That's why sunglasses are needed. Sunglasses: what they are needed for and how to choose the right sunglasses

Sunglasses are used to protect a person's eyes from the bright rays of the sun.

Today they are very popular. Some people do not take off their sunglasses regardless of the time of year, because... They have long been a main part of the image.

Ophthalmologists have found that human eyes are harmed not only by ultraviolet and infrared radiation, but also by excessively bright light. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation can cause various eye diseases, from lens damage to cancer.

Cosmetologists also advise wearing sunglasses. As you know, in the bright sun our eyes are always tense. The pupil is forced to constrict greatly. Such squinting leads to the appearance of a large number of small wrinkles around the eyes, it is simply impossible to get rid of them. Glasses can protect against this problem and preserve the light color of the iris.

Another benefit of wearing sunglasses: there are specialized magnetic points on the bridge of a person’s nose. When you press them, the person calms down and becomes less aggressive.

Different options for sunglasses

When choosing sunglasses, you need to keep in mind that there are several groups of them.
Cosmetic class glasses are a stylish attribute. They highlight the image very well, but do not protect from the sun. Very often, such glasses have multi-colored, slightly darkened lenses.

Traditional or multifunctional glasses are recommended to be worn in dim, medium and strong sun. They fully meet the lighting conditions of the middle zone. The tag often says “general purpose”.

Glasses with too high a degree of protection can be identified by the inscription “high protection”. They are intended to be in strong and bright sun. Glasses of this type are much better suited for conditions in the highlands, the north, and even regions with ozone oddities.

Glasses with polarized lenses are a special category of sunglasses. They are intended for drivers, fans of water and winter sports. In addition to ultraviolet radiation, glasses of this type can also protect your eyes from glare on the surface of a wet road, on snow and on water. They are best chosen for a trip to a seaside resort or to snow-covered mountains. They almost completely neutralize glare from reflective surfaces, which irritates the eyes.
Glasses with a “mask” can help protect yourself from overhead light and still clearly see the car’s dashboard. Only the top part of the lens is darkened.

Glass or plastic: how to choose the right sunglasses?

Sunglass lenses can be glass or plastic.

Any glass lens is capable of retaining ultraviolet rays to one degree or another. They actually protect your eyes. However, glasses with lenses made of glass are considered very unsafe, because They can easily break and damage your eyes. For fans of an energetic lifestyle, glasses of this type are not suitable. Also, they are much heavier than plastic ones, and they fog up even faster and more. Children should not buy these glasses!

If, for example, you decide to purchase glasses with lenses made of glass, then it is suggested that you choose unbreakable glass.

Plastic lenses are made from polycarbonate or sheet acrylic. They are not easy to break, and plastic shards are much safer. But plastic scratches much easier than glass. Because of this, these types of glasses should be stored in a case. As for the level of protection from bad ultraviolet radiation, only really good plastic glasses can provide it. These types of glasses are expensive. And inexpensive plastic lenses can even cause great harm to your eyes. The darkening from them deceives the pupil, and it does not narrow. At the same time, the load on the eyes becomes much greater, which leads to weakened vision.

It is suggested to purchase sunglasses exclusively in special stores. At the same time, you need to study their labels well to avoid counterfeits. The high quality of the glasses is indicated by the inscription “UV-PROTECTION”, made on the inside of one of the arms. Good glasses should protect against rays of both types and B. Moreover, the quality of glasses can also be assessed by their frame. A decent plastic or iron frame should firmly hold the lenses. Check that there are no bends, burrs or sagging on it. In addition, it must be quite heavy.

Which color should I choose?

When choosing sunglasses, the color of the lenses must also be given importance. There are many colors available, but not all of them are equally beneficial for our eyes.

It is believed that yellow lenses create a cheerful, cheerful mood. This warm color is pleasing to the eye.

Blue color, on the contrary, presents everything in a sad light. Moreover, wearing such glasses is extremely harmful to the eyes, because They activate pupil enlargement. This leads to damage to the lens.

Red color is considered annoying and scary. Seeing everything in a rosy light is not very helpful. It has been proven that the red spectrum changes the surrounding range of colors. A person wearing such glasses may even lose orientation in space. Doctors warn that you can only wear rose-colored glasses for no more than 2 hours a day.

It is worth noting that a person wearing colored glasses gets tired faster. In addition, it is necessary to mention car enthusiasts. Red-tinted lenses will distort the green color of the traffic light, greenish ones will distort the red color. Very dark glasses make it difficult to clearly see the instrument panel and the road. The original painting of the world around us scatters attention and distracts.

