Medical acne treatment. Treatment of acne with tablets - which are the most effective for acne? Doxycycline as an antibiotic to combat facial acne

Skin problems bother many people of all ages. A common disease is acne. It is expressed in the presence of rashes and inflammatory elements on the skin.

The occurrence of acne is due to various reasons and has a specific development mechanism. Treatment is carried out in several ways, taking into account all factors and individual characteristics of the body.

Acne is an inflammatory skin disease. It appears in the form of acne, pimples, comedones and purulent formations. The rashes spread over various parts of the face, but most often in the T-zone.

The forehead, nose and chin are most susceptible to the appearance of oily shine, and, accordingly, the appearance of inflammation.

Reasons for appearance

The condition of the skin can be used to judge a person's health. The presence of inflammatory elements indicates diseases and disorders in the body. Another factor influencing the appearance of acne is inadequate or irregular cleansing and the use of low-quality cosmetics.

Acne appears for the following reasons:

• excessive activity of the sebaceous glands;
• enlarged pores;
• epithelial keratosis inside the follicle;
• hormonal imbalances;
• puberty;
• premenstrual period;
• imbalance of the autonomic nervous system;
• changes in the composition of sebum;
• stress, depression, anxiety, anxiety;
• decline in immunity;
• heredity;
• using cosmetics that are not suitable for your skin type;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland;
• lack of vitamins in the body;
• excessive exposure to the sun and excessive visits to the solarium;
• high humidity and hot climate;
• skin dehydration;
• improper or unbalanced diet;
• alcohol and smoking abuse.

Development mechanism - 4 factors

Acne is the result of certain disturbances in the functioning of the body. There are 4 factors that cause skin problems:

1. Excessive secretion of sebum with a subsequent decrease in its bactericidal properties and changes in composition.
2. Thickening of the stratum corneum of the skin inside the hair follicles. The result is a blockage of a protein called keratin. This is how the body reacts to local irritation.
3. Active proliferation of propionobacteria acne due to the formation of sebaceous-horn plugs.
4. Inflammation as a reaction to the activity of microorganisms.

Types of inflammation on the skin

There are several types of skin inflammation:

• Acne is the result of blocked sebaceous ducts.
• Acne is an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles with the subsequent formation of blackheads and nodules.
• Papules are subcutaneous inflammatory elements. They occur when secretions accumulate in the comedone, followed by tissue compression. As a rule, it comes to the formation of pus. In some cases they resolve before this point.
• Pustules are a rash in the form of small balls with purulent contents.
• Nodules are a type of papule. They have a purple tint and reach several centimeters in diameter.
• Cysts are large inflammatory elements with purulent filling. Leave marks in the form of scars, pigmentation, spots and enlarged pores;
• Comedones are plugs in the ducts of the sebaceous glands. They arise due to the accumulation or blockage of the mouths of the hair follicles by sebum. They are whiteheads (closed comedones) and blackheads (open comedones).

Inflammatory, non-inflammatory and post-inflammatory forms of acne

Each form of acne has its own distinctive features:

• non-inflammatory - closed comedones, open comedones, nodules;
• inflammatory - follicular papules, pustules, nodes, draining sinuses;
• post-inflammatory - cysts, scars (atrophic, hypertrophic, keloid), spots (vascular, hyperpigmented, hypopigmented).

Classification by age

At every age, certain types of acne occur. There is the following classification:

• Newborn acne in the form of closed comedones. The reason for its appearance is the entry of maternal sex hormones into the baby’s blood. It goes away without a trace after a few weeks if you follow the rules of hygiene.
• Infant acne in the form of papules and inflammatory elements. The reason for its appearance is an excess of testosterone levels in plasma.
• Teenage and youthful acne in the form of papules and pustules with purulent contents. The reason for its appearance is puberty.
• Adult (later) acne occurs in men and women after 30 years of age. The reason for the appearance is the presence of serious diseases, including hormonal ones.

Four degrees

The degree is determined by the external signs of the disease. The number of comedones and various inflammatory elements is taken into account. There are 4 degrees in total:

1. Easy. Up to 10 blackheads and comedones.
2. Average. From 10 to 30 comedones and papules with purulent contents.
3. Heavy. A large number of comedones, several dozen papules and a small number of pustules.
4. Very heavy. The skin is affected by papules and pustules. There are more than 5 knots. I am worried about pain.

Types of treatment depending on the type of acne

Acne treatment is selected after preliminary determination of the type of inflammatory elements. Carried out under the supervision of a specialist.

Only - acne open and closed

Treatment is based on the use of retinoids, Azelaic acid or salicylic acid. To achieve the best result, additional medications may be prescribed.

Mixed form - acne and pimples

One of the following complexes is prescribed:

• retinoid and benzene peroxide;
• retinoid and antibiotic;
• retinode, benzene peroxide and antibiotic;
• azelaic acid and benzene peroxide;
• azelaic acid and antibiotic.

If the effect is mild, a retinoid and an oral antibiotic are additionally prescribed.

Only acne

Treatment is based on the use of a drug with benzene peroxide. If the effect is insufficient, other means are prescribed:

• antibiotic gel;
• a combination drug of benzoyl peroxide and antibiotic.

If the desired result is not obtained, an additional course of oral antibiotic is prescribed.

Cystic and nodular forms of acne

To treat such forms, oral antibiotics are used. Additionally, one of the complexes of drugs is used to combat mixed forms of acne.

If the result is weak, isotretinoin may be prescribed for internal use. But only in the absence of contraindications. If this remedy does not help, hormonal therapy is considered by an endocrinologist.

Folk remedies for the treatment of acne on the face

Traditional methods have proven effective in the fight against acne. Natural remedies help relieve inflammation and reduce the number of rashes.

Homemade cosmetics can be stored in the refrigerator for no more than 30 days. Immediately after cooking, place in a dark container with a tight-fitting lid.

Masks

They soothe inflammation, relieve redness and have a drying effect. After use, be sure to moisturize the skin.

• Clay.

Take 2 tbsp. l. black clay. Dilute with chamomile or calendula decoction to a mushy consistency. Apply to face and leave for 10-15 minutes. Repeat 2 times a week.

• Oatmeal.

Take 2 tbsp. l. crushed oatmeal flakes. Mix with 1 tbsp. l. kefir. Leave for five minutes. Apply to skin and leave for 10 minutes. Repeat 2-3 times a week.

• Tomato.

Peel the tomato and mash thoroughly with a fork. Add 1 tsp. soda Apply to skin and leave for 20-25 minutes. Repeat once a week.

Ointments

Used as the main treatment for acne. Apply morning and evening or once a day.

• Take 3 tbsp. l. olive oil, 1 tbsp. l. shea butter and 2 tsp. beeswax. Melt in a water bath. Add 2 capsules of vitamin E and lecithin to the tip of a knife. Mix 1 tbsp. l. rose water and 1 tbsp. l. aloe juice Pour into the butter mixture and stir.
• Pour 100 ml. boiling water 2 tsp. dry chamomile leaves and 1 tbsp. l. birch buds. Cool. Melt 1 tsp in a water bath. beeswax and 1 tbsp. l. olive oil. Add 3 drops of vitamin A, 1 tbsp. l. butter and strained herbal decoction. Leave on the stove for a minute, stirring constantly. Remove from heat and cool.
• Mix 1 tbsp. l. honey, 1-2 drops of iodine, 1 tsp. Vaseline and 1 tbsp. l. castor oil.

Lotions

Cleanse the skin and help relieve inflammation. They have a tonic effect. To achieve good results, apply daily morning and evening.

• Pour 1 tbsp. l. dry wormwood with a glass of boiling water. Leave for half an hour. Strain. Add 30 ml. freshly squeezed viburnum juice and 1 tsp. salt.
• Mix ½ cup of rose water, a quarter cup of still mineral water, 1 tsp. apple cider vinegar, ½ tbsp. l. sweet almond oil, 5 drops tea tree oil, 2 drops lavender oil. Leave for 4 days. Shake before use.
• Take 1 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar, 1 tbsp. l. water, 5 drops each of geranium, palmarosa and tea tree essential oils, 1-2 ml. polysorbate 80. Mix and leave for 2 weeks. Shake before use.

Tinctures

They have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect.

• Take 1 tsp. St. John's wort, wormwood and hops. Pour 250 ml. boiling water, cover and cool. Strain the broth and add half a glass of vodka and 2 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar. Wipe your face 2 times a day, moving along the massage lines. Rinse off 15 minutes after application.
• Hold the onion over steam for 5-10 minutes and squeeze out the juice. Mix onion juice and calendula in a 1:1 ratio. Apply to a cotton pad and apply to the skin. Leave on for 10 minutes, then rinse off. Repeat 3 times a day.
• Mix alcohol tincture of propolis and water in a 1:1 ratio. Wipe your face daily before going to bed.

