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Where to get a pen. Graveyard Keeper FAQ: How to get blue experience points and other frequently asked questions

Answers to the most popular questions about the Stardew Valley-style gravedigger simulator

Graveyard Keeper A fairly complex game that puts the player in a dead end situation several times in five minutes. So that you do not have questions at certain points, we have prepared for you a large FAQ, in which we answered the most popular questions.

How to save?

The game automatically saves the process after each time the player sleeps in his bed.

How to rotate buildings?

During planning, use the R key. However, not all buildings can be rotated.

I need to wait three days for the desired character to become available, what should I do?

You need to quickly expend a lot of energy and go to bed so that the day passes faster. Energy can be spent if you stand in front of a wall and continuously attack with a sword - 15 swings and you are tired.

How to get blue experience?

A large influx of blue experience will begin when you unlock the church. There is a library in its basement. In it you can study parts of the human body or game objects, for which blue experience will be “dripped”. You can also get it for creating complex materials like glass or turning stone using a chisel.

The astrologer at the lighthouse sells special books, reading which will also give n number of blue experience points. You can buy three books a week.

How to get water?

From the very beginning of the game, the hero has a bucket. You can get it from the well, which is located in our garden. After this, you need to select a bucket in your inventory and click “use” - the bucket will remain empty, and we will receive 20 units of water.

How to get black paint?

You need to research graphite, make powder from graphite in a mill and mix it with water at alchemy table 1. Graphite is made in the furnace of the second level. You can also get ink by mixing 1 dust and oil on the alchemy table.

Where can I get feathers?

Buy from the chicken coop, which is located in the village to the right of the inn. Marked on the map with an egg.

Where can I find a healing potion for the Witch?

It can drop in a dungeon, and it can also be crafted. It is crafted as follows: in a mill we grind the intestines into the powder of life, on a hand mixer we grind carrots and cabbage into a solution of health and mix them.

Where can I get acid for the Astrologer?

Buy from a witch or craft at research table 2. Mixed from toxic powder, chaos solution and toxic extract.

Where can I find bloody nails and a bucket of blood for the Serpent?

Bloody nails drop on the 4th floor of the dungeon and deeper, and a bucket of blood drops from a chest on the 5th floor of the dungeon. You can also create it at the church workbench.

Where can I get estimates for repairing a mill?

They are issued by the Astrologer.

How to carry many logs or stones at once?

You need to pick up one log, and put the rest in a row and push with your feet.

How to get clay?

You need to complete the Bishop's chain of quests, after which he will open access to the technology for its extraction. The clay itself is extracted from cracks that you probably encountered during your travels.

Where can I get carrots for a donkey?

You can buy it from a farmer. The farmer is located at the bottom of the wheat field. You can also grow it in your garden. Before this, you will have to take possession of the vegetable garden - the innkeeper from the village will help with this. Buy carrot seedlings from the same farmer.

Where to find donkey oil?

It is sold by a drug addict who sits on the way to the lighthouse. Before this, he will ask you to bring him honey - trees with beehives can be found in the upper part of our house. He also sells rope, oil and hemp seeds. You can also make oil from abdominal fat or grow it in your city, but for this you will have to unlock a special perk.

Where can I find more coal?

In the swamps, which are located to the left of the cemetery, if you cross the bridge. There are veins of coal in the rocks in the north of the swamp. Coal can also be extracted from firewood in a furnace.

Where can I get "Science"?

Science is developed from paper, which must be laid out on the research table. The paper itself is made from human skin.

How to increase the amount of “Faith”?

“Faith” is issued for sermons, and the quantity directly depends on the rating of the cemetery. The higher the rating of the cemetery, the more “Faith” you will receive.

You can still increase the amount of faith if you change your prayer. The main character creates new prayers from the “Stories”. New stories can be obtained by talking to people with a pumped-up “Journalist” perk or buying wine from the poet who is in the inn. The prayers are created on the writer's desk in the basement of the church.

Where can I get seeds for apple trees and berry bushes?

The Witch, but before that you have to complete her quests.

Where can I find hops?