There are also photochromic lenses with silver, which are called “chameleons”. They become dark slowly as the brightness of the light increases. This way they provide the most gentle eye protection, because The load on them is reduced.

Nearsighted or farsighted people are encouraged to purchase sunglasses with diopters. To do this, you need to easily get a prescription for glasses from an ophthalmologist and go to a good optical store.

Creator: Sofia Vereshchagina
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Today, most models are produced with plastic lenses. True, there is still an opinion that glass lenses better protect the eyes from the sun. Firstly, this is not entirely true - plastic prevents the penetration of ultraviolet rays no worse.
Secondly, plastic lenses have a number of advantages: lightness, safety, variety of shapes and the possibility of applying additional coating. Glasses with glass lenses are unsafe - they can easily break and damage the eyes, so they are not recommended for those who lead an active lifestyle.

Lenses

In addition to glasses with conventional protective lenses, today you can find a lot of models with additional coating. For example, motorists should take a closer look at sunglasses with a polarized coating - it improves contrast and protects against blinding glare. Photochromic lenses (chameleons), depending on the degree of illumination, can change their shade from light to dark, thereby providing more reliable protection from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Mirror-coated lenses have better darkening properties than regular lenses and also deflect heat rays. Goggles with mirrored lenses are ideal for skiing and swimming.

Lens color

When choosing quality sunglasses, you should also pay attention to such a factor as the color of the lenses. The best option is glasses with gray and brown lenses. Gray color allows you to perceive the world around you naturally, while brown color provides excellent contrast. Drivers are recommended to choose glasses with yellow lenses - they relieve eye strain and improve the perception of the surrounding space. Green lenses provide good contrast and more reliable protection from ultraviolet and infrared rays. Orange color neutralizes the glare of bright light at night. But glasses with blue and violet lenses are best avoided. The fact is that these shades slow down motor skills and the pace of thinking. Wearing such glasses for a long time may cause headaches, irritability and fatigue.

Form

The shape of the lenses must be selected based on individual perception characteristics. For example, some people are more comfortable wearing glasses with flat lenses, while others, on the contrary, are more suited to convex lenses. In any case, if during fitting you feel even the slightest discomfort, then you should discard this model of glasses.

Frame

When choosing sunglasses, the material from which the frames are made deserves special attention. After all, not only the weight, strength and appearance of the glasses, but also allergic properties will depend on this. Your skin may react negatively if it comes into contact with nickel, which is often used in many alloys. Hypoallergenic materials include gold, silver, titanium and stainless steel. Also, do not forget to evaluate the mobility of the nose pads. If they are too hard, there will be strong pressure on the bridge of the nose, which in turn will cause discomfort and lead to rapid fatigue. The same applies to the temples - they should not put pressure on the area behind the ear and temples.

Marking

The most important parameter when choosing sunglasses is the UV protection factor. The “UV-400” label means that the glasses provide complete UV protection. True, this inscription may not exist, since this level of protection is provided for by manufacturing standards. The CE mark must be present on the temple of the glasses - it is designated by numbers from 0 to 5, depending on how much sunlight the lenses transmit. The zero and first categories include the so-called image glasses. The second category is suitable for protection from sunlight in urban environments. With glasses of the third category you can safely go to the beach, and with glasses of the fourth category you can go to the mountains covered with snow.

Where to buy

When going shopping for such an important accessory as sunglasses, you must remember that a good model cannot cost less than 5,000 rubles. Cheap fakes, which are sold on portable market stalls and in underground passages, not only break quickly, but also harm the eyes. This is why you should only buy glasses in specialized optical stores!

Main rules

1. When choosing sunglasses, pay attention to the ultraviolet transmittance of the lenses. On glasses that do not transmit ultraviolet radiation, there must be a mark of 400 nanometers (UV-400).
2. Glass glasses lenses will last longer than plastic ones and will better protect you from the sun's rays. But if it breaks, glass particles can get into your eye and cause injury.
3. If suddenly the glasses cause you even the slightest doubt, you should not take such glasses.
4. Never buy glasses without trying them on. You should not experience discomfort when wearing them in the future.

IMPORTANT: Do not wear glasses in the dark, as in the dark the pupils constantly dilate, as a result of which the outflow of intraocular fluid is disrupted.

Don’t buy glasses in markets and in passages, that’s where they most likely sell fakes! They can be distinguished from the original by their name - errors are also possible due to various minor defects and “sloppiness” on the glasses themselves.

