Angina

How to cure period pain. What are the pains during menstruation?

Cramps during menstruation are a nasty thing, but at least they are familiar. That is why it is worth paying special attention to any changes - for example, if usually quite tolerable discomfort has turned into real suffering. Or the pain does not leave you even several days after your period has ended. Finally, the discharge is unusually heavy and lasts for an abnormally long time. Whatever the change is, it signals that something may be wrong with the body. “And you can’t ignore it,” concludes Alice Dweck, an obstetrician-gynecologist at Mount Kisco Clinic in New York.

To have an idea of possible problems, read on.

Very severe pain and heavy discharge

Possible reason: uterine fibroid. This is a benign tumor on the inner or outer wall of the uterus. Why fibroids appear is not fully understood, but the problem is very common among women 30-40 years old. The pain, which Dweck describes as “off the scale,” usually occurs due to mechanical pressure from the tumor on the uterus or as a result of inflammation.

What to do: make an appointment with your gynecologist and talk about your symptoms. The doctor will most likely conduct several examinations, as a result of which it will become clear whether you have a fibroid and whether it needs to be removed. The latter depends on many factors - including the location of the tumor and its size (varies from a button to the size of a medium grapefruit). Since fibroids are sensitive to estrogen levels, you may be prescribed a COC as a pain reliever.

Constant nagging pain

Possible reason: inflammatory process in the pelvic organs, that is, infection of the ovaries, bladder, uterus and/or fallopian tubes. Where does inflammation come from? Well, for example, any STI in an advanced stage can lead to it (remember that chlamydia and gonorrhea are often asymptomatic). “The pain is almost constant, usually without severe attacks, but at the same time very unpleasant,” Alisa clarifies. And during menstruation, in combination with cramps, pain from inflammation may intensify.

What to do: go to the gynecologist without delay. “The inflammatory process rarely becomes a reason for very urgent action, but it cannot be triggered,” says Dweck. – The sooner the doctor examines you and determines the cause, the sooner he can prescribe antibiotics. If inflammation is ignored for a long time, it can cause scar tissue to form, which ultimately affects your ability to conceive.

Sharp pain in one side

Possible reason: ovarian torsion. “This happens when something (such as a cyst) causes the ovary to twist, impeding blood flow,” says Dweck. “This is very severe, almost unbearable pain that requires immediate medical attention.” One of the consequences is the decline of ovarian function.

What to do: call an ambulance. Most likely, an ultrasound and other studies will be required. If the diagnosis of torsion is confirmed, immediate laparoscopic (that is, with a minimal level of intervention) surgery is required to bring the organ to its normal position. “Sometimes, with timely intervention, the ovary can be saved. But if it no longer looks viable, it will have to be removed. Fortunately, this organ is a pair, and the production of estrogens and eggs will be taken over by the remaining ovary.”

Severe cramps that do not respond to regular painkillers

Possible reason: Endometriosis is a disease in which tissue from the uterus moves to other organs (such as the ovaries or fallopian tubes) and takes root there. Endometriosis affects nearly 10 percent of women, according to the American Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology. But the thing is that it can take years to establish a correct diagnosis. Before this happens, most patients believe that severe pain during menstruation is a common occurrence and suffer. Plus, they often experience discomfort during sex.

What to do: again, go to the doctor and describe your symptoms. You are prescribed several tests and studies to determine possible treatment options. Since endometrial tissue is sensitive to hormone levels, taking hormonal contraceptives will help reduce pain. But the only way to confirm endometriosis is still laparoscopy, during which the doctor can try to remove as much excess tissue as possible.

Severe cramps after insertion of intrauterine contraceptives

Possible reason: copper (non-hormonal) intrauterine device. Within three months after installation of this tiny T-shaped device, increased pain may occur, because the spiral needs time to “take root” in the body.

What to do: “If the pain continues for a long time or appears suddenly after a long period of normal functioning of the IUD, then you need to sign up for an ultrasound, which will allow you to find out what condition the spiral is in,” advises Dweck. The doctor can check and slightly adjust the position of the IUD, after which the pain should go away.

Most often, painful periods are primary dysmenorrhea, that is, unpleasant sensations do not arise due to illness, but on their own. If you are healthy, but you are in pain, then prostaglandins are to blame for your illness - these are mediators that increase the sensitivity of pain receptors. They are produced in the lining of the uterus during menstruation. Because of them, the uterus contracts in order to remove blood and endometrium faster.

