Legend has it that back in the early 18th century, a Swedish officer had to deliver a package to the command. First he set out on horseback, then he had to run, swim across the river, shoot back and finally fight the enemy with swords. The officer brilliantly overcame all the tests and completed the tasks. It is possible that Pierre de Coubertin knew this legend. But even if not, the combination of such sports is quite common for an officer at the beginning of the last century.

At the first Olympics, where this event was presented, modern pentathlon was called “officers' Olympic pentathlon.” Only military personnel could participate in it, and the legend of the Swedish officer was realized at the very first Games. The first Olympic champion in this event was the Swede Gustav Lilienhöck. In a bitter struggle, he managed to defeat more than three dozen rivals, among whom was the future commander-in-chief of the US Armed Forces during World War II, George S. Patton. In those years, the competition took place over five days, with one event each day. Now two days are enough for athletes. At the first Olympics, medals were awarded in individual and team competitions.

Until the end of the 40s, no other competitions in this sport were held. In 1948, the International Federation of Modern Pentathlon was created. It was headed by another Swedish officer, born in 1920, G. Dirsson. A year after the formation of the federation, the first world championship was held, which was also won by a Swedish athlete.

The Swedes dominated this sport until 1956. It was the representatives of this country who won all the Olympic competitions of this period, with the exception of the Games in Berlin in 1936. The Swedes retained their leading position even when the competitions ceased to be for officers and civilians began to participate in them. Since 2000, women have been participating in Olympic competitions in this event.

Modern pentathlon competitions begin with shooting. Athletes shoot from a 4.5mm air pistol. It is necessary to make 20 shots at a 10-meter distance from one position at a round target consisting of 10 rings. You are given 40 seconds to prepare for the shot and actually shoot. A sports pistol for this type of shooting should not be heavier than one and a half kilograms. Athletes are not allowed to use support devices. In general, the conditions are quite harsh. The participant must prepare for shooting and become familiar with the target in two and a half minutes. If the weapon suddenly breaks down, you are given 5 minutes to repair the weapon.

The second type of modern pentathlon is fencing. The sword fight lasts 1 minute. Each participant meets all opponents in turn. The one who manages to inject first wins. If the opponents hit each other at the same time, the hits are not counted. If the result is zero, both are considered losers. This type of calculation has a rather complex system of calculations. A credit of 1000 points is awarded to whoever wins the most fights. For everyone else, points are added or subtracted depending on the number of matches won or lost.

Athletes enter the swimming distance in the order determined by the ranking of previous events. They must swim 200m freestyle. Credit 1000 points are awarded for a result of 2 minutes 30 seconds. for men. In competitions for women who have also mastered this sport, this result is 10 seconds longer.

Participants receive horses by lot. You need to have time to get comfortable with the horse and inspect the distance in 20 minutes. Each participant is given 1100 points. They must complete a 350-450m long track with 12 barriers in the allotted time. For each knocked down obstacle or extra time, points are deducted.

The last type of program is cross-country. Athletes must cover a distance of 3000m. The starting order is determined by previous results, with the one with the most points going first. The difference in points is converted into seconds, and each subsequent pentathlete starts later than his predecessor by as much as he is behind on points. Anyone who has performed brilliantly in four events receives a tangible advantage in cross-country, because the athlete's task is to be the first to cross the finish line.

Results of London 2012
The very confident performance of Russian pentathletes during the pre-Olympic cycle allowed the federation and fans to seriously count on two men's medals at London 2012. The Olympic reality, however, turned out to be too harsh for our athletes: I became fourth, then sixth. There is a special conversation about women: Russian women, despite the licenses they won, by the will of the federation president Aminov, could not go to the Games at all due to their own unsatisfactory results. Of course, London medals were not expected from them, and therefore 17th and 35th places did not really surprise anyone. For the first time in the history of Russian pentathlon, we were left without Olympic medals, moreover, planned ones.
Result: red light.