It is sold by Melnik. The mill can be found by following the path up at the intersection in the wheat field.

Where can I find a moth?

You need to upgrade the Bortnik perk and the bloodworm collection skill. It is better to go hunting at night; insects fall out when picking flowers.

Where to look for frogs?

You can buy them from the Witch or catch them in the swamp with a simple fishing rod. Use a moth or butterfly as bait.

Where can I get a necklace and a golden protractor?

At the end of the Miss Charm and Astrologer quest line.

Where can I get the miracle fork and the “Mirror of My Light”?

At the end of the Merchant and Bishop quest line.

DIY dream catcher - Indian secret magic

There are several legends that shed light on the origins of the dream catcher. The first legend belongs to the Lakota tribe. According to it, one elder was given a vision - the shaman and teacher of wisdom Iktomi appeared to him in the form of a spider. Iktomi took the elder's willow hoop, which had decorations made of horsehair and bird feathers, and wove a web, leaving a hole in the center. The willow circle symbolized life - from infancy to old age, because in old age you again become like a baby. Iktomi said that a perfect circle of web would help the entire Lakota tribe - it would catch good thoughts and dreams in its web, and bad ones would escape through the hole.

It requires a willow circle, which is gradually, clockwise, braided with harsh natural threads or deer sinews. Then a web is woven on the braided circle; as a rule, it is connected to the circle in eight places - according to the number of spider legs. A small hole is left in the center, from which a feather is suspended - it symbolizes the movement of air, breathing itself, which, as we know, is the basis of life. The main thing is that, when making a trap, a person thinks about good things and wants to protect the future owner of the trap from bad thoughts and the rudeness of life. It was no coincidence that the willow rod was used. The traps were not supposed to last forever - there was a deep philosophical meaning in this. The willow rod dried out over time and after a few years broke under the tension of the threads. It was believed that this was the end of another stage of a person’s life. The feathers also had to be special. According to some beliefs, only eagle feathers were suitable for men's dream catchers; the eagle was a symbol of courage. For women's traps, owl feathers were used, because the owl symbolized wisdom. There are other traditions according to which the tail feathers of a jackdaw were hung on any amulet. Optional but beautiful elements were used to decorate the dream catchers. These could be intricate knots and beads that were woven into the pattern of the web and, in addition to the decorative function, carried another function: to hold thoughts more tightly. Feathers or various braids made of horsehair, preferably from the tail of a white mare, were also hung on the base circle.

Indian (Shamanic) amulets.
According to the ancient religion of the Indians, shamans were endowed with special knowledge and capabilities; they were the ones who made talismans for the entire tribe. The cult of shamanism is the worship of the forces of nature and spirits. Everything that surrounds us has a soul and is endowed with a certain power. One of the main tasks for a shaman was and is communication with spirits. By dancing ritual dances, shamans called on spirits to help an individual or an entire tribe. When creating the talisman, the spirits charged it with their strength and energy.
Animal claws, stones, herbs, trees, and animal skin were used to create talismans.
The Indians created figurines of animals from clay and wood, and shamans called upon spirits to borrow their power. It was believed that the figurine of an animal conveys to a person a special power inherent in him.
The fox endowed with cunning and resourcefulness, making a person more inventive.
The wolf endowed with intuition and came to the rescue in the fight against enemies.
The raven endowed with magical powers and helped to understand oneself and the world around us.
The snake endowed with elusive speed, resourcefulness and wisdom.
The mole endowed people with sensitivity to the world around them, gave them the ability to understand herbs and minerals, to see and feel what is invisible to the ordinary eye.
The frog connected with the water element and helped to adapt.
The deer was considered the highest animal and possessed nobility. This is exactly what he endowed with.
The eagle endowed with vigilance and intuition, helped to achieve higher goals and developed diligence.
The owl made it possible to see at night, imparted wisdom and revealed the secrets of magic, especially such as healing.
The tiger endowed with power and grace.
The turtle gave people a sense of peace, calmed hot ardor, and endowed them with calmness and prudence.
The duck, as a symbol of comfort and homeliness, imparted emotional calm and protected from evil.
The hawk developed intuition and vigilance. Contributed to the development of creativity.