When there are a lot of prostaglandins and the uterus contracts strongly, pain appears in the lower abdomen, which resembles cramps.

Sometimes back pain is added to these sensations. Prostaglandins also influence the contraction of smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract, so these substances are responsible for nausea and diarrhea during menstruation.

What other reasons cause pain?

If the pain begins suddenly, then you need to examine the genitourinary system and organs that are located nearby. Perhaps the real cause of discomfort is diseases, such as:

Endometriosis.
Inflammation of the bladder (cystitis).
Myomas, fibromas and other tumors.
Inflammatory diseases in the pelvic organs.
Intestinal diseases.

With painful periods, any of these diseases can be associated with increased production of prostaglandins. Therefore, if the pain becomes stronger than usual, lasts longer than three days, the cycle is disrupted, unusual discharge appears, or, consult a doctor with these symptoms.

What tests should I take to understand that this is not a dangerous disease?

An examination by a gynecologist is needed (at the same time, the doctor can take smears, including for hidden ones), as well as an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs.

This is enough to draw conclusions about health and treat either illness or dysmenorrhea.

If during the examination the doctor finds nothing, and the pain during menstruation is severe, does not go away with bleeding, and the prescribed treatment does not help, then an exploratory operation will be required to find or exclude endometriosis.

Why does it hurt me, but my friend endures menstruation without problems?

You're out of luck. No one can say for sure why some women have heavier periods than others. This is a feature of the body that needs to be dealt with.

What pills can you use to save yourself?

First aid - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs. These are fairly safe painkillers, sold without a prescription and in a variety of combinations.

Anti-inflammatory drugs do more than just numb the pain. They reduce the production of prostaglandins, the very ones that are to blame for everything.

There is no point in immediately rushing for products with a complex composition. Regular ibuprofen may help. There are also stronger drugs - indomethacin, ketoprofen. All drugs have contraindications. Women who have stomach diseases need to be especially careful. To take NSAIDs in these cases, you need to consult a doctor who will select the drug.

But antispasmodics help with dysmenorrhea worse (if they help at all), because they do not affect the cause of the pain.

Will birth control pills help?

Hormonal oral medications create an artificial menstrual cycle with its own hormonal background. At the same time, the endometrium becomes thinner so that a fertilized egg cannot attach to it. And since this layer is thinner, there are fewer prostaglandins in it. Therefore, birth control pills are often prescribed for painful periods. Painful menstrual periods.

If your doctor recommends pills, try to choose modern drugs with minimal side effects and check if you have any contraindications.

Therapy is not limited to pills: hormonal IUDs or perform the same tasks.

How to treat, besides pills?

There are methods that help make it easier to endure pain during menstruation. Unfortunately, it is impossible to say for sure that they will help: everyone has their own reactions. Try everything one by one, focus on your own state and listen to the sensations.

Warm. The best option is to crawl under the covers and sit with a mug of hot tea, you can even apply a heating pad to your lower abdomen, but this is not always possible. If you need to leave the house and do business, dress warmly. Choose clothes that don't create discomfort in the abdominal area: tight jeans and belts that cut into the body will last a few days. A warm shower works too.
Sport. You need to play sports for prevention, and when it becomes difficult, do light muscle exercises and stretching.
Acupuncture. There is no evidence that such alternative medicine works. But at least the procedures distract from the pain.
Relaxing massage. It distracts from unpleasant sensations and is generally beneficial for the body and mind, which also needs to rest sometimes. Massage your abdomen, stroking it clockwise in the area where pain is felt.
Comfortable position. If you can lie down, try to raise your legs higher or lie on your side with your knees bent.
Quitting smoking. You need to quit for good, and not just for those days when you feel pain.
Vitamins and microelements. This is also not an absolutely reliable method, but it is possible that supplements with vitamins B6, B1, E, magnesium and calcium will help you Menstrual cramps: Lifestyle and home remedies.

Is it possible to get rid of pain once and for all?

Not as long as you're on your period. Although there are surgeries Patient education: Painful menstrual periods (dysmenorrhea) which destroy nerves in the uterus. The effectiveness of such treatment is low, but there are risks.

Will the pain decrease after childbirth?