What medications are suitable for treating acne

Drug treatment is another acne treatment option. Special products can be purchased at the pharmacy. However, many of them have contraindications, so it is recommended to consult a specialist.

Pills: hormones or antibiotics?

Prescribed by the attending physician after a preliminary examination. It is necessary to correctly determine the type of inflammation, the degree of acne and the form of the disease. The dosage is selected individually.

The following types of tablets are most often prescribed for the treatment of acne:

• Antibiotics - erythromycin, levomycin, metronidazole, tetracycline, doxycycline and others.

Each drug has a whole range of contraindications. For example, pregnancy, breastfeeding, individual intolerance to the components of the composition.

• Hormonal - Jess, Yarina, Janine, Diane, Median and others.

They have contraindications such as pregnancy, breastfeeding, individual intolerance, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys and others.

• Retinoids. Roaccutane is considered the most popular drug in this group.

The drug has many contraindications and side effects, so it is prescribed only after examination. It has such contraindications as children under 12 years of age, pregnancy, planning pregnancy, breastfeeding, hypervitaminosis A, individual intolerance and others.

Creams

Used to treat acne at different stages. The most popular drugs:

• Bepanten is a universal remedy for skin treatment.

Helps not only relieve inflammation, but also eliminate irritation, dryness and flaking. Contraindication: hypersensitivity to the components of the composition.

• Boro Plus is a cream for the treatment of acne and post-acne.

Accelerates regeneration and has an antiseptic effect. Contraindication - individual intolerance to the components of the composition.

• Levomekol is a remedy for the treatment of ulcers.

Relieves inflammation and swelling, draws pus to the surface. With prolonged use, addiction occurs. Contraindication - allergy to chloramphenicol, methyluracil, ethylene glycol.

Gels

They are considered an alternative to creams and ointments. They have a light texture, so they are quickly absorbed and do not leave any grease on the skin. The following drugs help in the treatment of acne:

• Effezel is a gel for the treatment of acne at different stages.

Has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. Contraindication - hypersensitivity to any component of the composition.

• Dalatsin is a universal gel for the treatment of various types of acne.

Used in courses of no more than 5 weeks. Used only as prescribed by a specialist in the absence of contraindications.

• Metrogyl is a gel for the treatment and prevention of rashes.

Often prescribed in combination with other drugs. Has various contraindications. For example, age up to 12 years, pregnancy, lactation and others.

Vitamins

Help speed up the acne treatment process. However, in case of overdose, a reverse reaction is possible. The following vitamins are used:

• retinol (A);
• tocopherol (E);
• L-isomer of ascorbic acid (C);
• niacin (nicotinic acid, PP);
• B vitamins.

Ointments

They vary by type. Anti-inflammatory agents are popular. They have antiseptic and bactericidal properties. They are characterized by low cost, minimal number of contraindications and high efficiency. Zinc, sulfur, heparin and ichthyol ointments have proven themselves well.

Antimicrobial agents are also in demand. Such ointments inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and prevent the spread of infection. Among them are Skinoren, Kuriosin, Cynovit.

These drugs are used exclusively in courses and have contraindications.

Another type is hormonal ointments. Used only as prescribed by a doctor. The effect is achieved in a short time, however, addiction occurs just as quickly with a subsequent decrease in effectiveness. Advantan, Sinaflan, and Fluorocort are used to treat acne.

Salon treatments for treatment

Modern cosmetology offers a number of procedures to treat problem skin. The most popular are:

• Mesotherapy - injections of therapeutic meso-cocktails.

The composition is selected individually. Antibacterial and restorative substances, as well as vitamins, are used.

• Ozone therapy - ozone injections.

Injection of a mixture of gases - ozone and oxygen - under the skin. It has an antimicrobial, sebum-regulating and healing effect.

• Peeling - removal of the stratum corneum of the skin.

In the fight for clear skin, chemical, glycolic and multi-acid peels are used.

• Magnetotherapy is the effect of various magnetic fields on the body.

Promotes the resorption of nodules and ulcers. Helps eliminate acne and scars.

• Darsonvalization is the effect of alternating pulse currents of high voltage and frequency.

Has anti-inflammatory and sebum-regulating effects. Promotes narrowing of pores, healing of scars, scars and post-acne.

Recommendations from a dermatologist for acne treatment can be found in the video.

Acne treatment at home

Caring for problem skin at home will be effective if you follow the following rules:

• regular skin cleansing morning and evening;
• treatment of problem areas with tinctures, ointments, gels and other anti-inflammatory agents;
• selection of a daily complex, including cleanser, toner and cream according to skin type;
• additional care in the form of masks.

How to fight acne with diet

Acne is often associated with poor diet. It is worth reviewing your diet and including foods that contain:

• fiber - fruits and vegetables;
• proteins - lean meats, fish, poultry, seafood, dairy and fermented milk products;
• vitamin A - spinach, carrots, cucumbers, black currants, apricots, sorrel, olive oil, beef liver;
• vitamin E - pistachios, almonds, peanuts, walnuts;
• vitamin B - buckwheat, wheat cereal, legumes, cabbage, cheeses;
• omega acids - fish oil, flax seeds;
• zinc - stewed beef, asparagus, liver, bran.

Some foods will have to be excluded from the diet. Otherwise, the diet will not give the desired result.

Blacklist:

• bakery products made from fine flour;
• fast food;
• sweets;
• hot, salty, spicy;
• fatty foods;
• smoked meats;
• canned food;
• fatty meat and lard;
• carbonated drinks;
• strong tea and coffee;
• alcohol.

Regular cleansing is the key to clean and healthy skin. However, the procedures must be carried out correctly. While washing, you need to make gentle massage movements with the pads. It is advisable to foam the cleanser in your hands in advance. Brushes and hard sponges can damage the skin and spread infection, so you will have to discard them.

It is better to wipe your face with disposable paper napkins without dyes or fragrances. You can also have a separate face towel, if you can change it to a clean one every 2-3 days.

After cleansing, try to wipe your face with a cotton pad moistened with tonic. It is advisable to use a product with an anti-inflammatory complex. It is worth considering that the cream will be absorbed better if you apply it to slightly damp skin from the tonic. The active components will penetrate into the deep layers of the epidermis along with water.

How to get rid of acne marks on your face

After acne treatment, marks remain on the skin. Among folk methods, parsley decoction is popular.

The plant is famous for its whitening properties, so it helps to quickly get rid of post-acne.

You can also try pharmaceutical products:

• Panthenol;
• Contactubex;
• Rescuer;
• salicylic alcohol;
• hydrogen peroxide;
• sulfur ointment.

Preventive measures to prevent acne

Any remedy gives a temporary effect in the absence of proper care. Recurrence of acne can be avoided if you continue to monitor your skin after completing therapy. This will help:

• application of cosmetics according to skin type;
• using cream for acne-prone skin;
• using acne masks 1-2 times a week;
• change the pillowcase every 2-3 days;
• providing a separate towel for the face;
• undergoing routine examinations to monitor health status;
• selection of cosmetics without artificial colors and flavors;
• diet;
• refusal of hats made of synthetic materials.

You need to be prepared that fighting acne is a long process. It is necessary to identify the cause and choose the right treatment. This will require a medical examination and consultation with a dermatologist. Following diet and hygiene rules will help speed up the skin restoration process.

Creams and ointments may contain various components that have a positive effect on the skin, and may also have antibacterial, wound-healing and other beneficial effects. Due to their availability and ease of use, creams and ointments are the drugs of choice for the treatment of mild or moderate acne, and are also part of complex therapy for more severe forms of the disease.

It is important to note that before applying any creams or ointments, the skin should be thoroughly rinsed with clean water and allowed to dry. During the entire treatment period, it is not recommended to apply cosmetics or other substances to the area where medications are used, as this may lead to the development of allergic and other adverse reactions.