Dynamics of results
Olympic Games
Atlanta 1996: silver, Eduard Zenovka
Sydney 2000: gold, Dmitry Svatkovsky
Athens 2004: gold,
Beijing 2008: gold, .
London 2012: no medals

Theoretically, this criterion could generally be covered by the black light of the “London traffic light”: after three consecutive gold Olympics, the line of the dynamic graph fell as low as possible. However, let’s take into account Lesun’s “wooden” medal and limit ourselves to only the red light.
Result: red light.

Prospects
Actually, the results of this particular Olympics did not particularly influence the state of affairs in world pentathlon. In any case, Russian men will continue to set the tone, because four athletes fought for two Olympic licenses until the last moment. As a result, Sergey Karyakin and Ilya Frolov did not go to London, but this fact probably made them even stronger. Plus, there are already several very talented young athletes on the way to the first national team who have already made a name for themselves on the international stage. So there is no need to worry about the men’s part of the national team in the near future. Another thing is girls. Donata Rimšaite never got the opportunity to perform in London, but no Lithuania will be able to prohibit her from going to Rio four years later. However, it is worth considering that the “Lithuanian” Russian has not yet managed to achieve any clear results in the international arena. And the president of the FSPR, Vyacheslav Aminov, is clearly dissatisfied with what is happening: his decision not to send the team to the Olympics, if it were to become a reality, would be extremely harsh. It is clear that Aminov does not want to be content with places in the second and third tens, and this very fact allows us to hope that work in the “women’s” direction will begin to boil in the very near future. While waiting for the boiling point, “London Traffic Light” slightly holds back its rating in this criterion, giving it “satisfactory.”
Result: orange light.

Budget
Exact budget figures were not announced. However, in one of the interviews with FSPR President Vyacheslav Aminov, the amount of 30 million rubles allocated by the Ministry of Sports for modern pentathlon was mentioned. These funds are unlikely to be enough to support national teams, but the president of the FSPR managed to direct serious funds to the development of the sport, not only financial, but also administrative. Of course, all these means were hidden as much as possible from prying eyes.
Result: red light.

The emergence of new promising athletes
If you look at today’s “registration” of Russian pentathletes, then all of them, with the exception of Ilya Frolov, belong to the capital in one way or another. This is due to the fact that over the past four years, the Severnoye base near Moscow has remained the only place for pentathletes where they can fully train.

Many centers were brought to the brink of survival. For example, in the homeland of two-time Olympic champion Andrei Moiseev, in Rostov-on-Don, the pentathlon school was experiencing a severe crisis. A similar situation was in Samara and Ufa. It is obvious that the current Olympic cycle will also be spent on improving the current situation in the regions. Of course, this is not a one-time process: for such centers it is necessary that the stable and the swimming pool be in close proximity. Similar schools are now opening in Chelyabinsk and Krasnodar. The development of the species is also facilitated by the signing of agreements with the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the VFSO Dynamo, which have good training bases.

There is no need to worry about Russian youth in the pentathlon. Among those who are able to strengthen the main team in the near future, Ilya Shugarov is the winner of the 2010 Youth Olympic Games gold in the mixed relay and silver in the individual championship, Artyom Nedov is the silver medalist of the 2010 European Junior Championships,
Maxim Kuznetsov is the European champion among juniors in individual and team competitions, Ruslan Dyachkov is the winner of the 2010 European Junior Championship in team competitions.

For the girls, the leading roles are Svetlana Lebedeva, the 2009 world champion among juniors in team competitions and a silver medalist in the individual competition, as well as Gulnaz Gubaidullina, a silver medalist at the 2010 Youth World Championships in individual competitions and a bronze medalist in the relay.
Result: green light.

Federation management
The leadership of the FSPR includes people directly related to modern pentathlon, including former athletes.

Since October 2009, the FSPR has been headed by Vyacheslav Aminov, master of sports in swimming, famous businessman and politician, former general director of Prominvest CJSC. With his arrival as president of the FSPR, the development of modern pentathlon in our country has moved forward. Funds are being invested, new pentathlon centers are opening in the regions, and a course has been taken to popularize the sport. The first vice-president of the FSPR is Dmitry Svatkovsky, Honored Master of Sports, Sydney Olympic champion, two-time world champion, European champion, four-time World Cup winner. He is the President of the European Federation of Modern Pentathlon. Since 2006, he has held the position of Minister of Investment Policy of the Nizhny Novgorod Region.