Of course, not only the figurines had power, but also individual parts of the animal, such as fangs, claws, bones. The Indians kept them in leather bags that hung around their necks or belts. They were hidden from prying eyes so that the talisman would not lose its power.

A buffalo tooth protects against negative energy.

Shark fang imparts masculinity.

Fox tail lies skin diseases.

The eye of the wolf protected from the evil eye and damage.

Many people know that talismans made from the scalp of a killed enemy, it was believed that such a talisman not only intimidates further opponents, but also gives the strength and courage of the killed warrior to the new owner.

Since the wars between the tribes did not subside, the tomahawk served as a talisman and a murder weapon. This is a hatchet on which certain signs were applied and decorated with feathers and beads.

The heads of the Indians were decorated with feathers, which served as a talisman-amulet and as an adornment by which one could judge a person. Feathers were symbols of courage, a kind of medals that were awarded after battles. Eagle feathers adorned only the leader's head.
Sun amulets (wooden tablets with the image of the sun) had incredible power for the Indians. Warming themselves on a cold night, they asked the amulet for advice and help. In battles, such a talisman protected, endowed with courage and dexterity.

Dream Catcher. DIY antique amulet

The Indians believed in the incredible power of the Sun and worshiped it.
Nowadays, talismans such as bracelets and baubles are very popular. The Native Americans also used such talismans, especially to cover their wrists. In this zone you can feel the pulse, so the Indians believed that energy flowed through the wrists. They protected this vulnerable area with bracelets made of leather, fabric, beads, bones and shells. The color of such talismans was of great importance.
Yellow attracts good luck and accompanies success in various aspects of life.
Black protects against losses and failures.
Blue helps with work and increases productivity.
Green is the color of friendship and help.
If you want to acquire an Indian Shamanic talisman, but you don’t know a shaman, you can use simple tips:
1. The purchased talisman must be cleaned. This can be done with the help of natural elements. Wash it under running water. Leave it in the sun for a couple of hours. Or bury it in the ground for an hour. The option of fumigation with aroma sticks with the scents of sandalwood, pine needles, sage, and rosemary is possible.
2. When your talisman has been cleansed, it needs to be charged with your energy. Take the selected object in your hands and concentrate all your thoughts on it, imagine the connection between you. By exhaling air onto the talisman, you establish a connection with its egregor.

TALISMANS AND CHARMS:▌CHRISTIAN ▌SLAVIC ▌BUDDHISM ▌KABBALA ▌VOODOO ▌FENG SHUI ▌INDIAN ▌MUSLIM ▌ INDIAN ▌ACCORDING TO THE ZODIC SIGNS ▌EGYPTIAN ▌HOME

We spend a third of our lives sleeping and, of course, we want this time to become what it should be - rest for the body and mind. But it doesn’t always work out this way - some are hampered by insomnia, others are overcome by dark and disturbing dreams. The North American Indians also had similar problems, and most importantly, they had their own solution.

A dream trap - or dream catcher - is the name of an Indian talisman that helps its owner see only good dreams. It is a circle with a web with a hole in the center and complemented with feathers and beads. There are several legends that shed light on the origins of the dream catcher. The first legend belongs to the Lakota tribe. According to it, one elder was given a vision - the shaman and teacher of wisdom Iktomi appeared to him in the form of a spider. Iktomi took the elder's willow hoop, which had decorations made of horsehair and bird feathers, and wove a web, leaving a hole in the center. The willow circle symbolized life - from infancy to old age, because in old age you again become like a baby. Iktomi said that a perfect circle of web would help the entire Lakota tribe - it would catch good thoughts and dreams in its web, and bad ones would escape through the hole.

Another legend is associated with the Ojibwe totem, the spider Asabikasha. It was she who taught the women of her tribe to weave a web that would catch all dreams in a row - only good dreams could pass through the web and fall on the sleeping person, while bad ones would get entangled and melt away with the dawn. The third legend largely repeats the second, only here the teacher is not Asabikashi, but an ordinary spider whom a woman saved from her son. This is where the belief that spiders should not be killed came from. It is interesting that in legends there are opposite interpretations of catching dreams - somewhere the trap catches evil dreams, and somewhere, on the contrary, good ones. However, the rules for making traps are very similar.