Creams and ointments for acne treatment

Drug name	Mechanism of therapeutic action
Retinoic ointment (isotretinoin)	This drug has the ability to reduce the number of sebaceous glands and the rate of sebum formation in them, as a result of which the number of propionobacteria in the affected area also decreases ( due to the decrease in the amount of decomposing sebum, they lack “food”, as a result of which they die). In addition, the drug has anti-inflammatory and keratolytic effects ( promotes the separation of epidermal scales), and also stimulates regenerative ( restorative) processes in the skin.	Thin layer of ointment ( approximately 0.5 mm) apply to cleansed, dry skin 2 times a day ( in the morning and before bed). The course of treatment is 4 – 6 weeks.
Azelaic acid	Normalizes keratinization processes ( formation of horny scales) in the area of ​​the skin and hair follicles, thereby eliminating the prerequisites for blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands and the formation of acne. It also has an antibacterial effect against propionobacteria and Staphylococcus epidermidis.	The cream should be applied to cleansed skin 2 times a day ( morning and evening), lightly rubbing it into the affected areas for 2 – 3 minutes. The dose is selected in such a way that 2 - 2.5 cm of cream is needed to apply it to the entire surface of the face. The minimum course of treatment is 4 weeks.
Adapalene (differin)	This drug acts on the scales of the epidermis in the area of ​​the mouth of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands, promoting their “separation”. As a result, the likelihood of blockage of the sebaceous gland is reduced, and the process of removing already formed plugs is facilitated. In other words, the drug helps eliminate existing blackheads and prevents the development of new ones, and also has a certain antibacterial effect.	A thin layer of cream should be applied to clean, dry skin once a day ( before bed). The first signs of the drug's effectiveness may appear 4 to 6 weeks after the start of treatment. The course of treatment can last up to 3 months.
Sulfur ointment	It has an antibacterial effect, which is especially important for acne infections. It also normalizes keratinization processes in seborrhea.	The ointment should be applied to damaged areas of the skin once a day ( In the evening) within 7 – 10 days. After completing the course of treatment, bedding should be replaced, as traces of the drug may remain on it.

Acne lotions

The lotion is a water-alcohol solution that may contain various medications. The advantage of this form of prescribing medications is their inconspicuousness (after treating the skin, no traces of the drug remain on it, which can be observed when using creams or ointments) and accessibility (the drug can be used at any time and anywhere, for which it is enough to have only several cotton swabs).

Lotions for acne

Drug name	Mechanism of therapeutic action	Directions for use and dosage
Zenerite	The antibiotic erythromycin included in the drug is active against propionobacteria and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and zinc acetate reduces the activity of the sebaceous glands and reduces the amount of sebum produced.	The package with the drug contains two bottles and a box with an applicator. To prepare the drug, the contents of bottle A must be poured into bottle B and shaken thoroughly, then insert the applicator and screw on the cap tightly. The drug should be applied to cleansed skin 2 times a day ( morning and evening) within 2 – 3 months.
Klerasil	The effect of the drug is determined by the components included in its composition. Allantoin moisturizes the skin, has an anti-inflammatory effect and accelerates the restoration of damaged tissue. Aloe extract has an anti-inflammatory and restorative effect. Salicylic acid has an anti-inflammatory effect and “dries out” acne. In combination, all of the above effects contribute to deep cleansing of the skin.	The lotion is applied to problem areas of the skin 2 times a day ( morning and evening).

Acne patches

These patches can be effective for mild acne and are commonly used to remove blackheads. The working (skin-facing) surface of such a patch contains various viscous and softening substances, as well as antibacterial components.

This remedy must be used as follows. After thoroughly cleaning the skin of the face, the patch (pre-moistened with water) should be applied to the area of ​​​​the blackheads and lightly pressed with your fingers to the skin so that it sticks well. As a result of the action of active substances, the scales blocking the excretory duct of the sebaceous gland soften, and sebum is “pulled out” from it. After the patch has completely dried, it is separated, and along with it the sebum is removed, resulting in cleansed skin.

Facial peeling for acne

Peeling is a cosmetic procedure during which the upper layers of the epidermis and superficial blackheads are removed. This promotes “rejuvenation” and softening of the skin, enlarges the skin pores and facilitates access for other medications or cosmetics.

Peeling can be:

• Mechanical. In this case, the surface layer of the epidermis is removed using microbeads, crushed almond shells, sugar or salt crystals.
• Chemical. Various chemicals are used - salicylic, glycolic, malic or pyruvic acid.
• Biological. Various enzymes are used (papain, pepsin), which dissolve the surface layers of the epidermis and facilitate easier separation of the scales.
• Physical. In this case, the skin is exposed to extremely low temperatures, for which liquid nitrogen or dry ice is used. At the same time, the surface layers of the epidermis are “frozen” and separated, and the deep-lying skin cells begin to divide more actively, which accelerates the process of skin renewal.

Plasmolifting for acne

The essence of this method is as follows. In the first stage, a small amount of blood is taken from the patient's vein, which is placed in a test tube and centrifuged for several minutes. As a result of this, the blood is divided into two fractions - red blood cells (erythrocytes) accumulate in one part of the tube, and plasma and platelets (blood platelets that are responsible for stopping bleeding and also ensuring the strength and restoration of vascular walls) accumulate in the other. The platelet-rich plasma is drawn into a special syringe and injected under the patient's skin using a thin needle. This triggers the natural processes of regeneration, restoration and renewal of skin cells, which ultimately leads to cleansing and rejuvenation.

Since the injected plasma is taken from the patient himself, any allergic reactions during the procedure are practically excluded. However, there are a number of contraindications for this treatment method.

Plasmolifting is contraindicated:

• during pregnancy;
• in case of a violation of the blood coagulation system;
• in the presence of tumor diseases of the blood;
• with suppressed immunity (for example, with AIDS - acquired immunodeficiency syndrome);
• in the presence of purulent skin diseases in the area of ​​plasma injection (high probability of infection spreading).

Laser acne treatment

The essence of this method is the local (local) effect of a laser beam on damaged areas of the skin. This ray penetrates several millimeters deep into the skin, that is, it affects exactly the layer of skin in which the sebaceous glands are located.

The positive effects of laser treatment are:

• Destruction of cells responsible for the formation of sebum.
• Death of bacteria that provoke inflammation of acne elements.
• Improving microcirculation in the skin in the affected area, which accelerates the processes of healing and tissue restoration.
• Narrowing of skin pores.

The laser treatment procedure itself lasts 20–30 minutes and is absolutely safe and practically painless (during exposure to the laser beam, the patient may feel a slight tingling sensation on the skin). Visible improvements (reduction of inflammation in the affected areas) are noted after 2–3 procedures, however, for maximum effectiveness, 5–7 sessions should be performed (1–2 per week).

Laser treatment of acne is contraindicated:

• During pregnancy- especially in its first trimester, since laser exposure can negatively affect the process of formation of organs and tissues of the embryo.
• If you have tumors or precancerous skin diseases– laser exposure can provoke a more aggressive course of cancer.
• During the use of photosensitizing drugs– these products increase the skin’s sensitivity to various types of radiation, so the use of a laser can provoke various inflammatory or allergic reactions.
• If you have a fresh tan on your face– in this case, additional exposure to laser radiation can lead to skin damage or even the development of malignant neoplasms.

Mesotherapy for acne

The essence of mesotherapy is that various medications are injected into the middle layers of the patient’s skin using multiple microinjections (injections). The main advantage of this technique is that the drugs reach the site of their effect immediately, which leads to a faster and more complete development of the therapeutic effect. Using this method, various vitamins, minerals, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, as well as retinoids (drugs that inhibit the activity of the sebaceous glands) can be injected into the patient's skin.

The procedure itself is quite safe and virtually painless. Injections can be performed by a doctor manually or using special devices. When treating acne on the face, the first method is usually used, as it allows for more precise injections and more precise dosing of the drug. Special devices can be used to treat acne in the chest, back, neck or limbs. The needles used in mesotherapy are very thin, so they practically do not injure the skin, and the patient experiences minimal discomfort.

One procedure can last from 5 to 30 minutes (depending on the size of the affected skin area, as well as on the method of administration of the drug). The course of treatment includes 5 - 10 sessions, which are carried out every 1 - 2 weeks.

Mesotherapy is contraindicated:

• In the presence of purulent skin diseases in the affected area. In this case, there is a high probability of infection spreading to the deeper layers of the skin during the procedure.
• If you have a fever (body temperature rises above 38 degrees). In this case, you must first identify and eliminate the cause of the temperature increase, after which you can begin the procedure.
• In severe cases of diabetes mellitus. With this pathology, damage to small blood vessels and disruption of microcirculation in the skin occurs, which, in combination with mesotherapy, can lead to the development of adverse reactions.
• For severe arterial hypertension (high blood pressure). This pathology is also characterized by damage to small blood vessels.
• During pregnancy.

Phototreatment of acne

The principle of the method is to expose the skin in the affected area to light pulses with a special wavelength.

The mechanism of action of phototherapy is as follows. It has been scientifically proven that in more than 90% of cases, acne infection occurs with the direct participation of propionobacteria. These microorganisms, during their life processes, form a special pigment substance - porphyrin. Under normal conditions, porphyrin is harmless to the bacteria themselves, but when exposed to a light beam, it is activated and destroys the microorganism, thereby eliminating the source of infection and helping to subside the inflammatory phenomena in acne.

