful specimen. Work for such a dog will not bring joy, illuminated by communication with a person. The dog will begin to work for itself. Only the dachshund has nothing to do with it: “don’t blame the horse, blame the road.” What the man-creator “molded” out of a dog is what happened. Experts at the end of the last century noticed this ability of the dachshund: “It happened that a strictly punished dachshund lost its heart and refused to work, but if, on the contrary, you treat it kindly, they work with such zeal that one cannot wish for better.”

In addition to burrow hunting, the dachshund is successfully used on the surface for other types of animals and game. If necessary, a hard-working dachshund, despite his short legs, can act as a walking hound, a spaniel, or even a husky. And he will do this to the best of his ability, responsibly and conscientiously.

But it makes sense to start developing the skills necessary for other types of hunting only when the dachshund begins to work well on burrowing animals. It is also necessary to keep in mind that among dachshunds there are dogs that, having successfully hunted on the surface, become cold towards the hole.

Undoubtedly, the size of the dachshund narrows the range of its capabilities in ground hunting. But being short has its advantages. The low position of the dachshund's body above the ground allows it to use its senses excellently. And at the same time, the dachshund has a large reserve of “strength” - it is hardy and efficient. It’s not without reason that they say: a dachshund’s instinct is in its paws.

The dachshund follows the blood trail well. Mastery in this work comes with experience; in addition, the future “blood dog” must develop its sense of smell as much as possible. To do this, they take advantage of every opportunity, coming up with all kinds of exercises. The hunter must be able to “improvise.” A well-trained dog will find its owner along the most complex and confusing trail. This quality can be developed through training.

Some dachshunds, having found a wounded animal by following the blood trail, raise their voices, calling the hunter. This call is the best music for a hunter. In blood trail tests, this dog's ability is called announcement. Self-announcing dogs are not very common, but the quality is very valuable.

The dachshund can lift and drive even wounded animals. A deer or elk does not take the small short-legged dog seriously and moves away from it slowly, which is very convenient for the hunter. The same can be said about the wild boar - a small dachshund cannot intimidate this large animal. However, when chasing a wild boar, dachshunds sometimes show such passion and viciousness that they literally work closely. Particularly vicious dachshunds can not only detain him, diverting attention to themselves, but also stop the beast behind the gacha. Of course, not a cleaver. Watching a dachshund work like this, you can’t believe your own eyes - it seems incredible. Due to the difference in size of the dog and its "prey". In some regions they even hunt roe deer with a dachshund.

The dachshund can also be used to serve game. The dachshund, unlike high-legged dogs that quickly explore the territory, will spend more time on this work, but will do everything thoroughly and thoroughly. Hunters know well that many dogs are good at fetching - they bring various objects, having a natural tendency to do so. But a dog can be trained to serve. There are quite a few fetching dogs among dachshunds. This tendency is used to serve game.

Duck work is not a mandatory use for a dachshund. It can be used in this type of work only under appropriate weather conditions, taking into account the size of the dog, and also if the dog itself shows a disposition to do so. Having a penchant for water, dachshunds can provide invaluable assistance to a hunter. They examine the reeds, pick up prey from the water, drag away the shot game and bring it back. Of course, the dachshund is not very suitable for such work, but, if necessary, it knows how to adapt to it.

Historical background

Photo can be enlarged

According to scientists, the formation of the modern dachshund began in the 16th century in southern Germany. The first reliable mentions of this breed of dog, then still under the names “badger crawler” and “badger warrior,” are found in books written before 1700. There are earlier references to “badger dogs” and “burrow dogs”, however, these refer to hunting purposes rather than to a specific breed. The ancestors of the dachshund were short German hounds. From them she inherited the ability to pursue prey with a loud voice, intelligence and endurance, excellent instincts, fearlessness in battle with the enemy and hunting passion. And what was a disadvantage for a hound dog - a disproportionate ratio of a standard body with short legs - became an advantage for a norn dog.