There are no guarantees that the pain will go away after childbirth, despite the fact that many doctors for some reason recommend childbirth as a remedy for many gynecological problems.

Some women notice that pain decreases with age and after childbirth, but not everyone can count on this. The pain may remain with you until menopause.

Abdominal pain during menstruation is a very common symptom that every second woman of reproductive age experiences. Painful sensations are most intense in the first days of menstruation and begin to subside starting from the third day. The nature of the pain is usually nagging, but sometimes the pain syndrome can look like a sharp or stabbing pain localized in the lower abdomen. This phenomenon in medicine is called dysmenorrhea and is most often observed in nulliparous women, as well as in those who have weight problems or suffer from bad habits.

Dysmenorrhea can be accompanied by a whole range of symptoms: headache, nausea, lack of appetite, weakness, and fatigue. The most pronounced sign of dysmenorrhea is pain in the lower abdomen. Some women experience stomach pain so severe that they are unable to carry out household and professional activities. In such a situation, it is important to know what to do and what ways you can reduce the intensity of unpleasant sensations.

A nagging pain in the lower abdomen is caused by uterine contractions. The inside of the uterus is covered with mucous membranes containing a large number of blood vessels and capillaries. This lining is called the mucosal layer or endometrium. During the period of ovulation, the endometrium produces hormones necessary for the attachment of a fertilized egg to the walls of the organ and the further development of the embryo. If fertilization does not occur, endometrial rejection occurs, accompanied by uterine bleeding. This period of the menstrual cycle is called menstruation (the medical name is regula).

On the first day of menstruation, the uterus begins to contract intensively in order to cleanse itself of blood clots and blood accumulated in its cavity. Spasms of the uterine walls are the cause of pulling, painful sensations in the lower abdomen. They can have varying intensity and resemble weak labor contractions. About 35% of women experience very intense pain during their periods and lose their usual ability to work, so it is important for them to know how to deal with the pain quickly and effectively.

Pay attention! The intensity of pain at the beginning of menstruation depends on the woman’s age, lifestyle, and hereditary factors. Women whose mothers or grandmothers suffered from dysmenorrhea are more likely to experience a similar syndrome. The same clinical picture is observed in women with limited mobility or a sedentary lifestyle.

Frequency of dysmenorrhea in women aged 18 to 45 years

Do I need to take pills?

To get rid of pain caused by uterine contractions, it is allowed to take antispasmodics. This is a group of painkillers whose action is based on weakening spasms of smooth muscle fibers and blood vessels (when used systemically, the spasm stops completely). The most popular medicine in this group is “ No-shpa"(analogue - " Drotaverine"). To eliminate pain during menstruation, it can be taken in tablets (1 tablet 2-3 times a day) or given intramuscular injections. For severe pain, it is best to use the injection form of the drug, and after stopping the acute attack, switch to oral administration.

Another well-known and affordable antispasmodic is “ Papaverine" It is best used in rectal suppositories. The daily dosage is 1-2 suppositories, the course of use should not exceed 3-5 days. If the pain does not stop after the end of your period, you should consult a doctor. “Papaverine” helps to quickly alleviate a woman’s condition and restore her ability to work, but it will not be possible to get rid of unpleasant sensations completely in one day.

If your stomach hurts very much during menstruation, you can use combination drugs with anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and analgesic effects. These include complex drugs " Spasmalgon" And " Pentalgin" To relieve moderate pain, a one-time dose of non-steroidal drugs with anti-inflammatory action is allowed. These could be:

"Ibufen";
"Moment";
"Ibuprofen";
"Nurofen Express";
"Next".

Important! The exact dosage of any drug is indicated in the instructions. It is not advisable to use medications with antispasmodic and analgesic effects for more than 3 days in a row without consulting a doctor. Some, such as ibuprofen-based products, can cause severe side effects if taken long-term, so they should only be used to relieve acute pain.

Herbal medicine for painful periods

Some medicinal herbs and herbs can help with painful menstruation, so before taking pills, you can try to get rid of the pain with folk remedies. Experts recognize ginger tea as the most effective for dysmenorrhea. Ginger root contains many glycosides, esters and phytoncides - natural substances with antibacterial and analgesic effects. To prepare the drink, it is best to use fresh ginger, but if it is not available, dried spice will also work (1 spoon of fresh ginger = 0.5 spoon of dried root).