The phototherapy procedure itself is absolutely painless and safe. The patient lies down on the couch, a special protective bandage is applied to his eyes, after which a special device emitting light beams is applied to the affected area. One procedure can last from 3 to 7 - 10 minutes, and the entire course of treatment includes 7 - 10 sessions, performed 2 times a week. Noticeable improvements are observed after 1 – 2 procedures – the severity of inflammatory phenomena subsides, the skin acquires a normal color and becomes smoother.

Phototreatment of acne is contraindicated:

• during pregnancy;
• for oncological diseases of the blood;
• in the presence of tumors in the affected area.

Ozone therapy for acne

The essence of this method is to introduce an ozone-oxygen mixture into the skin around the acne elements. Ozone has the ability to suppress the activity of pathogenic microorganisms, improves microcirculation in the skin, has an anti-inflammatory effect and stimulates the natural protective mechanisms of the skin. Ozone also has a pronounced wound-healing effect, which allows you to eliminate acne with mild or moderate acne.

The procedure is safe and painless and takes no more than an hour. The entire course of treatment includes 6 - 8 procedures performed every other day, however, positive effects (disappearance of inflammatory phenomena and acne elements) can be observed after 2 - 3 sessions.

Ozone therapy is contraindicated:

• if you are allergic to ozone;
• for disorders of the blood coagulation system;
• in the presence of skin infections in the area of ​​ozone application;
• in the presence of fever (increase in body temperature more than 38 degrees).

Treating acne with contraceptives (birth control pills)

Some contraceptive drugs have antiandrogenic activity, that is, they block the action of androgens (male sex hormones). One of these drugs is Diene-35, which contains female sex hormones (estrogens) and cyproterone (an analogue of male sex hormones). The mechanism of action of this drug is that it blocks androgen receptors throughout the body, thereby eliminating their effects at the level of various tissues, including at the level of the sebaceous glands.

The drug is prescribed orally. Women should take 1 tablet daily for 21 days, starting on day 5 of the menstrual cycle. After this, you should take a seven-day break, and then repeat the treatment according to the same regimen. The full course of treatment can take from 2 to 4 months.

Men should take the drug in short courses (10 days each), with twenty-day breaks between them.

Antibiotics for acne

Antibacterial drugs can be included in products for external use (creams and ointments), and can also be used for systemic use (for severe forms of the disease, combined with acne infection).

Antibiotics for acne

Drug name	Mechanism of therapeutic action	Directions for use and dosage
Erythromycin	It binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of bacterial cells, making the process of protein formation in them impossible, which ultimately leads to a slowdown in cell division processes ( that is, the drug has a bacteriostatic effect).	Adults are prescribed 250–500 mg orally 2–4 times a day.
Clindamycin	Blocks the process of protein formation in bacterial cells, causing a bacteriostatic effect.	Adults and adolescents are prescribed 150–300 mg orally 3–4 times a day.
Doxycycline	Binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis in bacterial cells.	Orally 100 mg 1 time per day ( in 1 – 2 doses). The course of treatment is 1.5 – 3 months.
Metrogil	Damages the genetic apparatus of pathogenic microorganisms, which leads to their death ( that is, it has a bactericidal effect).	The drug should be taken orally during or immediately after meals. The dose and duration of treatment are determined by the doctor depending on the severity of acne.

Vitamins for acne

Vitamin therapy plays an important role in the treatment of acne. This is explained by the fact that some vitamins have a direct effect on the course of metabolic processes in the skin, and their deficiency can contribute to the development of acne.

• Vitamin A (retinol). This vitamin takes an active part in many biological processes in the body. In particular, it regulates the processes of keratinization of the epidermis (upper layer of skin) and division of skin cells, takes part in the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, and is also important for the normal functioning of the immune system. For acne, vitamin A is prescribed orally at 30–50 IU (international units) once a day, 15–20 minutes after meals.
• Folic acid. This vitamin takes part in the processes of cell division throughout the body. Its use for acne promotes rapid healing of damage and restoration of normal skin structure. Folic acid is prescribed orally, 1 mg 3 times a day.
• Vitamin C. This vitamin takes part in oxidative processes throughout the body, and also participates in metabolism and in the synthesis of steroid hormones in the adrenal glands. In addition, vitamin C has a beneficial effect on the processes of restoration of damaged tissues and increases the natural protective properties of the body. The drug is prescribed orally at 50–100 mg 2–4 times a day.
• Vitamin E. It is part of cell membranes and also has an immunostimulating effect. A lack of vitamin E can contribute to the development of seborrhea (a disease that causes acne). That is why, when treating acne, it is recommended to take this vitamin orally at 50–200 mg per day for 4–6 weeks.

Diet (nutrition) for acne

The main goal of a diet for acne is to exclude foods from the diet that could provoke a more severe course of the disease or lead to its exacerbation.

Diet for acne

What can you use?
lean meats ( veal, turkey, rabbit meat); fresh vegetables and fruits; freshly squeezed juices; low-fat cottage cheese; low-fat kefir; low-fat milk; dried fruits; buckwheat porridge; barley porridge.	pure sugar; honey ( can only be consumed in small portions); baked goods; confectionery ( cakes, pastries); white bread; alcoholic drinks; carbonated drinks; salo; margarine;

Treating acne with folk remedies at home

Traditional acne treatment methods can be very effective for mild to moderate acne. At the same time, in severe forms of the disease, self-medication is not recommended, since further spread of the infection can lead to the development of serious complications, including the formation of huge scars on the skin of the face.

To treat acne you can use:

• Aloe juice. It has an anti-inflammatory effect and also accelerates the healing and restoration processes of the skin after eliminating acne. You should wipe the affected skin with the juice every day before going to bed.
• Aloe lotions. In this case, to prepare the lotion, you need to grind several freshly picked aloe leaves, place them in a glass jar and fill with warm (not hot) water. Infuse the mixture in a dark place for 2 - 3 hours, then strain and use to wipe the skin 1 - 2 times a day.
• Plantain herb. This plant has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and wound-healing effects. To fight acne, you should pick several bunches of plantain grass, chop it and leave it in a bowl for a while until the juice appears. This juice should be lightly wiped over the affected areas of the skin once a day.
• St. John's wort decoction. The substances contained in this plant have a cleansing (antibacterial), anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effect. To prepare a decoction, add 500 ml of hot water to 2 tablespoons of St. John's wort flowers, bring to a boil and simmer for 10 - 15 minutes. Cool at room temperature, strain and use as a lotion (wet gauze swabs in the broth and wipe the skin with them in the morning).
• Calendula tincture. Calendula has an antiseptic (antimicrobial), anti-inflammatory and pronounced wound-healing effect. To prepare the tincture, place 2 tablespoons of calendula flowers in a thermos, pour 1 cup of boiling water and leave for 2 to 3 hours, then strain and use to wipe problem areas of the skin once a day (morning or evening).

Anti-acne masks

A mask is a mixture of certain foods, plants and/or medicines that are applied to the affected skin to achieve a healing effect.

For acne you can use:

• Brewer's yeast mask. The mask contains B vitamins, as well as various microelements (iron, zinc, selenium, magnesium and others), which together improve microcirculation in the skin and have an anti-inflammatory effect. To prepare the mask, take 1 tablespoon of brewer's yeast and mix it with the same amount of raw milk, after which the resulting slurry is applied in a thin layer to previously cleansed skin for 10 - 15 minutes. After completing the procedure, the mask should be removed using water and gauze swabs.
• Mask with calendula. As mentioned earlier, calendula has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects. To prepare the mask, 20 ml of calendula tincture should be mixed with 1 tablespoon of flour. If necessary, you can add a little water to make a thick paste. This paste should be applied in a thin layer to the problem area of ​​the skin for 10 - 15 minutes, then rinse the skin with warm water.
• Baking soda mask. Using this mask you can get rid of blackheads, as soda has the ability to dissolve sebaceous plugs and has an antibacterial effect. To prepare the mask, mix soda with water in such a proportion to form a thick paste, which must be applied to the surface of the skin for 5 - 10 minutes, then rinsed with warm water. It is important that baking soda does not get into your eyes, as this can cause damage. If after applying the mask the patient begins to experience a burning sensation, you should immediately remove the baking soda and rinse the skin several times with warm water.

Complications and consequences of acne

With prolonged progression of acne, various infectious and non-infectious complications may develop. It is worth noting that the earlier acne treatment is started, the greater its effectiveness and the lower the likelihood of complications.

Will acne go away on its own?