German hunters, appreciating these qualities, began to breed a certain type of dog: squat, short-legged, so that it could easily penetrate holes and dens. Hunting was an expensive and prestigious activity, but maintaining a dachshund did not require large expenses. This was another significant advantage, for which the breed was loved by poor burghers and minor nobles. In the middle of the 17th century, two types are mentioned: bow-legged dogs for underground hunting and coarse-haired low foot hounds. Over time, Germans become more and more attached to dachshunds, appreciating their energy, hunting zeal and diligence, loyalty, reliability and intelligence.

By the end of the 18th century, the dachshund practically acquired modern features. The number of dachshunds is increasing so much that they are being exported to other countries. And in Germany itself a wide network of nurseries is being formed. Their owners bred the dogs based on personal preferences. But over time, a division begins into decorative and working specimens. Naturally, there is a need to establish a breed standard, which was adopted in 1870. Currently, the generally accepted standard for the Dachshund breed is the FCI standard.

General view of the dachshund

Short, short-legged, elongated but strong build, with dense muscles; head raised proudly. The look is smart. Despite the short legs in relation to the body, dachshunds do not appear ugly, clumsy or constrained in their movements, thin (narrow) like a weasel or an ermine.

Dachshund head

Elongated, extremely expressive, dry, when viewed from above and from the side, it evenly tapers to the tip of the nose. The upper part of the head is only slightly convex, without a sharp transition from the forehead to the muzzle (the smaller the transition, the more typical the head), smoothly transitions into a gracefully formed, slightly convex bridge of the nose. The brow ridges are clearly visible. The cartilage of the nasal dorsum and the tip of the nose are long and narrow, the lips are tightly stretched, well covering the lower jaw, shallow, not pointed, with easily defined angles; the nostrils are well opened. The mouth is long, stretches far and opens even behind the eyes, with highly developed teeth and jaws; strong, as if fangs overlap each other.

Dachshund teeth

A complete set of permanent teeth for an adult dog consists of 42 teeth, including 12 incisors, 4 canines and 26 molars. Sometimes the number of molars varies from dog to dog.

Dachshund eyes

Medium size, oval in shape, set obliquely, with a clear, energetic and friendly expression. The eye color is bright dark brown or black-brown for any color of the dog. A glassy, ​​fishy or pearly eye in gray or spotted dogs is not a major fault, but is undesirable.

Dachshund ears

Set high and not too far back, of moderate length, nicely rounded, not narrow, not pointed or folded, very mobile. The front edge is close to the cheekbones.

Dachshund neck

Quite long, muscular, dry, without folds on the throat, slightly convex, the dog holds it high without difficulty.

Dachshund forelimbs

Corresponding to the hard work that the dachshund performs underground: muscular, massive, short, legs long and wide. The Dachshund's shoulder blades are long and widely set, fitting tightly to a well-developed chest, with strong and flexible muscles. The shoulders are as long as the shoulder blades, forming a right angle with them: with strong bones and elastic muscles; close to the ribs, but freely moving.

Dachshund body

The back is long, the withers are high, the thoracic vertebrae form a straight line, moderately convex in the lumbar region. The breast bone is powerful and stands out noticeably, resulting in the formation of pits on both sides; The chest in section is oval, when viewed from the side and from above it is spacious, well developed, relatively long and gradually merges into the line of the abdomen. With the correct length and angle of the shoulder and shoulder-scapula joint, the front leg from the side covers the lowest point of the chest line. The abdomen is moderately tucked.

Dachshund hind limbs

The croup is long, wide, rounded and muscular. The pelvis is not very short, quite well developed, moderately sloping. The thigh is strong, proportionally long, and forms a right angle with the pelvis. The sacrum is completely rounded. The knee is wide and strong. The shin is short compared to the shin of other dog breeds, forms a right angle with the femur, and has well-developed muscles. The hock joint is wide, with a strongly protruding calcaneus. The hocks are long, mobile, freely moving forward, set slightly obliquely forward. The paws of the hind limbs have four closely assembled toes; the weight of the entire leg falls on the toes; short claws. When viewed from behind, the hindquarters should be perfectly straight.