To prepare tea, you need:

grate or chop a small piece of ginger root (2-3 cm) with a knife;
pour a glass of boiling water;
add a little cinnamon;
leave for 7 minutes.

You can add a few mint leaves, a slice of lemon and a little sugar to the finished tea. The therapeutic effect occurs 15-30 minutes after consumption.

Important! A ginger drink is contraindicated for women with diseases of the digestive system (especially in the acute stage) and blood pathologies. If your periods are usually long and heavy, it is also better to avoid this method.

Peppermint tea with lemon balm

A mixture of mint and lemon balm has a pronounced analgesic effect. To make tea that will help get rid of pain during menstruation, you need:

mix 2 g each of peppermint and lemon balm (you can use fresh or dried herbs);
add 4-5 drops of lemongrass oil and 250 ml of boiling water;
leave for 5-7 minutes.

If you don’t have lemongrass oil at home, you can use citrus zest: oranges, lemons, grapefruits (5 g per cup of drink). It is advisable to drink this tea every day until your menstruation ends. For prevention, you can drink one cup after waking up and 1-2 hours before bedtime.

Chamomile tea with raspberries

It is very important for this method to use raspberries, and not leaves. The fact is that raspberry leaves stimulate the contraction of muscle fibers and can lead to the opposite effect. Some pregnant women, wanting to speed up the approach of labor, drink a drink made from raspberry leaves to induce the onset of contractions.

To achieve relaxation of the muscles of the uterus, you need to prepare tea strictly according to the recipe below:

Pour 1 tablespoon of chamomile flowers into 300 ml of boiling water;
add 15 g of dried raspberries (berries);
leave for 10 minutes;
add a pinch of cinnamon and a little natural honey.

Chamomile tea with raspberries also has a general strengthening and calming effect, therefore it is recommended for women with severe clinical manifestations of PMS and disturbances in emotional stability during menstruation.

Video: How to relieve pain during menstruation: natural remedies

Thermal treatments

Warming procedures are a great way to relieve muscle spasms, but they can only be done if there is complete confidence in the absence of an inflammatory or purulent process. You should not heat your stomach if you have an inflamed appendix, so it is best to consult your doctor before using any of the methods below.

Hot water bottle on the stomach

A heating pad on the stomach is the easiest way to warm up the muscles of the uterus

The easiest way to warm up the muscles of the uterus is to place a heating pad with hot water on the lower abdomen. Doctors advise replacing the heating pad with a warm diaper, which must be ironed on all sides several times. This method is considered more gentle and does not cause exacerbations if there are low-grade inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs.

Keep warm for no more than 15 minutes and no more than 2 times a day. If the pain does not go away after this, you should consult a doctor to rule out gynecological diseases.

Warm shower

Taking hot baths during menstruation is not recommended, but a warm short shower will perfectly relieve fatigue, ensure body hygiene and help eliminate painful sensations. While showering, you can lightly massage your stomach with a massage mitten or washcloth - this will relax the muscles and ease the spasm.

Warm massage

Abdominal massage can also reduce the severity of pain, especially if you add warm oil to the procedure. You can use industrially produced cosmetic oils with the addition of pepper and other warming additives, or any essential oil heated in a water bath to a temperature of 36°. Grapefruit, bergamot, and saffron oil can be used as antispasmodics. If they are unavailable, even baby massage oil or good quality vegetable oil will do.

Important! Under no circumstances should the oil be heated too hot, as this may cause skin burns.

Video - Painful menstruation

Video - Severe pain during menstruation: what to do?

The role of drinking regime in the prevention of dysmenorrhea

Sometimes painful sensations at the beginning of your period can be caused by severe dehydration. With blood, a woman loses a lot of fluid, and if during this period she does not receive enough fluid, the body will experience a lack of moisture, which is expressed in pain in the lower abdomen. It can be distinguished from uterine cramps by the nature of the sensations: with dehydration, the pain syndrome is usually dull or moderately acute. The intensity is rarely very high, but some women with a low pain threshold find it difficult to cope even with such sensations.

To drink during menstruation, it is better to choose clean water, still mineral water, herbal teas and infusions, berry decoctions, and dried fruit compotes. Vegetable and fruit juices are beneficial. But it is better to avoid alcohol, strong tea, cocoa and coffee during this period.

To ensure the least painful period possible, women are advised to follow the tips below. They will help improve your general condition and reduce the severity of discomfort.