One of the main reasons for the development of acne in adolescents is an imbalance of sex hormones with a predominance of androgens (male sex hormones). This condition is relatively normal for young people aged 14 to 25 years. If acne that occurs during a given period of time is not prone to infection and the development of severe purulent-inflammatory phenomena, after the end of the period of growing up and normalization of hormonal balance in the body, they can disappear on their own. Self-healing is also possible by eliminating other causative factors that caused the disease (for example, stopping contact with oils for oil acne).

If, from the first months, the disease is characterized by an aggressive course, a tendency to form pustules and the spread of acne to large areas of the skin, there is no point in waiting for self-healing. Such patients should seek help from a doctor as soon as possible and begin adequate treatment, since otherwise the risk of developing serious, often irreversible complications from the skin increases.

Is acne contagious?

In the initial stages of development, when acne is filled with sebaceous glands and clogged ducts of the sebaceous glands, acne is not contagious. At the same time, with further development of the disease, infection of the sebum in acne and the development of opportunistic microorganisms (propionobacteria, staphylococci, streptococci and others) may occur, resulting in the formation of pustules. Their contents are usually filled with a small amount of decomposed fat and pus, but in severe cases they may also contain live infectious agents. If such an abscess is opened (for example, by squeezing it out yourself at home), pathogenic microorganisms will certainly enter adjacent areas of the skin and penetrate other sebaceous glands, which will lead to the development of a purulent-inflammatory process in them as well. That is why, when pustules or nodes form, it is highly not recommended to squeeze them out or open them in any way.

Pigment spots after acne

Pigment spots usually form in places where there has been an inflammatory process that has resolved without significant damage to the deep structures of the skin. After the inflammatory phenomena subside, the cells in this area begin to rapidly divide, and a special brown pigment, melanin, is deposited in them. It is what gives the skin a dark color, and after acne resolves, it can cause the formation of pigment spots.

The severity of this complication depends on the depth and degree of damage to the skin. With superficial acne, pigment spots can be observed for several weeks after treatment, and then disappear without a trace. At the same time, if deeper parts of the skin are affected, the spots may become larger and more intense in color. In this case, they can remain on the skin for several months or even years.

You can speed up the process of resorption of age spots using various drugs and techniques that accelerate metabolic processes in the skin and help remove melanin from it (creams, ointments, masks, etc.).

Scars on the skin after acne

One of the most dangerous complications of acne is the formation of scars on the skin. This is especially unpleasant if scars form in the facial area (on the skin of the cheeks, nose, forehead, chin). With mild to moderate acne, scars, as a rule, do not form, since the pathological process is located in the superficial layers of the skin, which are easily restored after the disease resolves. At the same time, in severe forms of acne, the purulent-inflammatory process can reach the deep layer of the skin and even spread to the subcutaneous fat. In this case, even after the disease is cured, the skin will not recover, since the cells responsible for the regeneration (renewal) of the skin are destroyed, and the skin defects formed as a result of the progression of the purulent process will be filled with connective tissue scars. It is for this reason that it is extremely important to begin acne treatment in the early stages, before the infection spreads to the deeper layers of the skin.

Acne prevention

In the vast majority of cases, the occurrence of acne is associated with a hormonal imbalance in the body, which is especially typical for adolescents. Doctors cannot influence these changes in any way, so it is almost impossible to completely prevent the likelihood of developing acne in adolescents. At the same time, with properly carried out preventive measures, it is possible to prevent the addition of infection and the development of complications throughout adolescence. It is important to carry out preventive measures until the age of 20–25, since after this age normalization of hormonal levels and the disappearance of any signs of the disease are usually observed.

It is also worth noting that in addition to hormonal imbalance, acne can be caused by other factors (occupational hazards, poor diet, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, frequent stress, and so on), timely identification and elimination of which can contribute to a quick cure for the patient.

Care for acne-prone skin

Proper and regular care of problem areas of the skin is one of the key points in preventing acne infection and progression of the pathological process.

Patients prone to developing acne are advised to:

• Cleanse the skin. In this case, we mean not only regularly washing your face 2-3 times a day and observing personal hygiene rules, but also using cleansing and disinfecting masks, creams or lotions 2-3 times a week.
• Use a personal towel. This will not only protect the patient from the risk of contracting opportunistic microorganisms from other family members, but will also protect them from the risk of contracting microbes that may be released from the patient's acne.
• Do not squeeze acne. This is the most common and most dangerous mistake of all patients suffering from acne. Squeezing out an abscess in non-sterile conditions can contribute to the spread of infection to adjacent areas of the skin, and is also accompanied by damage to skin structures, which can further contribute to the formation of scars.

Before use, you should consult a specialist.

How to get rid of acne with the help of medications, cosmetic procedures and at home.

Acne, pimples, rashes and skin lesions of various types are a problem not only for teenagers, but also for many adults. All skin problems can be combined into one large group - acne.
The lesions appear as black spots and pustules. In addition, it looks unsightly, can also cause serious problems and indicates diseases inside the body.

Rashes occur on the back, chest, but more often on the face. The main cause is increased oily skin. However, poor nutrition, unfavorable environmental factors, genetics, and hormonal disorders influence to no less extent.

Whatever the reason for the development and whatever type of rash occurs, treatment of acne on the face should be comprehensive and immediate. Moreover, there are many methods of home, medicinal and cosmetic treatment. But, before treating the problem, you need to understand the cause.

Reasons for appearance

Acne is called by many “the second disease of dirty hands.” However, many factors can be the cause, and dirty hands will only aggravate an existing problem.
Hormonal disruptions are possible, due to a number of circumstances, and non-hormonal ones, depending on the functioning of the body.

Non-hormonal causes of acne

1. Genetic predisposition (more often in men). The work of the sebaceous glands is inherent in nature; you only need to properly monitor a certain skin type.
2. Improper hygiene. For oily skin types, it is highly recommended not to wash your face more than twice a day, so as not to dry out the skin and cause the sebaceous glands to work faster, which will lead to acne. In addition, it is advisable to use special products for oily types. It will not be superfluous to use antibacterial tonics and washes.
3. UV rays. Many people mistakenly believe that the sun or solarium can literally “dry out” acne. However, it only masks the problem. Excess sunlight, on the contrary, provokes increased activity of cells that “try to get rid” of ultraviolet radiation.
4. Malfunctions of the endocrine system, which are most often caused by stress and depression. Less nerves means less acne. We can say that acne is directly related to the emotional background.
5. Incorrect functioning of the gastrointestinal tract. The main reason is an incorrect, unbalanced diet. As a result - acute, then chronic gastritis, stones, dysbacteriosis and acne.

Hormonal reasons

For the first time, you can “meet” hormonal imbalance during age. Over time, the hormones calm down and the rash goes away.

However, in almost 50% of people, acne continues into adulthood and this is associated with disruption of the endocrine system and increased production of hormones. Moreover, it has been proven that skin rashes are a “map” by which you can find the problem inside.

• Acne on the back indicates an overabundance of steroids;
• in the T-zone – about gastrointestinal tract malfunctions;
• on the chin - about gynecological and ENT diseases;
• on the forehead - about problems with the intestines.

Rashes are also divided into types, from harmless to quite severe forms.

Types of acne

At the moment, a great variety of types and types of acne have been identified, which are classified by origin, course of the disease, color, presence or absence of infection. The most common:

1. Black dots. This is stagnation at the top of the pore. At first the plug is transparent and watery, then, when the lard hardens, the point becomes white or yellow, becomes cloudy and thickens. Under the influence of oxygen, the liquid oxidizes, resulting in a characteristic black color.
2. White dots. Sebum collects at the bottom of the pore, forming dense clumps. As they expand, they become visible on the surface in the form of white subcutaneous pimples or tubercles that can be felt with the fingers. They have no way out.
3. Papules. Formed as a result of infection in subcutaneous pimples. A nodule up to 3 cm is formed, accompanied by redness, suppuration, and swelling. An edematous ball from light pink to bluish in color without an inflammatory head.
4. Pustules. There are different regular and irregular shapes with purulent contents inside. They form either independently or when an infection enters a pimple. Usually up to 1cm. Red, inflamed around the circumference with white, clear, yellow or greenish pus visible. Turbidity and all shades except white indicate re-infection.
5. Dermatoses. Occurs when hair follicles become inflamed, but usually without acne. This type is characterized by inflammatory spots and redness (rosacea and various dermatitis), different from acne.
6. Comedones. They are formed as a result of blockage of hair follicles with sebum. Without inflammation there is no threat.
7. Papulopustular acne. Occurs when In their place, pustules and nodes form.
8. Nodular cystic acne. This is a cystic accumulation of abscesses under the skin with access to the outside. Usually it is difficult and long-lasting. Subject to mandatory treatment.