Vice-president, head coach of the Russian national team - Sergei Nikolaevich Oslikovsky, master of sports in swimming, rear admiral. He was president of the Russian Modern Pentathlon Federation from 1996 to 2004

The executive director is Eduard Zenovka, Honored Master of Sports, three-time Olympic medalist, multiple winner and medalist of world championships.

The head coach of the Russian national team is Alexey Khaplanov, Honored Master of Sports, world champion in the team, two-time European champion in the team and relay, Honored Coach of Russia.
Result: green light.

Press Relations
FSPR press attache - Alexey Popov. Before Aminov came to the post of president of the FSPR, there was no position of press attaché in the federation. The official website was also absent and only began operating in the summer of 2010. Some of its sections are still under development.

FSPR's media partners are the Rossiya 2 TV channel and RIA Novosti. But the key role in relations with the media is assigned to NTV-Plus. On the eve of the World Championships, the television company, together with the FSPR, is developing a new approach to TV showing modern pentathlon. On the eve of the World Cup, the new system was tested at the Kremlin Cup.
Result: yellow light.

FINAL COLOR - ORANGE.

The image of the London Olympics emblem consists of four irregular polygons representing the numbers of the year of the Olympics (20 and 12). The word London and a single-color image of the Olympic rings are placed in two parts of the emblem. The emblem can be made in various colors, such as orange, yellow, blue and green. The logo was developed in the studio of the brand consulting company Wolff Olins and cost the customer approximately 400 thousand pounds sterling.

STATISTICS

Name of the Olympic Games

XXX summer

State

United Kingdom

London
London is the only city in the world to host the Olympic Games for the third time. Before this, the London Olympics took place in and years.

Year

Time

July 27 - August 12
The football tournament begins on July 25; Archery competitions will also take place on the opening day of the Olympics.

Sports

Rowing, Badminton, Basketball, Boxing, Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestling, Cycling, Track racing, Road racing, Mountain biking, BMX, Water sports, Water polo, Swimming, Diving, Synchronized swimming, Volleyball, Volleyball, Beach Volleyball, Handball, Kayaking and Canoeing, Rowing Slalom, Gymnastics, Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Gymnastics, Trampoline, Judo, Equestrianism, Dressage, Show Jumping, Eventing, Athletics, Table Tennis, Sailing , Modern Pentathlon, Shooting, Archery, Tennis, Triathlon, Taekwondo, Weightlifting, Fencing, Football, Field Hockey.

(Baseball and softball are excluded from the list of Olympic sports)

Candidate cities

Madrid, Moscow, New York, Paris
Moscow was the first city to drop out of the competition to host the 2012 Olympics. In the second round of voting, New York was excluded from the list, and Madrid took first place in terms of votes. But London beat him in the third round; Moreover, Madrid dropped out of the race at this stage. In the last round, two European capitals London and Paris competed - London won by a small margin (54 to 50).

Ticket prices for events

From 20 to 2000 pounds
Some competitions held along long routes (cycling, marathon, triathlon, etc.) can be watched for free

Wenlock & Mandeville

The names of the mascots of the 2012 Games come from the names of settlements - the village of Much Wenlock (in which sports games were held in the mid-19th century) and the town of Stoke Mandeville, where the Paralympic movement originated. According to the legend, the characters are drops of metal that came to life during the construction of the Olympic stadium.

Pride the Lion - the third official character and mascot of the London 2012 Olympic Games

The Olympic Organizing Committee's introduction of an additional character into the list of mascots is due to the fact that futuristic one-eyed mascots have caused controversial assessments and critical reviews. Wenlock and Mandeville will be protected by the lion Pride, who will also be the symbol of the British team.

The London Olympics medals will be the largest in the history of the Games - their weight will be about 400 grams.