Physical activity should be daily, even during menstruation. It is necessary to exclude jerking, heavy lifting and bending from the daily routine.
A week before the start of menstruation, you should include more vegetable salads, leafy greens, fruit juices and fresh berries in your diet.
It is advisable to completely stop smoking and drinking alcohol, as they contribute to fluid loss.
If you are forced to take anticoagulants (drugs that reduce blood viscosity), it is recommended to consult a doctor and possibly adjust the dosage for the period of menstruation.

By following these simple tips, you can ease painful periods and improve your quality of life during this period. If, despite all efforts, the pain does not go away, the use of medications or traditional medicine recipes is allowed. If the pain persists after the end of menstruation, you should contact your local gynecologist to find out the possible causes. read on our website.

During menstruation, most women experience not just discomfort and general malaise, they are tormented by terrible painful symptoms in the lower abdomen, which not even all medical painkillers can help cope with. Therefore, during this period there can be no talk of any social activity. Representatives of the fair sex writhe in pain, drink pills by the handful and wait for these “terrible” days to end. However, this approach is fundamentally wrong. Unbearable pain during menstruation is a clear symptom of pathological disorders in the body that require medical diagnosis and qualified treatment. Therefore, there is no need to suffer and wait until everything goes away; if painful symptoms appear, you need to go to an appointment with a gynecologist.

Menstrual pain - normal or pathological?

What is menstruation? This is a process during which the inner layer of the uterus is renewed and dead cells are removed out. This occurs due to intense muscle contraction, during which it is possible to compress nerve endings and compress blood vessels. This is why pain occurs in the lower abdomen, lower back and sacral area. As a rule, these symptoms appear on the eve of menstruation and can last the first two days of bleeding. Then they disappear without a trace. Normally, during menstrual periods, a woman may experience mild malaise and minor pain. But if menstruation is accompanied by severe pain, then this already indicates pathology. In medicine, such painful manifestations are called dysmenorrhea. As a rule, they are accompanied by a number of other unpleasant symptoms.

There are primary and secondary dysmenorrhea. Primary or functional, as a rule, is not associated with any diseases or disorders, but is a consequence of the individual characteristics of the body. It most often occurs in young girls, in the first years after their first menstruation. This condition in most cases disappears after the birth of a child, when a radical hormonal change occurs in the body.

Secondary or acquired, is a consequence of pathologies in the reproductive organs and various diseases. Most often typical for women over thirty years of age. Painful periods are accompanied by dizziness, excessive sweating, nausea, and heart rhythm disturbances.

In addition, compensated dysmenorrhea is distinguished, the one that has been observed in a woman for many years, and with an increase in the intensity of pain, a diagnosis of decompensated dysmenorrhea is made.

According to the intensity of pain, four degrees of dysmenorrhea are distinguished. At initial or zero, the painful symptoms are minor and go away on their own without the use of painkillers. Second degree - other types of ailments are also added, and you also need to take pills. In the third case, in addition to painful periods, a woman suffers from nausea, dizziness, chills, migraines, irritability; she simply cannot do without painkillers. The fourth degree is not just hellish pain that occurs a few days before menstruation and lasts throughout its duration, but also tachycardia, vomiting, fever and other unpleasant symptoms. In this case, conventional drugs are simply powerless. The woman needs medical help.

There are quite a few reasons why a woman writhes from pain during her menstrual period. Let's look at the most common ones. If we consider primary dysmenorrhea, it can develop against the background of an abnormal position of the uterus, as a result of adhesions and scars, due to a low pain threshold. Hereditary predisposition is also considered separately; if the mother writhes from painful menstruation, then the daughter has a fairly high chance of repeating the fate of her parent. In addition, vitamin deficiency, deficiency of magnesium, calcium, and hormonal disorders contribute to the appearance of pain (prostaglandin stimulates active contraction of the uterus and vasoconstriction).

Among the reasons for the development of secondary dysmenorrhea, it is necessary to highlight:

endometriosis;
uterine fibroids;
ectopic pregnancy;
inflammatory processes in the pelvic organs;
polyps, cysts.

However, you need to remember that this is not a complete list of reasons that may be responsible for painful menstruation. The female body is complex, unique and very individual. Therefore, only a specialist, based on a thorough diagnosis, can establish the cause and take appropriate measures that will help not only alleviate the condition, but also eliminate the identified pathology.