Spring has finally arrived, and now many, many warm, joyful and sunny days await us. At least, I would like to hope that the sun will shine often - after all, we have been dreaming about this all long winter! However, today's sun is not only warmth and light, it is also aggressive radiation that affects our skin, hair and the entire body.

And most of all, on sunny summer days, the eyes suffer if you do not protect them from bright, dazzling and even scorching rays, especially in large cities, where heat and light are reflected from glass, asphalt, metal, concrete and other materials used by man to create a civilized life.

Meanwhile, eyes are not only vision and beauty, they are what reflects our inner world, the “mirror of the soul,” as ancient philosophers said. And of course, in the summer your eyes should be protected, and the simplest solution is to buy sunglasses.

In fact, glasses have long become an almost necessary accessory for a modern person, but if glasses with diopters require a serious attitude, a visit to the doctor and individual selection, then the attitude towards sunglasses is different. Often we buy and wear such glasses without thinking about whether they are suitable for us or not, and how they will affect our vision, well-being and health.

What are sunglasses for, when should you wear sunglasses

What are sunglasses for? As their name suggests, they are used to protect the eyes from the sun, but many people wear them just for the sake of it, like on a tie, watch or handbag. Such people wear glasses not only on a sunny day, but also in cloudy weather, at dusk, on the beach, in shops, at a party and at business meetings - they are simply accustomed to hiding their eyes behind them.

Meanwhile, the need for sunglasses does not arise very often when the lighting is really very bright - for example, in the summer on the beach or in the city, as well as in certain climatic conditions - in the desert or, conversely, where there is a lot of white snow and the sun is shining . Drivers going on a long trip also need to have sunglasses, as the bright reflection of light from the road can lead to accidents.

If you wear glasses all the time, photophobia may occur - fear of light, and then even completely normal lighting will be unacceptable for a person and will cause discomfort and pain in the eyes.

So it’s still worth listening to the recommendations of doctors, and they recommend not wearing dark glasses unless absolutely necessary, choosing them correctly and, in general, whenever possible, accustoming your eyes to light, because nature itself has provided protective mechanisms for the eyes.

You should not wear dark glasses on public transport, in the evening or on cloudy days, as our eyes need the soft rays of the sun. If on a cloudy day you limit the access of daylight to the eyes, the pupils constantly dilate, and this can lead to visual impairment, and then, after 40 years, to glaucoma.

How to choose sunglasses?

However, you still need sunglasses, and it is better to choose them with the help of an ophthalmologist who can determine the individual characteristics of your vision.

Remember that the main function of sunglasses is not decorative, but protective, although of course they should have a sleek and modern design. According to the degree of protection against ultraviolet radiation, glasses can be divided into 5 categories.

The weakest protection is category zero, and such glasses transmit up to 80-100% of visible light. The higher the category, the stronger the protection: the first transmits from 43 to 80% of light, the second - from 18 to 43%, the third - from 8 to 18%, and the fourth - only from 3 to 8%. Today, different glasses are produced, with various additional coatings: photochromic, water-repellent, anti-reflective, hardened, etc. Good sunglasses must meet at least three basic parameters:

• First of all, they should provide comfort to the eyes in bright sunshine, reducing visible light - the sun should not be blinding. The color and contrast of the image should be preserved, vision should remain clear, but there should be no optical distortion.
• The next requirement is safety. The invisible ultraviolet part of the sun's color must be completely absorbed by sunglasses, otherwise diseases that ophthalmologists call sun-dependent diseases may occur: photoretinitis - retinal burn, corneal opacification, cataracts, etc. These diseases do not appear immediately, but make themselves felt over time, and then you have to undergo serious treatment.
• And of course, sunglasses should match your image, individual characteristics, be fashionable, beautiful and not cheap. Of course, it is not necessary to choose expensive glasses, but it is worth considering all the requirements for them.

Lovers of colored glass should remember that the predominance of one color in the usual range can lead to rapid fatigue with all the ensuing consequences. Recently, dyes for polymer lenses have become very widely used in Russia, and there are dozens of colors and shades. How should we perceive this?

Just as a fashion that has nothing to do with the health and preservation of vision, and is more likely to cause harm than to protect the eyes.

Do not match sunglasses to the color of your hair, clothes or accessories, or the color of the lenses to the color of the frame - this is completely wrong, and can not only aggravate vision problems, but also cause the development of mental illness.

Imagine how an easily excitable person will feel if he always looks at the world through rose-colored glasses? The main criteria when choosing sunglasses should remain protection, safety and comfort - otherwise it is better not to wear them at all.