Dachshund tail

Smoothly continues the line of the back, straight.

And in conclusion, we list the advantages and disadvantages of this breed..

Advantages:

An unusual, original pet.

Always warns about uninvited guests.

Can be used as a hunting dog.

Cheaper maintenance compared to large dogs.

Short-haired specimens produce little fur in the apartment.

A companion in children's games.

Gets along well with other pets.

Flaws:

In apartment conditions it tends to damage furniture and shoes.

Can wake you up in the morning with loud barking.

When traveling to the dacha, I tend to dig up the area.

A significant amount of wool in the apartment is from the long-haired variety.

Quite a wayward and difficult to train dog.

A glutton, able to eat a couple of kilograms of meat left unattended.

Often aggressive towards strangers and other dogs.

The long-haired dwarf dachshund was bred in Germany. It belongs to the decorative dog breeds, although it shows some hunting tendencies, like its ancestors. This species is considered one of the most common in Russia and the world. The dwarf dachshund, the breed of which was first described back in 1820, despite its small size, is a very hardy and physically strong dog. It is believed that the blood of spaniels, as well as cops, flows in her veins.

Description of the breed

The long-haired dwarf dachshund is the smallest species of this class. Along with this subspecies, the class also includes the dwarf wire-haired dachshund.

The dog weighs about 3.5 kg. The breast volume is only 30 cm.

Dogs of this breed are squat, have slightly crooked and less strong hind legs, and round paws. The neck of dwarf dachshunds is elastic. The dog makes a special impression thanks to its beautiful long hair, which is very soft to the touch. Sometimes it gets a little frizzy. A more valuable dog option is the dachshund with a dark red color. There are also black, red and marbled representatives of the breed.

The tail is very long relative to the body. Despite the fact that the dachshund's build is not harmonious, in general the dog looks very graceful.

Personality of the long-haired dwarf dachshund

A strong hunting spirit and a high degree of physical strength lead to the need for early training. You should be patient when training your dog. Dachshunds understand praise very well, through which it is recommended to base all training. If you try to shout at her, the dachshund is capable of harboring a grudge. Subsequently, a very aggressive pet can grow up.

If you need to punish a dachshund, then it is best to show it your ignorance. She very quickly realizes that she needs to make amends and will try to earn precious attention.

The long-haired dwarf dachshund is very inquisitive and intelligent, but at the same time can be quite stubborn.

When playing with her, you should act carefully; if there are any sudden movements, her reflex may work, then the long-haired dwarf dachshund will show aggression.

The dachshund is very well oriented in space; when going for walks in the fresh air, it can even help lead the owner to the right place.

At the same time, dogs of this breed are characterized by a very rapid switching in activity. From playing ball, for example, she can quickly move on to communicating with the child.

He treats kids kindly, but does not like it when they behave too intrusively.

If there are strangers in the house, he is neutral, but controls their behavior, at a certain moment he may even growl or bark.

Very sensitive, just like the dwarf smooth-haired dachshund, to any extraneous noise and new sounds, which will alert the owner about it.

How to choose a longhaired dwarf dachshund puppy?

If you want to raise such an active dog, then you need to choose the puppy wisely. It's good if the puppy is very active. In a healthy representative of the breed, all proportions are obvious already in childhood, but it is advisable to look at one of the parents. This will help you imagine what the puppy will be like as an adult.

It is worth carefully checking the condition of the muzzle and mouth. There may be spots in the mouth, but they should be light. The condition of the eyes and ears, as well as mucous membranes, should not cause any complaints.

There should be no rashes on the skin. It is best to purchase a puppy at 2–3 months. At this age, the dwarf dachshund is already able to adapt well to new conditions. You just need to ask the breeders about the nutritional system and continue it, at least at first.

Nutrition and care

Only natural products should be included in the dachshund’s diet:

• Porridge;
• Meat;
• Dairy products;
• Vegetables.