Dream catcher: how to make and use an amulet

According to some beliefs, only eagle feathers were suitable for men's dream catchers; the eagle was a symbol of courage. For women's traps, owl feathers were used, because the owl symbolized wisdom. There are other traditions according to which the tail feathers of a jackdaw were hung on any amulet. Optional but beautiful elements were used to decorate the dream catchers. These could be intricate knots and beads that were woven into the pattern of the web and, in addition to the decorative function, carried another function: to hold thoughts more firmly. Feathers or various braids made of horsehair, preferably from the tail of a white mare, were also hung on the base circle.

These are all the rules for making a dream catcher according to the rules of the North American Indians. But there are other similar traps. For example, in the folklore of the peoples of Siberia there is a trap that looks very similar to its American counterpart. Only this trap is a shaman's tool, and it is forbidden for ordinary people to use it. During the day, a variety of thoughts and spirits - both good and bad - were collected into the web network. And at night, along a long cord, they descended to the shaman, whispering the truth to him. Working with such catchers meant a struggle in which the shaman had to emerge victorious. There are analogues in the legends of Asia and the Far North. In the second half of the twentieth century, the dream catcher was picked up by fans of the “pan-Indian movement” and gradually turned into a souvenir that does not carry a philosophical and ritual load. Often they are made in clear violation of the rules - for example, they do not leave a hole in the center, which is of paramount importance for the selection of dreams.

DIY dream catcher. Dreamcatcher

Now let's move on to making the dream catcher itself. To do this, we need a base - a circle. In many master classes that are now online, a hoop or willow rod is used for the base. I decided to make the dream catcher small, so the hoop was definitely not suitable for this purpose. It is quite difficult to find a willow twig when living in the city. Therefore, I offer you two options: take the lid from a jar of ear sticks and cut out the top part of it, leaving only the edges. You will get a small circle that can be used for a catcher. The second option is similar to a bent willow rod. I took a thick guitar string, bent it, closed it into a ring, and secured the ends with tape.

Usually when they weave dream Catcher

We continue to weave the web.

I got 5 rows. You may end up with more or fewer rows. It all depends on the diameter of the circle and the thickness of the thread.

dream Catcher.

The question often arises: where can I get feathers for a dream catcher?

Dreamcatcher: Meaning. The legend of the appearance.

Well, first of all, feathers can be bought at craft stores. There they are immediately beautiful, they can be of different colors, with rhinestones. Secondly, you can just walk down the street and look at your feet. We have a lot of pigeons in our cities, and accordingly, you can find feathers. True, such feathers will still have to be worked on and painted. I used acrylic pearlescent paints for this purpose. Using a thin brush, carefully apply the design to the feather.

By analogy we decorate dream Catcher

DIY dream catcher. Master class.

Recently, various ethnic things have become incredibly popular: amulets, ornaments in clothing, jewelry and much more. Perhaps this is because our modernity is so saturated with all kinds of technological achievements that we want to go back to the distant past, to the origins.

I bring to your attention a master class that will teach you how to make DIY dream catcher. Dreamcatcher- This is a kind of amulet of the North American Indians, which, according to legend, protects the sleeper from nightmares. You can decorate the dream catcher with anything you like - feathers, beads, pom-poms, in a word, everything you have on hand. The most important thing is to make a spider web that will catch bad dreams, thereby protecting you at night.

In this master class we will not only weave dream catcher webs, but we will also make beads ourselves from self-hardening clay and paint them with paints.

So, let's start with sculpting beads. To do this, we will need several toothpicks and clay, for example, the one shown in the photo:

Take a small piece of clay, pack the rest of the clay well so that it does not dry out. Shape a piece of clay into a ball.