There are other, not so common types that only a dermatologist can identify: fulminant, steroidal (bodybuilding acne), late, inverse, globular (pile up), adult acne, newborn acne, cosmetic, professional, solar acne and others.
Diagnosis and treatment also depend on the severity and stage of development.

Stages of development

Acne occurs in everyone, even in completely healthy people. This is due to various factors. The initial stages, as a rule, do not require serious treatment.

1. The occurrence of small minor rashes associated with temporary hormonal imbalance (menstruation) or mechanical damage. Usually this is from 1 to 10 whiteheads. For this stage, the correct cosmetic procedures are sufficient.
2. The rashes are increasing. The number of rashes reaches 30 pcs. The affected areas are painful and red, with pustules. Specialist consultation and drug treatment are required.
3. Multiple pustules, papules, and nodes are formed. The lesion occupies a fairly large area. Inflamed areas are painful and often indicate serious problems with the functioning of internal organs. Requires the intervention of a specialist and the prescription of antibiotics.
4. The stage at which cystic multiple and extensive acne areas are formed. Both subcutaneous and subcutaneous ulcers appear. In addition to very painful sensations, the patient may develop stress due to a psychological factor. Since at the 4th, very severe stage, the face, to put it mildly, looks unsightly.

Attention! Stress and depression, which often accompany the presence of multiple pimples and nodules, aggravate the situation. Therefore, at stages 3 and 4, in addition to external and internal treatment, consultation with a psychologist is highly desirable.

However, in order to prevent the final stages, it is necessary to diagnose the disease in time.

To diagnose the disease, it is enough to contact an endocrinologist and take blood tests: general blood tests, hormone tests (on the 5-7th day of menstruation for women), progesterone levels. You can additionally undergo an ultrasound scan of the adrenal glands, testicles, and prostate gland.

Only when the diagnosis has been made and the type, stage and severity of the disease has been identified, treatment can begin.

Treatment options

Sometimes treatment with properly selected cosmetics is sufficient, in other cases additional drugs are used. Sometimes complex treatment, which includes both cosmetics and medications. It is not uncommon to find cases of relief only through treatment at home using homemade remedies.

Drugs

In each individual case, drugs must be prescribed by a specialist. However, there are also those who have proven themselves worthy.

Benzoyl peroxide

Prevents and blocks inflammation in hair follicles. In addition, it exfoliates dead epidermis. The recommended dose of the drug concentration in creams and ointments is up to 5%. Numerous studies have shown that high concentrations are pointless.

Showed themselves well Proderm-cream, Proactive, Persa-gel 5. But, the best are drugs with antibiotics and retinoids, for example Epiduo (France), Duak-gel (UK).

Usually used 2 times a day for 1-1.5 months. Apply only to affected areas.
Benzoyl peroxide has a bleaching effect, so you need to be careful with clothes.

Salicylic acid

Considered a classic in the fight against skin problems. However, salicylic acid only acts on acne. It has no effect on acne other than drying. In addition, the use causes peeling, itching and the possible appearance of pigmentation on dark skin.

The most famous product based on salicylic acid is Klerasil. However, with regular use, the effect is still much weaker than retinoids.

Retinoids

These are derivatives of vitamin A, which not only prevent the occurrence of acne, but also help remove purulent accumulations. Effective against acne and pimples at different stages. The most effective ones are with the addition of benzoin peroxide and antibiotics ( Klenzit-S, Deriva-S, Izoterixin.

One application per day is enough, but the lasting result will remain only after 3 months of use.

Preparations with sulfur

Used to treat only acne with an inflammatory process. Does not work on acne. They have a very unpleasant odor, and the only advantage is that you can replace the one-time use of benzoyl, which will reduce the infection’s addiction to peroxide. Example – Delex Acne of various directions (from acne, blackheads, forte).

Cortisone injections

They are used to avoid surgical intervention in severe forms of acne with cystic formations. These are steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that quickly relieve symptoms. Among the side effects: thinning of the skin and other minor ones, which in comparison with cystic acne can be considered a trifle.

In some cases, cosmetic procedures are used as a substitute or joint means of combating acne.

Beauty treatments

The most common methods used to combat this problem are mesotherapy, laser resurfacing and chemical peeling.

Mesotherapy

This is an infectious injection of special healing, so-called cocktails, under the skin. Mesoctail consists of biologically active components: ready-made or mixed manually. The composition includes vitamins, minerals (most often sulfur, cobalt, magnesium, selenium, hyaluronic acid, elastane, collagen, antibiotics, immunomodulators). The composition is selected individually, based on the specific problem. The drug is administered manually or with a mesoiler. The effect is influenced not only by the cocktail itself, but also by irritation of the skin with micropunctures.

The procedure is not very painful, rather unpleasant, but gives a good result. increases local skin immunity, relieves inflammation, removes pustules and prevents the formation of new ones, in addition, it can smooth out the relief and resolve scars left after acne.

Face resurfacing

Most often used to treat post-acne. However, for pimples and acne, the method is no less effective. Occurs through non-contact (thermal) and contact radiation.

In any case, the laser has a destructive effect on the cells of the sebaceous glands. This reduces sebum production, relieves redness, inflammation, and swelling. Fungus and bacteria are killed, the top layer of the epidermis is, as it were, removed, thereby promoting rapid regeneration. Sick cells are replaced with healthy ones.

Chemical peeling

The name speaks for itself. This is peeling with organic acids. An acidic composition is applied to the skin, which breaks down the epidermis. The procedure is comparable in action to, but an impressive affected layer is removed. Roughly speaking, diseased skin is removed, and in its place healthy cells multiply intensively. However, the method is used after complete removal of inflammation and removal of ulcers.

Any procedure will require a course of treatment of up to 10-15 sessions every 1-2 weeks until the skin is completely restored, but the result is visible after the first session.

With properly performed cosmetic procedures, it is possible to get rid of acne forever, but sometimes preventative periodic maintenance repeated sessions are required.

To maintain the result, proper skin care and so-called maintenance skin adjustments are necessary approximately once every 6-12 months.

For those who are afraid of injections or don't really like people in white coats, there are home procedures that can also reduce or completely get rid of acne.

Treatment at home

It is worth noting that in the last stages with a large number of pustules and a large area of ​​inflammation, it is better to consult a dermatologist and endocrinologist. Next, you can combine drug treatment and traditional recipes. In the initial stages (acne and small acne), it is quite possible to get by with scrubs only.

Face masks

Masks based on bran, garlic, soda and salt have proven themselves well.
For the base, you can prepare a preparation and store it in a tightly closed glass container: any bran, ground in a coffee grinder and soda in equal parts.

Fruit mask for acne

Ingredients:

• base of bran and soda - 1 tbsp;
• any sour fruits – 3 pcs.

Squeeze juice from fruits (lemon, sour apples, kiwi, orange, from berries - red and black currants, gooseberries, strawberries) and pour into the base. Grind soft fruits into puree, add to the gruel of bran and juice. Apply the mixture to your face with massage movements. Leave for 15 minutes, rinse with warm water and apply nourishing cream.

Garlic

• garlic – 1 head;
• salt – 1 tsp;
• protein – 1 pc.

Pass the garlic through a press, add the beaten protein and salt. Apply to face, massage for at least 2-3 minutes and leave for 15. Rinse with warm water and apply moisturizer.

Potato

• potato juice – 3 tbsp;
• oatmeal – 1 tbsp;
• aspirin – 2 tablets.

Pour potato juice over the oatmeal and leave for 15 minutes. Add crushed aspirin to the swollen pulp. Leave the mixture on your face for at least 25 minutes.

In addition to masks, it is advisable to use scrubs 1-2 times a week.

Scrubs

You can use honey as a basis, which is an excellent viscous antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent.
Any ingredients with grains are suitable as an additive: ground bran, oatmeal, strawberries, strawberries, cinnamon, salt, soda. You can add pharmacy vitamins and.

The scrub is applied to the face with massage movements. The massage lasts 5-7 minutes (with nicotine no more than 3). The mixture can be left on the face for 5 minutes or washed off immediately with cool water.

In order for all of the above methods to maintain their results for a long time or forever, you must adhere to an appropriate diet. Since acne often indicates malfunctions of internal organs.

Diet

A diet is nothing more than proper nutrition. You should eat lean meats and fish, cottage cheese, vegetables, fruits and cereals. Reduce your consumption of coffee and milk to a reasonable extent.

Exclude: fatty, fried, excessively salty, canned food, flour, sweet (except honey).

The diet will help get rid of not only acne, but also excess weight and health problems.