Moreover, you should not store them for future use; it is better to give them freshly prepared.

The amount of food should not be excessive, as dachshunds tend to be overweight. At the same time, it is also impossible to bring them to exhaustion. For adult dogs, two meals a day is sufficient. Moreover, puppies should eat before a walk, and adult representatives of the breed - after.

Of course, you can switch your dog to professional dog food. Some dog owners prefer to combine regular food and food.

Special care is required for mucous membranes. Eyes and ears should be checked every day, carefully removing dirt if necessary.

Unfortunately, an unpleasant feature of adult dogs of this breed is the presence of an unpleasant odor from the mouth. This is due to the formation of tartar, which a veterinarian can help get rid of. If this is not done, then problems may begin with the teeth themselves.

Of course, special attention is paid to grooming. Representatives of this breed need to be brushed regularly and their paws wiped after walks. It is better to choose a brush with natural hairs that is quite stiff.

Once a week you can wipe the coat with a cloth soaked in cosmetic oil, then the coat will be shiny. You need to comb the dog along and against the fur to enhance the massage effect.

If the dog does not live in an urban environment, then the nails need to be trimmed as they grow back.

The long-haired dwarf dachshund will become an excellent and loyal friend, as well as an active participant in family events. In addition, she is able to decorate any apartment with her presence.

A decorative dog that loves to play with children and adults, and that is capable of chasing a fox or a hare, winning in a tight tunnel and throwing a carcass at the owner’s feet if it happens during a hunt. This versatility and cute appearance have made the dachshund one of the most popular dogs for a long time. And of the varieties of dachshunds, of which there are only nine, it is the long-haired dachshund that has won the greatest love of the public. In particular, the long-haired mini dachshund remains a popular breed among decorative dogs to this day. The standard longhaired dachshund is a little less common.

What is the difference between different types of dachshunds? For example, the Miniature Longhaired Dachshund and the Longhaired Marbled Dachshund? Sounds very similar, with a few exceptions. The fact is that initially there was one breed of dachshund - standard. She was only smooth-haired, and keeping her was the exclusive prerogative of the hunters. The color of the dog then, as now, could be different - marbled, red and tan (thus, there were 3 subspecies of the standard dachshund). Later, other subspecies appeared, distinguished by the type of coat color. They were wirehaired and longhaired dachshunds. In terms of color, the most common are red and black long-haired dachshunds.

Standard longhaired dachshund. Photo:

Miniature longhaired dachshund. Photo:

Longhaired dachshund puppies. Photo:

Temperament of a long-haired dachshund

If you visit the owners of a long-haired dachshund, you will probably get only good reviews about it, as a loyal and cheerful friend. The long-haired dachshund is a dog, although it is a hunting dog, but still the hunter's instinct is less manifested in it than in its relative, the wire-haired dachshund. Because of its long hair, it is less adapted to climbing burrows and tunnels. But it’s nice to play with her and stroke her silky fur. Some owners tie beautiful ribbons and bows to their pets, and also arrange photo sessions with their long-haired dachshund. Thanks to its good-natured character and irrepressible activity, the long-haired dachshund invariably becomes the center of attention, giving people joy. She herself also sincerely enjoys communicating with a person and can be offended by a lack of attention. You should never physically punish your dachshund; it is better to just leave it alone.

The long-haired dachshund shows an amazing interest in the world around it and will happily accompany a person on the street. As a result, an ordinary 20-minute walk can turn into a multi-hour walk. You need to take your dachshund outside in the morning, afternoon and evening. During walks, especially while the puppy is small, it is recommended to use a leash, because the addictive nature of the dachshund can force it to headlong in pursuit of some cat. Another feature of this breed is its tendency to dig tunnels, which should be taken into account by owners living in private houses.