Now carefully place the ball on a toothpick and pierce it through. This must be done very carefully so that the clay does not crack. It is advisable to moisten it with water before piercing the ball with a toothpick. But even if the ball is a little cracked, it's okay. Wet your fingers with water and smooth out the crack.

Now, using another toothpick, apply a pattern to the ball. Here everything depends on your imagination, give free rein to your imagination :)

We make several beads with different patterns.

Now let’s get down to the most interesting part, in my opinion – coloring the beads. For this I used watercolor paints. If you don't have watercolors, you can use other paints - acrylic or gouache. It is convenient to color the beads on toothpicks.

Let the paints dry and remove the beads from the toothpicks.

Now let's move on to making the dream catcher itself.

How to make a dream catcher with your own hands

To do this, we need a base - a circle. In many master classes that are now online, a hoop or willow rod is used for the base. I decided to make the dream catcher small, so the hoop was definitely not suitable for this purpose. It is quite difficult to find a willow twig when living in the city. Therefore, I offer you two options: take the lid from a jar of ear sticks and cut out the top part of it, leaving only the edges. You will get a small circle that can be used for a catcher. The second option is similar to a bent willow rod. I took a thick guitar string, bent it, closed it into a ring, and secured the ends with tape.

We will crochet the ring. I used yellow Iris threads and a size 1.5 hook. We tie the ring with single crochets.

Usually when they weave dream Catcher, the threads for the web are tied, we will use beads instead of a knot. In other words, we will not tie the threads, but will pull them through the bead, thereby securing its position. Therefore, when you make the first row, put 2 beads on the thread of each sector: one to secure the thread at the base, the other will remain in the middle of the thread in order to pull the thread of the next row through it.

Measure a long enough thread and thread it through the needle. When weaving a web, the thread does not break, so estimate how long the thread should be.

We will weave the web round and round. For a dream catcher with a diameter of approximately 8 cm, I divided the circle into 7 parts. You can make any number of anchor points and absolutely any number of rows. It all depends on your imagination!

Since the Iris thread is thick enough to fit through a small bead, I used a thread threader.

You can see the diagram for weaving a cobweb in the lesson How to make a dream catcher amulet with your own hands.

We continue to weave the web.

I got 5 rows. You may end up with more or fewer rows.

It all depends on the diameter of the circle and the thickness of the thread.

Let's fix one of the beads we made in the middle:

Attach a thread by which you will later hang your dream Catcher.

The question often arises: where can I get feathers for a dream catcher? Well, first of all, feathers can be bought at craft stores. There they are immediately beautiful, they can be of different colors, with rhinestones. Secondly, you can just walk down the street and look at your feet. We have a lot of pigeons in our cities, and accordingly, you can find feathers. True, such feathers will still have to be worked on and painted. I used acrylic pearlescent paints for this purpose. Using a thin brush, carefully apply the design to the feather.

We tie several feathers together and put a bead on the thread.

By analogy we decorate dream Catcher a few more threads with feathers.

When posting material on other resources, an active link to www.world-hmade.ru is MANDATORY!

DIY dream catcher
At one time, we already published material on creating a dream catcher with your own hands. This was a master class from Evgenia Sultanova, which later became very famous in RuNet. You can view a detailed step-by-step guide with photographs at - http://home-sweet.ru/archives/3781.

The master class is very good, well-constructed. But since then, many have already begun to try to make their own manuals. Let's take a look at other worthy instructions for these amulets.

Video master class - DIY dream catcher

If you can’t wait to get to work, then after watching this video you can weave yourself a high-quality dream catcher.

General information

Now we would like to make a small selection of the best material in RuNet on the topic of dream catchers. It is necessary to periodically update publications to convey relevant information to people. So, the site gives us a very good historical base

There you can read where the dream catcher hobby came from. What peoples did these sacred things. What do dream catchers protect against? For what purposes are they intended? A small guide on weaving the product is also given.

Video - how to make a dream catcher with your own hands

And if the first dream catcher was made by a girl, then in this video clip we will be taught a master class by a guy. It’s interesting, by the way, that energy is significantly different. The girl is gentle, while the boy is more assertive.