However, in addition to treatment, preventive measures should also be followed, which include:

• selection of individual hygiene products for the care of a specific skin type;
• maintaining proper nutrition;
• use of antibacterial products for oily skin;
• periodic consultation with a dermatologist, endocrinologist and cosmetologist to prevent relapse.

Acne on the face is not a death sentence, even in advanced stages. With the right treatment, maintaining the result, and a diet that prevents recurrence, you can get rid of

Acne (pimples, pimples) is a disease that causes not only physical, but also aesthetic discomfort. In an effort to quickly eliminate rashes, many are looking for the most effective tools to treat them.

Photo 1 – Pimples

Folk, cosmetic and medical methods of combating acne are used, and everyone will have their own best remedy.

Photo 2 – Acne

A balanced diet and the use of gels, lotions, tonics with active ingredients: zinc oxide, sulfur, salicylic alcohol will help rid the skin of acne and blackheads in mild forms of the disease.

Photo 3 – Acne

In severe, advanced cases, drug treatment will be required. Homeopathy also has a beneficial effect on the cleanliness of the skin, which should be taken exactly according to the regimen in order to achieve the desired effect.

Photo 4 – Furunculosis

Cosmetic procedures, for example, deep peeling with acids, cryomassage or the effect of plasma lifting on the skin (injecting purified human blood plasma into certain areas of the face and body with a syringe, effectively removes wrinkles, sagging, inflammation), also have a cleansing effect.

Photo 5 – Cosmetic procedures will help in the fight against acne

Inexpensive and effective external remedies that treat acne can be purchased at the pharmacy: salicylic acid, zinc and sulfur ointments will be inexpensive, and the effect will be no worse than expensive creams and lotions.

Photo 6 – External products can be bought at the pharmacy

Products with retinol (vitamin A) are also known for their anti-acne properties. They exfoliate the damaged layer of skin, cleansing and renewing it.

Photo 7 – Products with vitamin A fight acne

Preparations for the treatment of acne

Effective anti-acne medications combat its causes: increased skin greasiness, clogged pores, inflammatory processes from the inside and outside.

Photo 8 – The main thing is to eliminate the cause of acne

These include:

If ordinary gels and ointments do not help, then the question arises of treating inflammatory processes with medications. A reasonable option would be not to take the pills yourself, but to go for a consultation with a dermatologist.

Photo 14 – The doctor will select effective medications

The specialist will advise what medicine to take and what to lubricate the inflamed areas. This is a whole list for treatment, consisting of an antibiotic, ointment or mash for the skin, sorbents or a vitamin complex.

Photo 15 – Treatment must be comprehensive

You may need to take hormonal medications, e.g. flutamide– an antiandrogenic drug that is used to treat increased amounts of male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, which causes acne. Reducing them will help clear the skin.

Photo 16 – Flutamide drug
Photo 17 – Flutamide – effect

Hyaluronic acid has proven itself well in the treatment of acne (especially in combination with zinc - in the preparation " Curiosin"). Preparations with acid have regenerating and microcirculation-improving properties, helping to reduce the number and size of scars from healing acne.

Photo 18 – Curiosin regenerates the skin
Photo 19 – Curiosin – effect

You can also use zaatar, a cream from an Israeli company, which, due to ichthyol and thymol in its composition, fights inflammation and redness.

Photo 20 – Za’atar cream
Photo 21 – Za’atar cream – effect

Recently, special injections containing antibiotics, vitamins and active substances - mesotherapy - have become a proven remedy against acne.

Photo 22 – Mesotherapy is injections of antibiotics
Photo 23 – Mesotherapy – effect

Homeopathic medicines that have an anti-inflammatory, soothing, and restorative effect on the skin, for example Traumeel S., are also widely used.

Photo 24 – Traumeel S homeopathic medicine
Photo 25 – Traumeel S – effect

Attention! If hormonal problems are the “culprit” of acne, birth control pills (for example, Jess - minimal side effects, no weight gain) can restore normal hormone levels and cleanse the skin.

Antibiotics for acne

Antibiotics are the most powerful treatment for acne and are prescribed when other treatments fail. To treat acne, antibiotic agents are selected that act on bacteria that cause inflammation: erythromycin, chloramphenicol, metronidazole, dalacin.

Photo 26 – Antibiotics affect bacteria

These can be topical ointments or creams, especially for the treatment of inflammation on the face. They are used externally to lubricate rashes in adults or adolescents.

Photo 27 – Antibiotics are used externally

Important: When using oral antibiotics, considering the side effects and risks, you should consult your doctor. He will determine the name of the bacteria that causes acne, and, accordingly, will select: what systemic antibiotics to take (tetracyclines, erythromycin and others), how long to take them.

For acne vulgaris (pimples and pimples) of moderate and severe inflammation, local (in the form of ointments and gels) and systemic antibiotics are used.

Photo 28 – Acne vulgaris

Acne tablets

Against acne on the face or body, medications are usually used in tablets that affect the cause of inflammation: antibacterial treatment, hormonal tablets, homeopathic tablets and others.

Photo 29 – Tablets are an effective way to combat acne

This list also includes:

• retinoids (acnecutane, roaccutane) – regulate the production of sebum at the cellular level;
  Photo 30 – Roaccutane regulates sebum production
  Photo 31 – Roaccutane – effect
• hormonal pills – increased levels of certain hormones provoke the spread of acne;
  Photo 32 – Hormonal tablets against acne
  Photo 33 – Hormonal pills – effect
• tablets with vitamin A - improve the outer epithelium of the skin, are an antioxidant AEVit;
  Photo 34 – AEVit tablets with itamin A
  Photo 35 – AEVit tablets – effect
• homeopathic tablets loma lux acnemol - removes pustules, ulcers, improves the appearance of the skin;
  Photo 36 – Lux acnemol tablets improve the appearance of the skin
  Photo 37 – Loma lux acnemol – effect
• and, finally, treating acne with birth control pills (with an increase in testosterone levels or hormonal imbalances) in women is effective.
  Photo 38 – Treatment is possible with birth control pills

Aknekutan

For moderate and advanced forms of inflammation, acnecutane or roaccutane is used. Their active ingredient is isotretinoin, which regulates sebum production at the cellular level and, over time, reduces the size of the sebaceous glands. In this way, the cause of inflammation is almost completely eliminated.

Photo 39 – Acnecutane drug

Treatment must be completed for at least 4 months, calculating the amount of the drug individually to accumulate the active component in the body; in addition, both medications have side effects. Therefore, they are prescribed only by a doctor after preliminary diagnosis.

Photo 40 – Acnecutane – effect

Treatment with roaccutane is characterized by a greater pharmacological load on the digestive tract and difficult absorption of the required fat content without food. Acnecutane is a more modern drug that does not depend on food intake.

Photo 41 – Acnecutane before and after use

Delex

This is a whole series of anti-acne products: cleansing lotions, various gels (moisturizing, anti-inflammatory). Gel forte from this series with sulfur and irgosan quickly relieves inflammation and redness, eliminates rashes.

Photo 42 – Dalex acne preparation
Photo 43 – Effect of the drug Dalex acne

Anti acne

The skin differs significantly before or after using cleansing and anti-acne treatments, such as masks, serums and others. Using the Sulsena Anti-acne mask regularly not only removes oily skin, but also tightens pores, cleanses, heals and evens out the skin texture.

Photo 44 – Anti-acne masks

Anti-acne serum from the Siberian Health brand applied to problem areas is natural, easy to apply, reduces the amount of oil and rashes, and moisturizes the skin.

Photo 45 – Effect of anti-acne masks

Anti-acne complex from Tete acts as a healing, regenerating, astringent antibacterial agent.

Photo 46 – Anti-acne masks before and after use

Attention! All pharmacological, cosmetic and other treatments for various forms of acne are recommended to be used only after consultation with a professional dermatologist!

Acne can occur at any age for various reasons. Most often, this is a regular occurrence, so you should take this problem seriously. There are several methods for getting rid of acne and their consequences. To understand how to treat acne on the face, you need to consider each specific case in more detail. The opinion of specialists on this issue is also necessary.

Before you begin treatment for facial acne, you should understand the origin of the disease. There are many factors that affect the condition of the skin. Let's look at the main causes of acne:

• hormonal changes or disruptions associated with changes in the body during adolescence, as well as during pregnancy, menstruation, menopause, and various pathologies of the reproductive system;
• deviations in the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to metabolic disorders;
• eating large amounts of sweet and fatty foods, as well as frequent drinking of alcoholic and carbonated drinks. The presence of harmful or toxic substances in the blood leads to skin rashes;
• genetic predisposition. If there are relatives in the family with this problem, there is a possibility of inheriting it;
• disorders in the endocrine system. The appearance of acne is the main symptom of this pathology;
• insufficient or improper skin hygiene. It consists of neglecting regular cleansing and care of the epidermis;
• low-quality decorative cosmetics that clog pores. Such products may contain heavy metals and other harmful chemical components that have a negative effect on the body;
• excessive exposure to the sun provokes increased activity of the sebaceous glands, producing excessive amounts of sebum;
• poor immunity unable to resist infections;
• lack of vitamins and microelements in the diet;
• Stressful and depressive states inhibit the overall activity of the body and its protective functions.