The density of the glass filter also depends not only on the degree of darkness, but also on the color. Green or gray lenses do not distort color perception, yellow ones are good in cloudy weather, mirror lenses that reflect light are good by the sea or in the mountains.

What material is optimal for making lenses? Experts consider mineral glass to be the best material, since it does not distort visual perception and at the same time provides maximum protection to the eyes. This glass is made from natural quartz sand with additives, and its properties do not change over time.

Plastic lenses with acrylic coating also protect your eyes well; They are light, almost weightless, but they are vulnerable and easy to scratch.

There are also more expensive and durable lenses, such as nylon, which provides better flexibility, or polycarbonate, which does not break or crumble - such lenses are often used in sports glasses.

Photochromic lenses, also called “chameleons,” are very convenient. The principle of their action is known to everyone: they darken in the sun, but become transparent indoors. There are even photochromic lenses designed specifically for drivers - DriveWear.

Dark glasses were introduced to the general public in America in the 1930s. Before this, they were used exclusively by pilots. Initially they were called “anti-glare safety” glasses, but after some time they were dubbed “exorcist ray” glasses, that is, Ray Ban. And soon the glasses began to enjoy enormous popularity not only among military pilots, but also among the civilian population. Initially, the glasses had a strict teardrop shape. And this was not a whim of the designers there, but an absolutely scientific approach. It is this form of glasses that corresponds to the objective visual field of the human eye. Now, of course, sunglasses do not comply with such parameters. They have become an accessory, a fashionable element of fashion, a style-forming link. So why do you still need to wear sunglasses? What are they protecting us from?

1. From the sun

The blinding sun shining in our eyes is simply unpleasant, which is why we wear glasses. Some people can't go outside without them. Someone complains that they can’t see anything, someone has tears running from their eyes, someone sneezes. Everyone has their own wisdom. Well, there are people who can do fine without this accessory.
Looking at the sun, or even being outside in sunny weather, we instinctively squint and wince. And this leads to the formation of premature wrinkles, not only around the eyes, but throughout the entire face.

2. From snow

Goggles protect against bright light coming from the snow. Sometimes the whiteness of the snow reaches such strength that we cannot calmly look at the objects around us, and even more so at the snow. The fact is that snow has good reflectivity. And its whiteness itself and this property greatly impairs our vision. The resulting glare, due to the sunlight refracted in a special way, also blinds us.
Goggles are indispensable when skiing and practicing other winter sports, especially if it involves high speeds. Reflected light from snow or ice is a direct threat to ski racers. Glare is also dangerous when driving on winter roads, when the roadsides are buried in snowy whiteness.

3. From ultraviolet rays

It is known that with prolonged and constant exposure to the sun, ultraviolet rays can damage the cornea of ​​the eye. This in turn leads to cataracts or, in some cases, to degeneration of the retina at the molecular level. As people age, most people develop eye cataracts to one degree or another, and exposure to sunlight accelerates this process. By the way, UV rays in excess also lead to the formation of wrinkles.

4. From wind and dust

Sunglasses are an excellent barrier against wind, dust and debris that flies into our eyes. And if you wear contact lenses, this prevents them from drying out, getting dirty, and getting germs into them. After all, small particles of debris in gases or lenses are not only inconvenient, but also not hygienic.

5. For eye fatigue and headaches

Our pupil is designed in such a way that it can control the light that reaches the retina at the back of our eye. In dim lighting, our pupils instinctively dilate and let in a little more light. And in bright light, the pupil contracts so that strong light does not reach us. But under “dazzling” light conditions, the pupils are physiologically unable to contract sufficiently. Therefore, the illumination does not decrease to, let’s say, a comfortable level. We squint, and this, in fact, is an attempt to further reduce the flow of light entering the eyes, and, as a result, into the brain. After all, it is there that the processing of contraction and decompression of the pupils, the entry and loss of light occurs. The constant narrowing of our pupils and their squinting can lead to eye fatigue and headaches. Sunglasses reduce the amount of light reaching your eyes. This increases the feeling of comfort and reduces the painful effects of “side” fatigue.

6. From poor vision

Our eyes need to receive a certain “dose” of light. If they constantly have too much or too little light, this can worsen their vision. Maybe not immediately, but in a few years. Too much light is just as bad as too little. But excessive glare, which occurs in the summer and spring, causes something like “fading” of the retina. And this leads to a decrease in visual acuity. High quality glasses will provide you with the best protection against these injuries. Of course, ordinary cheap plastic will not solve this problem. And original, genuine glasses from well-known companies, which are famous for their excellent optical clarity, will help preserve your vision.