With primary dysmenorrhea, you can improve your well-being at home. Remember a few simple manipulations; when you perform them, there should be a significant improvement in your condition:

massage the abdomen and lower back with light circular movements in a clockwise direction;
warm relaxing shower;
resting on your side in the fetal position;
compress with sea salt, and then a warm bath for fifteen minutes;
taking No-shpa, Ketonal, Ibuprofen and Valerian;
light relaxing chamomile tea, infusions of parsley, strawberries;
rubbing essential oils of St. John's wort, yarrow, sage;
for severe bleeding and pain, you can use cold (ice cubes on top of clothing).

During menstruation, swimming helps to relax muscle tissue, but do not forget about the risks that arise when swimming in open water. Therefore, you should be extremely careful in this matter, although the benefits from it are quite great, because in the process there is an active production of endorphins - joy hormones, which act better than any pain reliever.

Reason to seek medical help

If the pain symptoms are too severe, last more than two days, are accompanied by diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, excessive blood loss, then under no circumstances should you hesitate. You should immediately see a doctor.

Remember, there are cases when a woman needs urgent surgical intervention, for example, with an ectopic pregnancy (manifested by intense cramping pain), delay can cost her life. Therefore, you should not ignore the problem, but immediately contact a medical institution for advice and undergo a timely examination.

The use of pain medications is also best coordinated with your gynecologist.

As a rule, in addition to antispasmodics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal drugs, and homeopathy are prescribed. However, their combinations and dosage must be strictly indicated by the doctor, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient’s body.

Almost all women know that pain often occurs during menstruation. But, you must admit, the severity of pain in the same woman in different months can be different, and sometimes there is none at all. And sometimes - at least climb up the wall from her. Let's figure out what hurts during menstruation and how it can be avoided.

Anatomy of menstruation

Let's remember anatomy. Every month, one or more eggs mature in a woman’s body. They wait for fertilization, and without waiting for this wonderful event, they move through the tubes to the uterus. The uterus, meanwhile, produces a lot of substance that can help the fertilized egg “attach” to its walls. You understand that at a certain point in the uterus there is a large number of all kinds of tissues and cells that the woman’s body “was not useful” in this cycle, and they must be removed from the uterus. This removal is called menstruation; there is an abundant release of blood, and with it all unnecessary biological material.

What hurts?

After an anatomy lesson, it becomes clear why pain during menstruation occurs before it begins and lasts for some time - from 2-4 hours to 2 days. The uterus begins to open to remove unnecessary things. Remember labor pains - pain occurs when the uterus opens. Of course, during menstruation the uterus does not open so much, but still it opens! Muscles press on internal tissues rich in nerve endings. It's less sensitive and more painful. After the uterus has opened, an impulsive muscle contraction begins, which expels the blood out. Imagine a rubber bulb, you press on it, water flows out, right? So is the uterus, the muscles press on it, blood comes out. And any pressure brings unpleasant sensations.

Why does it hurt more?

Increased pain during menstruation occurs with certain diseases. If your hormonal levels have changed due to nervousness, the uterus may contract stronger or weaker, this affects the level of pain. Also, over the years, a woman may begin to suffer from increased sensitivity to pain. Then even the slightest contraction of the uterus will cause unbearable pain. In this case, you need to consult a doctor, he will prescribe the correct treatment. But the woman herself must follow the basic rules so that it hurts less: don’t be nervous, play sports, don’t smoke, don’t drink alcohol, don’t catch a cold (especially protect your legs from hypothermia).

Algomenorrhea

If the pain begins 3-4 days before menstruation, and then only intensifies, then not only the uterus hurts when muscles are applied to it. This condition is called algomenorrhea, and only a doctor can determine that it hurts during menstruation. Pain can be caused by endometriosis and in this case the entire mucous membrane hurts, not just the cervix. Also often the cause of pain is inflammation of the genital organs. Pain during menstruation can even be caused by an intrauterine device, as well as polyps and peritoneal adhesions. By the way, many women do not even suspect that they have adhesions, thinking that these are standard pains during menstruation. And this is a very big danger! When muscles contract, they can exert such a strong mechanical effect that organs stuck to each other will cause nagging pain. In the most acute cases, rupture and internal bleeding occur, which can only be eliminated surgically.