Also there you can read the Indian legend about the dream catcher, as well as get acquainted with the dream keeper spell. We are more interested in the technical side of the issue, so we leave all esoteric things behind the scenes. Read, try, make your own catchers.

DIY dream catcher - a simple guide for beginners

A very good guide to weaving a dream catcher can be read on the website

This master class is good because it is replete with large photographs. And you, even if you are a completely inexperienced beginner, can create your own amulet. Of course, this will take some time, but the good thing about detailed instructions is that there are practically no questions left. Just practice and nothing more.

A classic no-frills dream catcher

Here is another very good master class on creating a dream catcher.

The manual contains large photographs and clearly explains what is being done, how it is done, and in what order. Even a beginner can figure it out. The only thing I would like to correct is the author. Is this amulet not Indian, but Indian?

Nature's Dream Catcher

Not every dream catcher can be considered real and actually working. You can buy such an amulet in a store, but it will not be of any use. The best decision is to do it yourself. Moreover, the colors of the threads should not be flashy bright, but, on the contrary, neutral, natural. So says the master class we found on the page

Composite five-piece dream catcher

A new master class has been added to my selection. Page address:

The special thing about this dream catcher is that it consists of five parts. Each individual woven circle also has its own power and ability to catch bad dreams. But if you combine all five into one whole, then the protection will be simply impenetrable for negative dreams.

Clingy dream catcher with long feathers

Another noteworthy master class from the Gifts website. The peculiarity of this catcher is that the feathers taken for it are long.

WHAT IS THE HELP AND HOW TO MAKE A DREAM CATCHER TALISMAN

According to Indian beliefs, feathers, like the web in a hoop, delay bad dreams. And since the feather is long, that means the degree of protection increases significantly. Watch the master class at:

An original and bright DIY dream catcher

A very bright and original dream catcher, decorated with homemade polymer clay beads, seed beads and feathers. I’m glad that Runet is becoming more and more interested in dream traps and I have something to add to my selection of the best master classes. See the manual for this catcher at:

Review DIY Dream Trap - 7 best Master Classes.

lives in the glorious city of Ulyanovsk and dreams of publishing an Atlas-identifier of bird feathers... Why not help...

This is her article from the just published publication - “Nature of the Simbirsk Volga Region”, no. 14... Photos by D. Korepova.

YES. KOREPOV METHOD OF CREATING A COLLECTION OF BIRDS FEATHERS

Perhaps one of the rarest natural science collections is the calamophilic collection (feather collectors are called calamophilists). Today, one of the largest collections of feathers in the country is stored at the Bashkir State University (113 thousand feathers, almost all pterilia (areas of skin on the body of a bird covered with feathers) of 138 species of birds) (11). The author of this article has a collection of 140 species. The collection is based on the flight feathers (creating the load-bearing surface of the wing) and tail feathers (creating the load-bearing surface of the tail), as the most reliably identifiable. The material was collected over fifteen years from the territory of the Ulyanovsk region, the border Saratov region, the republics of Tatarstan and Chuvashia. In addition, the collection contains several specimens collected in the Vladimir, Volgograd, Kostroma, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov regions, the Republic of Kalmykia, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, as well as Kazakhstan and Germany.