The causes and treatment of acne are determined by a dermatologist after undergoing an examination (photo below).

Treatment of acne on the face: drugs

Getting rid of acne is a labor-intensive process and practically cannot be done without the use of special medications. Since inflammation occurs against the background of infection, tablets and external agents are aimed at eliminating it. These include antibacterial and natural medicines.

Antibiotics

For acne on the face, they are prescribed in severe cases when others do not give the desired result. Despite the high effectiveness of antibacterial drugs, such therapy can provoke a disruption of the intestinal microflora. Therefore, they must be taken with caution; an acne treatment regimen drawn up by a doctor is required.

These medications are available for local use (gels, ointments, creams) and internal effects on the source of infection.

Antibiotics for external use:

Erythromycin– an ointment characterized by a wide spectrum of action, affects the synthesis of proteins of pathogenic microorganisms, thereby preventing their reproduction.

• resolves pus inside pimples, reduces inflammation and redness, positive dynamics are observed on the fifth day;
• has a long-lasting effect; after completing the course, acne does not appear on the face for a long time;
• approved for use by people who have an allergic reaction to penicillin;
• Contraindications include age under ten years, liver and kidney pathologies.

Skinoren– produced as a gel or cream that has an antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, softening effect.

• Intended as a remedy for acne, increased pigmentation, seborrheic dermatitis, ;
• the active substance (azelaic acid) enters the deep layers of the dermis, providing healing properties;
• if you follow a long course, the effectiveness of the gel and ointment will be at the same level, and the result will last a long time;
• Not recommended for people with hypersensitive skin prone to irritation.

Differin- a gel that ensures proper metabolism in the skin, protects the epidermis from external negative influences.

• copes with minor acne, can overcome severe acne only in combination with other drugs;
• affects the production of sebum, reduces oiliness. Thanks to this effect, the pores become free, the number of inflammations is reduced;
• during therapy with this drug, it is not advisable to stay in the open sun for a long time and use products containing drying components (, alcohol, etc.);
• prohibited if you are allergic to the components of the medicine; apply with caution for seborrhea and dermatitis.

Antibiotics for internal use:

Josamycin– a drug that can prevent protein synthesis in bacterial organisms, thereby destroying their activity.

• fights almost all pathogens that cause acne;
• take two tablets a day for a month. To maintain the result, continue to take one tablet for another eight weeks;
• It is better not to combine this medicine simultaneously with contraceptives, as it may reduce the effect of the latter;
• approved for use in children over 14 years of age, not recommended if there are chronic liver problems and during breastfeeding.

Azithromycin– a medicine aimed at destroying a large number of harmful microorganisms that cause inflammation and acne.

• prescribed for many infectious diseases, capable of destroying most pathogens;
• an effective remedy for facial acne, erysipelas, dermatitis;
• A convenient course of treatment is three days. Take one tablet a day;
• It is prohibited for people suffering from serious kidney damage, children under twelve years of age and nursing women.

– an antibiotic that stops the spread of bacteria by disrupting their synthesis.

• eliminates rashes and inflammation in a short time, having a detrimental effect on anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms;
• is able to get rid of infections that have arisen in different parts of the body;
• treatment of acne on the face requires a twelve-week course;
• should not be used by people with anemia, fungal diseases, or circulatory problems.

Most often, treatment of facial acne with antibiotics is recommended for patients whose rashes are chronic. These drugs can eliminate the exacerbation, but without proper care and compliance with preventive measures, the effect will be temporary.

Homeopathy treatment

Another common option for treating acne on the face is homeopathy therapy. It takes place in two stages. First, symptomatic signs are removed by taking low-concentrated medications. Then the specialist individually selects a medication that can activate the body’s defense systems and permanently overcome the troubling problem. These include:

Belladonna Plus– a medicine that affects the human central nervous system and also has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect.

• helps cope with red rashes on the cheekbones and cheeks, cure mild seborrhea;
• combined with other drugs, therefore often prescribed in combination;
• has no side effects, but during pregnancy and breastfeeding it is better to refrain from using it;
• The recommended dosage is one drop of extract per 30 milliliters of liquid.

Pulsatilla– a homeopathic remedy based on the herb meadow lumbago.

• gives an effect if the culprit of acne is the abuse of sweet and fatty foods;
• stimulates the functioning of your own immune system;
• in high concentrations causes allergies in the form of a rash or disruption of the digestive system;
• Suitable for light-eyed and fair-haired girls with pale skin.

Silicea– silicic acid solution. Release form: tincture or granules.

• copes well with inflammatory processes of various nature;
• not only fights acne, but also removes post-acne;
• for skin diseases, Silicea 30 is suitable;
• prohibited if you have chronic kidney disease.

Sulfur – .

• prescribed for extensive inflammation that is not amenable to other treatment methods;
• can be taken not only during an exacerbation, but also for prevention;
• high concentrations are dangerous, as they can cause allergies in the form of suppuration;
• Gepar Sulfur 6 is recommended for resolving purulent pimples.

Homeopathy can be an independent way to remove acne on the face, or be part of a complex treatment. Many note the high effectiveness of this method, exceeding even the antibacterial effect.

Folk recipes

Another option for dealing with acne is folk remedy therapy. Properly prepared products can be as effective as salon cosmetics. A wide variety of recipes allows you to choose the most optimal one.

Treating facial acne at home has a number of advantages:

• all components involved in the preparation are of natural origin, so the likelihood of allergic reactions or other unpleasant consequences from use is much less;
• independent selection of ingredients guarantees a high-quality product;
• no cosmetologist is required, all procedures are carried out independently without special equipment or devices;
• This method is considered budget-friendly; the necessary components are sold in a grocery store or pharmacy. Medicinal herbs can be found in your own summer cottage or forest.

Let's present a few simple recipes that you can prepare yourself at home:

1. Green tea lotion– recommended for oily skin affected by inflammatory lesions. Relieves redness and soothes.

A strong tea brew is prepared from high quality leaves. Let stand until completely cooled, then add lemon juice (in equal proportions). The resulting mixture is used to treat the affected areas three times a day.

1. Aloe compress– effectively draws out internal acne, relieves pain and discomfort.

A medium-sized leaf is cleared of thorns and cut into thin slices. They are placed on nascent or already formed ulcers and fixed with adhesive tape. Leave it overnight, and in the morning remove any remaining blackheads with a cotton pad.

1. Wormwood infusion– treats inflammation, improves the structure of the skin.

Two tablespoons of the crushed plant are poured into glasses of boiling water. Leave to infuse for three hours in a dark place. Treat the skin with it as often as possible (three times a day or more).

1. Calendula solution– has a wound-healing effect, eliminates traces of rashes and age spots.

You can buy calendula tincture (on flowers) at the pharmacy. A teaspoon is mixed with a glass of water and a spoon of honey. A napkin or cloth is soaked in this solution and applied to the face for half an hour. Afterwards wash with clean water.

1. – helps get rid of rashes in the T-zone, blackheads on the nose and chin.

The white is separated from the yolk and transferred to a separate bowl. Add a teaspoon of lemon juice. Beat the mixture with a mixer until a rich foam forms. Apply successively to the facial skin in three layers, waiting until the mask dries. Then rinse everything thoroughly and apply a nourishing cream.

Rules for caring for problem skin

In addition to selecting a method and means to treat acne on the face, it is necessary to carry out certain hygiene measures.

Facial skin care consists of the following rules:

• Do not use ordinary soap, which tightens the skin. This provokes active work of the sebaceous glands, and more subcutaneous fat is released. There are special products for cleansing problem skin;
• regularly use scrubs or peels. Such procedures renew the skin, remove blackheads;
• To avoid infection when applying a cosmetic product with your hands, it is better to purchase a special brush;
• You should wash with clean water, or better yet, with herbal decoctions. The towel must be individual and used only for the face;
• After cleansing, do not rub the problem skin, just blot it;
• It is not recommended to squeeze out mature pimples, as there is a high risk of bacteria getting into the wound and causing an unsightly scar in the future;
• if the inflammation is very severe, it is better to periodically visit a beauty salon to correct this problem and be sure to consult a dermatologist.