What do you need to know about long-haired dachshunds to feed them correctly? It is important to know that increased mobility requires a lot of energy. It is preferable to feed with products of natural origin, but the option of using dry food is also possible. Of course, it is up to the owners what to feed their long-haired dachshund; the main thing is that the food provides the dog’s body with the necessary microelements. A dachshund should eat before walking, not after. If you decide to buy a long-haired dachshund puppy, you need to remember that you cannot pamper or overfeed it; additional meals that bypass the regime are especially harmful. As a result, your Dachshund may quickly become overweight and less mobile.

Grooming Requirements for a Longhaired Dachshund

Every pet needs care. Long-haired dachshunds are no exception. Caring for them includes several mandatory items:

• If a smooth-haired dachshund is enough to be lightly combed every day and sometimes stroked with a brush, then a long-haired dachshund is much more demanding. In addition to regular brushing and frequent bathing, they need regular procedures, such as grooming for long-haired dachshunds, which is carried out by specialists in dog beauty salons.
• Regular nail trimming – 2 times a month.
• Ear cleaning should be thorough, using special hygiene products.
• You need to brush your teeth once a week.

Buying a longhaired dachshund

If you decide to get a dog and the choice falls on a long-haired dachshund, you should decide on this: will it be a standard long-haired dachshund, a miniature or a rabbit one. Prices for longhaired dachshund puppies vary depending on the specific breed. Thus, prices for miniature long-haired dachshund puppies will be higher than standard ones.

It is better to make a purchase in specialized nurseries. For example, if you need to buy a long-haired dachshund puppy in Moscow, you can recommend contacting miniature and rabbit long-haired dachshunds.

The longhaired dachshund will be happy to join the family and become a member of it. These dogs live for about 15 years, so if you get one with a small child, they will grow and play together. Finally, it is worth emphasizing that the long-haired dachshund is a friendly and sociable breed, so when getting this dog, you need to provide it with comfortable conditions, care and a lot, a lot of attention.

For those who want to get a pet that is not a living toy, but a friend and companion, the long-haired dachshund is truly a godsend. This lively, inquisitive, playful and easy-going dog will be indispensable for walks and for noisy fun games with children.

The first mention in the literature of dogs of this species occurs in 1820. This breed of dachshund was developed by crossing a spaniel with a standard smooth-haired dachshund with an admixture of several breeds of cops.

The appearance of the dachshund in our area dates back to the post-war period (we are talking about World War II).

At that time, these dogs were not distinguished by the quality of the breed, since they were of unknown origin.

At first, long-haired dachshunds were used as hunting dogs, then their working qualities decreased, and eventually the dachshunds became decorative dogs.

Persistent breeding work has led to the emergence of certified sires among dachshunds of this species.

Anatomy, structure, become

Length from 20 to 40 cm, weight ranging from 3 to 9 kg.

Breed characteristics:

• The muzzle is elongated;
• Elongated ears, rounded at the ends;
• Strong massive skeleton;
• Developed strong back;
• Volumetric deep chest with a keel;
• Short powerful legs (the hind legs are smaller than the front ones);
• Thick tail, especially dense at the root;
• Silk soft wool.

The hair of males is longer than that of females. The silhouette is clearly visible, despite the thickness of the coat, which forms silky feathering on the head, belly and paws.

On the tail it creates a fringe effect. Matte, hard and overdried wool is an indicator of the absence of a fatty layer that does not allow moisture to pass through.

• Curls and wavy tendencies in such dogs are unacceptable by the standard, since fluffy and shaggy hair is highly absorbent.

Being visually warmer and thicker, it creates problems with grooming, intensively collecting dirt, as a result of which the long-haired dachshund becomes like a dust collector.

Colors, colors

There are the following colors:

1. Red (golden, chestnut, orange, mahogany and cherry);
2. Coffee (brown and light beige with tan marks);
3. Black and tan (pure brown and black colors have not been found since the 20s of the twentieth century).
4. The moire color, the most common among lovers of this breed, implies a golden color at the root of the hair and black at the top. The red color predominates on the lower abdomen and on the paws, while the color on the head, back and sides is dark.