7. From the picky looks of fashionistas

Glasses are the primary accessory that reflects your uniqueness. Well-chosen sunglasses can add a special touch to your look. They will be the main accent of your style if there are no other ways to attract attention. If previously it was believed that a woman’s hairstyle and shoes “make” her image, then in our time this can safely be said about glasses.

Why do you need sunglasses?

Contrary to popular belief, sunglasses are glasses designed primarily to perform two main functions: to save the eyes from bright light and protect them from ultraviolet radiation, and only then as a fashionable and stylish accessory.

The choice of sunglasses must be treated extremely carefully and responsibly, because otherwise the consequences can be fatal - from fatigue, dizziness and even eye diseases and loss of vision.

Why? It's simple. If you walk without sunglasses and the bright sun is shining, then you involuntarily close your eyes - this is a natural protective reaction of the eyes so as not to let in ultraviolet radiation.

And if you walk in darkened glasses that do not have filters and do not protect your eyes from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation, then the pupils dilate and ultraviolet radiation freely enters the retina of the eyes, simultaneously irradiating it.

How to choose quality sunglasses

It sounds trivial, but you need to buy high-quality and branded glasses in specialized stores or optical shops - they vouch for the quality of the item you purchased, and the item itself promises to be reliable. There you can check the quality of glasses using special instruments.

During frequent exposure to the sun with correct and working glasses, the area around the eyes will remain lighter - this means that the lenses of the glasses fulfill all the promises made by the manufacturer and protect the eyes from harmful radiation.

Always look at what is indicated in the passport that comes with branded glasses - there should be a serial number of the model, its name, country of manufacture, care instructions, and also indicate the category of the UV filter, that is, how well your eyes will be protected from radiation . UV filter is the degree of protection against ultraviolet rays. For complete eye protection it should be at least 70%.

When choosing sunglasses, you must pay attention to the protective filter category (Cat.), which is indicated on the inside of the temple of the glasses. It is this feature of glasses that characterizes the ability of the lens to protect the eyes from visible sunlight. There are 5 categories in total:

• Cat.0 is a light lens that is completely useless and does not protect against ultraviolet radiation;
• Cat.1 - slight darkness and is suitable for protection only on a cloudy day;
• Cat.2 - average degree of darkness, which is applicable only in conditions of not very bright sun;
• Cat.3 is a fairly dark lens that is ideal for relaxing at sea, in the mountains and for everyday life;
• Cat.4 is the highest degree of protection, which practically does not transmit light. These are special glasses and it is better not to wear them in everyday life, and not to drive a car.

Most branded glasses are sold complete with a case and a microfiber cloth.

Very often, potential buyers and experts argue about which lenses are better: glass or plastic. But ophthalmologists have long been unanimous on this issue - both materials are equally good, modern plastic is in no way inferior to glass in terms of protective functions, but such glasses are much lighter and less dangerous.

When choosing sunglasses, remember one rule: it is most comfortable for your eyes to look through glasses in shades of gray, green or brown. This minimizes eye fatigue.

Hold the glasses in your hands and check the quality of the chosen glasses - all the screws and bolts should be firmly secured, the temples should not be loose or too rigid.

Remember that glasses should not distort the real colors of objects.

The following are especially relevant for drivers:

1. polarized glasses (as they protect against glare and bright direct light);
2. graduated (dark top and light bottom - such glasses do not obstruct vision, but provide excellent protection from sunlight).

Fans of relaxing on the beach and in the mountains should pay attention to mirrored glasses - they do not heat up in the sun and perfectly reflect sunlight.

The irony about large glasses is very often inappropriate, because glasses with large glasses are the most correct and reliable - they protect not only the eyes, but also the delicate skin around the eyes from premature aging.

Sunglasses and Face Shape

When choosing glasses, focus on your face shape. Experts identify 4 forms and now we will tell you which sunglasses will suit which face. However, remember that everything is very individual. The following statements apply to both women and men.

Round face

If you have a round face, then it is better for you to look at square frames and avoid round shapes. ​

Oval face

People with an oval face shape can choose any glasses - they are the lucky ones on whom all glasses look good. However, this does not negate the importance of fitting - after all, the glasses still need to “sit” on the bridge of the nose.

Triangular face

People with this face shape can safely buy cat-eye glasses or any round frames.

Square face

Those with a square face shape should pay attention to glasses with round or oval shapes.

We hope that our tips will help you easily choose such a difficult accessory as sunglasses, and discounts from the PromKod.ru website will come in handy, because it is with the help of promotional codes and promotions that you can purchase a quality product at a reasonable price.