A total of 302 sets of medals will be awarded at the Olympics.

4,700 medals were issued for the London Olympics and Paralympics.

London 2012

The 2012 Summer Olympics were the thirtieth Summer Olympic Games, which took place in London, Great Britain, from July 27 to August 12, 2012. Previously, there were Olympics there in 1908 and 1948, that is, London was the first to host Olympians three times.

Nine cities submitted applications to host the Games, of which five reached the finals: Moscow, Madrid, Paris, New York and London. At the 117th session of the IOC in July 2005, the winner was announced - London became the capital of the 30 Summer Olympic Games.

Preparation for the London 2012 Olympics

The emblem of the 2012 Olympic Games featured the numbers “2”, “0”, “1”, “2” stylized as irregular polygons, the word “London”, and an image of the Olympic rings. It was designed in four variants: green, blue, orange and yellow. But the emblem has been repeatedly called an ugliness and a waste of money ($650 thousand).

The mascots of the London Games are two drops of steel from Bolton: Wenlock and Mandeville, named after the town of Much Wenlock and the village of Stoke Mandeville. These are one-eyed creatures wearing bicycle helmets with the logos of the Games.

London 2012 Medals

The medals developed for the 30th Summer Olympic Games London 2012 became the largest:

• diameter - 85mm;
• thickness - 7 mm;
• weight - 375-400 grams.

Olympic London 2012 placed the majority of sports facilities in three zones:

• in the park there is a stadium, an aquatic center, a bicycle park, arenas for basketball, handball and field hockey, two Olympic villages;
• river area along the Thames - exhibition center, O2 Arena and Greenwich Arena, Greenwich Park for equestrians, Royal Artillery barracks for riflemen;
• central zone - Wembley Stadium, All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club, Hyde Park.

Outside London, rowing and sailing competitions were held, and mountain biking competitions took place in the vicinity of Hadley Castle. Football matches were also held in Cardiff, Glasgow, Newcastle, Birmingham and Coventry.

Opening of the London 2012 Olympics

The ceremony took place on July 27 at the new 80,000-seat Olympic Stadium, and was called “Islands of Wonder,” directed by Oscar winner Danny Boyle.

He staged a theatrical performance on the history of Great Britain, in which 10 thousand actors were involved. The part dedicated to the 20th century was accompanied by famous compositions by the Rolling Stones, Beatles, Who and other groups. Rock, disco and modern club music were played.

Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the 2012 Olympics. This was also a whole performance: the Queen, accompanied by James Bond, flew in by helicopter and parachuted into the arena. Of course, in fact, the queen and her husband Prince Philip left the box. The national flag was raised to the anthem “GodsavetheQueen”.

After the theatrical performance, a parade of athletes from 205 countries participating in the Games took place. The Russian team was led by tennis player Maria Sharapova.

The Olympic flame was carried at the final stage by former England captain David Beckham, then five-time Olympic winner Stephen Redgrave, and seven young athletes lit a flower-shaped torch. At the end, the sky was lit up with large-scale fireworks.

Sports at the 2012 London Olympics

Competitions were held in 26 sports and 39 sports disciplines:

Russia at the London 2012 Olympics

The team included 436 athletes. The following records were set:

• won 3 gold medals in judo;
• The men's volleyball team won gold for the first time;
• The pair Nina Vislova and Valeria Sorokina won bronze in badminton for the first time.

The Russians surpassed the result of the Beijing 2008 Olympics, but in terms of the number of awards they took third place after the USA and China.

Closing of the Summer Olympic Games London 2012

The closing ceremony of the Olympics was called the “Symphony of British Music” and took place in the main arena on August 12. The performance was dedicated to the British musical heritage, hits from 50 years were performed, and 3,500 volunteers took part. Directed by Kim Gavin.

Anastasia Davydova walked at the parade of athletes with the flag of the Russian national team.

The closing of the London Olympics took place with the participation of famous top models and legendary musical groups. It all ended with a performance by TheWho and a grandiose fireworks display.

To close - press twice - to scale

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