As a result, the dog looks as if a veil has been thrown over it. The elegant and exotic appearance of dachshunds of this color explains the increased demand for them.

Briefly about physiology

The dog goes through several molts before the coat is completely formed. This occurs around the age of two.

A thick “fur coat” protects dachshunds from cold and wind in winter, but at the same time snow freezes to it, which prevents them from walking normally. In the warm season, their gait is sweeping and free.

Character and temperament

An inquisitive and lively dog, the Limousin is patient in searching, persistent in work, friendly in the family and careful with strangers. Because of her bright facial expressions, the expression on her face is easy to read.

Vivid character traits:

• Calm;
• Persistence and endurance;
• Sociability and friendliness;
• Ability to adapt and get along;
• Ability to quickly change actions;
• Playful and carefree.

Dachshunds copy their owner's gait, adapting to his movements. They are well oriented in space, switch instantly, while remaining attentive.

Sensitivity is expressed in an angry grunt at unfamiliar sounds or smells perceived as a source of danger.

Territorial restriction is highly characteristic of these small creatures, which account for a considerable percentage of bites.

Don't forget that dachshunds are hunters. They love to dig in the ground. Therefore, in summer cottages with flower beds and lawns, you need to carefully monitor them.

Species and subspecies

By size, the longhaired dachshund is divided into standard, rabbit and miniature.

The difference between this variety of dachshunds is that it is divided into subspecies according to size, taking as the main criterion not the height at the withers, but the chest girth.

• Standard ones weigh over 5.5 kg, their chest circumference is more than 35 cm.
• Rabbits weigh up to 3.5 kg, chest circumference – up to 30 cm.
• Miniature dogs (contrary to their name) are larger in size - weight varies from 4 to 5.5 kg, chest girth ranges from 30 to 35 cm.

All three subspecies are working and hunting by nature - the standard dachshund, the miniature dachshund, and the rabbit dachshund.

It is impossible to distinguish among them a greater or lesser predisposition to a decorative lifestyle - this factor depends on the individual character traits of each specific dog.

Before purchasing, you should definitely decide on the intended purpose of your future pet. One type of dachshund is needed for hunting, and another for lying on the couch. Hunting and decorative dogs differ in price.

To acquire a friend and companion, an advertisement on the Internet is enough (on the Internet you can even find a free distribution of puppies). To acquire a hunter, you should go to a special club or nursery. The cost of a puppy, depending on the elite of the breeders and the prestige of the place of purchase, ranges from 5 to 500 dollars.

How to parent properly

Training and education again depend on the purpose for which the puppy was purchased. Future hunters are sent to special schools, where they learn to search for and catch animals. Raising a friend is also possible at home, since even a teenager can do this process.

These dogs are mindful and easy to teach all sorts of tricks. And even without regular repetition, the long-haired dachshund remembers commands and carries out them with pleasure.

Note to the owner

Long-haired hunters do not overeat, unlike smooth-haired ones. But they, like other breeds, are naturally prone to obesity, so their diet must be carefully monitored.

Caring for the thick, long hair of dachshunds requires a lot of effort on the part of the owner. Combing with a brush is recommended. Upon returning from a walk, wipe the paws with a special rag or damp cloth and rinse them in the shower.

In situations of insect infestation (ticks, fleas), products are used in the form of a spray, soap, emulsion or collars.

The use of these drugs requires a preliminary check to see if the animal has allergies. It is important to consider dimensions (height and weight).

Compatibility and livability

Long-haired dachshunds become very attached to their owner and follow him everywhere. They are inquisitive and strive to join in the work of their companion or at least observe him.

When choosing one owner, the dog is polite and friendly with other family members, but only obeys one.

But these little hunters are aggressive towards foreign animals, like cats. It is worth paying attention to the intolerance of this breed of dog towards familiarity, rudeness and familiarity towards itself if there are small children in the house.

Good-natured and not prone to conflict, the long-haired dachshund easily finds contact with other animals living in the family.