Rice. 1. An example of storing feather material in office files

Where can you find bird feathers?
In almost any biotope in late spring, summer and autumn, you can find single feathers dropped by a bird during molting. For a large bird moulting in a local nesting territory, such as the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla), you can find them in large numbers and, as ornithologists joke, “collect the whole bird.” It is great luck to collect feathers from such large birds as the gray crane (Grus grus). This is not only a rare and secretive species, but also the change of flight feathers and tail feathers occurs only once every 2-4 years (6). The seasonal change of flight and tail feathers in a number of species occurs during the winter, for example, in the river duck (Sterna hirundo), the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), the common nightjar (Caprimulgus europeus), the black swift (Apus apus), etc., therefore, in our latitudes large moulting feathers of these birds cannot be found (8).
It is more likely that feathers can be found under the nest or perch of a bird of prey. A perch is a place where a bird often rests - as a rule, it is a convenient branch on a tree with a good view. Often small birds of prey (hawks, falcons) have peculiar “canteens” - secluded areas of the forest to which they bring the prey they have killed and gut them. Finding such a “dining room” is a great success for a collector, since in a small area of ten square meters you can collect feathers of different types for a long time.
The side of the road is also a potentially “successful” place for searching for material for a calamophilic collection. Predators who enthusiastically butcher previously downed animals, owls “watching” for mice along the roads at night, and nightjars catching insects rising into the air often fall under the wheels of cars. In winter and early spring, small passerine birds hang out en masse along the sides of highways and die.
The remains of birds that have died from electric shock can often be found under power lines. A significant portion of the material in the author’s collection came from the Wild Bird Rescue Center at the Regional Station for Young Naturalists, where birds with diseases or injuries incompatible with life are received.

Rice. 2. Folders with feathers

Why collect bird feathers?
Based on calamophilic collections, bird identification guides based on feathers are being created (1, 3, 12, 13). Based on the feathers lost by birds, one can confirm the presence of species in a specific territory, study the routes and timing of their migrations, and the physiological state of individual individuals (2,4). Feather collections help in studying the diet of birds of prey. Thus, based on feather remains, it was possible to identify more than 30 bird species in the feeding spectrum of the solar eagle (Aquila heliaca) in the Ulyanovsk region (9). Determining the species of feathers is important for ornithotourism, as well as departments involved in the protection of wildlife (10).
The technique of identifying birds by fragments of their feathers is of great importance to ensure the proper level of safety of air transport flights (5). In recent years, studies of the microstructure of feathers have been carried out in the laboratory of ecology and control of bird behavior of the Institute of Poultry Ecology named after. A.N. Severtsov RAS (Moscow) (10).

Rice. 3. An example of storing flight feathers while preserving their serial numbers in the pterilium

How to store feathers?
It is most convenient to store feather material in stationery files (Fig. 1), combined in folders according to systematic groups (orders or families) (Fig. 2). For large feathers of eagles, swans, cranes, etc., appropriate bags or paper envelopes are sought or made. Feathers collected for collection directly from the wing or tail of a dead bird are best laid out in order in cells prepared from a folded sheet of paper using staples (Fig. 3).
It is important to accompany each find with a label indicating the species, sex and age of the bird, the place, time and author of the find, and the serial number in the collection (consecutive numbering of feathers is carried out for each species separately). It is convenient to use adhesive stickers to make labels for feathers stored in files; this will eliminate the possibility of their loss. All information about feather material is also recorded in a separate notebook - the collection catalogue.
To preserve the wing and tail pattern, complete fixation of the wing or tail of the bird is possible (Fig. 4). To do this, they are first completely cleaned of muscles and tendons. When preparing the tail, you should be careful not to damage the attachment points of the tail feathers to the pygostyle (the last caudal vertebrae), otherwise they will move or fall out (7). Then the wing or tail is straightened using needles on a flat surface (cardboard box or foam) and dried for one to two weeks. It should be remembered that correcting the position of the pen after drying will be difficult.
To place a pen in a collection, it needs to be put in order. If the found feather is heavily dented, it should be held over steam - the fan and the shaft will straighten out and take their previous shape. A dirty feather can simply be washed in water with cleaning or degreasing agents, blotted with a paper napkin and dried with a household hairdryer. Dark spots from the light field of the fan (but not the dark feather!) are removed by treating with hydrogen peroxide.
In order to protect feathers from damage by moths, skin beetles and other pests, the collection must be systematically carefully sorted and pickled. To do this, it is enough to soak small pieces of thick paper with insecticides (dichlorvos) and place them in files with feathers. Ordinary anti-moth plates will also come to the rescue. The procedure must be repeated several times a year.

Rice. 4. An example of fixing the wing in the extended state

The author of the article is currently preparing for publication an atlas identifying bird feathers and will be grateful for feather material, which can be brought or sent to the address of the nature department of the Local History Museum: Ulyanovsk, st. Spasskaya, 22.

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